Placement Status Research Articles

Signal Quality in Continuous Transcutaneous Bilirubinometry.

Bilirubin is a product of the metabolism of hemoglobin from red blood cells. Higher levels of bilirubin are a sign that either there is an unusual breaking down rate of red blood cells or the liver is not able to eliminate bilirubin, through bile, into the gastrointestinal tract. For adults, bilirubin is occasionally monitored through urine or invasive blood sampling, whilst all newborns are routinely monitored visually, or non-invasively with transcutaneous measurements (TcBs), due to their biological immaturity to conjugate bilirubin. Neonatal jaundice is a common condition, with higher levels of unconjugated bilirubin concentration having neurotoxic effects. Actual devices used in TcBs are focused on newborn populations, are hand-held, and, in some cases, operate in only two wavelengths, which does not necessarily guarantee reliable results over all skin tones. The same occurs with visual inspections. Based on that, a continuous bilirubin monitoring device for newborns is being developed to overcome visual inspection errors and to reduce invasive procedures. This device, operating optically with a mini-spectrometer in the visible range, is susceptible to patient movements and, consequently, to situations with a lower signal quality for reliable bilirubin concentration estimates on different types of skin. Therefore, as an intermediate development step and, based on skin spectra measurements from adults, this work addresses the device's placement status prediction as a signal quality indication index. This was implemented by using machine learning (ML), with the best performances being achieved by support vector machine (SVM) models, based on the spectra acquired on the arm and forehead areas.

Placement Wizard (Recruitment Made Easier using Statistics)

The recruitment process for jobs is often challenging and time consuming. It entails multiple stages, including screening resumes, conducting interviews, and assessing candidates through tests. Recently, machine learning algorithms have gained popularity in the recruitment process as they can predict the likelihood of a candidate's placement based on various factors. In this study, we aimed to develop and compare three machine learning algorithms, including LR, DT, NB, KNN & PCA for predicting the placement status of students in a job recruitment process

Developing intelligent hybrid DNN model for predicting students’ employability – A Machine Learning approach

The employability of students is an important concern for colleges nowadays, and forecasting it can assist institutions take prompt action to improve the institutional placement ratio. The most effective data mining methods for forecasting students' employability are categorization methods. Students can concentrate on areas where they need to improve to better match the company's skill set by being aware of their deficiencies prior to an interview. Also, forecasting student employability might assist academic staff in developing curricular plans. In order for kids, parents, guardians, organisations, and businesses to profit to some extent, this report offered a fresh, futuristic roadmap. Out of seven trials, the first five were carried out using in-depth statistical calculations, while the latter two were carried out using supervised machine learning techniques. On just one extreme, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) had the highest accuracy rate of 93% when it related to forecasting employment status. The Random Forest (RF), on the other hand, was able to identify the gender of placed kids with a maximum accuracy of 89%. It is also advised to determine the placement of gender and placement status using a number of key criteria. A statistical t-test with a significance threshold of 0.05 demonstrated that the student’s gender had no impact on the pay that was provided during job placement.

A comprehensive investigation of wetting distribution pattern on sloping lands under drip irrigation: A new gradient boosting multi-filtering-based deep learning approach

Accurate estimation of the wetting distribution pattern (WDP) around the emitters of a drip irrigation system in sloping lands can minimize surface runoff losses by determining the placement status of plants and emitters. In this study, both experimental and computational efforts were made to estimate the WDP in sloping lands with drip irrigation. 486 sets of laboratory experiments were conducted and a series of soil characteristics data were collected. Particularly, the upstream wetting radius (R−), downstream wetting radius (R+), and wetting depth (D) were measured and further used as the target variables of three modeling scenarios. In the modeling effort, a new hybrid framework, consisting of a light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM) and best subset regression (BSR) integrated with bidirectional recurrent neural network (Bi-RNN), was developed for precise simulation of WDP. The main model (i.e., Bi-RNN) was compared with the Elman recurrent neural network (ERNN) and bagging regression tree (BGRT) in the advanced multi-filtering framework for all the scenarios. In the first stage, the LightGBM tree-based feature selection filtered the significant predictors in each scenario. In the second stage, the three best possible input combinations using the N predictors selected in the first stage were extracted among 2N possible combinations via the BSR strategy. The performances of the models were evaluated by using different statistical metrics. It was demonstrated that Bi-RNN achieved the highest accuracy in all the hybrid models for the three scenarios, followed by the ERNN and BGRT models. Also, a resampling bootstrap-based uncertainty analysis proved that the developed multistage-filtering strategy before the deep learning model feeding decreased the uncertainty associated with input combination effects. By determining the placement status of plants and emitters, the proposed framework can effectively reduce surface runoff losses.

PITFALLS OF PERCUTANEOUS TRACHEOSTOMY PLACEMENT

PITFALLS OF PERCUTANEOUS TRACHEOSTOMY PLACEMENT

Using a Workplace Rehabilitation and Reintegration Program Tracker Tool to Explore Factors Associated With Return to Duty Among Ill/Injured Military Personnel: A Preliminary Analysis.

A great deal of time and resources have been spent on developing and implementing evidence-based return to work programs over the past few decades, compelling researchers to better understand the factors associated with more favorable outcomes. Using data collected as part of a participant tracking system trial for the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) Return to Duty (RTD) program, analyses were conducted to better understand the trajectories of program participants and identify the factors associated with RTD. Participants included 205 Regular Force CAF members from a single military base located in Eastern Canada who entered the RTD program during the trial period between April 2018 and March 2020. The health condition they were facing was mostly recent (i.e., onset within the past 6 months; 43%) and involved their mental health (67%). Data were collected on various demographic, military, health, and program characteristics using the RTD Data Collection Tool, which was updated periodically by program coordinators. Using data gathered by the Tool, a cumulative incidence function was generated to estimate the overall marginal probability of RTD over the duration of the program. Associations between RTD and a range of factors that were captured using the Tool were also examined in a series of competing-risks regressions. Findings indicated that the rate of RTD among program participants increased at around 3 months and began to level off around 9 months, suggesting that the likelihood of RTD after this window is diminished. Of the many factors that were considered, only years of service and work placement status at 3 months were found to be associated with RTD. Specifically, lower rates of RTD were observed among participants with 15 or more years of service compared to those with less than 5 years of service in the CAF and among those who were not yet assigned a work placement at 3 months relative to those who were. This study represents a first step in addressing the gap in our current knowledge about the characteristics of CAF members participating in the RTD program and the factors associated with RTD. Several recommendations are made for improving the participant tracking system in view of enhancing the level and quality of information that is available to assess participants' trajectories and inform further development of the program.

Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander children in foster care: A descriptive study of an overlooked child welfare population

To date, little to nothing is known about Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (NHPI) children in foster care although they are overrepresented in some of the child welfare systems in the United States and experience challenges stemming from structural colonialism and displacement. To highlight this often-overlooked population in child welfare research, the current study applied an indigenous model to understand who the NHPI children are in foster care by descriptively examining their sociodemographic, family of origin, geographic characteristics, as well as their placement status with relatives or foster parents who identify as NHPI. Data came from the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis Reporting System with a focus on the 2018 entry cohort (N = 763). One-way analysis of variance and chi-square analysis were used. Results showed that NHPI children in foster care were school-aged, most commonly entered foster care due to neglect, and were most likely to be placed with relatives. Non-relative foster parents were more likely than relative foster parents to care for NHPI children with disabilities, sexual abuse histories, and parental incarceration. Within non-relative foster families, those where at least one foster parent identified as NHPI were more likely to care for NHPI children with behavior problems or parental illness, compared to non-relative foster families where no foster parent identified as NHPI. NHPI children in relative foster families experienced the least placement disruptions, but relative foster families tended to be more socioeconomically disadvantaged and a smaller proportion of them received monthly foster care payments than non-relative foster families. The results suggest that child welfare practitioners and policymakers should prioritize financially supporting relatives as part of ensuring NHPI children’s wellbeing and preserving their connections to family and culture.

Substance use and other factors associated with child welfare case duration: Looking beyond out of home care

AbstractLittle is known about factors associated with child welfare case duration. Understanding factors associated with case duration may help stakeholders make more informed decisions about funding and service allocation and improve compliance with federal law. This study had two research questions: (1) What factors are associated with child welfare case duration? And (2) Do factors differ depending on whether children were placed exclusively with parents or with others (e.g. relatives and foster care) during the case? The study sample consisted of families (N = 874) with co‐occurring child maltreatment and substance use in one midwestern state in the United States between 2007 and 2016. Linear regression models were used to identify correlates of case duration while controlling for child placement status. Overall, having a child under 1 year of age, benzodiazepine use, methamphetamine use and injection drug use were all associated with longer case duration, whereas marijuana use with no other substance use was associated with shorter case duration. Additionally, factors associated with case duration differed based on child placement status during the case. These findings suggest important heterogeneity in families involved with child welfare services and may allow for proactive mitigation of cases at greater risk.

Abstract TMP62: Carotid Web Stenting Is Comparable To Atherosclerotic Stenting With Lower Procedural Risk

Introduction: Carotid Web (CaW) is an underrecognized etiology for ischemic stroke. This entity has been shown to be amenable to endovascular stenting, similar to carotid atherosclerotic stenosis (CAS). We aimed to assess procedural characteristics of stenting for CaW as compared to CAS. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of patients at a single comprehensive stroke center from October 2014 to March 2021 who had undergone endovascular stent placement for symptomatic CAS or CaW. Patients who received other intervention (e.g. thrombectomy, aneurysm repair) on the same day as stent placement were excluded. Baseline patient characteristics, procedural data, periprocedural complications, and follow-up statistics were analyzed. Results: In total, 105 patients underwent stent placement status post ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack; 79 patients had CAS and 26 patients had CaW. Patients with CAS were older on average (CAS 63 vs CAS 53.5 years, p < 0.001 ) and less likely to be female (OR 0.116; 95% CI 0.041 to 0.326, p <0.001). CAS patients were more likely to have vascular risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and Diabetes ( Table ). Radiation, need for angioplasty, and filter time were significantly lower in CaW procedures. No significant difference was found between the two pathologies in periprocedural complications such as hypotension, need for vasopressors, or bradycardia. However, post-procedural restenosis only occurred in CAS stents. Conclusion: Stenting for CaW is comparable to stenting for CAS in terms of vasovagal side effects, but associated with lower filter times, lower radiation dose, lower need for angioplasty, and lower rates of restenosis.

Placement Prediction System

Placement prediction system is a useful software for managers and students. An educational institution contains student records which is a wealth of information but is very large one person analyzes complete student records. To find out the placement status of each student at institution is a tedious task. Therefore, the limit of the system includes the use of time, which is minimal efficient and with little user satisfaction. The project implementation prediction plan predicts the reader placement using a variety of machine learning methods such as merging methods, regression strategies, decision solution etc. Based on student schools with the ability to measure, English skill, logical ability, technical personality testing. Improved model used predict the placement of students in the training and placement office (TPO)

Computational Statistics and Machine Learning Techniques for Effective Decision Making on Student’s Employment for Real-Time

The present study accentuated a hybrid approach to evaluate the impact, association and discrepancies of demographic characteristics on a student’s job placement. The present study extracted several significant academic features that determine the Master of Business Administration (MBA) student placement and confirm the placed gender. This paper recommended a novel futuristic roadmap for students, parents, guardians, institutions, and companies to benefit at a certain level. Out of seven experiments, the first five experiments were conducted with deep statistical computations, and the last two experiments were performed with supervised machine learning approaches. On the one hand, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) outperformed others with the uppermost accuracy of 90% to predict the employment status. On the other hand, the Random Forest (RF) attained a maximum accuracy of 88% to recognize the gender of placed students. Further, several significant features are also recommended to identify the placement of gender and placement status. A statistical t-test at 0.05 significance level proved that the student’s gender did not influence their offered salary during job placement and MBA specializations Marketing and Finance (Mkt&Fin) and Marketing and Human Resource (Mkt&HR) (p > 0.05). Additionally, the result of the t-test also showed that gender did not affect student’s placement test percentage scores (p > 0.05) and degree streams such as Science and Technology (Sci&Tech), Commerce and Management (Comm&Mgmt). Others did not affect the offered salary (p > 0.05). Further, the χ2 test revealed a significant association between a student’s course specialization and student’s placement status (p < 0.05). It also proved that there is no significant association between a student’s degree and placement status (p > 0.05). The current study recommended automatic placement prediction with demographic impact identification for the higher educational universities and institutions that will help human communities (students, teachers, parents, institutions) to prepare for the future accordingly.

Risk of preterm birth and neonatal outcomes after cerclage placement in triplet pregnancies

Background The number of triplet pregnancies in the United States has increased significantly. Perinatal morbidity and mortality are higher in these pregnancies mainly due to higher preterm birth rates. Interventions to decrease the risk of preterm delivery in this population are needed. Evidence regarding cerclage placement in triplets is limited. We performed a population-based, retrospective cohort study to study the risk of preterm birth and neonatal outcomes after cerclage placement in triplet pregnancies. Methods All U.S. triplet deliveries from 2006 to 2013 with risk factors for cervical insufficiency were selected, excluding cases with indicated preterm delivery. Cases were categorized according to cerclage placement status. The risk of preterm birth and adverse neonatal outcomes were calculated using propensity score analysis, generalized linear, and logistic regression models. Results From ∼33 million deliveries, 43,000 were triplets, and 7308 fulfilled eligibility criteria. There was no difference in the gestational age at delivery between the cerclage and noncerclage groups, aOR (95% CI) = 1.0(0.9–1.0). The difference between the risk of preterm delivery at <34 weeks and <32 weeks was not statistically significant. The risk of the composite outcome of neonatal complications was higher in the cerclage compared to the noncerclage group, aOR (95% CI) = 1.5 (1.1–2.2). Conclusions Cerclage placement in triplet pregnancies does not appear to decrease preterm birth rates and seems to increase the risk of neonatal complications.

A Retrospective Cohort Study of Risk Factors for Surgical Site Infection Following Lung Transplant.

Surgical site infections (SSIs) are among the leading health care-associated infections as well as a major problem in the postoperative period of lung transplant recipients. Little is known about the risk factors in this specific population. The objective of this study was to identify the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of SSI following lung transplant. Digital medical records of adult recipients subjected to lung transplant from July 2011 and June 2016 in a large Brazilian referral teaching public center were analyzed in this retrospective cohort follow-up. Among the 121 recipients analyzed, 19 (15.7%) had SSI; of these, 11 (57.8%) had superficial incisional infections, 1 (5.2%) had a deep incisional infection, and 7 (36.8%) had organ/space infection. Recipient-related risk factors for SSI were high body mass index (P = .041), prolonged surgery time (P = .043), and prolonged duration of chest drain placement (P = .009). At the multiple logistic regression was found that each hour elapsed in the surgical time increased the odds of SSI by around 2 times (odds ratio 2.34; 95% CI, 1.46-4.53; P = .002). Donor-related risk factors included smoking status (P = .05) and positive bronchoalveolar lavage (P < .001). Having an SSI was associated with an increased length of stay in intensive care units (P = .003), reoperation (P = .014), and a higher 1-year mortality rate (P = .02). The identified incidence rate was higher to that observed in the previous studies. The risk factors duration of chest tube placement and donor smoking status are different from those reported in the scientific literature.

Supported employment programme for persons with severe mental disorders in India: A feasibility study.

A number of persons with severe mental illnesses are unable to prepare for, find or keep a job due to factors linked to their illness as well as psychosocial issues. To test the feasibility of a supported employment programme to help persons with severe mental disorders obtain and sustain employment. A supported employment programme was developed for persons with severe mental disorders with components of (a) assessment of vocational potential, (b) vocational counselling, (c) networking and liaison with prospective employers, (d) job-related training and placement and (e) continued support for 6 months. Job placement status, social occupational functioning and disability (quantitative data) and benefits of enrolling in the employment programme (qualitative data) were assessed. A total of 40 employers were liaised with for providing job placement and reasonable accommodation. Out of 63 participants recruited into the study, 32 (50.8%) participants were placed in competitive jobs, placement was actively attempted for 17 (27.0%) participants, 7 (11.1%) were referred for skill training and 7 (11.1%) dropped out from the study. The disability score significantly reduced and socio-occupational functioning significantly improved in those who were placed over a period of 6 months. The supported employment programme was found to be feasible as it showed good placement rates and improvement in socio-occupational functioning and disability scores.

Prominence of occurrence accorded to climate change information in Tanzanian newspapers

Study was conducted to analyse degree of prominence that Tanzanian newspapers accorded to climate change information. We argue that the level of prominence accorded to climate change information by Tanzanian newspapers is inadequate. Prioritising the coverage of climate change information in newspapers is important for facilitating its access, promotion and dissemination for awareness creation. Triangulation of quantitative content analysis and in-depth interview method approaches and a sample size of 1600 newspaper editions drawn from six Tanzanian newspapers for a span of 10 years were used. Newspaper editions were quantitatively content analysed and the frequencies at which climate change information articles were placed at the various parts of the newspapers were analysed. Findings indicate that a total of 81,162 articles were published. Of this total, only 684 (0.84%) articles covered climate change information. Furthermore, findings indicate that, of the total 684 climate change information articles, only 53 (7.6%) were placed in the front pages of the six Tanzanian newspapers for all 10 years, giving a yearly average of 5.3 articles for all newspapers and only 1 article for each newspaper per year, whereas the majority (631, 92.25%) of articles in climate change were randomly placed in the inside pages. The Chi-square test ( χ 2 = 10.000; df = 1; p value &lt; 0.002) shows that significant differences exist between the locations of number of articles in front pages and inside pages. The findings suggest that climate change information in Tanzanian newspapers was not given the necessary level of prominence. Study recommends that newspaper media houses should have editorial policy that will ensure that they have a social responsibility of reporting climate change information prominently in their newspapers for wide public access and dissemination. This paper also recommends the need for the provision of specialised trainings such as climate change journalism to news editors, journalists and reporters for equipping them with the good writing styles and skills that will enable them to produce more appealing climate change stories that will attract its front page placement status for setting an agenda in the direction of climate change adaptation, coping and mitigation mechanisms in Tanzania

Evaluation of model performance to predict survival after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt placement.

Background/AimsThe MELD score was developed to predict survival after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement. Given changes in practice patterns and development of new prognostic tools in cirrhosis, we aimed to evaluate common models to predict mortality after TIPS placement.MethodsAnalysis of consecutive patients who underwent TIPS placement for ascites or bleeding. Performance to predict 90-day mortality was assessed by C statistic for six models (MELD, MELD-Na, CLIF-C ACLF, Child-Pugh, Platelet-Albumin-Bilirubin, and Emory score). Added predictive value to MELD score was assessed for univariate predictors of 90-day mortality. Stratified analysis by TIPS indication, emergent placement status, and TIPS stent type was performed.Results413 patients were analyzed (248 with variceal bleeding, 165 with refractory ascites). 90-day mortality was 27% (113/413). Mean MELD score was 15 ± 7.9. MELD score best predicted mortality for all patients (c = 0.779), for variceal bleeding (c = 0.844), and for emergent TIPS (c = 0.817). CLIF-C ACLF score best predicted mortality for refractory ascites (c = 0.707). Addition of sodium to the MELD score did not improve predictive value across multiple strata. Addition of hemoglobin improved MELD score’s predictive value in variceal bleeding. Addition of age improved MELD score’s predictive value in refractory ascites.ConclusionsMELD score best predicted 90-day mortality. Addition of sodium to the MELD score did not improve its performance, though mortality prediction was improved using Age-MELD for ascites and Hemoglobin-MELD for bleeding. An individualized risk stratification approach may be best when considering candidates for TIPS placement.

Rediscovery of the enigmatic Scutellaria xylorrhiza (Scutellarioideae; Lamiaceae)—a rare endemic species from Iran

After more than 100 years since the first discovery, Scutellaria xylorrhiza, a critically endangered species listed in the Red List of Iranian plants had been presumed to be extinct. We rediscovered recently a population of this species in Sofeh Mountain South of Isfahan. Here, we perform the taxonomic history, phylogenetic placement and conservation status of this endemic species, and compare our findings with the description provided in the protologue and other references. Besides the updated description, notes on typification and new photographs of this species are presented. In addition, we compare S. xylorrhiza with other related Scutellaria species occurring in Iran and neighboring regions using molecular sequence data from the nuclear ribosomal DNA (Internal Transcribed Spacer). Our morphological and sequence analyses show that S. xylorrhiza is close to S. ariana.

Job Placement Rates Among First-Generation Hospitality Students

ABSTRACTThis study compared the job placement status of 1st-generation college students and traditional students graduating from a 4-year hospitality program. Data were collected through a survey of graduating seniors. A chi-square analysis revealed that 1st-generation college students were 3 times less likely to have a job in place at graduation. This finding is significant for university programs to examine their resources and programming to ensure that 1st-generation students’ needs are addressed.

Is rising BMI associated with an increased rate of clinically relevant pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma?

360 Background: Clinically relevant pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF), following distal pancreatectomy (DP) remains a clinical challenge. Prior studies investigating the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and CR-POPF have yielded conflicting results. We examined this relationship utilizing our institutional database and hypothesized that BMI is associated with CR-POPF in patients having DP for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Methods: Patients who underwent DP for PDAC at a single institution from 2007 to 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. A CR-POPF was defined as ISGPS grade B or C fistula. Uni- and multi-variable logistic regression analysis to assess factors associated with CR-POPF following DP was performed, controlling for factors such as gland texture, operative drain placement, gender, and smoking status. Results: 78 patients met the inclusion criteria. 51% were female, 51% were Caucasian, and the average age was 59 ± 15 years. The median BMI was 26 (interquartile range 24 to 29). Overall, 19% (n = 15) of patients had a CR-POPF. With a mean follow up 2.8 ± 2.5 years, the presence of a CR-POPF was not associated with long-term survival (P = 0.17). On univariable logistic regression, older age was associated with a decreased risk of CR-POPF (OR = 0.95, P = 0.015) while increasing BMI was associated with an increased risk of CR-POPF (OR = 1.1, P = 0.044). After controlling for multiple factors on multivariable logistic regression analysis, BMI (OR = 1.12, P = 0.035) was the only factor associated with development of a CR-POPF while older age (OR = 0.94, P &lt; 0.001) was slightly protective of CR-POPF development. Conclusions: For patients undergoing DP for PDAC, increasing BMI is associated with an increased risk of CR-POPF, independent of other factors. These findings should be considered during preoperative counseling. Although there is no specific cut-off for the association between BMI and CR-POPF, efforts to diminish the risk of CR-POPF should be focused on patients with higher BMI based on this data.

Parenting influences on adolescent sexual risk-taking: Differences by child welfare placement status

Positive parenting behaviors and parent-child relationships reduce sexual risk-taking among youth, but these associations may differ for adolescents in the child welfare system. Using two cohorts of a national longitudinal dataset of youth, the authors employed linear probability modeling to investigate associations of caregiver-child closeness, monitoring, and dating communication with youth's sexual initiation, sexual partners, and unprotected intercourse over the subsequent 12 months. Moderation by placement status (non-relative foster care, kinship care, or birth parent care) was then tested. Closeness was negatively associated with risk-taking. Monitoring was positively associated with new sexual partners among youth in birth parent care, but negatively associated with new partners for youth in out-of-home care. Dating communication was positively associated with sexual initiation and additional sexual partners, and with unsafe sex among non-relative foster youth. In sum, caregiver relationships and parenting behaviors may matter differently for maltreated and foster youths' sexual risk-taking.