Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire Research Articles

COVID-19 pandemic decreased sleep quality of medical students

Medical students are especially vulnerable to situations of poor sleep quality due to academic demands. The COVID-19 pandemic brought significant changes and high psychological stress, causing a great impact on this population. Here we aim to analyze the influence of the pandemic on the sleep quality of medical students. Cross-sectional, observational, and descriptive study with a quantitative approach carried out with students from medical universities in Rio Grande do Norte state (Brazil) through the online application of two questionnaires: Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI-BR) and sociodemographic questionnaire (SQ). A total of 142 medical students participated in this study: 103 women and 39 men. We observed a prevalence of low sleep quality in 78.16% of the sample and that the pandemic significantly affected the sleep quality among medical students (p<0.05). We also found an alteration in the sleep pattern in 83% of the participants, mainly due to anxiety symptoms (38%). Finally, we observed no statistically significant difference in sleep quality or sleep patterns between genders or college period (p>0.05). This rate of poor sleep quality is higher than the prevalence of periods before the pandemic (58%). Concerns about COVID-19's negative impact on medical education, delayed training, and impact on the generation of medical jobs can directly aggravate the sleep quality. The COVID-19 pandemic negatively influenced the sleep quality of medical students, increasing the prevalence of poor sleep quality and promoting changes in the sleep pattern.

Self‐reported sleep quality interacts with Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers on brain structure and metabolism in cognitively unimpaired adults

AbstractBackgroundPoor sleep quality has been associated with a greater burden of AD pathology and altered brain structure in cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals. However, there is a lack of studies analysing associations between sleep quality and brain structure and function, while taking into account AD pathology. We aimed to test associations of self‐reported sleep quality with grey matter volume (GMv) and brain glucose metabolism in middle‐aged CU and sought interactions with biomarkers of AD pathology.MethodThis study included 340 CU adults from the ALFA+ cohort (Table 1). Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) questionnaire. We used Statistical Parametric Mapping software to process T1‐weighted MRI and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET scans, and analyse voxel‐wise associations with sleep quality. We created separate general linear models with GMv and FDG metabolism as dependent variables, and PSQI total score, age, sex, APOE‐ε4 status, education level and sleep medication as predictors. GMv analyses were additionally corrected for total intracranial volume. In additional models, CSF Aβ42/40 and phosphorylated tau (p‐tau181) ‐ were entered as covariates. We also tested the interaction between PSQI and AD biomarker status, (A+: Aβ42/40&lt;0.071, T+: p‐tau181&gt;24 pg/mL). Statistical significance was set at p&lt;0.005 uncorrected for multiple comparisons, with a cluster‐level threshold of 50 voxels.ResultHigher PSQI scores, indicating poorer sleep quality, were significantly associated with lower GMv in the left occipital fusiform gyrus and right middle orbitofrontal gyrus, and with lower brain glucose metabolism in the right temporal pole and parahippocampal gyrus (Figure 1.). Interaction analyses showed poorer sleep quality is associated with higher GMv in bilateral supramarginal gyrus in A+T‐ vs A‐T‐, and with higher glucose metabolism in bilateral thalamus in A+T+ vs A‐T‐ individuals (Figure 2).ConclusionPoorer sleep quality is associated with lower GMv and glucose metabolism in CU individuals, involving AD‐vulnerable regions. Sleep quality interacted with altered AD biomarkers to determine GMv and glucose metabolism in brain areas in which they are commonly found to be increased in preclinical AD stages. Altogether, our findings support sleep quality as a relevant factor early in the AD continuum.

Cross-sectional and longitudinal association of sleep and Alzheimer biomarkers in cognitively unimpaired adults.

Sleep abnormalities are prevalent in Alzheimer's disease, with sleep quality already impaired at its preclinical stage. Epidemiological and experimental data point to sleep abnormalities contributing to the risk of Alzheimer's disease. However, previous studies are limited by either a lack of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, reduced sample size or cross-sectional design. Understanding if, when, and how poor sleep contributes to Alzheimer's disease progression is important so that therapies can be targeted to the right phase of the disease. Using the largest cohort to date, the European Prevention of Alzheimer's Dementia Longitudinal Cohort Study, we test the hypotheses that poor sleep is associated with core Alzheimer's disease CSF biomarkers cross-sectionally and predicts future increments of Alzheimer's disease pathology in people without identifiable symptoms of Alzheimer's disease at baseline. This study included 1168 adults aged over 50 years with CSF core Alzheimer's disease biomarkers (total tau, phosphorylated tau and amyloid-beta), cognitive performance, and sleep quality (Pittsburgh sleep quality index questionnaire) data. We used multivariate linear regressions to analyse associations between core Alzheimer's disease biomarkers and the following Pittsburgh sleep quality index measures: total score of sleep quality, binarized score (poor sleep categorized as Pittsburgh sleep quality index > 5), sleep latency, duration, efficiency and disturbance. On a subsample of 332 participants with CSF taken at baseline and after an average period of 1.5 years, we assessed the effect of baseline sleep quality on change in Alzheimer's disease biomarkers over time. Cross-sectional analyses revealed that poor sleep quality (Pittsburgh sleep quality index total > 5) was significantly associated with higher CSF t-tau; shorter sleep duration (<7 h) was associated with higher CSF p-tau and t-tau; and a higher degree of sleep disturbance (1-9 versus 0 and >9 versus 0) was associated with lower CSF amyloid-beta. Longitudinal analyses showed that greater sleep disturbances (1-9 versus 0 and >9 versus 0) were associated with a decrease in CSF Aβ42 over time. This study demonstrates that self-reported poor sleep quality is associated with greater Alzheimer's disease-related pathology in cognitively unimpaired individuals, with longitudinal results further strengthening the hypothesis that disrupted sleep may represent a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. This highlights the need for future work to test the efficacy of preventive practices, designed to improve sleep at pre-symptomatic stages of disease, on reducing Alzheimer's disease pathology.

Impact of smoking intensities on sleep quality in young Saudi males: a comparative study

This study aimed to compare various components of sleep quality between cigarette smokers of various intensities and non-smokers in young Saudi males. In total, 73 healthy male participants (31 smokers and 42 non-smokers) aged 17-33 years were recruited over three months (August 2018 to October 2018). All participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. The smokers were then divided into three groups, according to their Smoking Index* (SI) (Cigarettes Per Day (CPD) X Years of Tobacco Use), into mild, moderate, and heavy smokers. The PSQI was significantly higher in heavy smokers than in mild smokers (P=0.022) or non-smokers (p=0.013). A significant positive correlation was observed between the PSQI and the smoking index (p=0.005). Sleep duration was significantly longer in heavy smokers compared to mild (p=0.032) and nonsmokers (p=0.047). Sleep disturbance was significantly higher in moderate than nonsmokers (p=0.035) and moderate than mild smokers (p=0.028). Sleep latency was significantly longer in heavy than nonsmokers (p=0.011). Daytime dysfunction was significantly higher in moderate than mild smokers (p=0.041). Habitual sleep efficiency was significantly greater in moderate than in either mild (p=0.013) or nonsmokers (p=0.021). The use of sleep medication was significantly higher in moderate than nonsmokers (p=0.041). The findings suggest that poorer sleep quality is positively associated with smoking intensity among young Saudi males. Considering the importance of sleep quality for well-being and health, these results suggest exploring how improving sleep quality could inform future smoking cessation interventions.

Association of Glaucoma with Poor Quality of Sleep in an Ethiopian Glaucoma Population - A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.

Glaucoma is a group of ocular disorders characterized by progressive optic nerve damage resulting in irreversible visual field defects. Poor quality of sleep in glaucoma patients could be explained by the reduction of the light input to the circadian system as a result of damage to photosensitive retinal ganglion cells in the retina. Information is limited on the association of poor quality of sleep with glaucoma in general and the Ethiopian glaucoma population in particular. The study aimed to explore the association between poor quality of sleep and glaucoma at a Tertiary Eye Care Center in Ethiopia. An institutional-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 glaucoma and 201 non-glaucoma participants recruited by systematic random sampling. Each group was administered with a Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Stata-14 was employed for data analysis; an independent t-test was used to show the statistical difference in the global mean PSQI score for the two groups. A binary logistic regression model was applied to identify factors associated with poor quality of sleep. Statistical significance was declared at a 95% confidence interval and a p-value of <0.05. The prevalence of poor quality of sleep was 82.5% among the glaucoma population, which statistically differed (p<0.001) from the non-glaucomatous population (55.7%). Poor quality of sleep in glaucoma was associated with older age (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=4.4, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.5-5.4), depression (AOR=2.9, 95% CI: 1.1-7.3), visual impairment (AOR=3.9, 95% CI: 1.3-12.3) and severe glaucoma (AOR=2.5, 95% CI: 1.1-5.9). Poor quality of sleep was significantly higher in the glaucoma population compared to their non-glaucoma control. It was associated with older age, depression, visual impairment and advanced glaucoma. Incorporating psychiatric counseling into the existing glaucoma follow-up was recommended.

The Effect of Giving Hatha Yoga Exercise on Increasing Sleep Quality in the Elderly in Karangkates Village

Background: The elderly have several health problems including decreased physical and mental functions of the elderly including decreased sleep quality. Sleep quality is important for the quality of human life. Sleep quality is one of the conditions in which the individual sleeps and can increase the feeling of freshness and fitness when awakened from sleep. Poor sleep quality can interfere with daily activities in the elderly. Hatha Yoga is a low impact aerobic exercise that can be given to the elderly to improve sleep quality. Objective: To determine the effect of giving hatha yoga exercise on improving sleep quality in the elderly. The research method used a quasi-experimental research design with One Group Pre-test-Post-test Design with 30 elderly respondents in Karangkates Village. Respondents were elderly who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The instrument in this study used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire. Giving Hatha Yoga Exercise intervention 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Research Results: Based on the analysis test using the Wilxocon test, the p-value of 0.000 &lt;0.05 was obtained, then H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted, which means that there is an effect of hatha yoga exercise on improving sleep quality in the elderly in Karangkates Village. Conclusion: There is an effect of giving hatha yoga exercise on improving sleep quality in the elderly in Karangkates Village.

The relationship between family functioning and psychotic-like experiences of college students: Chain multiple mediating effects.

To explore the mechanism of the relationship between college students' family functioning and psychotic-like experiences, a chain multi-intermediary model is constructed to investigate the multiple mediating effects of interpersonal adaptation, sleep quality and loneliness on college students' family functioning and psychotic-like experiences. Seven hundred seven college students in China were surveyed by using the Family Care Index Questionnaire, Loneliness Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Questionnaire, College Students' Interpersonal Adaptability Subscale and Community Assessment of Psychiatric Experiences. (a) The detection rate of psychotic-like experiences among college students is 72.14%, of which 6.93% reported frequent psychotic-like experiences; (b) There is a significant correlation between family functioning, sleep quality, loneliness, interpersonal adaptation and psychotic-like experiences of college students; (c) Interpersonal adaptation, loneliness and sleep quality of college students have chain multiple mediating effect in the relationship between family functioning and psychotic-like experiences. The results reveal the mechanism of the relationship between family functioning and psychotic-like experiences, which helps us to better understand how family functioning affects the occurrence and development of college students' psychotic-like experiences.

Short total sleep duration and poor sleep quality might be associated with asthenozoospermia risk: A case-control study.

Sleep has been related to a variety of health outcomes. However, no association between sleep and asthenozoospermia has been reported. The aim of this study is to first investigate the relationship between sleep status and asthenozoospermia risk. A case-control study, including 540 asthenozoospermia cases and 579 controls, was performed from June 2020 to December 2020 in the infertility clinic from Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University. Data on sleep status were collected by Pittsburgh sleep quality index questionnaires and asthenozoospermia was diagnosed based on the World Health Organization guidelines. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was calculated by logistic regression analysis to assess the aforementioned association. Results of this study demonstrated that compared with total sleep duration of 8–9 h/day, < 8 h/day was related to asthenozoospermia risk (OR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.05–1.99); compared to good sleep quality, poor sleep quality was associated with asthenozoospermia risk (OR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.04–1.77). There were multiplicative model interaction effects between sleep quality and tea drinking (p = 0.04), rotating night shift work (p < 0.01) on asthenozoospermia risk. However, we failed to detect any associations between night sleep duration, daytime napping duration, night bedtime, wake-up time, sleep pattern and asthenozoospermia risk. In conclusion, short total sleep duration and poor sleep quality might be related to asthenozoospermia risk. Further well-designed prospective studies are warranted to confirm our findings.

A Strategy to Inform Athlete Sleep Support From Questionnaire Data and Its Application in an Elite Athlete Cohort.

Information from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Athlete Sleep Behavior Questionnaire (ASBQ) provide the ability to identify the sleep disturbances experienced by athletes and their associated athlete-specific challenges that cause these disturbances. However, determining the appropriate support strategy to optimize the sleep habits and characteristics of large groups of athletes can be time-consuming and resource-intensive. The purpose of this study was to characterize the sleep profiles of elite athletes to optimize sleep-support strategies and present a novel R package, AthSlpBehaviouR, to aid practitioners with athlete sleep monitoring and support efforts. PSQI and ASBQ data were collected from a cohort of 412 elite athletes across 27 sports through an electronic survey. A k-means cluster analysis was employed to characterize the unique sleep-characteristic typologies based on PSQI and ASBQ component scores. Three unique clusters were identified and qualitatively labeled based on the z scores of the PSQI components and ASBQ components: cluster 1, "high-priority; poor overall sleep characteristics + behavioral-focused support"; cluster 2, "medium-priority, sleep disturbances + routine/environment-focused support"; and cluster 3, "low-priority; acceptable sleep characteristics + general support." The findings of this study highlight the practical utility of an unsupervised learning approach to perform clustering on questionnaire data to inform athlete sleep-support recommendations. Practitioners can consider using the AthSlpBehaviouR package to adopt a similar approach in athlete sleep screening and support provision.

The Relationship Between Circadian Typology and Dry Eye Symptoms in Chinese College Students.

PurposeTo explore the relationship between symptomatic dry eye and circadian typology in college students.MethodsThis study included 269 students from 3 Chinese universities. All participants completed the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire, the morningness-eveningness questionnaire (MEQ), and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) questionnaire. Participants were grouped into 3 types by the reduced MEQ (rMEQ) score:E-Type, N-Type, and M-Type. All these parameters were then analyzed for the effect on the severity of dry eye.ResultsThe occurrence rates of poor sleep quality (PSQI>5) and symptomatic dry eye (OSDI > 13) in the college students were 53.2% and 40.2%, respectively. The distribution of the circadian typology differed significantly among the college students with different dry eye severities (χ2 = 59.44, P = 0. 000), and E-type was associated with the most severe dry eye symptoms. The OSDI and PSQI scores were both significantly different among college students with different chronotypes (F = 22.14, P = 0.000; F = 15.21, P = 0.000; respectively). For both scores, the E-type scored the highest, followed by N-type, and M-type was the lowest. The circadian typology was an independent factor for dry eye. The risk of E-Type was 6.99 times higher than that of M-Type (P = 0.000), and the risk of N-types was 3.23 times higher than that of M-Type (P = 0.000). Sleep quality was also an independent risk factor for dry eye (P = 0.000). Gender and awareness of dry eye were not risk factors for dry eye.ConclusionThe severity of dry eye symptoms and sleep quality were associated with different circadian typologies. The more the circadian preference tended to be E-type, the worse the sleep quality and the more serious dry eye symptoms would appear.

Comparing the influence of foot reflexology and fasting mimicking diet on quality of life and sleep quality in obesity hypoventilation syndrome.

Obesity hypoventilation syndrome is one of the most serious outcomes of obesity-related respiratory difficulties, resulting in higher healthcare costs as well asincreased cardio-respiratory morbidity and mortality. Sixty-two males who had a high risk of obstructive sleep apnea according to the STOP-BANG Sleep Apnea Questionnaire were enrolled in the study. Theirage is 50-60years old, and they have a BMI of 35-40kg/m2, daytime hypercapnia, and sleep breathing problems. The patients were divided into two equal groupsat random reflexology fasting-mimicking diet groups. Weight, height, waist, and neck circumference wereassessed at the beginning of the study and after two months of the intervention. Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), which is used to evaluate sleep quality. The Maugeri Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (MOSAS) questionnaire was used toassess a patient's quality of life. There was a significant change in the MOSAS andPSQI questionnaires for both groups post-intervention, as the p-value was less than 0.05. The percentage changein the MOSAS questionnaire score and PSQI questionnaire was higher in the mimic diet group than inthe reflexology group. Also, the mimic diet group's weight and neck circumference were considerably reduced after the intervention, with no change in the reflexology group. Reflexology and a fasting-mimicking diet were found to have a substantial impact on enhancing thequality of life and sleep in people with obesity hypoventilation syndrome.

The effect of progressive muscle relaxation on sleep quality and postoperative pain in patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery

Background and aims: To investigate the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on sleep quality and postoperative pain in patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 60 patients undergoing surgery that enter were randomly divided into the muscle relaxation (n=30) or control group (n=30). Data were collected by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and McGill Pain Questionnaire before and after the intervention. Patients in the control group received routine care, but patients in the muscle relaxation group performed a progressive relaxation technique twice a week for one month. Results: Most of the male participants in both groups had diplomas. There is no significant difference between the two groups of relaxation and control regarding age, gender, occupation, and education levels. The mean sleep quality score in the control group was not significantly reduced after the intervention. However, the mean sleep quality in the relaxation group before 13.90±2.23 and after the intervention was 8.03±2.01 significantly decreased (P&lt;0.001). Also, the pain score was significantly reduced after the progressive relaxation group in the intervention group (P&lt;0.001). Although the two groups were the same in all the dimensions of sleep quality before the intervention, significant differences were observed between groups after the intervention in all the dimensions. Conclusion: Progressive muscle relaxation has an influential role in the pain decrease and sleep quality of patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery and can be used as a safe and cost-free method for patients.

Upaya Meningkatkan Kualitas Tidur Lansia dengan Metode Pemberian Madu Murni

Elderly (elderly) will experience changes both physically, mentally, spiritually and psychosocially. Complaints about difficulty sleeping at night often occur in the elderly. This is an important matter for the elderly, so an efficient and comfortable treatment is needed from side effects. Giving honey is one form of treatment with a relaxation method which is a type of non-pharmacological treatment that aims to improve the quality of sleep in the elderly. This research aims to identify the effect of honey on sleep quality in the elderly before and after giving pure honey in Galeso Village, Wonomulyo Community Health Center, Polewali Mandar Regency. This research is a quantitative research using a pre-experimental design. The research was carried out in Galeso Village from June to July 2021. The sample in this research amounted to 17 people. The analysis was tested using univariate and bivariate analysis. Sleep quality was measured using the PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) questionnaire. Based on the Wilcoxon test analysis, the results showed that there was an effect of giving pure honey on sleep quality in the elderly

A DIFFERENCE IN INCIDENCE OF VISUAL THREATENING DIABETIC RETINOPATHY BETWEEN PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT IMPAIRED SLEEP QUALITY

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common and major complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), and is the leading cause of preventable blindness in adults of productive age after cataracts. The global prevalence of DR is 34.6% , consisting of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (7.0%), diabetic macular edema (6.8%), and visual threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR) (10.2%.) The risk factors for VTDR are age, duration of diabetes, glycemic control, hypertension, obesity, HbAIC levels, and dyslipidemia. In addition, impaired sleep quality is also indicated to be connected with the incidence of VTDR.&#x0D; Objective: To compare the incidence of VTDR between patients with and without impaired sleep quality.&#x0D; Methods: This was a cross-sectional comparative analytic observational study involving 178 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with DR at the National Eye Center of Cicendo Eye Hospital who met the inclusion criteria. Subject characteristic data were taken from medical records and sleep quality data were collected through a structured interview using the Indonesian version of the Shorten Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Subjects were distributed into poor and good sleep quality groups. The presence of VTDR was then assessed. The differences were then analyzed statistically using chi-square test with a p value of 0.05 considered statistically significant.Results: Results showed that 66.2% and 71.1% of patients in the poor and good quality sleep group suffered from VTDR, respectively (p&gt; 0.05).&#x0D; Conclusion: There is no difference in VTDR incidence between patients in productive age with type 2 DM between those with and without impaired sleep quality.&#x0D;

Insomnia in cancer patients - A survey of health-care professionals' views and current practice in Romania.

Changes in the quality of sleep are reported often in cancer patients and have a major impact on general health. However, insomnia tends to be insufficiently evaluated and managed. The aim of the study was to analyze the perception of clinical staff working in oncology units regarding patients' sleep disorders. Furthermore, we assessed the prevalence of insomnia in this category of professionals. The study was cross sectional and used a descriptive and correlational design. Clinical personnel working in oncology departments were invited to complete a questionnaire regarding sleep problems in patients, and optionally, the Pittsburgh sleep quality index questionnaire was administered. Correlations between age, profession, experience, and their responses were statistically analyzed. We gathered 101 responses, with 63.4% coming from doctors. With one exception, all professionals observed changes in sleep patterns in patients, but less than a third were actively looking for these problems and only three health professionals used questionnaires. No significant differences in answers were noted based on age, profession, or experience. Regarding professionals, 45.6% of them had impaired sleep based on the Pittsburgh questionnaire results. Oncology staff are aware of the existence and impact of sleep problems, but active assessment for sleep problems is low. There is a relative high prevalence of poor sleep quality among oncology staff. In order to improve the well-being of patients, the quality of sleep should be documented as part of the care plan. The existence of guidelines is desirable.

The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Sleep Quality in the Elderly in the Malang City Community

The elderly have been more susceptible to being exposed to COVID-19. Decreased sleep quality in the elderly is caused by psychological, environmental and physiological factors so that the function of neurotransmitters decreases and substances to stimulate sleep (e.g., norepinephrine) also decrease. Physical activity is beneficial for sleep quality and has a positive impact on onset and total sleep time. This study aimed to determine the relationship between physical activity and sleep quality in the elderly in the Malang community. This was a cross-sectional study with a total sample of 65 people recruited through purposive sampling. Physical activity was measured using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between physical activity and sleep quality.&#x0D; Keywords: physical activity, sleep quality, elderly

Relationship between Neuroticism and Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: The Mediating Role of Sleep.

We aimed to explore the relationship between the sleep and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) from the perspective of personality factors. Overall, 167 patients with IBS- from First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University in Jiangsu Province of China in 2019 were included. Gastrointestinal Symptom Score (GIS), Chinese version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) were used to assess gastrointestinal symptoms, sleep and personality. We use mediator variables analyze to explore the relationship between sleep, neurotic personality and gastrointestinal symptoms in IBS patients. 48.5% of IBS patients had sleep disorders. IBS patients with high neuroticism had higher total PSQI scores, longer sleep latency, worse sleep persistence, more nocturnal sleep disturbances and daytime dysfunctions, and more use of sleep medication (P<0.05). Stomach distention, cramping epigastric pain, loss of appetite, and epigastric pain were more prominent in IBS patients with high neuroticism (P<0.05). In addition, neurotic personality was significantly predictive of sleep and some gastrointestinal symptoms, and sleep was a complete mediator of neurotic personality and gastrointestinal symptoms in IBS patients. High neurotic personality in IBS patients leads to more prominent gastrointestinal symptoms by causing sleep disturbance.

Hubungan Antara Sikap Penggunaan Smartphone dengan Kualitas Tidur pada Siswa SMA Kartini Batam

Background: Smartphones have now become a special need for everyone, especially teenagers. Excessive smartphone use can interfere with sleep quality. Lack of individual ability to control the intensity of smartphone use can result in poor sleep quality. Teenagers need more bedtime no less than 8 hours every night.&#x0D; Methods: The research used an observational analyticmethod by the cross sectional approach. The data collection technique used the Probability Sampling technique using the simple random sampling method with a sample of 105 students in 2021. The data collection used two questionnaires, namely the Smartphone Addiction questionnaire for the intensity of smartphone use and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire for sleep quality. The data were then analyzed using Fisher's exact test.&#x0D; Results: There were moderate smartphone use attitudes with poor sleep quality, namely 77 people (73.3%), and high smartphone use attitudes with poor sleep quality, namely 12 people (11.4%). Based on the results of the study, none of the respondents with high smartphone use attitudes had good sleep quality (0%). Fisher's test results obtained p value = 0.028 (p &lt;0.05).&#x0D; Conclusion:According to this research, it can be concluded that there was a correlation between the smartphone usage attitude with the students’ sleeping quality at Kartini Batam Senior High School.

A comparison of sleep quality in Costa Rican urban and rural older adults

Objective Evidence regarding sleep quality in older adults residing in urban and rural areas is lacking among Latino populations living outside the United States. The purpose of the study was to compare the perceived sleep quality of older adults from Costa Rica in urban and rural areas. Methods Volunteers were 52 urban and 30 rural older adults who completed anthro- pometric measures, cognitive screening, demographic information, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire (PSQI). Non-parametric Mann-Whitney U tests determined differences on subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleep medication, sleep daily dysfunction, and global PSQI. Multiple regression analyses determined sociodemographic predictors of sleep quality. Results Regardless of the residency zone, older adults showed similar subjective sleep quality (p=0.077), sleep latency (p=0.863), sleep duration (p=0.316), sleep efficiency (p=0.613), use of sleep medication (p=0.207), and total PSQI score (p=0.270). Sleep perturbation (p=0.009) and sleep daily dysfunction (p=0.019) were higher in rural than in urban older adults. Education predicted sleep perturbation (β=-0.266, p=0.049, R2 =0.17). Age (β=-0.309, p=0.025) and residency region (β=0.346, p=0.024) predicted sleep daily dysfunction (R2=0.196). Conclusion Most sleep quality measures were similar between older adults residing in urban and rural zones. Low education predicted sleep perturbation regardless of the resi- dency zone; and younger age and urban zone predicted higher sleep daily dysfunction.

Relationship of Sleep Quality with Quality of Life in Chronic Kidney Failure Patients Undergoing Hemodialization During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Introduction : &#x0D; Poor sleep quality is often experienced by patients with chronic kidney failure (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis (HD) therapy, this can affect their quality of life. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between sleep quality and quality of life in chronic kidney failure patients undergoing hemodialysis during the COVID-19 pandemic at Panti Waluya Sawahan Hospital, Malang City. &#x0D; Method : &#x0D; This research design is cross sectional. The population in this study were patients with chronic kidney failure who underwent hemodialysis, namely 126 respondents at Panti Waluya Sawahan Hospital, Malang City during January, obtained a sample of 36 respondents using purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire and The World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL – BREF) questionnaire. Data analysis used Chi Square test (p value &lt; 0.05). &#x0D; Result : &#x0D; The results of the study, most of the respondents had poor sleep quality and most of the respondents had poor quality of life. The results of the chi square test showed that there was a relationship between sleep quality and quality of life in chronic kidney failure patients undergoing hemodialysis during the COVID-19 pandemic at Panti Waluya Sawahan Hospital, Malang City with a p-value of 0.000. &#x0D; Conclusions : &#x0D; The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between sleep quality and quality of life in chronic kidney failure patients undergoing hemodialysis during the COVID-19 pandemic at Panti Waluya Sawahan Hospital, Malang City