Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire Research Articles

The Prediction of Quality of Life Based on Self-esteem, Mental Health and Sleep Quality Variables in Obese and Overweight Girl Students

Background: Obesity of children and adolescents has many different detrimental effects on body image, self-esteem (SE), depression and social isolation that are effective on their mental and social health. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to predict the quality of life (QOL) of obese and overweight girl students in Kermanshah city based on self-esteem, mental health and sleep quality variables. Methods: The research is a descriptive-analytical study that 419 obese and overweight girl students were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling and simple random sampling. For collection of needed data, several questionnaires including demographic, Rosenberg self-esteem, Goldberg general health, Pittsburgh sleep quality questionnaires and quality of life questionnaire related to word health organization were used. The BMI estimation method of the centers for disease control was used to determine overweight and obesity. Obtained data were analyzed using regression analysis in SPSS (Ver. 19) software environment. Results: The result of simple linear regression analysis showed that self-esteem, sleep quality and mental health variables, predict 0.11, 0.20, and 0.25 of the variance of total score for QOL, respectively. Multiple regression results indicated that mental health and sleep of quality variables had a significant effect on all dimensions and overall QOL scores (P < 0.01) simultaneously. The increasing effect of self-esteem on the dimensions of social relationships (P < 0.005), environmental health (P < 0.01) and overall QOL score (P < 0.01) was significant. According to obtained results, QOL has a direct and significant correlation with self-esteem (P < 0.01) mental health (P < 0.001) and, sleep quality (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that mental health is the most important and influential factor on the quality of life of obese adolescent girls. The results of this study indicated that a planning is need to promote girls’ mental health.

Does the Short Period of Resistance Training May Improve the Sleep Quality? Pilot Study

Purpose: The present study aimed evaluated the influence of exercise program on sleep quality of sedentary individuals. Methods: The study evaluated 30 subjects after resistance training session constituted by six multi-joints exercises (leg press, chest press, machine let pull down, seated machine shoulder press, crunches and machine trunk extension) three times a week for 40 days. The intensity of the effort was controlled using the follow criteria: the ideal repetitions for each set was between eight and fifteen. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire (PSQI) was applied before and after training period. Results: There was a significant effect of short-term resistance training on all sub-scores of PSQI (p0.05). Conclusion: The resistance training program was able to improve the sleep quality in healthy subjects. In addition, the applicability of low-cost instruments (psychometric instruments like PSQI) to evaluate health parameters, which could be strengthened by other studies.

0824 Improving Subjective Sleep Quality Measures Through Mindfulness Training in the Elderly: Preliminary Data from the Mindfulness Sleep Therapy (MIST) Study

Abstract Introduction Poor sleep is a modifiable risk factor for multiple chronic disorders. Mindfulness-based therapies potentially improve sleep by enhancing awareness and acceptance of internal and external experiences, thus reducing pre-sleep hyper-arousal. In this pre-registered, randomized controlled trial, we tested the effect of mindfulness-based treatment for insomnia (MBTI) on subjective sleep quality measures (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire, PSQI) in the elderly. Methods Participants above 50 years old with sleep difficulties (PSQI ≥ 5) (mean (sd) age = 62.0 (6.35), 44 female) attended either an 8-week MBTI (N = 34) or sleep hygiene education and exercise program (SHEEP; N = 35). Before and after the interventions, we collected PSQI, insomnia symptoms and features measures (Pre-Sleep Arousal Scale, PSAS; Insomnia Severity Index, ISI; Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep, DBAS-30), mindfulness (Five-Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire, FFMQ), and mood and anxiety (Back Depression Inventory, BDI; State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI). PSQI and PSAS (N = 26 to date) were collected at 6-month follow-up. Data were analysed with repeated-measures ANCOVA with group as a between-subject variable for the first 69 participants who completed the study. Results We observed significant improvement across both groups for sleep measures (PSQI: F1,67=36.442, p<.01; PSAS-Cognitive: F1,67=12.664, p<.01; ISI: F1,67=36.442, p<.0; DBAS: F1,67=28.749, p<.01) and mood (BDI: F1,67=26.393, p<.01; STAI-State: F1,67=4.608, p=.04; STAI-Trait: F1,67=7.687, p<.01), but not for Mindfulness (F1,67=2.256, p=.14) nor PSAS-somatic. No significant group by time interactions were found. We observed a correlation between PSQI decreases and FFMQ increases in MBTI (r=-.53, p<.01), but not in SHEEP (r=-.07, p=.70) participants. ANCOVA of 6-month PSQI data revealed a significant group by time interaction (F1,24=19.525, p=.03), with reduction from baseline in MBTI (t12=4.769, p<.01), but not in SHEEP group (t12=3.813, p=.08). Conclusion Preliminary results support MBTI as an accessible but effective behavioural intervention with potential long-term benefits for improving sleep and mood, and reducing cognitive-emotional arousal in the elderly. Support This study was supported by an award from the 7th grant call of the Singapore Millennium Foundation Research Grant Programme

A Cross–sectional Study on the Assessment of Quality of Sleep among the Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Rural Area

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus results from the body’s ineffective use of insulin. Type 2 diabetes mellitus comprises the majority of people with diabetes around the world and is largely the result of excess body weight and physical inactivity. Symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination and unexplained weight loss. There are studies emphasising that type 2 diabetes mellitus has a higher incidence of sleep disorders which may be due to the disease or caused by the complications associated with diabetes. Contrarily, erratic and disturbed sleep habits has been directly linked to diabetes mellitus, obesity and metabolic syndrome. Aims and Objectives: This study has been undertaken to establish the negative impact of blood glucose level on the quality of sleep. Methodology: This is a cross sectional study carried out on 177 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Structured questionnaire (Pittsburgh sleep quality questionnaire) was administered. Results: In this study the prevalence of sleep disorders was found to be 135 (76.3%) type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Among the study subjects, it was found that 121 (68.4%) participants of the study were women and 56 (31.6%) were men. It was also found that females had a higher prevalence of sleep disturbances (79.3%). Mean age of all the participants was found to be 56.63 and 63 (35.6%) participants fell under 55-64 years age group which was the highest. Majority of the patients were illiterate 72 (40.7%) and education was found to have a significant relationship with sleep disturbance. Compliance to drug therapy, concomitant medication and age also had a significant relationship to the factors influencing their quality of sleep. Education, compliance to drug therapy, concomitant medication and age are the risk factors of developing sleep disorders in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Conclusion: Therefore, due consideration has to be given to address the problem of sleep disturbance in diabetics and enhance the care and treatment program along with effective health education of the population.

Psychological and Sleep Effects of Tryptophan and Magnesium-Enriched Mediterranean Diet in Women with Fibromyalgia.

Anxiety, mood disturbance, eating and sleep disorders, and dissatisfaction with body image are prevalent disorders in women with fibromyalgia. The authors of this study aimed to determine the effects of tryptophan (TRY) and magnesium-enriched (MG) Mediterranean diet on psychological variables (trait anxiety, mood state, eating disorders, self-image perception) and sleep quality in women with fibromyalgia (n = 22; 49 ± 5 years old). In this randomized, controlled trial, the participants were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the placebo group. The intervention group received a Mediterranean diet enriched with high doses of TRY and MG (60 mg of TRY and 60 mg of MG), whereas the control group received the standard Mediterranean diet. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire, Body Shape Questionnaire, State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Profile of Mood States (POMS-29) Questionnaire, Eating Attitudes Test-26, and Trait Anxiety Inventory were completed before and 16 weeks after the intervention. Significant differences were observed between groups after the intervention for the mean scores of trait anxiety (p = 0.001), self-image perception (p = 0.029), mood disturbance (p = 0.001), and eating disorders (p = 0.006). This study concludes that tryptophan and magnesium-enriched Mediterranean diet reduced anxiety symptoms, mood disturbance, eating disorders, and dissatisfaction with body image but did not improve sleep quality in women with fibromyalgia.

Morningness-Eveningness Chronotypes, Sleep Quality, and Sleepiness Among Nurses

Background:Poor sleep quality and sleepiness is a common problem in nurses. The morningness-eveningness preference of nurses may affect their sleep quality.Objective:The objectives of this study were (1) to describe the quality of sleep in a group of hospital nurses and (2) to analyze the effect of shift work and morningness-eveningness on the sleep quality of nurses.Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 120 nurses completed the survey in a university hospital in Iran. The study tools were Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). Nurses with PSQI>5 and ESS≥10 were considered having poor sleep quality and excessive daytime sleepiness. Nurses were subdivided into morning-, intermediate- and evening-types according to MEQ. Data were analyzed by chi-square, Mann–Whitney U-test, logistic regression, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) tests.Results:The mean (±SD) of PSQI and ESS was 6.88(2.18) and 9.5(±3.9), respectively. About 74% of nurses reported poor sleep quality, and near 40% of the nurses had excessive daytime sleepiness. Sixty percent of nurses were intermediate-type, and the remaining was morning (24.2%) and evening (15.8%) types. The sleep quality and daytime sleepiness had a significant relation with shift work. The mean PSQI was significantly different between shift work and non-shift work nurses. The mean PSQI of three main chronotypes was statistically different.Conclusion:Poor sleep quality was prevalent in the nurses and was significantly associated with shift work and chronotype. The sleep preference of nurses would be considered as an important factor in the assignment of shift work by hospital managers.

Quality of sleep in patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Hypopnea Syndrome

Objective: To correlate sleep quality with the severity of the patient's effort to polysomnography. Methods: A random sample of 15 adult patients of both genders, aged 29-68 years, who were referred for polysomnography examination at a hospital in the city of Porto Alegre / RS, Brazil, were randomly selected. In addition, all the patients in the sample received a Speech and Language Pathology Assessment Protocol for OSAHS (adapted) and later the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire.

The Association of Body Mass Index and Body Composition with Pain, Disease Activity, Fatigue, Sleep and Anxiety in Women with Fibromyalgia.

The link between fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) and obesity has not been thoroughly investigated. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among body mass index (BMI) and body composition parameters, including fat mass, fat mass percentage, and visceral fat, as well as FMS features, such as tender point count (TPC), pain, disease activity, fatigue, sleep quality, and anxiety, in a population of FMS women and healthy controls. A total of seventy-three women with FMS and seventy-three healthy controls, matched on weight, were included in this cross-sectional study. We used a body composition analyzer to measure fat mass, fat mass percentage, and visceral fat. Tender point count (TPC) was measured by algometry pressure. The disease severity was measured with the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ-R) and self-reported global pain was evaluated with the visual analog scale (VAS). To measure the quality of sleep, fatigue, and anxiety we used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire (PSQI), the Spanish version of the multidimensional fatigue inventory (MFI), and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), respectively. Of the women in this study, 38.4% and 31.5% were overweight and obese, respectively. Significant differences in FIQ-R.1 (16.82 ± 6.86 vs. 20.66 ± 4.71, p = 0.030), FIQ-R.3 (35.20 ± 89.02 vs. 40.33 ± 5.60, p = 0.033), and FIQ-R total score (63.87 ± 19.12 vs. 75.94 ± 12.25, p = 0.017) among normal-weight and overweight FMS were observed. Linear analysis regression revealed significant associations between FIQ-R.2 (β(95% CI) = 0.336, (0.027, 0.645), p = 0.034), FIQ-R.3 (β(95% CI) = 0.235, (0.017, 0.453), p = 0.035), and FIQ-R total score (β(95% CI) = 0.110, (0.010, 0.209), p = 0.032) and BMI in FMS women after adjusting for age and menopause status. Associations between sleep latency and fat mass percentage in FMS women (β(95% CI) = 1.910, (0.078, 3.742), p = 0.041) and sleep quality and visceral fat in healthy women (β(95% CI) = 2.614, (2.192, 3.036), p = 0.008) adjusted for covariates were also reported. The higher BMI values are associated with poor FIQ-R scores and overweight and obese women with FMS have higher symptom severity. The promotion of an optimal BMI might contribute to ameliorate some of the FMS symptoms.

Quality of life and sleep in diabetes mellitus patients

Aim: As in other chronic diseases, symptom and signs of psychiatric disorders are more common in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) than in the general population. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of life and sleep in DM patients.Material and Methods: A total of 100 DM patients, 56 (56%) female and 44 (44%) male, were included in the study. Control group consisted of 100 healthy volunteers (53 females (53%) and 47 males (47%)). The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of participants were recorded. Patients were asked to complete the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF–36) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire (PSQ). Score calculations were made according to the survey results. Data were analyzed using SPSS 14 program.Results: A statistically significant difference was found between the patient and control group in all sub-parameters of quality of life (p 0.05). When the mean of all sub-parameters was evaluated, it was detected that all quality of life scores of the patients were lower than the control group. PSQ subscale scores were significantly different between patient and control groups (p 0.001). The total PSQ score of the patients was 9.14 ± 4.07 and the control group was 5.38 ± 3.30. Conclusion: According to our study results, impaired quality of life and sleep observed in DM patients. We think that the evaluation of sociodemographic variables that may affect the quality of life and sleep quality and accordingly planning the treatment strategy would have positive contributions in the treatment of DM.

Sleep quality and fatigue levels of mothers in the period of transition to additional food

<b>Purpose:</b> To determine the sleep quality and fatigue levels of mothers in the period of transition additional food. <b>Materials and methods:</b> It was a relation seeking descriptive study which contained 377 mothers who had sixth month babies. The datas of the study was collected in Samsun between June and December 2015 with "Personal Information Form", "Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire” and "Piper Fatigue Scale”. The statistical analysis of the data was made with using percentages, means, <i>t</i> test, ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis, Man Whitney U and correlation test. <b>Results:</b> It was found that the average age of mothers was 28.1±5.2 years, 44.8% of them high school graduated, 25.2% of them working outside, 78.8% of them lived in a nuclear family. It was determined 69.6% of the babies passed the additional food before sixth month, and 31.5% of them passed with baby formula. It was appointed that the 65.3% of mothers in period of transition additional food experienced sleep problems and 66.6% of them experienced fatigue. It was found a positive weak and significant correlation between the mothers Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire scores and and Piper Fatigue Scale scores (p<0.05). <b>Conclusion:</b> It was seen that in the period of transition additional food, the mothers experience problems about the passing time, first foods and feeding method and this situation causes insomnia and fatigue. According to the results it could be recommended to development of training programs for the improvement of mothers' sleep quality and fatigue levels.

Physical Activity and Sleep Quality in Students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport of Braşov, Romania

Background and objectives: The purpose of this research is to assess the level of physical activity (PAL) and quality of sleep in students of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport of Braşov, Romania. This research will also analyse the correlation between these two parameters. Materials and Methods: The study participants consist of 394 students (255 male and 139 female) of Transilvania University of Braşov. Participants in this study are from three specializations: Physical Education and Sport (PES), Kinetotherapy and Special Motility (KSM), Sport and Physical Performance (SPP). To assess PAL, we used the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF); and to measure sleep quality, we used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire (PSQI). Results: The study shows one average intensity correlation between sleep quality and physical activity (PA), rho (0.585). Certain correlations can be found between the two parameters, depending on the students’ specialization. The biggest differences between the two parameters are found between PES and KSM, and SPP and KSM. Conclusions: PA is beneficial for the body, and can improve the quality and quantity of sleep, if carried out systematically and continuously.

Sleep quality in patients with positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia

Background: Schizophrenia is a debilitating psychiatric disorder that primarily manifests itself in two ways, showing either positive or negative symptoms. Sleep disorders are one of the main attributes of this disorder that affects the quality of patients with schizophrenia. The evaluation of the quality of sleep in patients showing both positive and negative symptoms can be useful in the planning program of the diagnosis and treatment of these patients. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the quality of sleep of schizophrenic patients showing positive symptoms with those who show negative symptoms.Methods: This study was descriptive-analytic in nature. A total of 100 patients suffering from schizophrenia admitted to the Farabi Hospital in Kermanshah, Iran, during 2015-16, were considered for this study. We used convenience sampling to assign the participants into 2 groups of patients showing positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, respectively. The data were collected by conducting face-to-face interviews. Two questionnaires were used, namely, the Anderson Positive and Negative Symptoms Questionnaire and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire. The data were analyzed with the SPSS-22 software.Results: There was a significant difference between the overall score of sleep quality in patients with positive and negative symptoms for schizophrenia (P = 0.046) with the patients with positive symptoms reporting poorer sleep quality. In addition, patients with the positive symptoms showed a higher impairment of daily functions than those with negative symptoms (p = 0.024). However, there was no significant difference in the subjective quality of sleep, delayed sleep, sleep duration, sleep disorders and the use of sleep medications between the 2 groups (P >0.05).Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the quality of sleep in patients with positive symptoms is poorer than those with negative symptoms, which is associated with a higher impairment in their daily functions. Therefore, attention to sleep quality is recommended during the person-centered treatment of these patients.

The Effect of Transcotaneus Electrical Acupoint Stimulation on Sleep Quality in Nurses

Background: Sleep problems are one of the most common health problems in people with shift jobs. Due to being awake during night, nurses face with sleep problems, resulting in impaired cognitive functioning and professional mistakes. One of the common treatments in complementary medicine is transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of TEAS on the sleep quality in nurses working shift in Kermanshah hospitals. Methods: This study was a single-blind clinical trial conducted in Kermanshah city in 2015. The research population included 36 shift nurses working in Kermanshah hospitals. Nurse’s sleep quality was evaluated by pittsburgh sleep quality questionnaire. We used “electrical stimulating acupuncture point’s machine”. The excitatory points included SP6, LI4 and HT7. Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between Pittsburgh sleep quality index in three groups before the intervention (P > 0.05). After the intervention, the sleep quality index was significantly increased in the real points group and sham points (P < 0.001), (P = 0.016). Conclusions: The results of this study showed that electrical stimulation of acupuncture points can be effective in improving the overall index of sleep quality of shift work nurses. It is recommended that objective tools be used to study the effects of this method more precisely.

Cardiorespiratory parameters and glycated hemoglobin of patients with type 2 diabetes after a rehabilitation program.

Introduction:Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction reflex of the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus (DM) favors an increase in morbidity and mortality related to cardiovascular events, and for this reason has been one of the most studied clinical entities.Method:An experimental study of a randomized clinical trial type was therefore proposed to analyze the hemodynamic and glycemic response after the practice of a rehabilitation program in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this clinical trial the patients will initially be submitted to an evaluation protocol that consists of assessing blood pressure, heart rate, Borg scale, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, distance traveled through the 6-minute walk test, quality of life questionnaire, Pittsburgh sleep quality questionnaire, and still glycated hemoglobin and heart rate variability through the cardiofrequency meter. After careful evaluation of the patients, they will be submitted to a metabolic rehabilitation program composed of aerobic and resisted exercises, performed for 12 weeks, in 3 weekly meetings of 60 minutes each. With such evaluations, it will be possible to construct with evidence that it is possible to work safer metabolic rehabilitation programs in patients with T2DM or other diseases that generate cardiovascular risks, guaranteeing them an improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness, hemodynamic and glycemic variables, allowing improvement of the quality of life.Ethics and Dissemination:The protocol is approved by the host institution's ethics committee under the number 1.616.721. Results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed journal articles and conferences. This clinical trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT3094767.

Biological Rhythms, Sleep Quality and Postpartum Depression Disorder

Postpartum Depression Disorder (PDD) is one of the most recent major depressive episodes, many of which begin with symptoms during pregnancy and become more intense after childbirth. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of biological rhythms and sleep quality in the prediction of PDD. The research method was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of this study included all women with PDD who referred to health centers of Talesh city (Iran) in the second half of 2016. A total of 110 women were selected through purposive sampling and responded to the Biological rhythms interview, Pittsburgh's Sleep Quality Questionnaires and Beck's Depression Inventory. Data was analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that postpartum depression has a positive correlation with the disturbance of biological rhythms and sleep problems. The results of regression analysis also showed that biological rhythms and sleep quality predict 44% and 43% of postpartum depression in women under study. These results indicate that disturbance in biological rhythms and sleep, arose at postpartum period, may be a major risk factor for postpartum depression.

Dynamics of clinico-psychological characteristics in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and arterial hypertension after one month of the use of CPAP therapy

Objective. To determine the dynamics of the clinical and psychological characteristics on the background of 1 month of CPAP therapy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) and arterial hypertension (AH), both adherent and non-adherent to the treatment. Methods. The study included 180 patients with OSA and AH. Upon enrollment, anthropometric data, the results of polysomnography and cardiorespiratory studies, Beck depression scale, Spielberger personal and situational anxiety scale, Epworth daytime sleepiness scale, Pittsburgh sleep quality questionnaire and Quality of Life (WHO QOL-100) questionnaire were analysed. Out of 40 patients undergoing CPAP therapy, 30 patients were adherent to the treatment within a month. The adherence criterion was considered to be the usage of the CPAP device more than 4 hours per night, more than 5 days a week. In this article, the dynamics of the questionnaire scales is given only for those who were adherent to CPAP therapy. Results. Patients with OSA and AH adherent to CPAP therapy showed a statistically significant reduction in daytime sleepiness and depression, as well as improved quality of sleep and quality of life in the physical domain within 1 month of using CPAP therapy. Conclusion. Even short-term use of CPAP therapy in patients with OSA and AH leads to a reduction in daytime sleepiness and depression, improved quality of sleep and quality of life in the physical domain.

Association between sleep and leukocyte telomere length in middle-aged and older adults

Objective: To understand the association between peripheral leukocytes telomere length (TL) and sleep in middle-aged and old adults. Methods: A total of 176 middle-aged and old adults were investigated by using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and questionnaire. TL was measured by fluorescence quantitative PCR. The correlation and regression analysis between sleep and telomere length was performed. Results: TL had a mean T/S ratio of 0.995±0.23. There was a negative correlation between TL and age (r=-0.241, P=0.003). With increasing age, sleep quality became worse (r=-0.230, P<0.01), the time to fall asleep became longer (r=0.227, P<0.01), sleep duration was shorter (r=-0.486, P<0.01), sleep efficiency became worse (r=-0.226, P<0.01). After controlling for the effects of gender, age, marital status, income level, residence, smoking, drinking, physical exercise and disease status, multiple linear regression analysis indicated that sleep quality (β=0.057, P<0.01), time to fall asleep (β=-0.046, P<0.01), sleep duration (β=0.086, P<0.01) were independent influencing factors of telomere length, suggesting that the people who had better sleep quality, the shorter time to fall asleep, the longer sleep time would have longer telomere length. Conclusions: Sleep is a relevant factor affecting TL in middle-aged and elderly population. Good sleep may delay aging by slowing TL. We encourage to conduct health education about the importance of sleep quality in community.

Sleep disturbances among patients with epilepsy.

AimThe aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of sleep disorders among patients with epilepsy and to compare the incidence of sleep disorders between the clinical and demographics factors.Materials and methodsThe study was conducted among 302 patients with epilepsy. Sleep disturbances were measured with the Polish version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire (PSQI). The questionnaire prepared and applied by the authors contained questions relating to sociodemographic characteristics, clinical status, and sleep.Results and conclusionMean PSQI score in the study group was 9±2 points, with the range of 4–16 points. PSQI test results were analyzed with regard to clinical and demographic characteristics of those suffering from epilepsy: gender, age, profession, body mass index, illness duration, number of medicines taken, type of seizures, frequency of seizures, time which elapsed since last seizure, provocative factor of seizure attacks, occurrence of adverse effects of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Furthermore, the existence of a relationship between PSQI test result and particular sleep-related factors or particular sleep conditions was examined. However, the examination of a relationship between certain independent variables and the final PSQI test result did not prove the existence of a statistically relevant influence (in all cases P>0.05).

Sleep quality and its relationship with quality of life in Iranian pregnant women.

Sleep disorders are a common problem during pregnancy and may affect quality of life. This study aimed to determine the status of sleep quality and its relationship with quality of life in Iranian pregnant women. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 565 women recruited using 2-stage cluster sampling methods. Data were collected using sociodemographic characteristics; quality of life; and Pittsburgh sleep quality questionnaire between March and May 2015. About 6% of the women had a sleep disorder. There were significant correlations between quality of life and total score of sleep quality, subdomains of habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, and daytime dysfunction. Paying attention to the sleep quality as an effective factor of quality of life can promote sleep quality and hence quality of life of pregnant women.

Relationship between sleep quality and mental health according to demographics of 850 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

We aimed to study sleep problems in hospitalized chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and assess the relationship of sleep quality with mental health and demographics of patients. Our study sample consisted of 850 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients hospitalized in Masih Daneshvari Hospital. Demographic data were collected and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality and mental health questionnaires were filled out for patients. The results showed that 5.9 percent were suffering from severe sleep problems, while 4.7 percent had severe mental problems. A strong positive correlation was found between the total scores of mental health and sleep quality ( p < 0.01). The prevalence of sleep and mental health problems was higher in females compared to males. Mental health and sleep quality play important roles in quality of life of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.