Placement Of Equipment Research Articles

Expert assessment of the effectiveness of measures to improve working conditions in foundries

The expert evaluation of the effectiveness of measures to improve working conditions in foundries using the integrated assessment methodology is considered. Four classes of foundries have been established according to working conditions, which are determined by a complex of factors of the production environment. The possibility of using it to select the most optimal option in the development of projects of reconstructed foundries or workshops and the implementation of measures to improve working conditions is shown. To evaluate the developed methodology, it was tested on the example of the organization of a foundry with a small-scale production. The technique has shown its high efficiency in choosing the optimal placement of equipment.

Improving level measurement techniques and measurement accuracy in vehicle fuel tanks

Measuring the level and accurate transmission of the amount of fuel in vehicle fuel tanks are important in many ways. In vehicle warehouse designs, very different geometric shapes are encountered. Vehicle geometry and equipment placement cause warehouses to be produced in very different geometries. It is very important that information about the amount of fuel is transmitted to the driver in the most accurate way so that the driving safety and the car can travel safe distances. Shaking the fuel in the tank on a flat road, slope or off-road conditions may affect the display of the correct amount of fuel. In the study, the maximum and minimum production tolerance and geometry of the vehicle tanks, known as the mathematical model, the turbulence caused by acceleration of the float fuel measurement system in contact with the liquid placed in the tank, as well as the accuracy of the Up/Down movement of the level measurement float and the measurement of the fuel level as a result of the turbulence, were examined. The study focused on the oscillation of the measuring part on the float and the preventive geometries.

A framework for the design and implementation of Stop the Bleed and public access trauma equipment programs.

Traumatic injuries remain the leading cause of death for those under the age of 44 years old. Nearly a third of those who die from trauma do so from bleeding. Reducing death from severe bleeding requires training in the recognition and treatment of life‐threatening bleeding, as well as programs to ensure immediate access to bleeding control resources. The Stop the Bleed (STB) initiative seeks to educate and empower people to be immediate responders and provide control of life‐threatening bleeding until emergency medical services arrive. Well‐planned and implemented STB programs will help ensure program effectiveness, minimize variability, and provide long‐term sustainment. Comprehensive STB programs foster consistency, promote access to bleeding control education, contain a framework to guide the acquisition and placement of equipment, and promote the use of these resources at the time of a bleeding emergency. We leveraged the expertise and experience of the Stop the Bleed Education Consortium to create a resource document to help inform and guide STB program developers and implementers on the key areas for consideration when crafting strategy. These areas include (1) equipment selection, (2) logistics and kit placement, (3) educational program accessibility and implementation, and (4) program oversight, facilitation, and administration.

Assessing the Equipment Level of Technical Service Enterprises in the Agricultural Sector of the Volga Federal District

Introduction. The level of technological equipment and quality of equipment placement at the technical service enterprises have a significant impact on the size of work areas and the efficiency of travel paths for moving items of agricultural machinery under repair. The purpose of research is to assess the actual equipment level and the quality of equipment placement at the specific work areas of technical service enterprises. Material and Methods. The quality of the equipment placement at technical service enterprises is determined by comparing the actual and standard values of the coefficient that takes into account the size of work areas and travel paths for moving items of agricultural machinery under repair in particular work areas. There has been proposed a method for determining the level of equipment on the basis of the equipment deterioration and the coefficient of the equipment placement density. Results. Eighty percent of the work areas do not comply with the basic standards of technological design. The actual value of the equipment placement density coefficient at the work areas under research was 1.1‒42.8. The average value of the coefficient was 12.5 for enterprises with a fleet of less than 25 tractors, 10.2 for enterprises with a fleet of 25 to 50 tractors and 8.6 for enterprises with a fleet of more than 50 tractors. The share of the work areas with high density of equipment placement was 13.3%, with average density 40.0% and with low density 46.7%. The coefficients closest to the standard values were found in the work areas for repairing the hydraulic systems and oil equipment, restoring machinery parts with polymer composites, and for painting and drying. The values of the coefficient of equipment placement density at such basic work areas as for bench-working and assembling, forging works, welding, fusing, and etc. in some times differ from the standard values. Discussion and Conclusion. The conducted research showed that most of work areas of technical service enterprises in the Volga Federal District have a low level of equipment. The results of the study will allow optimizing the size of the work areas and ensuring the efficiency of travel paths for moving items of agricultural machinery under repair within the buildings.

A Flow Battery Based Source for Autonomous Power Supply Systems

Flow batteries are a highly efficient solution for long-term energy storage in critical and alternative power supply facilities. The main advantage of a flow cell is the ability to create batteries of unlimited power and energy capacity by changing the cell area, the number of cells in the battery, and the capacity of tanks with electrolytes. The key element of a flow battery, in particular, a vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB), is a flow cell. A technology for manufacturing an electrolyte for a flow battery has been developed, and its volume sufficient for laboratory research has been synthesized. A 5 kW flow battery has been tested, and a schematic design for the placement of laboratory technological equipment for industry-grade synthesis of electrolyte has been developed. A VRFB control system has been developed those collects, analyzes and stores data from sensors, and performs automatic and manual control of pumps for pumping electrolyte through the flow cells. The article presents the results of testing a vanadium flow battery stack on the test bench constructed by JSC MPOTK TEKHNOKOMPLEKT.

Rational placement of on-board equipment of combat aircraft when they are upgraded

This paper presents the results of the analysis of the criteria for the placement of on-board equipment on board a military aircraft by optimizing the connection network between the components of this on-board equipment.

Effect of Obstacles Gradient Arrangement on Non-Uniformly Distributed LPG–Air Premixed Gas Deflagration

The arrangement of obstacles can significantly impact the deflagration behavior of combustible gases. In the actual pipeline accident site, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and other gases often show non-uniform distribution after leakage owing to diffusion and gravity, and the deflagration mechanism is also more complex. In this paper, based on the non-uniform distribution of combustible gases, the flame behavior and overpressure characteristics of LPG–air combustible gas deflagration are carried out by a combination of experiments and numerical simulations with obstacles arranged in increasing and decreasing blockage height. The results show that in the increasing blockage height arrangement, the flame forms a “straw hat” cavity, finally forming an elliptical region. In the decreasing blockage height arrangement, the flame appears as a “ribbon-shaped” narrow, blank area, which gradually becomes longer with time. By observing the overpressure and the structure of flame propagation in the coupled state, it is found that the explosion overpressure is maximum when the height of the obstacle is consistent, and the moment of the maximum area of flame appears slightly earlier than the appearance of the maximum overpressure peak. At the same time, without considering the change in height of the obstacle, the three arrangements all have an accelerating effect on the flame of deflagration. And the decreasing blockage height arrangement condition has the most obvious effect on the flame acceleration, which makes the peak of area of flame and the overpressure peak appear at first, and finally leads to the formation of a positive feedback mechanism among the speed of flame propagation, the area of flame and overpressure. In addition, in the case of the non-uniform distribution of combustible gases, the acceleration obtained by the flame at the initial stage is very important for the overall acceleration of the flame. The results of this paper can provide a reference for the placement of equipment and facilities in long and narrow spaces such as various pipe galleries, and to make predictions about the impact of the shape of some objects on the explosion and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and management of gas explosions.

Health care delivery - Revisiting the concept of area wide planning with application to Guntur District of Andhra Pradesh

For many marginalised families, availability of healthcare is uncertain leading to catastrophic costs. To meet the need in an orderly and efficient manner without duplication, Areawide / Regional planning was envisioned by health planners in the 1950s. This paper aims to revisit the above concept in healthcare with application to the existing system of Guntur district. A search was made for available health facilities and bed strength in the public sector of the district. An effort is made to apply the arewide planning concept to the district in strategic locations. The recent pandemic has shown the need for preparedness across the district in terms of bed strength, equipment and personnel. The urban population of the district is 33.8% (1.5 beds/1000 ) and the rural population is 66.19% (0.5/1000). Areawide planning envisages Mandal, Division and District level hospitals. The PHCs at the mandal level can be upgraded to have Maternal and Child health units and ICUs with the necessary specialists and equipment in place. The division level hospital must have all primary specialities with consultative support to the lower facilities. The District level hospital must have all the super specialities and provide referral services.Regionalisation also looks at creating one special care unit like burns, mental health, cancer etc at each strategically located hospital. Areawide planning will improve efficiency and economy in health care delivery. Gaps in healthcare and wastage due to overlapping can be avoided.

What you see may not be what you get! Simulate towards effective planning of pediatric intensive care unit.

Aims and objectivesThis study aimed to describe the application of low-cost inter-professional simulation over 4 phases in identifying structural and design issues, latent safety threats as well as test systems, processes, including facilitated team training during the design of a new pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).Materials and methodsThe four-phase inter-professional simulation sessions involving clinical and non-clinical teams were conducted over a 3-month period in a corporate hospital during the designing of a new PICU. Low-cost resources, such as floor tapes, low-tech manikins, reused sterilized consumables, and actual patient beds and equipment, were used for the in situ simulation sessions. A plus-delta method of debriefing was done, and changes agreed on consensus were implemented after each simulated session.ResultsThere were 10 simulation sessions conducted over 4 phases during the 3-month period of designing the PICU. The participants included 10 doctors from PICU and adult critical care, 25 critical care nurses, 12 members from the project team, and 2 hospital administrators in various combinations. The first phase led to the re-design of workspace and clinical areas for better space utilization. The second phase required further revision to facilitate better mobility and facilities. In the third phase, the number of beds was reduced to 6 beds following the simulated drills involving the actual placement of patient cots and equipment. The fourth phase had thematic 5 simulated exercises involving the newly recruited clinical teams that enabled the identification of systems and process issues. Cognitive aids and video orientation of the setup, team training, and human factors training were addressed, and the unit was open for patient care in a week.ConclusionA phased inter-professional simulation exercise with low-cost resources can enable the identification of structural challenges, design issues, latent safety threats, test systems, processes, patient flow, and facilitated team training during the design of a new PICU. Further studies are needed to understand the generalization of the study findings into designing PICU.

Measuring aerosols in the operating theatre and beyond using a real-time sensor network.

The ability to measure and track aerosols in the vicinity of patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 is highly desirable. At present, there is no way to measure and track, in real time, the sizes, dispersion and dilution/disappearance of aerosols that are generated by airway manipulations such as mask ventilation; tracheal intubation; bronchoscopy; dental and gastro-intestinal endoscopy procedures; or by vigorous breathing, coughing or exercise. We deployed low-cost photoelectric sensors in five operating theatres between surgical cases. We measured and analysed dilution and exfiltration of aerosols we generated to evaluate air handling and dispersion under real-world conditions. These data were used to develop a model of aerosol persistence. We found significant variation between different operating theatres. Equipment placement near air vents affects air flows, impacting aerosol movement and elimination patterns. Despite these impediments, air exchange in operating theatres is robust and prolonged fallow time before theatre turnover may not be necessary. Significant concentrations of aerosols are not seen in adjoining areas outside of the operating theatre. These models and dispersion rates can predict aerosol persistence in operating theatres and other clinical areas and potentially facilitate quantification of risk, with obvious and far-reaching implications for designing, evaluating and confirming air handling in non-medical environments.

Nursing Cooperation of a Case of Leonardo's Robot-assisted Off-pump Whole Artery Small Incision Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Objective — To summarize the nursing experience of a case of Leonardo's robot-assisted off-pump total artery small incision coronary artery bypass grafting. Methods — The key points of surgical cooperation included: Preoperative visit and communication with medical staff, detailed understanding of surgical methods, preoperative preparation of items, intraoperative position placement and placement of Leonardo's robot equipment, reasonable arrangement of operating room according to surgical methods and close intraoperative cooperation. Results — The patient was successfully conducted with cardiac surgery with less intraoperative bleeding and was admitted to ICU for further treatment. Tracheal intubation was removed on the 1st postoperative day, and the patient was transferred to cardiac surgery ICU on the 2nd postoperative day. Chest drainage tube was removed on the 6th postoperative day, and the patient was discharged successfully on the 9th postoperative day. Conclusion — Robot-assisted off-pump whole artery small incision coronary artery bypass grafting enjoys obvious advantages over thoracotomy. There is less bleeding in the postoperative with low complication rate, so the pain of patients is reduced with fast the postoperative recovery. Therefore, it won high satisfaction among patients. Good preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative nursing is an important guarantee to promote the rehabilitation of patients.

Nghiên cứu khí động bề mặt dạng sóng trong dòng siêu thanh

paper presents the application of direct simulation (DNS) method to the study of aerodynamic problems on the waveform surface of a supersonic aircraft and the influence of the waveform surface on the aerodynamic parameters of the aircraft. The waveform surface on supersonic aircraft often occurs such as fighter aircraft, rockets.These waveform surfaces can be caused by design intent or by placement of equipment on the surface.The results illustrated that this surface can increase drag and is the main cause of flow transitions from laminar to turbulent flow orseparation in supersonic flows

Tunneled dialysis line‐associated hemorrhagic shock following self‐inflicted trauma in a hemodialysis patient: A case report

Complications of tunneled central venous catheters (CVCs) for hemodialysis are frequent, and most commonly include bacteremia, thrombosis, and stenosis. While bleeding is a relatively rare complication of dialysis lines overall, tunneled CVCs may present a unique bleeding risk given their ability to be displaced or damaged as patients have direct access to the equipment in place. Here, we describe the case of a 68-year-old man with end-stage renal disease and neurocognitive disorder, who developed hemorrhagic shock following self-inflicted laceration of his tunneled dialysis catheter proximal to the Y. Examination of the catheter tunnel revealed that the cuff was palpable proximal to the exit site, but the opening was well retracted. In such cases, hemorrhage is particularly difficult to control because the cuff is rigid and poorly amenable to compression, in addition to being difficult to access. This case demonstrates the risk of significant hemorrhage when a tunneled CVC is damaged at this location and the potential need for the urgent removal of the retained component to prevent recurrence of bleeding. It also highlights important patient safety considerations given the risk of self-inflicted trauma in patients with a neurocognitive disorder and a language barrier affecting communication.

Military Industrialization of Uzbekistan in 1941—1945

The influence of the Great Patriotic War on the restructuring of the industry of Uzbekistan is considered. The materials of the National Archives of Uzbekistan are used, some of which have not been published before. It is reported that in the pre-war years, the economy of Uzbekistan was dominated by agriculture and the war became a new period of industrialization of the republic. It is stated that during the war years, during the mass evacuation, Uzbekistan received about 190 industrial enterprises from the western regions of the USSR. It is stated that such a large-scale evacuation of industry, on the one hand, created difficulties associated with the placement of equipment and people, and on the other hand, formed a disproportionately expanded industrial potential of Uzbekistan. Attention is focused on the fact that the economy withstood the main difficulties of restructuring industry on a war footing. It is proved that the new industrial centers of the country began to be of great importance for the military economy of the USSR. It is emphasized that the people of Uzbekistan heroically worked on the construction of new plants and factories, as well as on the restoration of evacuated enterprises, which, among other things, made it possible to solve the issue of a stable supply of the army with weapons, and the industry with raw materials and minerals.

OPTIMIZATION OF PARAMETERS OF POINT SOURCES OF ENERGY AT SPECIFIC PARAMETERS OF INDIVIDUAL POINTS OF THE ENERGY FIELD

In most cases, when modeling energy fields, it is impossible to explicitly write the objective function of the energy field, and this greatly complicates the solution of a problem called nonlinear programming [1]. 
 One possible way to solve nonlinear programming problems is to transform a mathematical model into a function from a single variable or to organize an iterative process by repeatedly searching for the minimum of a function of a single variable. In this case, you can use the known iterative methods for solving the problem [1]: the method of dichotomy (the method of division in half); the method of "golden section", the Fibonacci method; polynomial approximation method; Newton's method, etc.
 Geometric problems of energy field optimization derive from the practical problems of energy conservation in the placement of equipment for heating or cooling of architectural structures, reducing the negative acoustic effects of sound energy in the entertainment halls of public buildings, lighting in interiors and exteriors. Most of these tasks are aimed at minimizing the total power of point energy sources while providing the specified parameters of the energy field.
 The target optimization function contains both steel and variable parameters (optimization parameters). The set parameters of the energy field are constant, namely: coordinates of individual points of the field and potentials at these points; the variable parameters are the coordinates of point energy sources and their power. Restrictions are the dimensions of the room or exterior.
 Solving this optimization problem involves several steps:
 - formation of a mathematical model of the energy field;
 - formation of the target optimization function based on a mathematical model;
 - choosing a method of mathematical programming to solve the problem.
 The mathematical model of the energy field in solving such an optimization problem is written in the form of a system of equations.

Evolutionary Strategy for Practical Design of Passive Optical Networks

Passive optical networks (PONs) are an important and interesting technology for broadband access as a result of the growing demand for bandwidth over the past 10 years. An arduous and complex step in the design of such networks involves determining the placement of equipment, optical fiber cables and several other parameters relevant to the proper functioning of the network. In this paper, we propose an evolutionary strategy to optimize the infrastructure design of PONs by using genetic algorithm technique. This meta-heuristic is capable of elaborating fast, automatic and efficient solutions for the design and planning of PONs. Our proposal has been developed using real maps, aiming to minimize deployment costs and time spent to carry out PON projects, achieving pre-defined quality criteria. We considered, in our simulations, two scenarios (non-dense and dense), four possible topologies and two regions of interest. The non-dense consists of a scenario in which subscribers are distributed in a dispersed manner in the region of interest. The dense has a considerably higher number of subscribers distributed in a very close way to each other. Based on the obtained results, the potential of our proposal is quite clear, as well as its relevance from a technical, economic, and commercial point of view.

Complete Mesocolic Excision with Central Vascular Ligation during Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy: Technical Notes

In this article we describe the surgical technique of the Complete Mesocolic Excision (CME) with Central Vascular Ligation (CVL) during laparoscopic right hemicolectomy (LRH) with intracorporeal anastomosis, as performed in our current surgical practice. The preparation of the patient, the operating room, the position of the surgeons, equipment and trocar placement are described in detail. The procedure is divided into well-defined steps, and each one is meticulously described.

FORECASTING THE AEROIN COMPOSITION OF AIR IN THE PRESENCE OF NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL SOURCES OF IONIZATION

It is shown that for the design of buildings and individual rooms with normative concentrations of light air ions of both polarities, a preliminary estimated assessment of the dynamics of this indicator in space and time is appropriate. In the general case, it is possible to use the continuity equation for weakly ionized plasma for one direction. This is due to the low concentration of air ions in the air. The ratio of molecular kinetic theory of gases is used to determine the necessary indicators - the average lifetime of air ions, free path length. To determine the average speed - Maxwell's distribution. It is shown that the propagation of air ions due to diffusion processes is insignificant, and the corresponding calculations have large errors. Calculations on the propagation of air ions by directed air movement from the source of artificial ionization are given. The distribution of air ion concentrations can be most accurately calculated taking into account their recombination, deposition on heavy air ions and neutral suspended parts (fine dust and aerosols). Relevant coefficients are mostly issued from reference sources. If there are electrostatic fields in the premises, generated due to the triboelectric effect and other factors, it is necessary to take into account the deposition of air ions on these surfaces. In order to correctly determine the concentrations of air ions, in addition to the values of the mobility of negative and positive air ions, data on electrostatic field strengths are required. The values of such fields are unpredictable, so they are measured by appropriate instruments in similar conditions. Verification of calculated data using electrostatic charge meters and air ion counter proved the reasonable convergence of expected and actual data. It is advisable to develop two- and three-dimensional models of the propagation of air ions of both polarities in rooms of different purposes, configurations of equipment placement, the presence of artificial ionization sources and directional air movement.

The Opening and Launch of Activities of the Chemistry Laboratory at the Polytechnic Museum (Late 19th – Early 20th Century)

This article is devoted to the history of emergence and development of the chemistry laboratory at the Moscow Museum of Applied Knowledge (Polytechnic Museum), one of the oldest laboratories in Moscow and the first of the Museum’s laboratories. Its creation was predetermined by the following important factors: rapid development of natural science in the second half of the 19th century, introduction of obligatory laboratory practice in the natural science curriculum at higher education institutions, and the fact that the Museum founders believed that laboratories had to be in place at the Museum as one of the ways of delivering its educational goals and promoting dissemination of technology knowledge. The Polytechnic Museum’s chemistry laboratory was modelled after the laboratories of Western European museums. The decisive role in the organization of the laboratory belonged to I. P. Arkhipov, chemical engineer, member of the Museum Organization Committee and director of the Museum’s technology department. In the years that followed, the renowned chemists V. V. Markovnikov and I. A. Kablukov were extensively involved in the work of the laboratory. Initially the laboratory played an auxiliary role and was only used to prepare demonstration experiments; later on, the scope of its functions broadened. In the course of the time, the laboratory became increasingly involved in the Museum’s overall work, one of the main lines of which was the acquisition of museum items. After the Polytechnic Museum moved to its own building, the chemistry laboratory was organized and equipped like the most advanced European laboratories. With necessary instruments and equipment in place, it could provide space and necessary conditions for the experimental and research work to those interested. By the early 20th century the works at the chemistry laboratory were mostly associated with the Museum’s instructional and educational activities as well as with the formation of its collections. Research was conducted at the laboratory only sporadically. The Museum’s chemistry laboratory also acted as a resource and methodology center for educational work, where new demonstration experiments in chemistry were developed and the methodologies for conducting these experiments were honed.

Air quality analysis on a frequently congested road section

This paper will focus on analysing the air quality on a frequently congested road section in the vicinity of Timisoara, Romania. The placement of the measurement equipment will be made next to a public transport station measuring the extent of different pollutants which affect the well-being of passengers waiting in these stations. The traffic congestion is present due to the unloading from the highway, reduced capacity of only a one lane road and because of the high amount of industrial area workplaces. The results presented will be part of the PhD thesis of the main author.