Planar inverted-F Antenna Antenna Research Articles

Dual Band Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA) with L-Shape Configuration

One of the most used antennas in mobile devices is planar inverted F antenna (PIFA). PIFA can be design in dual band frequencies due to the coverage of the wireless service in a mobile device that requires a multiple frequencies. However, the consideration of technical operation has to be combined with an evaluation of the antenna radiation impact on the users. A procedure of PIFA work in GSM (867-960MHz) and GSM (1710-1899MHz) is done using CST Software. The dual band frequency response is obtained by means of an insertion of an L-shaped slot, which is use to tune the operation frequencies. The prototype of the antenna is fabricated as model by CST Software and evaluated. It is found out that the PIFA antenna has a good efficiency, bandwidth as well as produce a maximum gain for the antenna. A key and innovative research is still underway to broaden performance parameters of the antenna.

Compact Dual-Band Textile PIFA for 433-MHz/2.4-GHz ISM Bands

A textile planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) is proposed. By co-designing the PIFA antenna and the ground plane, a wide matching bandwidth is achieved around 433 MHz for a relatively small electrical size (0.202 × 0.115 × 0.01 λ 03). A slot within the PIFA patch enables the 2.4-GHz operating band. The measured bandwidths are 35 and 309 MHz in the lower and upper bands, respectively. The corresponding radiation efficiencies are 48% and 64%. The analysis of the effect of bending and the on-body characterization show the robust performance of the antenna.

The study of the ground plane effect on a Multiband PIFA Antenna by using Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization

The ground plane plays an important role on the performance of a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA). In this regard, the ground plane modification using slots is proposed in this research to obtain a dual band antenna for WiMAX application. Â Â Â Popular optimization techniques, as genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO), were used to design the shape of the ground plane in order to improve the bandwidth and to achieve dual band antenna instead of single band antenna. Â Â The proposed method divides the overall ground plane into different cells. Through this technique it is possible to obtain a dual band antenna reduced by more than 50%, thereby reducing the overall ground plane. Â Â Both GA and PSO designs are provided. This new method shows many advantages over PIFA antenna in terms of performance and weight.

Design of A PIFA Antenna with Slots onGround to Improve Bandwidth

In this paper, a Planar Inverted F- Antenna (PIFA) is designed and simulated. Slots are introduced on the radiating patch. So the antenna is able to achieve dual band resonance. The patch and the ground are shortened using a shorting pin configuration. To increase the bandwidth of the antenna, slots are also introduced on the ground plane of the PIFA structure. The radiating patch is kept on one side of substrate and substrate used in FR4. The ground is on the other side of substrate and the height of antenna is 6mm. Also as the area occupied by the antenna is small it is a good candidate in mobile systems. The simulations are performed using HFSS software. For the design dual resonance is achieved. Resonant frequencies are at 900MHz and 1800MHz with acceptable return loss less than -10dB. The bandwidth achieved is wider and covers the band used by mobile systems for communication.

A novel extended edge-based compact PIFA antenna for mobile devices

In this paper, an optimized ultra-compact planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) is proposed. Planar inverted F antenna (PIFA) is most commonly used antenna in modern day Mobile devices. While electronics industry is starving for compactness in their design, the concept used in the proposed design further reduces size of antenna. The overall dimensions of proposed antenna are 14.94×16mm for 3G/4G standards. In proposed design 21.61% size reduction is reported in comparison to conventional rectangular patch PIFA designs. The concept can be further utilized in designing antenna for different standards by optimizing size for specific frequency. A fractal shape Patch shorted at one end is used in the proposed design. The fractal patch is extended 6.59mm above the ground plane. The comparison is performed between measurement of fabricated and simulated S11 for proposed antenna. The novelty of design is inherited in extension of edges of patch towards ground which enable further reduction in size of antenna. Parametric optimization of antenna is performed for calculation of extended edge dimensions. Return loss for fabricated antenna is measured using vector network analyzer. The results of fabricated antenna show good agreement with simulated results and calculations.

Wideband PIFA antenna for higher LTE band applications

This paper introduces a broadband planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) with U–Shaped capacitive feed technique for higher LTE band applications. The proposed antenna is based on a simple PIFA, where the capacitive feed plate, radiating plate and ground plate is modified into a U–Shaped such that the antenna can have wideband characteristics. With the use of the proposed feeding configuration, the antenna shows a very wide pattern and impedance bandwidth of about 81.6% for VSWR ≤ 2.0 from 1.66 GHz to 3.95 GHz which can cover the higher band of LTE (1.71GHz-3.8GHz), DCS 1800, DCS 1900, UCDMA, UMTS, IMT 2000, DMB, Wi-Fi, 2.4GHz, WiMAX (2.3–2.5 GHz), WiMAX (3.4–3.5 GHz) and Bluetooth applications.

Design of planar inverted‐F antenna over uniplanar EBG structure for laptop mimo applications

ABSTRACTThree uniplanar shapes of electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure as T‐shape, fractal shape, and interdigital capacitors are investigated for antenna applications. The proposed EBG shapes are etched on the ground plane of the planar inverted‐F antenna (PIFA) to improve the impedance bandwidth, reduce the antenna size, increase the gain, and improve radiation pattern. Next, two trapezoidal shaped slots are etched on the radiating plate of PIFA antenna to excite two resonant frequencies. The proposed antenna is designed to cover two narrow bands at GSM 1.8 GHz, upper WLAN 5.2 GHz and a wideband from 2.4 to 4 GHz. Effect of the laptop is investigated on the performance of the proposed antenna. Finally, the effect of these new EBG shapes on mutual coupling reduction between two pair of antennas is studied for multiple input multiple output application in laptop device. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:277–285, 2015

Performance Analysis of FICA and PIFA Antenna with LNA Co-Design

Smart Dust Wireless Sensor Networks (SDWSNs), which are the members of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) family play a vital role as the requirements on communication node sizes and power consumption have become more stringent. Several low volume antennas have been designed and Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) and antenna co-designs have been devised to increase the level of design integration and reduce the receiver noise. In this paper we simulate two such antennas namely F Inverted Compact Antenna (FICA) and Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA) and compare their results to obtain the design with better performance.

A Novel Methodology to Design Miniaturized Regular Planar Inverted-F Antennas Based on Parametric Simulations

This paper describes a novel methodology to design PIFA (Planar Inverted-F Antenna) antennas based on parametric simulations. The parameters considered in the parametric design are ground plan dimensions, height of radiating plate, feeding point position, shorting plate width and position. The choice of the parameters that must be varied independently or simultanously is important to design optimized antenna. The author studied two scenarios in precedent works [1,2]. He exposes here a third scenario of varing antenna parameters to design and simulate by HFSS (High Frequency Simulator Structure) simulator a probe-fed dual band PIFA for the use in GSM 850 band (824 MHz - 894 MHz) and PCS 1900 band (1850 MHz - 1990 MHz). The author compares the three scenarios and establishes a novel methodology to design optimized and miniaturized antennas mounted on mobile handsets.

Design and Simulation of a PIFA Antenna for the Use in 4G Mobile Telecommunications Networks

This paper describes the design and simulation by HFSS simulator of a probe-fed and multi-band Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) for the 4G mobile networks. The antenna works in 8 bands. Five bands are auctioned by FCC for 4G (LTE and WiMax) such 710 MHz, 1900 MHz (PCS), 2.3 GHz (WCS band), 3.65 GHz (rural 4G) and 5.8 GHz (FCC unlicensed band). The antenna allows working around 910 MHz ISM band. The GPS signal can be received in GPS L2 band around the frequency 1575 MHz. The antenna offers also a wideband around 8.62 GHz. The simulation allowed the characterization of the designed antenna and the computing of different antenna parameters like S11 parameters, resonant frequency, bandwidth, radiation efficiency, gain and diagram pattern. The results are very interesting and respect mostly the requirements.

Hybridized Genetic Algorithms in the Optimization of a PIFA Antenna Using Fitness Characterization and Clustering

With the exponential development of mobile communications and the miniaturization of radio frequency transceivers, the need for small and low profile antennas at mobile frequencies is constantly growing. Therefore, new antennas should be developed to provide both larger bandwidth and small dimensions. The aim of this project is to design and optimize the bandwidth of a Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) in order to achieve a larger bandwidth in the 2 GHz band. This paper presents an intelligent optimization technique using a hybridized Genetic Algorithms (GA) coupled with the intelligence of the Binary String Fitness Characterization (BSFC) technique. The optimization technique used is based on the Binary Coded GA (BCGA) and Real-Coded GA (RCGA). The process has been further enhanced by using a Clustering Algorithm to minimize the computational cost. Using the Hybridized GA with BSFC and Clustering, the bandwidth evaluation process has been observed to be more efficient combining both high performance and minimal computational cost. During the optimization process, the different PIFA models are evaluated using the finite-difference time domain (FDTD) method.

Hybrid BSCF Genetic Algorithms in the Optimization of a PIFA Antenna

With the exponential development of mobile communications and the miniaturization of radio frequency transceivers, the need for small and low profile antennas at mobile frequencies is constantly growing. Therefore, new antennas should be developed to provide both larger bandwidth and small dimensions. This paper presents an intelligent optimization technique using a hybridized Genetic Algorithms (GA) coupled with the intelligence of the Binary String Fitness Characterization (BSFC) technique. The aim of this project is to design and optimize the bandwidth of a Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) in order to achieve a larger bandwidth in the 2 GHz band. The optimization technique used is based on the Binary Coded GA (BCGA) and Real-Coded GA (RCGA). The optimization process has been enhanced by using a Clustering Algorithm to minimize the computational cost. During the optimization process, the different PIFA models are evaluated using the finite-difference time domain (FDTD) method.

Genetic algorithm for optimization of L-shaped PIFA antennas

Two new designs of the L-shaped Planar Inverted–F Antenna (PIFA) antennas with single and dual polarization operating at the frequency band for IEEE 802.11b/g standard with satisfactory radiation characteristics are presented. We further propose a genetic algorithm (GA) embedded in CST Microwave Studio for optimizing these antenna parameters. The agreement of simulation and measurement results shows the performance of our joint model. Also, they show that our dual-polarization antenna is suitable for indoor Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) wireless environment applications.

Low profile dual‐feed Planar Inverted‐F Antenna for wireless LAN applications

AbstractThis letter presents a new low profile dual‐feed Planar Inverted‐F Antenna (PIFA) suitable for wireless LAN applications. Pattern diversity is exploited using one common radiating plate and two isolated feeding ports. The isolation is successfully achieved mainly by modifying the ground plane under the radiating plate and producing an antiresonance between the ports. Thus, this single PIFA antenna can act as two separate antennas for diversity and MIMO applications with reduced space and cost. Simulated and measured results are obtained to verify the conclusion. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:1382–1386, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25958

Bandwidth enhancement techniques for planar inverted-F antenna

The planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) is widely used in mobile radio systems because of its excellent performance. However, it is not yet employed as an ultra wide band (UWB) antenna because of its perceived narrowband characteristics. This study introduces three techniques for enhancing the impedance bandwidth of PIFA, which are (i) changes in the widths of feed plate and shorting plate, (ii) addition of an inverted-L-shaped parasitic element and (iii) addition of a rectangular parasitic element. It is shown that PIFAs with a very wide fractional bandwidths (up to 110%) can be achieved. Using these techniques, an UWB PIFA antenna is designed, manufactured and tested. Simulated and measured results are provided to verify the conclusion.

A compact tri‐band PIFA antenna for WLAN and WiMAX applications

AbstractA tri‐band planar inverted‐F antenna (PIFA) for WLAN and WiMAX applications is proposed.By combining F‐T‐shaped slots in the radiating structure and using a trapezoidal feeding plate, three resonant modes are generated and impedance bandwidth of the antenna is enhanced. The fabricated radiation patch has a compact size of 25 × 11 × 8 mm3 with a rectangular ground plate of 26 × 40 mm2. For S11 less than −10 dB, the antenna operates at 2.45 GHz with a bandwidth of 170 MHz, and at 5.2 GHz with a bandwidth of 750 MHz for WLAN application, and at 5.75 GHz with a bandwidth of 540 MHz for WiMAX application. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52:919–922, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.25052

U-형 접지면 상에 배치된 평판형 역 F 안테나 구조를 이용한 휴대폰 단말기의 무선 성능 개선

본 논문에서는 GSM, DCS, PCS, WCDMA 대역을 지원하는 휴대폰 단말기의 무선 성능을 개선시키기 위한 PIFA(Planar Inverted-F Antenna) 구조와 접지면의 형태에 대해 연구하였다. 다중 공진을 유도하기 위해 안테나 방사체를 다수의 전류 경로를 가진 가지 구조로 설계한 후에 특정 방사체 아래쪽에 방사체와 유사한 모양의 접지면을 배치함으로써 안테나의 공진 특성과 방사 효율을 개선시켜 휴대폰 단말기의 무선 성능을 개선할 수 있는 설계 방법에 대해 제안한다. 실제 휴대폰 단말기를 통해 제안된 안테나와 접지면 구조에 대한 무선 성능을 측정한 결과, 적용 이전에 비해 GSM 대역의 TRP(Total Radiated Power)는 2.0 dB, TIS(Total Isotropic Sensitivity)는 3.7 dB 향상되었으며, DCS 대역 TRP와 TIS는 각각 2.2 dB, 2.0 dB가 향상되는 결과를 얻었다. 또한 PCS 대역 TRP, TIS는 0.8 dB, 1.5 dB 향상되었으며, WCDMA 대역 TRP, TIS는 1.3 dB, 0.7 dB 향상되었다. In this paper, we propose antenna topology and ground plane shape to improve the performance of PIFA (Planar Inverted F Antenna) which is built-in mobile phone. First, we designed the PIFA antenna consists of multiple radiators to provide multi-current paths. Then we designed U-shaped ground plane on the PCB under the antenna. The proposed antenna structure shows TRP/TIS improvement of 2.0 dB/3.7 dB for GSM and 2.2 dB/ 2.0 dB for DCS and 0.8 dB/1.5 dB for PCS and 1.3 dB/0.7 dB for WCDMA at the free space.

Dual-feed PIFA diversity antenna for wireless applications

A novel dual-feed planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) suitable for wireless diversity/MIMO applications is presented. By exploiting the pattern diversity, successful provision of two isolated feeding ports using one common radiating plate has been achieved. The main technique introduced is to etch the ground plane under the radiating plate to reduce the mutual coupling between the two ports. It is found that the envelope cross-correlation is less than 0.02 and the ratio of the mean effective gain between the two ports is close to unity. Thus, this new PIFA antenna can provide a better solution than two separate antennas for diversity and MIMO applications by saving space and cost. Simulated and measured results verify the conclusion.

Enhanced Gain Planar Inverted-F Antenna with Metamaterial Superstrate for UMTS Applications

Planar inverted-F antennas (PIFA) are widely used in wireless hand-held devices due to their small-size, moderate bandwidth and radiation patterns. However, the radiation patterns of such antennas degrade when placed very close to a conductive flnite ground plane. In this paper, an engineered magnetic superstrate is introduced to enhance the gain of PIFA antennas. The engineered magnetic superstrate is based on the broad-side coupled split ring resonator (SRR) inclusions which have high real permeability value at the resonance frequency of the antenna. Numerical full-wave simulations are performed to analyze the entire radiating system (antenna with superstrate). By using the magnetic superstrate, a 3.2dB improvement in the gain of the PIFA antenna working in the UMTS band was achieved. The total height of the proposed superstrate over the antenna is only ‚0=14 where ‚0 is the free-space wavelength at antenna's resonance frequency. Thus, the antenna structure remains low proflle, and is advantageous in cell-phone applications.

Soft Surfaces for Reducing Mutual Coupling Between Loaded PIFA Antennas

The use of planar soft surfaces to reduce mutual coupling in a new type of planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) is demonstrated in this work. The proposed antenna is dual-band, single-port, and quite compact, especially for the low frequency of operation. At that frequency band, the mutual coupling is more critical. With the purpose of decreasing this coupling, a solution based on soft surfaces made of simple printed strips with grounded vias is presented, achieving a simultaneous reduction on the mutual coupling level at the two bands of operation of the antenna. In this particular example, only two strips are used and a reduction on the coupling of more than 6 dB is experimentally verified for these two bands and for different distances between elements. The use of a multilayer substrate is a key aspect in the proposed design.