In this paper, single-polarization single-mode (SPSM) optical waveguides of ultra-broad bandwidth and very large mode areas are proposed and analyzed based on photonic crystal planar waveguides (PCPWs) and arrays with advanced elliptic features. The multi-unit PCPW arrays have been found particularly effective in achieving ultra-broadband operation with substantially expanded modal areas, as an optimized five-unit PCPW array offers an unprecedentedly broad SPSM spectrum of 4310 nm (from 0.11 to 4.42 μm). In addition, near-zero transmission loss conditions have also been identified for PCPW arrays at various resonant wavelengths. Such very-large-mode-area (VLMA), ultra-broadband, SPSM optical waveguides with “lossless” transmission conditions are highly desirable for basic waveguide research as well as related application fields.