Places Of Memory Research Articles

‘근대화산업유산’을 활용한 산업관광과 장소기억의 형해화 : 일본 에히메현(愛媛県) 니하마 시(新居浜市)의 벳시동산(別子銅山)을 사례로

‘근대화산업유산’을 활용한 산업관광과 장소기억의 형해화 : 일본 에히메현(愛媛県) 니하마 시(新居浜市)의 벳시동산(別子銅山)을 사례로

Sylvan Memories of People, Place, and Trees in Nangodi, Northeastern Ghana

AbstractPeople's relationships with trees reflect the landscape histories associated with distinctive forms of political and religious authority and the moral imaginings of people in Nangodi and its environs in the Upper East Region of Ghana. Their memories of particular trees serve as historical evidence of overlapping yet specific forms of political authority exercised by chiefs, earth priests, past colonial officers, and present-day Ghanaian government officials. In Nangodi, individual family ancestral tree shrines, clan tree cemeteries, and sacred groves associated with earth priests and chiefs coexist with the Red Volta West Forest Reserve and with a succession of tree-related development initiatives. While these relationships are often considered as separate claims to political authority, spiritual power, or scientific knowledge, this paper argues that these relationships of people and of trees are better conceptualized as historical accumulations that represent intersecting and contested forms of authority and political rule continuing into the present. Indigenous tree species such as ebony are associated with sacred groves controlled by chiefs, silk-cotton trees with earth priests’ cemeteries, and baobab trees with particular families coexist with foreign teak trees associated with colonial forestry. This situation suggests how institutions of governance as well as the actions of individuals have environmental consequences. A consideration of historical memories of people and trees in places such as Nangodi enables a rethinking of political and environmental dichotomies, and complicates the social dynamics of` the preservation and destruction of trees and forests around the world.

Symbolic potential of place and its modelling for management needs.

Knowledge about the symbolic potential of the place (for example, city main square) and the form of presentation of such data is very important for better understanding of cultural memory of place. The article presents examples of symbolic potential descriptions of place using specific symbolic code sets. Code units consists from 1) names of identified easy recognizable objects forming a place and 2) cultural ideas, connotational characteristics of those objects. Some ideas appear as simple cultural connotations of certain objects and are easily identifiable. However, the fuller knowledge of local symbolic potential requires using of data that have more complex connotational structure. Such ideas encourage designers to comprehend the distinctive features of the place more deeply; also they are helping them to take into account personal existential experiences that are essential for the stimulating of original creative design solutions. Data about the place can help to manage it taking into account the symbolic potential only in case when the connotational characteristics are included into that data set. To ensure consensus among all relevant actors, data about place (city square, etc) expressed in codes with more complex connotational structures must be presented in explicit form (as some kind of semantic „reference book“) together with the arguments of their significance. Such codes would help align the positions of all actors involved in the management of certain place. Codes of this kind need to be defined in advance by making the appropriate research activities before and included in the legal documents regulating place management. The article discloses the model of symbolic potential of Kaunas Unity Square (Vienybės aikštė) and its closest environment, formed in period after regaining independence in 1918. In order to protect ourselves from possible unscrupulous modernization of square, we always have to take into account the symbolic potential of this place when planning even the smallest changes of square. Research of symbolic potential of the place was conducted using theoretical methods: abstraction, analogy, generalization, reasoning (inductive, deductive, and abductive), synthesis. Moreover, the methods of phenomenology and semantic analysis were applied also.

Spatial Determination of Neuronal Diversification in the Olfactory Epithelium.

Neurons in the murine olfactory epithelium (OE) differ by the olfactory receptor they express as well as other molecular phenotypes that are regionally restricted. These patterns can be precisely regenerated following epithelial injury, suggesting that spatial cues within the tissue can direct neuronal diversification. Nonetheless, the permanency and mechanism of this spatial patterning remain subject to debate. Via transplantation of stem and progenitor cells from dorsal OE into ventral OE, we demonstrate that, in mice of both sexes, nonautonomous spatial cues can direct the spatially circumscribed differentiation of olfactory sensory neurons. The vast majority of dorsal transplant-derived neurons express the ventral marker OCAM (NCAM2) and lose expression of NQO1 to match their new location. Single-cell analysis also demonstrates that OSNs adopt a fate defined by their new position following progenitor cell transplant, such that a ventral olfactory receptor is expressed after stem and progenitor cell engraftment. Thus, spatially constrained differentiation of olfactory sensory neurons is plastic, and any bias toward an epigenetic memory of place can be overcome.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Spatially restricted differentiation of olfactory sensory neurons is both key to normal olfactory function and a challenging example of biological specificity. That the stem cells of the olfactory epithelium reproduce the organization of the olfactory periphery to a very close approximation during lesion-induced regeneration begs the question of whether stem cell-autonomous genomic architecture or environmental cues are responsible. The plasticity demonstrated after transfer to a novel location suggests that cues external to the transplanted stem and progenitor cells confer neuronal identity. Thus, a necessary prerequisite is satisfied for using engraftment of olfactory stem and progenitor cells as a cellular therapeutic intervention to reinvigorate neurogenesis whose exhaustion contributes to the waning of olfaction with age.

Forgetting the Shore: Effects of Land Reclamations on Memory of Place in Izmir

Forgetting the Shore: Effects of Land Reclamations on Memory of Place in Izmir

Displaced Art and the Reconstruction of Memory: Ukrainian Artists from Crimea and Donbas

Abstract After the occupation of Crimea and the conflict in Eastern Ukraine, many people were forced to leave their homes and look for a new place to live. The cultural context, memories, narratives, including the scarcely built identity of artificially made sites like those from Donbas (Donetsk and Luhansk regions) and the multicultural identity of Crimea, were all destroyed and left behind. Among the people who left their roots and moved away were many artists, who naturally fell into two groups-the ones who wanted to remember and the ones who wanted to forget. The aim of this paper is to analyse the ways in which the local memory of those lost places is represented in the works of Ukrainian artists from the conflict territories, who were forced to change their dwelling- place. The main idea is to show how losing the memory of places, objects, sounds, etc. affects the continuity of personal history.

Place Branding using Place Memory of Yugok-ri Tongil-chon (Unification Village), Korea

Place Branding using Place Memory of Yugok-ri Tongil-chon (Unification Village), Korea

The Jewish doctors involved in the development of health resorts in eastern Galicia at the late 19th and early 20th century (Central and Eastern Europe).

SummaryBackgroundThe involvement of Jewish doctors and scientists in the development of health resorts in eastern Galicia (part of the Austrian monarchy after 1772, and since 1918 as part of independent Poland, now part of Ukraine) is unquestionable; however, awareness of this fact is not that common. Meanwhile, also due to their work and activity, small borderland resorts became important medical, cultural and social centers of the region. The involvement of Jewish doctors in the development of Galician health resorts resulted from, among others, the rich and multi-layered tradition and integration of Judaism with the hygiene regulations and moral principles of the religion. The eastern Galicia health resort culture, architecture, style of how free time was spent, along with treatment and disease prevention, contributed to a European identity in the region.AimThis article constitutes an attempt to restore the memory of places and people who created the phenomenon of Galician health resorts, an important social amenity and whose contribution to this process is completely forgotten or omitted. Most of the physicians mentioned in this article died in concentration camps or were murdered by the Nazis.MethodsThe article is based on the analysis of source texts drawn up in the German and Polish languages, including biographical archives, books, scientific articles, ego documents and press reports from the decades before WW I.ResultsOn the European level, eastern Galicia resorts were new resorts and the development took place mainly around 1900. The Jewish community constitutively contributed to the medical, economic and cultural development of the resorts. Its role in creating a resort culture is related both to the activity of the Jewish intelligentsia and wealthy bourgeoisie, as well as local craftsmen, tavern owners or shopkeepers. It resulted from a wealthy and multi-layered Jewish tradition and the integration of Judaism with the orders of hygiene and moral principles of religion.

A new human delayed-matching-to-place test in a virtual environment reverse-translated from the rodent watermaze paradigm: Characterization of performance measures and sex differences.

Watermaze tests of place learning and memory in rodents and corresponding reverse-translated human paradigms in real or virtual environments are key tools to study hippocampal function. In common variants, the animal or human participant has to find a hidden goal that remains in the same place over many trials, allowing for incremental learning of the place with reference to distal cues surrounding the circular, featureless maze. Although the hippocampus is involved in incremental place learning, rodent studies have shown that the delayed-matching-to-place (DMP) watermaze test is a more sensitive assay of hippocampal function. On the DMP test, the goal location changes every four trials, requiring the rapid updating of place memory. Here, we developed a virtual DMP test reverse-translated from the rat watermaze DMP paradigm. In two replications, participants showed 1-trial place learning, evidenced by marked latency and path length savings between Trials 1 and 2 to the same goal location, and by search preference for the vicinity of the goal when Trial 2 was run as probe trial (during which the goal was removed). The performance was remarkably similar to rats' performance on the watermaze DMP test. In both replications, male participants showed greater savings and search preferences compared to female participants. Male participants also showed better mental rotation performance, although mental rotation scores did not consistently correlate with DMP performance measures, pointing to distinct neurocognitive mechanisms. The remarkable similarity between rodent and human DMP performance suggests similar underlying neuro-psychological mechanisms, including hippocampus dependence. The new virtual DMP test may, therefore, provide a sensitive tool to probe human hippocampal function.

Live free or die motionless: Walking the migrant path from Italy to France

This essay and the photographs examine visual traces of irregular mobility in the border landscape between Italy and France. The ruined buildings and objects witness decades of movement of undocumented people on this old migrant path across the mountains. By taking the theoretical concept of multidirectional memory (Rothberg 2009) the essay argues that the Path of Hope can be thought of as a memory site through which the issues of migration in contemporary Europe can be seen in a more sustainable light. The ruins and discarded objects link memories of different places – including different border zones – in ways that allow us to critically examine borders as a practice – rather than as existing dividing lines. Reading visuality of this border zone allows one to imagine a migrant’s vision of the landscape.

장소기억 회복을 위한 ‘빈집’ 기반 에코뮤지엄 전시콘텐츠 기획 연구

장소기억 회복을 위한 ‘빈집’ 기반 에코뮤지엄 전시콘텐츠 기획 연구

Poza pamięć zbiorową — społeczne wymiary pamiętania miasta. Zarys problematyki na przykładzie projektu „Wrocław. Pamiętam, że…”

The author suggests that research into the socially constructed collective past should be expanded to include motifs of social memory that are negotiated in private discourse and emerge intersubjectively (often unconsciously) at the level of everyday life. She considers the relation between places of memory and memory of places, and between social memory and individual memory. The article is based on empirical material from the reminiscences of Wrocław inhabitants published in the book [Wrocław: I Remember… Wrocław. Pamiętam, że…], which was prepared in connection with Wrocław’s role as European Capital of Culture 2016.

ParticipART – “Amanhã Temos Bom Dia”. Projeto Artístico de Intervenção Comunitária

The text presents the work process developed in the context of project ParticipArt – Creation, Community and Development, which took place in historic center of Seixal with the partnership of the Cultural Association L1B. The intervention focused on research about memory of places, workmanship and living experiences of the local community, included the participation of students and graduate students of Visual Arts and Technologies degree, and Artistic and Cultural Mediation degree of Superior School of Education of the Polytechnic Institute of Lisbon.Through practices associated with Street Art or Community-based Art, some approaches to local issues were proposed. These approaches, within the scope of visual and performative arts (music and theatre), centre around the passing of collective memory of places or labour, taking into account the sharing of social, creative, technical and artistic knowledge as well as the expression of intersubjectivities. In this sense, connections were developed between the subjects of industrial labour memory, rural-urban migrations and collective construction of identities, connected to the places. The work process was developed in articulation with the “Becos e Esquinas” (corners and alleys) project, proposed by L1B e comprehended the making of a multidisciplinary show with the title “Amanha temos bom dia” (Tomorrow we’ll have a good day) and plural artistic interventions in the urban space.

Recent and remote retrograde memory deficit in rats with medial entorhinal cortex lesions.

The hippocampus is critically involved in the acquisition and retrieval of spatial memories. Even though some memories become independent of the hippocampus over time, expression of spatial memories have consistently been found to permanently depend on the hippocampus. Recent studies have focused on the adjacent medial entorhinal cortex (MEC), as it provides major projections to the hippocampus. These studies have shown that lesions of the MEC disrupt spatial processing in the hippocampus and impair spatial memory acquisition on the watermaze task. MEC lesions acquired after learning the watermaze task also disrupt recently acquired spatial memories. However, the effect of MEC lesions on remotely acquired memories is unknown. The current study examined the effect of MEC lesions on recent and remote memory retrieval using three hippocampus-dependent tasks: the watermaze, trace fear conditioning, and novel object recognition. MEC lesions caused impaired retrieval of recently and remotely acquired memory for the watermaze. Rats with MEC lesions also showed impaired fear memory when exposed to the previously conditioned context or the associated tone, and this reduction was seen both when the lesion occurred soon after trace fear condition and when it occurred a month after conditioning. In contrast, MEC lesions did not disrupt novel object recognition. These findings indicate that even with an intact hippocampus, rats with MEC lesions cannot retrieve recent or remote spatial memories. In addition, the involvement of the MEC in memory extends beyond is role in navigation and place memory.

Sentence Structure Analysis in Patients with Ischemic Stroke

Introduction. The definition of brain health and the best method of promoting optimal brain health is an American Heart Association/American Stroke Association initiative. Intact cognitive function is important following an ischemic stroke for successful rehabilitation. Therefore having a simple metric of cognitive function would be optimal for all health professionals.Aim. The aim of this study was to investigate if using Developmental Sentence Scoring (DSS) on sentences written by patients on a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) could provide a simple metric of cognitive function.Material and Methods. This secondary analysis reports on sentences written by patients after an ischemic stroke using quantitative and conventional content analysis methods.Results. A mean score of 24.38 (SD±13, range 9–30) was found in the 76 patients who had written something in the course of the Folstein MMSE. The number of words ranged from 1 to 16 with the greatest number (21) averaging 5 words. The DSS ranged from 0–11 with a mean of 4. The mean Folstein MMSE (N=30), was 27.53 (SD±2.74, range 18–30) in patients who consented to a home visit 3 years after their stroke. Twenty seven of the 30 patients had written something and the number of words ranged from 1 to 12 with the greatest number (10) averaging 5 words. The DSS ranged from 0–12 with a mean of 4. Conventional content analysis revealed an overarching pattern articulated in two ways: (1) Awareness of recent space and time and remote memories of people and place (2) Expression of the self as person.Conclusions. This secondary analysis provides normative data and a rich description of cognitive function in a group of individuals describing the DSS at baseline and again at 3 years after stroke but the sample was too small to be able to provide a simple metric of cognitive function. (JNNN 2018;7(4):140–144)

Relocating cued goals induces population remapping in CA1 related to memory performance in a two‐platform water task in rats

The activity of CA1 neurons in the rodent hippocampus represents multiple aspects of learning episodes, including cue and place information. Previous reports on cue and place representation in CA1 have examined activity in single neurons and population recordings during free exploration of an environment or when actions are directed to either cue or place aspects of memory tasks. To better understand cue and place memory representation in CA1, and how these interact during goal-directed navigation, we investigated population activity in CA1 during memory encoding and retrieval in a novel water task with two visibly distinct platforms, using mRNA for immediate early genes Arc and Homer1a as markers of neural activity. After training, relocating cues to new places induces an extensive, perhaps global, remapping of the memory code that is accompanied by altered navigation and rapid learning of new cue-place information. In addition, we have found a significant relationship between the extent of reactivation and overall cue choice accuracy. These findings demonstrate an important relationship between population remapping in CA1 and memory-guided behavior.

Our Lady of Ipswich: devotion, dissonance, and the agitation of memory at a forgotten pilgrimage site

AbstractThis article traces the social life of Our Lady of Ipswich, a statue taken to be destroyed during the English Reformation, and the possibility of pilgrimage in the context of dramatic urban change and loss of place memory. Arguing that iconoclasm is not an end‐point, we see that the life of the image is not extinguished on the pyre, but is set into motion by conflict surrounding its significance, efficacy, and survival. Indeed, it is not simply the act of iconoclasm that animates the statue; rather, such agonistic animation is an ongoing process which involves both those who reject and those who are devoted to the image. My argument is that the potency of contemporary images of Our Lady of Ipswich relies on an active cultivation of dissonance: the consciousness of religious schism; the disjuncture between Ipswich's historical importance and the perceived failures of twentieth‐century development; and the juxtaposition between devotional pilgrimage destination and disenchanted shopping space.

Place Attachment as Indicator for Place Significance and Value

Place attachment is a form of connection between a person and the environmental setting. In the production of urban places, planners and designers mainly focus on the quality of the physical components. However, the aspects of meanings and attachment are not adequately considered in the planning and decision-making process. This study utilizes semi-structured interview method to examine place attachment dimensions in understanding the values of a place in the life of the users. Sample cases include examining attachment to streets in the city centre of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It was evident that users’ roles and ethnic backgrounds influenced their responses. Attachment to the places was economically, socially and culturally oriented and prevalent in their daily experience of the places, and the place memories recalled. Keywords: Place attachment; meaning; value; userseISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.

Preface.

Preface.

Tystnader och synliggöranden kring staden

This article examines teen girls’ memories of places and encounters in Turku (Finland), in relation to local discourses on teenagers and public or semi-public places. The empirical material consists of written memories by ninety-seven girls, in addition to newspaper articles, online discussions, blog entries and everyday talk about the city. I argue that silences can be as significant as the voiced. The theoretical work of Michel de Certeau, with the concepts tactics and strategies, are used in the article to examine spatial power dynamics. Henri Lefebvre’s theorization of the spatial triad, with its perceived, conceived and lived space, is also used to understand teen girls’ encounters and practices in different places in the city. In the article, I discuss silences in the memories, silences in the local discourse, and gendered encounters. The shopping mall and the library function as focus points for discussing the two different silences. When I discuss gendered encounters, mainly teen girls’ encounters with boys and adult men, a large variety of places is discussed. I argue that emancipation interconnects most, but not all, of the memories. The shopping mall can symbolize an emancipation from the adult, as the memories concern the first time visiting the shopping mall without parents. In return, the library is a place that the girl can visit alone, without friends, as the memories show. Emancipation can also be connected to agency and tactics. As the memories illustrate, girls use different tactics to emancipate themselves from patriarchal structures, when they meet, confront and ward off adult unfamiliar men. Apart from emancipation, I argue that the place-based memories can be understood as identity markers.