Management Plan Research Articles

Analysis of EA as an instrument for wetland protection: insights from the mining sector in western and northern Canada

ABSTRACT Environmental assessment (EA) is a primary tool for identifying and managing the impacts of development on wetlands. Despite the global presence of EA and wetland policies, wetlands continue to be lost. This paper examines how EA is being deployed to identify, assess, and mitigate impacts on wetlands. The focus is on the mining sector in western and northern Canada. A sample of 36 EAs for mining projects in British Columbia and Yukon, filed between 2010 and 2021, was analyzed to examine how wetlands were considered in the project description, baseline, impact analysis, mitigation, and management plans. Results indicate a narrow focus on the wetland area as a proxy for impacts and a dominant focus on direct impacts, indicating that the full extent of potential impacts on wetland functions is not captured; a tendency to prioritize mitigation of impacts on habitat with less attention to other wetland functions; a reliance on secondary sources versus field-based studies to identify impacts; and weak linkages between mitigations and impact predictions. Lessons emerging emphasize the need for improvements to foundational EA practices for wetland assessment and mitigation. Better practice is urgent considering the declining state of wetlands globally, coupled with an expanding mining sector.

The use of a percutaneous cystostomy tube as an adjunctive treatment option for dogs with idiopathic functional outflow tract obstruction.

Functional outflow tract obstruction (FOO) remains a challenging disease to manage in male dogs. Cystostomy tubes have been used to relieve urethral obstruction while allowing time to achieve effective medical management, avoiding the need for emergency visits and repeat urinary catheterizations. To describe a series of dogs with FOO and categorize the most successful management strategies including medical management alone or with the support of cystostomy tubes for urinary diversion. Twelve client-owned dogs with FOO were included. Medical records of dogs presented from August 2012 to September 2021 with a presumptive diagnosis of FOO were retrospectively reviewed and findings recorded. Seven dogs were managed with a cystostomy tube and 5/7 (71%) had a good-excellent outcome. Five dogs were managed without a tube and 1/5 (20%) had a good outcome. Eight dogs were refractory to medical management; 5 managed with a cystostomy tube and 3/5 (60%) had a good-excellent outcome; 3 managed without a cystostomy tube and 0/3 had a good or excellent outcome. Overall, dogs with cystostomy tubes had better outcomes but also had mild, moderate, and severe complications (100%, 71%, and 71%, respectively) reported. Most dogs that received a percutaneous cystostomy tube as part of their management plan had a good to excellent outcome, particularly when compared to those that did not, despite the high rate of tube-related complications. Percutaneous cystostomy tubes could be considered early during management for FOO to improve overall outcomes.

Deciphering the genotypic diversity and epidemiology of scrub typhus genotypes in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Scrub typhus is a significant cause of Acute Febrile Illness in India and presents a range of clinical manifestations influenced by the genotypes of the causative agent, Orientia tsutsugamushi. Understanding the distribution of these genotypes is crucial for public health planning, diagnostic accuracy, and vaccine development. In this systematic review, we analyzed 18 studies from an initial pool of 2013 records identified through database searches following PRISMA guidelines. The relevance of the findings to the genotype prevalence of Scrub typhus in India was taken into consideration throughout the selection process. Various genotyping methods, predominantly Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), were used in these studies to identify genotypes such as Karp, Gilliam, Kato, and others. The review revealed diverse prevalence rates of Scrub typhus genotypes across different Indian states. The Karp genotype is the most prevalent in India, with a pooled prevalence of 47%, followed by the Kato genotype at 40% and the Gilliam genotype at 28%. The Karp genotype showed significant variability, with prevalence rates ranging from 100% in Andhra Pradesh (2018) to 6.16% in Uttar Pradesh (2016-2017). The Kato genotype's presence varied significantly, with high prevalence in certain states like Karnataka and absence in others like Andhra Pradesh. The Gilliam genotype also displayed a unique distribution pattern, dominating in Uttar Pradesh with a prevalence of 93.8% in some years. Other genotypes like Boryong, IHS-II, Neimeng, Kuroki, TA763, and Kawasaki also showed varied prevalence across states. There was significant heterogeneity in the prevalence rates of different genotypes among studies, as indicated by I2 statistics. The diversity in Scrub typhus genotypes across India underscores the disease's complex epidemiology, presenting diagnostic challenges and opportunities for targeted public health interventions. For efficient disease management and control plans in India, it is imperative to understand the changing genetic landscape of scrub typhus through ongoing study and surveillance.

An EPQ inventory model with Weibull distribution, dynamic time-dependent holding cost under various demand pattern using Maclaurin series approximations

In this research study we present an advanced adaption of the economic and efficient optimized production model by integrating Weibull-distributed progressive degradation, dynamic holding costs, fluctuating demand, and strong strategies for effectively managing shortages and backlogs. The economic production quantity model aims to enhance production volumes and reduce total variable costs for commodities that have a near-term expiration date yet possess a prolonged shelf life due to delayed deterioration. The model characterizes inventories with three unique demand patterns by analytically solving ordinary differential equations through Maclaurin series approximations. It specifically addresses situations when product demand varies predictably over time and accounts for the probability of defective items during production. This model has significant implications for cognitive processes in the production of consumer goods, since it provides valuable insights into efficient inventory management and production planning. The paper employs two illustrations to substantiate the utility of the established model and utilizes sensitivity analysis to propose other subjects for exploration. This work proposes an enhanced economic and efficient optimized production (EPQ) model to tackle production faults, dynamic demand patterns, Weibull-distributed deterioration-related inventory management challenges. With these components, the model tries to maximize manufacturing quantities and lower total variable costs for products with near-term expiration dates. The model analytically solves the differential equations approximating inventory levels under three different demand patterns: constant, linear, and quadratic using Maclaurin series approximations. The model also addresses the likelihood of faults in produced goods throughout the production process.

Real-world safety of trastuzumab deruxtecan with gastric cancer: All-patient post-marketing surveillance study in Japan.

399 Background: Interstitial lung disease and pneumonitis (ILD/p) is an important identified risk in the Japanese risk management plan of trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd). In Japan, an all-patient post-marketing surveillance (PMS) study was conducted to investigate the incidence of ILD/p and factors associated with its development among patients with gastric cancer treated with T-DXd in the real-world setting. Methods: This is an observational, multicenter, PMS study (jRCT2001200001) with an observation period of 12 months that enrolled all patients who initiated T-DXd treatment for HER2-positive unresectable advanced or recurrent gastric cancer between Sep 2020 and Dec 2021. All suspected ILD/p events reported by physicians were adjudicated by an independent ILD adjudication committee; events adjudicated as drug-related ILD/p were summarized. The factors associated with the development of adjudicated drug-related ILD/p were investigated using a Cox proportional hazards model. Effectiveness endpoints included best overall response rate according to the RECIST 1.1 and overall survival, which was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results: The safety analysis set included 1070 patients (77.4% male, 89.9% ECOG performance status ≤1) with median age of 70 years (range: 23-100). Median initial dose and treatment duration of T-DXd were 6.4 mg/kg (range: 3.1-6.4) and 3.9 months (range: 0.7-12.0), respectively.The incidence of any grade, grade ≥3, and grade 5 adjudicated drug-related ILD/p were 9.6% (n=103), 2.8% (n=30) and 1.2% (n=13), respectively. Within 24 weeks from onset, 73.8% of adjudicated drug-related ILD/p had resolved, were resolving, or resolved with sequelae.A multivariate analysis identified that medical history and/or comorbidity of ILD/p [hazard ratio (HR) = 3.372, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.431, 7.840], radiation pneumonitis (HR = 8.523, 95% CI: 2.006, 36.215), COPD or emphysema (HR = 1.962, 95% CI: 1.032, 3.731) and age ≥75 years (HR = 1.648, 95% CI: 1.058, 2.567) were factors of interest associated with the development of ILD/p in patients with gastric cancer. The overall response rate at 12 months post-treatment initiation of T-DXd was 34.2%. Overall survival after 364 days post-treatment initiation of T-DXd was 43.8% (median survival time: 303.0 days). Conclusions: The results suggest that the risk of ILD/p in this PMS study does not differ from that in the Destiny Gastric-01 study, and no new safety concerns were identified. Medical history and/or comorbidity of ILD/p, radiation pneumonitis, COPD or emphysema and age ≥75 years were identified as factors of interest associated with the development of ILD/p in patients with gastric cancer. Further investigation into the identified factors of interest may offer insights into the development of ILD/p among T-DXd treated gastric cancer patients in Japan. Clinical trial information: jRCT2001200001.

Fluoride and nitrate contamination in groundwater of Naini Industrial Area, Uttar Pradesh: assessing non-carcinogenic human health risk

Groundwater is the main source of drinking water globally; however, its quality has been deteriorated due to various geogenic and anthropogenic activities. The groundwater quality of Naini Industrial Area, Prayagraj was studied seasonally to evaluate the fluoride and nitrate contamination pertaining to human health risk assessment. The samples were collected from 60 locations in the pre- monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon season. The fluoride and nitrate were assessed with the help of Ion chromatography. The NO3– concentration exceeded the Indian drinking water quality standards in 27% of the groundwater samples. The NO₃⁻ contamination is predominantly associated with agricultural practices, while F⁻ can be linked to natural geological sources. The non-carcinogenic human health risk assessment was quantified by calculating the Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Hazard Index (HI) were calculated as per USEPA methodology for male, female and child population. The findings indicate that the child population is particularly susceptible to health risks associated with the ingestion of F– and NO₃⁻ through the drinking water pathway. Across all the sampled sites, the Hazard Index (HI) values varied from 0.10 to 12.3 for males, 0.09 to 10.6 for females, and 0.16 to 19.7 for children suggesting substantial risk to the local populace at more than half of the locations which is largely related to nitrate contamination. Thus, the study suggests that groundwater at many locations is unsuitable for drinking without treatment pertaining to the probable health risk they pose to consumers advocating upgraded water management plan for the residents.

Forecasting interannual abundance of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

Corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea Boddie (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a common herbivore that causes economic damage to agronomic and specialty crops across North America. The interannual abundance of H. zea is closely linked to climactic variables that influence overwintering survival, as well as within-season host plant availability that drives generational population increases. Although the abiotic and biotic drivers of H. zea populations have been well documented, prior temporal H. zea modeling studies have largely focused on mechanistic/simulation approaches, long term distribution characterization, or degree day-based phenology within the growing season. While these modeling approaches provide insight into H. zea population ecology, growers remain interested in approaches that forecast the interannual magnitude of moth flights which is a key knowledge gap limiting early warning before crops are planted. Our study used trap data from 48 site-by-year combinations distributed across North Carolina between 2008 and 2021 to forecast H. zea abundance in advance of the growing season. To do this, meteorological data from weather stations were combined with crop and soil data to create predictor variables for a random forest H. zea forecasting model. Overall model performance was strong (R2 = 0.92, RMSE = 350) and demonstrates a first step toward development of contemporary model-based forecasting tools that enable proactive approaches in support of integrated pest management plans. Similar methods could be applied at a larger spatial extent by leveraging national gridded climate and crop data paired with trap counts to expand forecasting models throughout the H. zea overwintering range.

Active vaccine safety surveillance in low- and middle-income countries: Challenges for vaccine manufacturers from emerging countries.

Developing Countries Vaccine Manufacturers Network (DCVMN) is an alliance of vaccine developers, manufacturers, and marketing authorization holders (MAHs) from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) that plays a vital role in ensuring equitable, inclusive, accountable, and timely access to affordable, high-quality vaccines in these countries. Besides research and development, this network promotes manufacturing and global supply chains for effective strengthening of regulatory and pharmacovigilance activities. Traditionally, vaccine safety surveillance systems in LMICs rely on spontaneous reporting. However, especially in resource-limited settings, robust passive surveillance is lacking, and active vaccine safety surveillance (AVSS) can complement passive surveillance by actively collecting adverse events at sentinel sites or via formally designed observational (non-interventional) studies. The rapid introduction of novel vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic with rather limited safety information at deployment accelerated the need for comprehensive AVSS in LMICs to detect potential safety concerns that may not have been identified in pre-licensure trials. In this context, national regulatory agencies (NRAs) and the World Health Organization (WHO) prequalification team requested risk management plans (RMPs) in line with Pharmacovigilance Planning guideline. The submitted RMPs contained the companies' commitments to pharmacovigilance activities encompassing both post-approval routine surveillance (passive) and additional active surveillance activities. These AVSS activities were either committed voluntarily by the manufacturers/MAHs or imposed by the NRA/WHO prequalification in case of important identified or potential risks, or important missing information. Unlike passive surveillance, AVSS relies on various epidemiological methodologies that require resources and expertise. DCVMN initiated a "learn-by-doing" project to support manufacturers/MAHs in performing AVSS. This project focused on improving the understanding of AVSS and its tools, investigated the support needs, opportunities, challenges, and barriers to performing AVSS activities in LMICs, and proposed solutions that could be used to mitigate the main challenges in performing AVSS activities in these countries.

Exploring the acceptability of a risk prediction tool for cardiometabolic risk (gestational diabetes and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy) for use in early pregnancy: A qualitative study.

The acceptability of providing women with personalised cardiometabolic risk information using risk prediction tools early in pregnancy is not well understood. To explore women's and healthcare professionals' perspectives of the acceptability of a prognostic, composite risk prediction tool for cardiometabolic risk (gestational diabetes and/or hypertensive disorders of pregnancy) for use in early pregnancy. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore the acceptability of cardiometabolic risk prediction tools, preferences for risk communication and considerations for implementation into antenatal care. The Theoretical Framework of Acceptability informed interview questions. Transcripts were thematically analysed. Women ≤24 weeks' gestation (n = 13) and healthcare professionals (n = 8), including midwives (n = 2), general practitioners (n = 2), obstetricians (n = 2), an endocrinologist (n = 1) and cardiologist (n = 1) participated. Participants indicated that providing personalised risk information is only appropriate when preventative measures can be initiated to mitigate risks. Differentiating the risk for each condition (single risk outputs) was often preferred to composite risk outputs to enable targeted monitoring and management. Defining conditions and risks to mother/baby, visually depicting personalised risk scores, and providing clear, patient-centred clinical management plans were recommended. Supportive clinical policy changes, staff engagement/training, and integration into electronic health records were suggested to facilitate uptake into routine antenatal care. Women and healthcare professionals suggested that early pregnancy cardiometabolic risk prediction tools may be acceptable when preventative interventions are available to reduce risks. Risk prediction tools with integrated patient-centred education materials may promote timely access and engagement with preventative interventions to optimise women's current and future health.

Investigating the Effectiveness of Coal-Fired Power Plant Operations: Management, Technical and Air Pollution Aspects

Coal-fired energy has been a major part of Malaysia's power supply, causing environmental pollution and slowing sustainable growth. To address these issues, we evaluated a coal-fired power plant's efficiency using a questionnaire completed by industry experts. This study seeks to find factors affecting coal-fired power generation efficiency and create a statistical model. The questionnaire covered five areas: best management practices, technology efficiency, cost efficiency, fuel efficiency, air pollution control, and the best available technique. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to simplify large data sets. The results showed that 15 principal components were valid, with a KMO value of 0.836 (greater than 0.50) and a Bartlett Test value below 0.05. The results show a strong correlation between the best available technique and various indicators: best management practice (r=0.614, p<0.01), technology efficiency (r=0.719, p<0.01), cost efficiency (r=0.529, p<0.05), fuel efficiency (r=0.662, p<0.01), and air pollution control efficiency (r=-0.752, p<0.01). The model indicates that verifying the standard operating procedure (SOP) is crucial for improving power generation efficiency and reducing human error (R²=0.914). This study pinpoints issues reducing power plant efficiency, particularly regarding emissions, and shows that the regression model is strong (R² = 0.916–0.647). It will assist policymakers and researchers in creating sustainable environmental management plans. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-01-06 Full Text: PDF

Navigating AAMI ST108 Water Quality Requirements for Safe Processing of Medical Devices.

Water quality plays a critical role in health care, particularly in the processing of medical devices. This article highlights the infection control risks associated with water sources and the regulatory requirements for water management plans in health care facilities. The guidance on water quality has evolved from the initial technical information report provided by the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation in 2014 to the more recent 2023 publication of the American National Standards Institute and Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation standard for water used in medical device processing. The new standard emphasizes the importance of consistent water and steam quality in instrument processing and outlines the chemical and microbiological parameters for water quality. This article also addresses the challenges of implementing these standards, discusses the implications for patient safety and instrument integrity, and provides strategies for health care teams to ensure compliance.

Legal aspects for the conservation of rural built heritage: a systematic literature review

PurposeThis study aims to provide a base for the policy-making process of rural built heritage conservation by systematically analysing existing legal aspects and policies in the literature. The primary objective is to help the policy-making process in countries that lack specific guidelines for the conservation of rural built heritage. It is also intended to play a role in the development of existing policies.Design/methodology/approachThe paper undertakes a comprehensive and systematic review of literature through 81 publications pertaining to the legal dimensions of RBH conservation. It processes the data obtained and presents it as bibliometric information utilizing VOS-viewer and Bibliometrix. The literature review results and data are associated with international regulations and documents. As a result, principles that will be helpful to the policy-making process are produced.FindingsThe study reveals that interest in the subject has increased since 2018, mainly due to the influence of international charters, documents and developments in the field. The literature review shows that existing laws address the issue broadly rather than focusing directly on RBH. However, current policies, management plans and recommendations referred to in the literature are more closely related to RBH. Nonetheless, notable provisions in laws, international documents and local policies contribute to generating policy principles on the subject.Originality/valueThe study fills a gap in the literature by examining RBH conservation from a legal perspective, systematically presenting the relevant literature to researchers, policymakers and other stakeholders in various contexts.

Digital capabilities of SMEs: driving the Industry 4.0 revolution and measuring its innovative effects

PurposeThis study developed a theoretical model to test the relationship between digital capability and Industry 4.0 (I4.0) and its effect on innovation performance in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).Design/methodology/approachThe proposed theoretical model was evaluated using partial least-squares structural equation modeling and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis. The data were obtained from a sample of 536 SMEs in Chile.FindingsThe proposed model presented two dimensions of digital capability: management and information and communication technologies (ICTs). Management models composed of enterprise resource planning and customer relationship management systems are essential for optimizing organizational management. Meanwhile, ICTs facilitate the smooth flow of information within an organization, leading to improved efficiency in production processes. I4.0 is encouraged by exposing SMEs to base technologies such as data analytics. These results confirm that I4.0 influences innovation performance.Practical implicationsSME managers should encourage the development of digital capabilities to transition toward I4.0, as this can make SMEs more competitive and innovative in changing and dynamic scenarios.Social implicationsI4.0 adoption and the development of digital capabilities can directly affect employment and national economic growth.Originality/valueMost studies focus on the organizational factors affecting SMEs’ I4.0 adoption. They do not, however, address the role played by current digital capability in I4.0 technology adoption and its effect on firms’ innovation performance.

Achondroplasia Status and Adverse Short-Term Postoperative Outcomes in Elective Spinal Decompression Surgery: A Propensity Score-Matched Case-Control Study.

Achondroplasia is the most common form of skeletal dysplasia, affecting approximately 1 in 25,000 individuals in the US. Previous research suggests that achondroplasia patients undergoing spine surgery have worse postoperative outcomes. Most of these findings are based on small, single-center retrospective studies and describe the impact of achondroplasia status on only one or two outcomes. We sought to assess the association between achondroplasia and a comprehensive battery of postoperative care outcomes in a national cohort. The Merative™ Marketscan® Commercial Database and the accompanying Medicare Supplement were queried for adult patients diagnosed with achondroplasia who underwent elective thoracic/thoracolumbar or lumbar decompression +/- fusion surgery between 2006 and 2023. Propensity score matching was used to identify an equal number of age and sex-matched controls without achondroplasia. Outcomes of interest were length of hospital stay, non-home discharge disposition, 90-day readmission and postoperative medical or surgical complications. Bivariate analyses were conducted to examine the distribution of baseline characteristics based on achondroplasia status. Multivariate regression was employed to assess the association between achondroplasia status and short-term postoperative outcomes. Overall, 111 achondroplasia cases and an equal number of age- and sex-matched controls were included. Compared to controls, those with achondroplasia were more likely to have a longer length of hospital stay (B-coefficient=3.34, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]=1.00-4.70), non-home discharge (odds ratio [OR]=20.51, [5.78-72.73]) and a higher complication rate (OR = 3.63, [1.49-8.87]). The association between achondroplasia status and 90-day readmission did not reach statistical significance (p=0.48). Patients with achondroplasia undergoing spinal surgery experience worse overall short-term postoperative outcomes compared to their age- and sex-matched counterparts. Patient-specific factors may contribute to the higher complication rates observed. While the presence of achondroplasia is unchangeable, surgeons should be prepared for increased risks in their management plans. These findings highlight the need for tailored preoperative assessments and enhanced postoperative strategies to improve outcomes in this vulnerable population.

The role of SAC planning in financial services: Risk management and strategic financial planning

SAP Analytics Cloud (SAC) planning has emerged as a transformative force in modern financial services, fundamentally reshaping how institutions approach risk management, financial forecasting, and regulatory compliance. This technical article explores the evolution of SAC systems, examining their impact on core banking operations, societal implications, and future trajectory. SAC's integration with artificial intelligence and machine learning has enhanced forecasting accuracy, risk assessment capabilities, and ESG monitoring. The platform's implementation has revolutionized financial inclusion initiatives and sustainable finance adoption across emerging markets. The results demonstrate SAC's significant contributions to operational efficiency, regulatory compliance, and customer satisfaction while enabling financial institutions to address emerging challenges in an increasingly complex market environment.

Analysis of Delirium Risk Assessment Tools for Prediction of Postoperative Delirium Following Lumbar Spinal Fusion.

Retrospective cohort study. Evaluate the utility of Delirium Risk Assessment Score (DRAS), Delirium Risk Assessment Tool (DRAT), and Delirium Elderly At-Risk (DEAR) in patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusions. Surgical interventions can place patients at risk for postoperative delirium (POD), an acute and often severe cognitive impairment associated with poor outcomes. However, common risk assessment tools have not been validated in patients undergoing spine surgery. Adults who underwent posterior lumbar fusion were queried using PearlDiver. Baseline demographics, comorbidities, and delirium occurrence within 7 days of surgery were extracted. Delirium risk scores were calculated using DRAS (15 points total; threshold 5 points), DRAT (8 points total; threshold 3 points), and DEAR (5 points total; threshold 2 points) scales. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated, and optimal risk scores maximizing Youden's Index were established for each measure. Among 37,119 patients, 70 patients (0.2%) developed POD. The mean age was 60.1y, 56.6% were female, and mean Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was 2.1. POD patients had lower mean age and percent female sex, but higher mean CCI and percent medical comorbidities (all P<0.05). ROC curve analyses revealed that a DRAS score of 5 (Sensitivity=62.9%, Specificity=63.9%), DRAT score of 3 (Sensitivity=31.4%, Specificity=81.0%), and DEAR score of 2 (Sensitivity=40.0%, Specificity=82.9%) maximized the Youden's Index value. Patients above these thresholds were 6.0, 2.0, and 3.2 times more likely to develop POD after posterior lumbar fusion, respectively. Delirium risk assessments tools were found to be useful in stratifying patients at high risk of POD following posterior lumbar fusion. Specifically, patients above the pre-defined thresholds were 2 to 6 times more likely to develop delirium postoperatively. Careful stratification of patients' risk of delirium using highly sensitive and specific tools like DRAS may guide preoperative surgical planning and postoperative management plans. IV.

Multispecies fisheries management of the Sultanate of Oman using bioeconomic model.

A bioeconomic analysis using the Gordon-Schafer surplus production model was conducted on Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta), Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), Kingfish (Scomberomorus commerson), and Indian Oil Sardine (Sardinella longiceps) based on data from the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, Wealth, and Water Resources of Oman from 1990 to 2020. The alignment of biological and economic yields with the ideal fishing efforts needed to attain maximum sustainable yield (MSY) and maximum economic yield (MEY) was considered in order to evaluate the economic efficiency of existing fisheries management. The long-term sustainability of Oman's fisheries is improved by this analysis, which identifies inefficiencies in resource use and suggests viable remedies. Rastrelliger kanagurta exhibited the highest growth rate (r=0.260), with similar catchability coefficients (q) between R. kanagurta (2.18E-05) and S. commerson (2.93E-05), and T. albacares (8.48E-06) and S. longiceps (8.41E-06). Optimal fishing effort was calculated using the catch per unit effort (CPUE) hypothesis. The effort to achieve maximum sustainable yield (EMSY) for R. kanagurta, T. albacares, S. commerson, and S. longiceps were estimated at 5982, 6614, 2222, and 6913, respectively. The harvest limit to achieve maximum economic yield (HMEY) was 9987.41 tons for R. kanagurta, 12928.77 tons for T. albacares, 2267.75 tons for S. commerson, and 135490.31 tons for S. longiceps. A discount rate of 10-20% was suggested for long-term expansion. The findings aim to guide policymakers in designing sustainable management plans for Oman's fisheries. Stricter fishing rules and the use of industry taxes to control effort levels are two of the study's recommended remedies for overfishing. The objective of these strategies is to maintain long-term sustainability while balancing biological and economic returns, under the supervision of both public and private sector entities.

Patterns of microbial contamination on Northumberland Strait shores.

The re-emergence of episodic faecal contamination of Parlee and Murray Corner beaches, on the Northumberland Strait of New Brunswick, Canada, in 2017, raised renewed community concerns on the health, environmental and tourism sustainability of these community resources, and led to creation of an Integrated Watershed Management Plan for the Shediac Bay Watershed (October 2021). In response we have to date compiled, curated and made accessible 205,772 microbial water quality data records spanning over 80 years from Southeastern New Brunswick and the Northumberland Strait. This dataset derives in large part from Shellfish Surveys completed by Environment and Climate Change Canada, along with data generated by multiple government agencies, Non-Governmental Organizations and citizen science sources. Records derived from these multiple sources are now deposited in the Gordon Foundation's DataStream (https://atlanticdatastream.ca), an open access common platform for sharing structured information on fresh and marine water health, delivered on a pan-Canadian scale, in collaboration with regional monitoring networks. We herein outline our data assembly, curation and deposition, along with preliminary analyses of contamination patterns at three representative sites on the Northumberland Strait coast of New Brunswick. Our results suggest that cumulative rainfall over 48 h is useful in predicting contamination risk at the developed Parlee Beach, and thereby demonstrate how open data can be used to inform policy and management decisions.

Perioperative Pain Management in Patients With Cancer-Related Pain: A Narrative Review.

The number of cancer patients, cancer survivors, and cancer surgeries is expected to continue to grow and anesthesiologists will benefit from having a framework on how to approach treating perioperative pain in the oncologic population. This article presents general considerations for formulating a perioperative pain management plan including cancer-specific contraindications for epidurals and nerve blocks, common procedures for pain after thoracic and abdominal surgeries, and alternative pain management techniques.

Determining the incidence, risk factors and biological drivers of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) as part of the constellation of postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) outcomes in the Arizona CoVHORT-GI: a longitudinal cohort study

IntroductionPostacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) are extensive. Also known as long COVID, primary outcomes reported are neurologic, cardiac and respiratory in nature. However, several studies have also reported an...