Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index Score Research Articles

Altered intrinsic brain functional network dynamics in moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea

ObjectivesObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can affect temporal fluctuations in brain activity during rest. Dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) captures the fluctuations in FC during the resting state. This study aimed to investigate differences in dFC between moderate-to-severe OSA patients and healthy controls using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and sliding-window analysis. MethodsThirty-seven consecutive patients with moderate-to-severe OSA and 16 age- and sex-matched controls underwent resting-state fMRI in the morning following overnight polysomnography. The dynamics of aberrant FC between the groups and the correlation between the dynamics and clinical variables were evaluated. ResultsdFC analysis revealed two distinct connectivity states: hypoconnected (State I) and hyperconnected (State II). In OSA patients, State I occurred 34% more often than in the controls and the occurrence of State II was proportionally reduced. The time in State I positively correlated with the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index score in the OSA patients. ConclusionsThis study showed dFC alterations in moderate-to-severe OSA patients, which may serve as a novel physiological biomarker for OSA.

Sleep Quality in An Acute Inpatient Rehabilitation Setting: The Importance of Prior Sleep Disorders

<h3>Research Objectives</h3> To assess whether demographic and clinical factors might impact sleep quality during inpatient stay in a rehabilitation setting. <h3>Design</h3> In this prospective study, patients were assessed for their sleep quality at admission and discharge. <h3>Setting</h3> Patients admitted in the acute inpatient rehabilitation unit of Casa Colina Hospital and Centers for Healthcare (Pomona, California) were included in the study. <h3>Participants</h3> Thirty five patients participated to this study (age=61±16 years old; BMI=30±7kg/m2; 18 females, 18 Caucasians). <h3>Interventions</h3> None. <h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3> The Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was administered as primary outcome. Demographic and clinical data were collected as covariates (i.e., age, BMI, gender, race, cause of hospitalization, pre-hospital setting and prior diagnosis of sleep disorders). The level of anxiety and depression were also assessed using Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). <h3>Results</h3> The average length of hospitalization was 18±8 days. Cause of hospitalization included stroke (20%), spinal cord injury (28%), orthopedic (28%) and other diagnosis (23%). In this sample, 22% had a sleep disorder diagnosis (mostly sleep apnea) and 60% came from an acute care unit. ANOVAs with repeated measures were performed on the outcome measure (PSQI) controlling for BMI and age. Among the demographic and clinical variables considered, the presence of sleep disorders had an effect on changes in PSQI total scores. The PSQI decreased significantly in patients with prior diagnosis of sleep disorders. The pre-hospital setting trended toward statistical significance only for the group without sleep disorders. The initial level of anxiety or depression did not have an effect on the PSQI scores. However, changes in BAI and PHQ-9 total scores were related to changes in PSQI. Finally, our dataset did not reveal an effect of race or gender. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Prior sleep disorders diagnoses factors has an impact on sleep quality during hospitalization. These results identify high-risk patient characteristics that impact sleep hygiene which will be taken into consideration in developing an intervention for improving inpatient sleep hygiene. <h3>Author(s) Disclosures</h3> The authors have nothing to declare.

Lifestyle factors associated with poor sleep quality among undergraduate dental students at a Malaysian private university.

The purpose of this study was to look into the associations between lifestyle factors, gender, clinical level, and sleep quality among undergraduate dental students at a private university in Malaysia. A self-administered Pittsburg sleep quality index (PSQI) scale and the lifestyle and habits questionnaire-brief (LHQ-B) were used in this cross-sectional study. A global PSQI score of greater than 5 indicates poor sleep quality. All university dental students were invited to take part. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the data. A total of 338 students took part in the study, with a response rate of 90.4%. The proportion of females was higher (68.3 %) and more than half of the respondents (56.7 %) were in their clinical years. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 36.7%. At multivariable level, poor sleep quality was associated with being male (OR=1.72 [95% confidence interval (1.05, 2.83)] and engaging in an unhealthy lifestyle for psychological health (OR=2.64 [95% confidence interval (1.34, 5.21)] and nutrition (OR=2.48 [95% confidence interval (1.028, 4.82)]. The prevalence of poor sleep quality among undergraduate dental students in our study was comparable to that found in other studies. Male students were more likely to have poor sleep quality than female students. Our findings indicate that poor sleep quality (PSQI score >5) may be linked to unhealthy lifestyle habits related to psychological health and nutrition. Health education that emphasizes these domains is essential for improving their lifestyle habits and sleep quality.

The Effects of Food Intake and Eating Behavior on Sleep Quality in Adolescents

Background: Food and eating behaviors can be related to nutrition as well as sleep for healthy society. Objectives: The aim of the study is to examine the eating behaviors of adolescents and the effect of some foods on sleep quality in adolescence. MethodS: The study was carried out as a survey model of 580 adolescents in Konya, Turkey. The questionnaire consists of demographic features and anthropometric measurements, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Eating Behavior Scale (EBS), and 24-hour recalled food consumption record used for evaluation of daily nutrient intakes. The SPSS (ver. 22) software was used to analyze the data. Results: PSQI score was 5.79±0.17 in girls and 5.27±0.15 in boys, with a significant difference (p=0.022) and sleep quality was found to be good in 42.4% and poor in 57.6%. Sleep duration (p=0.011), sleep disturbances (p=0.002), daytime dysfunction (p=0.000) were differed by gender. The mean of EBS score was found to be 211.04±61.32, differed between girls and boys (p&lt;0.05). Also, the EBS score differed by night eating (p=0.000). Total energy (p=0.001), protein (p=0.001), carbohydrate (p=0.003), B1 (p=0.028), B6 (p=0.006), niacin (p=0.000), folic acid (p=0.001), B12 (, Zn, and Fe daily intake changed between girls and boys (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: Adolescents with poor sleep quality, poor eating behavior should consider night eating is to determine if it may be associated with their sleep.

¬Transcranial direct current stimulation improves sleep quality in patients with insomnia after traumatic brain injury

ABSTRACT Introduction Insomnia is a serious problem after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and partially improves via sleeping pills. We investigated the efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) with a focus on the role of age and gender. Materials and Methods In a randomized double-blind clinical trial, 60 eligible TBI-induced insomnia patients were assigned to real and sham tDCS groups and were treated for three weeks. Sham but not real tDCS took sleeping pills for the first three weeks of the study and then used the placebo until the end of the study. The placebo was used by the real-tDCS group throughout the study. Sleep quality and insomnia severity were respectively evaluated by Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) at three time points. Results Real tDCS group reported lower mean ISI and PSQI scores at 3 weeks post treatment onset and maintained this decline for six weeks post treatment onset (P < 0.001). In younger participants and those identified as men, the treatment-induced attenuation of the mean PSQI score was reported higher and more lasting in real than sham tDCS groups. Conclusion Gender and age-specific tDCS protocols may be warranted to optimize the therapeutic effect of tDCS.

Association of sleep duration and quality with depression Among University Students and Faculty.

Highly competitive and demanding environments in educational institutions led to reduced sleep time for both students and faculty globally. The primary objective of this study was to determine the duration and quality of sleep among students and faculty of Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University (IAU). The secondary objective was to explore the relationship between depression and sleep duration and quality among students and faculty. The study was conducted during 2021 in Dammam, Saudi Arabia. An online survey was disseminated among the university students. The survey form included: demographic data, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ9), Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness scale (ESS). The responses were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analysis. A total of 509 responses satisfying the inclusion criteria were included (323 student and 186 faculty). The average sleep duration for the entire cohort was 6.21 ± 1.32 hours, with 6.5% sleeping less than 5 hours per night. The mean PSQI score was 7.61 ± 3.09, with 73.1% falling in the poor sleep quality category (PSQI score >5). The mean PHQ9 score was 8.86 ± 6.20, with 63.9% falling in the mild depression category. The mean ESS score was 6.59 ± 4.02, with 11% having a score >10 (corresponding to excessive daytime sleepiness). A significant proportion of surveyed students and faculty IAU suffer from sleep insufficiency, poor sleep quality, and mild degree of depression. Initiatives to tackle the issue of poor sleep quality and quantity among university students and faculty are required.

Association between night sleep latency and hypertension: A cross-sectional study.

Sleep disorders have been shown to increase the risk of hypertension, while the relationship between night sleep latency and hypertension is less well-known. We aimed to investigate the association between night sleep latency and hypertension, as well as related sleep factors by gender in the Chinese population. We conducted a cross-sectional study of the relationship between night sleep latency and hypertension. The sample size included 619 consecutive hospitalized patients (M/F: 302/317, 64.01 ± 12.27 years). T test, Chi-square test, and ANOVA were performed to analyze baseline data and intergroup comparisons. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to find the interrelationships. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to adjust for covariables. The findings showed hypertension patients had longer night sleep latency (P < .001). After adjusting for confounding factors, night sleep latency was positively correlated with hypertension in both men and women (odds ratio: 1.065, 95% confidence interval: 1.044–1.087). Spearman correlation analysis suggested that night sleep latency was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure (r = 0.186, P < .001), diastolic blood pressure (r = 0.136, P < .001), sleep initiation time (r = 0.091, P = .023), and global Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index score (r = 0.371, P < .001), was negatively correlated with sleep duration (r = −0.186, P < .001), sleep time on weekdays (r = −0.183, P < .001), and sleep time on weekends (r = −0.179, P < .001). Longer night sleep latency was associated with an increased risk of hypertension in men and women, which might involve the pathological progression of hypertension along with other sleep factors.

JS09.5.A Is Radiation Dose to Sleep-relevant Brain Structures Associated with Lower Sleep Quality in Adults with Primary Brain Tumors?

Abstract Background Sleep plays a central role in optimal brain health and daily functioning, and poor sleep is associated with impaired cognitive functioning and reduced quality of life. Despite improved precision of modern radiotherapy (RT) for brain tumors, radiation to healthy tissue, including brain structures relevant for sleep/wake regulation, is often inevitable. In the present study, we investigate whether radiation dose to sleep/wake-relevant brain structures is associated with poorer patient-reported sleep quality in primary brain tumor patients. Material and Methods Patients who had received RT for non-glioblastoma primary brain tumors between 2006 and 2016 were included. They completed the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and mean radiation doses to sleep/wake-relevant structures (i.e., brainstem, thalamus, hypothalamus, and the pituitary and pineal glands) were calculated based on planning CTs and contrast-enhanced MR-images. Mean radiation dose (Dmean) to brain structures were compared between patients with and without impaired sleep outcomes using bootstrapped independent t-tests. Differences with effect sizes (ES, Cohen’s d) exceeding ± 0.3 are reported. Results A total of 78 patients (glioma, grade 1-3 = 28; meningioma = 22, pituitary = 16, other = 12) were included. Median time since RT was 4.6 years (range = 8.4 years). Mean global PSQI score was 5.13 (SD = 3.1). No differences were observed between tumor types, F (3,74) = 0.37, η 2= .02. Clinical sleep disturbance (PSQI &amp;gt; 5) was reported by 37.2% (n=29). Compared with patients without sleep disturbance, those with sleep disturbance had received a higher radiation dose to the pituitary gland, Dmean = 26.11 Gy, SE = 2.59, versus 34.57 Gy, SE = 3.43, ES(d) = - 0.46, 95% CI [-0.93, 0.003]. Furthermore, compared with patients reporting normal sleep latency (SL), those with poor SL had received a higher radiation dose to the pituitary gland, Dmean = 24.55 Gy, SE = 3.71, versus 32.60 Gy, SE = 2.48, ES(d) = - 0.44, 95% CI [-0.90, 0.03], and the brain stem, Dmean = 15.32 Gy, SE = 2.71, versus 20.20 Gy, SE = 2.01, ES(d) = -3.44, 95% CI [-0.80, 0.12]. Finally, compared with patients with a high sleep efficiency (&amp;gt;85%), those with a low sleep efficiency had received a higher radiation dose to the thalamus, Dmean = 18.11 Gy, SE = 2.36, versus 24.55 Gy, SE = 4.43, ES(d) = -0.35, 95% CI [-0.83, 0.15], and the pineal gland, Dmean = 16.20 Gy, SE = 2.48, versus 23.10 Gy, SE = 4.25, ES(d) = -0.36, 95% CI [-0.85, 0.13]. Conclusion The prevalence of clinical sleep disturbances in patients with primary brain tumors was high (37%). Our results indicated that higher radiation doses to the pituitary gland, brain stem, thalamus, and pineal gland may be risk factors for poor sleep quality in patients with a primary brain tumor.

Hubungan Antara Kualitas Tidur dengan Gangguan Cemas pada Mahasiswa Selama Masa Pandemi COVID-19

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic affects various aspects of everyone's life. One of the impacts of the pandemic is psychological disorders, such as decreased sleep quality and anxiety. Until now, there has been no research to assess the relationship between these two conditions in university students during the pandemic era. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the relationship between decreased sleep quality and anxiety disorders in Indonesia’s university students during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted from September to October 2021 on 376 university students, both domiciled in Bali and outside Bali. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of participant demographic data, sleep quality assessment using the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and measurement of anxiety levels using the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). Bivariate analysis was performed using the Pearson correlation test.Result: 294 of the 376 participants had high PSQI scores (&gt;5) and experienced sleep disturbances. Meanwhile, 44 participants reported experiencing anxiety disorders, with detail of 41 participants having SAS scores in the low category and 3 participants having SAS scores in the moderate category. The relationship between the PSQI and SAS variables showed a correlation coefficient of 0.619 and was statistically significant.Conclusion : Decreased sleep quality is positively correlated with anxiety disorders experienced by university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The author suggests research with larger parameters and population size to get more accurate results.

Physical activity and psychosomatic status in patients with Behçet's disease during coronavirus disease pandem.

The aim of this study is to examine the changes in physical activity level, fatigue, depression, and sleep quality in patients with Behçet's disease during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study was designed as an online questionnaire applied to individuals who are being followed up with the diagnosis of Behçet's disease in the rheumatology department. Data were collected using multiple scales including International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) to evaluate physical activity level, fatigue, depression, sleep quality, and pain, respectively. Sixteen patients diagnosed with Behçet's disease were included in the study. No statistically significant difference was observed between the IPAQ, FSS, BDI, PSQI, and VAS assessment scores before COVID-19 and during COVID-19 period (P > .05 for all). Thinking of the negative effects of aggressive clinical symptoms, Behçet's disease patients should be supported in physical activity and psychosocial status.

Sleep impairment: Is it an overlooked burden in painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy? A single-centre, cross-sectional study from south India

Background and aimsPainful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN) is a common complication of type 2 diabetes. The unrelenting pain associated with PDPN adversely affects a patient's quality of life. Recognizing the crucial role that sleep plays in the metabolic control of diabetes, this study aims to estimate the prevalence of sleep impairment in painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (PDPN) and identify the factors associated with it. MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study among 156 patients in a tertiary care hospital in south India. We recruited consenting adults with PDPN. Sleep quality was analyzed using the Pittsburg sleep quality index (PSQI), a self-rating scale. Hba1c served as a measure of glycemic control. Anxiety and depression were assessed using the hospital anxiety and depression (HAD) scale. Data were analyzed in SPSS 26.0. ResultsA total of 156 patients were included in the study with a mean age of 58.39 ± 9.12 years. In 151 (96.79%) patients demonstrated sleep impairment with a global PSQI score of 10.92 ± 2.87. Female sex, ischemic heart disease (IHD), high anxiety levels and use of insulin, pregabapentin, and duloxetine; were significantly associated with poor sleep quality (p < 0.05). The median Hba1c was high (9% [7.46–11.1]). However, there was no statistical correlation between the degree of sleep impairment and glycemic control. ConclusionWe found a high prevalence of sleep impairment in patients with PDPN. Female sex, IHD, high anxiety levels and use of neuropathic drugs were predictors of poor sleep quality.

Effect of Pruritus on Sleep Quality in Individuals Undergoing Hemodialysis Effect of Pruritus on Sleep Quality

Introduction: Although uremic pruritus is not a life-threatening problem itself, it affects the quality of life and daily life activities of the patients and negatively changes the patient's adaption to the disease. &#x0D; Methods: This descriptive and analytical study was conducted with 219 patients who underwent hemodialysis in State Hospital, University Hospital hemodialysis units and a private dialysis center and met the study criteria. Research data were collected using the Introductory Information Form, 5-D Pruritus Scale and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index. In the analysis of the data, t test, One - Way ANOVA test, Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis T test, Perason correlation analysis and Dunnet T3 Post Hoc test were used. &#x0D; Results: In the study, the 5-D Pruritus Scale mean score of the patients was 12.70±3.35 points, and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index score was 12.82±2.42. A positive, moderately significant (r=.509, p

Sleep Quality Relates to Metabolic Health in Second Trimester of Pregnancy

ObjectivesExamine the relationships between self-reported sleep quality parameters and markers of metabolic health during pregnancy.MethodsBaseline data collected at 12–20 weeks gestation from pregnant women enrolled in a high-fiber RCT (SPROUT; NCT04868110) were analyzed. Exclusion criteria included any known metabolic disturbance (e.g., history of diabetes, preeclampsia, hypertension). At the visit, a fasted blood draw, height, and weight were performed. Self-reported pre-pregnancy weight was collected. Sleep quality was assessed using the global Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index score (PSQI; >5 indicates poorer overall sleep quality) and sleep efficiency from the PSQI (100-point scale, higher indicates better efficiency). Total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), serum glucose, serum insulin, and hemoglobin A1c were analyzed using standardized protocols. Pearson's correlations, means, and standard deviations were performed.ResultsThirty-three participants were included in the analyses. Participants had a pre-pregnancy BMI of 25.4 ± 4.3 kg/m2, PSQI of 4.61 ± 2.4, and sleep efficiency of 89.8 ± 10.7. Sleep efficiency was related to TC (r = −0.41, p = 0.018) and LDL-C (r = −0.418, p = 0.016); and PSQI was related to LDL-C (r = 0.372, p = 0.033). No relationships were found between sleep parameters and other lipid or glycemic markers.ConclusionsIn a group of low-risk pregnant women, lower sleep efficiency and overall sleep quality were related to higher levels of blood lipids.Funding SourcesInternal funding received from School of Health Professions at presenting author's academic institution.

Sleep quality and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea

BackgroundThe first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic has produced remarkable effects on the sleep quality and mental status of the general population and more dramatic effects on patients with chronic illness. Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), already suffering from disordered sleep, might be more susceptible to the effect of the pandemic on their sleep quality and mental health. We therefore performed a case–control study to compare sleep quality, depression and anxiety symptoms reported by patients with severe OSA and age-matched healthy subjects during the first wave of the COVID-19. In June–July 2020 we enrolled a total of 222 patients with severe OSA, all treated with continuous positive airway pressure, and 164 healthy controls. Self-reported sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Symptoms of depression were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire module 9 (PHQ-9), while the specific “Coronavirus Anxiety Scale” (CAS) evaluated the level of anxiety.ResultsPatients with OSA (61% males, 65 ± 9.6 years old, BMI 30.5 ± 3.6) and healthy controls had similar characteristics except for BMI slightly lower in controls. The perceived quality of sleep, referred to the pre-pandemic period, was significantly worse in patients with OSA than in controls. During the pandemic the rate of reported sleep disturbance increased from 54 to 66% in patients with OSA and from 29 to 40% in controls. A high percentage of patients and controls reported symptoms of depression (61% OSA and 65% controls), whereas lower levels of anxiety, similar in the two groups, were observed. In patients with OSA the PSQI score significantly positively correlated with the PHQ-9 score (r2 = 0.81) and the CAS score (r2 = 0.65).ConclusionThe rate of reported sleep disturbance in patients with OSA during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic is one of the highest evidenced in literature so far. As for the general population, in these patients there is a strict link between the perceived sleep quality and the psychological distress caused by the pandemic. A further deterioration of sleep quality is a fearsome event in the life of these patients who face life-long sleep problems.

Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain Moderates the Association between Sleep Quality and Dorsostriatal-Sensorimotor Resting State Functional Connectivity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Aging is associated with poor sleep quality, and greater chronic pain prevalence with age-related changes in brain function as potential underlying mechanisms. The following cross-sectional study aimed to determine whether self-reported chronic musculoskeletal pain in community-dwelling older adults moderates the association between sleep quality and resting state functional brain connectivity (rsFC). Community-dwelling older individuals (mean age=73.29 years) part of the NEPAL study who completed the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and an rsFC scan were included (n=48) in the present investigation. To that end, we tested the effect of chronic pain-by-PSQI interaction on rsFC among atlas-based brain regions-of-interest, controlling for age and sex. A significant network connecting the bilateral putamen and left caudate with bilateral precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus and juxtapositional lobule cortex, survived global multiple comparisons (FDR; q<0.05) and threshold-free network-based-statistics. Greater PSQI scores were significantly associated with greater dorsostriatal-sensorimotor rsFC in the no-pain group, suggesting that a state of somatomotor hyperarousal may be associated with poorer sleep quality in this group. However, in the pain group greater PSQI scores were associated with less dorsostriatal-sensorimotor rsFC, possibly due to a shift of striatal functions toward regulation sensorimotor aspects of the pain experience, and/or aberrant cortico-striatal loops in the presence of chronic pain. This preliminary investigation advances knowledge about the neurobiology underlying the associations between chronic pain and sleep in community-dwelling older adults that may contribute to the development of effectitractve therapies to decrease disability in geriatric populations. This work was supported by the National Institutes of Aging (NIAK01AG048259, R01AG059809, R01AG067757, and T32AG049673). A portion of this work was performed in the McKnight Brain Institute at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory's Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy (AMRIS) Facility, which is supported by National Science Foundation Cooperative Agreement No. DMR-1644779 and DMR-1157490, and the State of Florida and the University of Florida Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center.

Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain Moderates the Association between Sleep Quality and Dorsostriatal-Sensorimotor Resting State Functional Connectivity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Aging is associated with poor sleep quality and greater chronic pain prevalence, with age-related changes in brain function as potential underlying mechanisms. Objective. The following cross-sectional study aimed to determine whether self-reported chronic musculoskeletal pain in community-dwelling older adults moderates the association between sleep quality and resting state functional brain connectivity (rsFC). Methods. Community-dwelling older individuals (mean age = 73.29 years) part of the NEPAL study who completed the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and a rsFC scan were included (n = 48) in the present investigation. To that end, we tested the effect of chronic pain-by-PSQI interaction on rsFC among atlas-based brain regions-of-interest, controlling for age and sex. Results and Discussion. A significant network connecting the bilateral putamen and left caudate with bilateral precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, and juxtapositional lobule cortex, survived global multiple comparisons (FDR; q < 0.05) and threshold-free network-based-statistics. Greater PSQI scores were significantly associated with greater dorsostriatal-sensorimotor rsFC in the no-pain group, suggesting that a state of somatomotor hyperarousal may be associated with poorer sleep quality in this group. However, in the pain group, greater PSQI scores were associated with less dorsostriatal-sensorimotor rsFC, possibly due to a shift of striatal functions toward regulation sensorimotor aspects of the pain experience, and/or aberrant cortico-striatal loops in the presence of chronic pain. This preliminary investigation advances knowledge about the neurobiology underlying the associations between chronic pain and sleep in community-dwelling older adults that may contribute to the development of effective therapies to decrease disability in geriatric populations.

Effect of self-acupressure on fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis

AimThis study was conducted as a randomized controlled study to evaluate the effect of self-acupressure on fatigue in patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS). MethodThe sample of the study consisted of 123 patients (41 in the experiment group, 40 in the sham group, and 42 controls) who were admitted to a neurology clinic in a university hospital. To collect data a patient information form, Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), and Mini-Mental Status Examination were used. Depressive mood and sleep quality, which may affect fatigue, were evaluated using the Beck Depression Scale (BDI-II) and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. The patients in the experimental group were applied acupressure by use of LI4 (He Gu), SP6 (San Yin Jiao) and ST36 (Zu San Li) points. ResultsThe majority of patients were female (67.5%) and the mean age was 41.18. In addition, the mean BDI-II score of the patients was found to be 15.54, and the mean score of PSQI was 6.78 and the mean scores of these scales were similar in all groups. When the baseline FSS score means were examined, there was no significant difference among the groups (Acupressure:5.54 ± 0.87, Control:5.40 ± 0.92, and Sham:5.50 ± 0.99; p = 0.816). In the 4th week, there was a significant decrease in the mean score of fatigue of the experimental group compared to the other two groups (Acupressure:4.15 ± 1.09, Control:5.47 ± 1.11, Sham:5.34 ± 1.14, p < 0,001). ConclusionOur results suggest that acupressure might be an effective method to reduce fatigue in patients with MS.

Sleep quality of Singapore residents: findings from the 2016 Singapore mental health study

Given the importance of sleep for physical and mental wellbeing, it is crucial to understand the extent of insomnia among community dwellers. However, there is a paucity of population wide epidemiological studies to estimate the prevalence of poor sleep quality. This present study aimed to 1) characterize the sleep quality of a nationally representative sample (n = 6126) of Singapore residents using Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and 2) identify the sociodemographic correlates of poor sleep in this population. A total of 27.6% of respondents reported poor sleep quality (PSQI score ≥5). Sociodemographic correlates of poor sleep quality in the Singapore population included, but were not limited to, females (AOR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.17 to 1.77, p-value = 0.001), Malays (vs Chinese) (AOR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.23 to 1.9, p-value < 0.001), Indians (vs Chinese) (AOR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.47, p-value = 0.03), ex-smokers (vs non-smokers) (AOR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.07 to 1.92, p-value = 0.02), persons with comorbid mental health conditions (vs no mental health conditions) (AOR = 14.11, 95% CI = 6.52 to 30.54, p-value < 0.01), and persons with physical multimorbidity (vs no physical conditions) (AOR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.24 to 2.15, p-value < 0.001). The prevalence of poor sleep in Singapore is comparable to that of other countries in the Asian region. Targeted public health campaigns to psycho-educate vulnerable groups on the importance of good sleep hygiene may improve the overall wellbeing of residents in Singapore.

The Prevalence of Insomnia in University Students and Its Relationship with Quality of Life: A University Sample

Aim: The goal of this study was to find out how common sleep disorders are among university students and to see how they relate to depression, anxiety, stress levels, personality factors, and overall quality of life. Materials and Methods: This study comprised a total of 856 students. Initially, Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and a Sociodemographic Data Form were applied. Those with a PSQI score of ≥6 were scheduled for a second interview and a psychiatric interview was conducted. The participants were divided into two groups as those diagnosed with insomnia (n=104) and control group (n=95). Both groups were applied Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised/Abbreviated Form (EPQR-S), and Short Form-36 (SF-36). Results: Point prevalence of insomnia among study participants was 12.1%. Insomnia was more common in those who have just started university, were staying in dormitories, had a physical disorder, were smoking, had no regular breakfast habits, and were using electronic media more frequently. When compared to the control group, the ISI scores, DASS depression, anxiety, and stress scores, and EPQR-S neuroticism scores were statistically substantially higher in the insomnia group. Physical function, role limitation (physical), pain, general health, vitality (energy), social function, role limitation (emotional), and mental health were statistically substantially lower in the insomnia group than in the control group on the SF-36 subscales. Conclusion: Insomnia is a prevalent affliction among college students. In students with insomnia, depression and anxiety disorders are more common. Insomnia is also linked to a low quality of life and certain personality features.

Independent and combined influences of physical activity, screen time, and sleep quality on adiposity indicators in Indian adolescents

BackgroundInadequate physical activity (PA), excess screen time (ST), and sub-optimal sleep quality tend to co-occur during adolescence. Yet, little is known about the associations of these behaviors as a cluster with adiposity indicators in Indian adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate the independent and combined influences of PA, ST, and sleep quality on body mass index (BMI) and waist to height ratio (WHtR) in 10–15 years old adolescents in Mumbai, India. A secondary aim was to explore if these influences vary between sexes.MethodsCross-sectional study. Adolescents (n = 772, mean age 13.2 (1.4) years) reported frequency and duration of moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) and time spent using screens on a previously validated instrument. Sleep quality was estimated using the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Weight, height, and waist circumference were measured. Mixed effect logistic regression analyses were performed to explore associations between adiposity indicators (BMI z scores > +1SD and WHtR > 0.5) and unhealthy behaviors (PA < 60 min/d, ST > 120 min/d and PSQI scores > 5), stratified by sex.ResultsThe combined prevalence of overweight and obesity was 38.3%. Overall, 62.0 and 85.0% reported MVPA< 60 min/d and ST > 120 min/d respectively. Girls reported higher ST (218.21 (69.01) min/d) as compared to boys (165.3 (101.22) min/d, p < 0.001). Clustering of low PA and excess ST was observed in 69.2% and of all three unhealthy behaviors in 18.8%. Among girls, MVPA < 60 min/d (OR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.54–1.92, p < 0.001) and PSQI scores > 5 (OR = 2.01, 95% CI 1.78–2.25, p < 0.001) predicted increased BMI. The odds of overweight/obesity were 2.10 times higher in boys reporting low PA and 4.13 times higher in those with low PA+ ST > 120 min/d. Clustering of all three unhealthy behaviors increased prevalence of obesity in both sexes.ConclusionsThe results indicated a co-existence of multiple unhealthy lifestyle factors of obesity and that clustering of these behaviors can further aggravate obesity risk as compared to their independent effects. Integrated interventions that leverage the cumulative benefits of being active, less sedentary and sufficient sleep are warranted to facilitate greater improvements in obesity risk behaviors.