Pipe Work Research Articles

Automated packing and piping in an Airbus A320 main landing gear bay: an industrial development case study

The packing of given hydraulic equipment together with the hydraulic piping is a challenging design task. Both the hydraulic domain and the geometry domain are highly intercoupled as the packing determines the exact location of the connection points and tangents for the pipes but also defines the installation spaces for the equipment to be positioned which needs to be taken into account as an obstacle during the piping process. For the industrial case study, a mounting rack in an Airbus A320 main landing gear bay is used, where seven pieces of equipment should be packed and 22 pipes should be routed. In the first part of the study, the packing was done manually, assisted by automated routing, while the hydraulic piping was generated automatically. In the second part of the study the packing was automatized as well. For the automated packing process, a particle multi swarm optimisation was used. As objective function a pipe length minimization was implemented, which uses the Dubins Path as a pipe approximation. Constraints taken into account are the collision-free nature of the equipment and its placement on a plate inside the plates borders. The automated packing workflow was used to generate different variants of which for two a pipe work was generated exemplarily. Due to the model-based systems engineering approach, no further interaction in terms of the definition of the connection points, tangents and the installation space is necessary. This demonstrates that an automated packing and piping process in an industrial context using industrial geometries is now feasible.

Optimization of water supply parameters for enhanced thermal uniformity in aquaculture ponds under varied working conditions: An experimental study

Aquaculture ponds are critical for the successful rearing of fish larvae, and achieving consistent temperature distribution within these systems is essential for optimal growth conditions. This study explores methods for precise temperature regulation on both the water and atmospheric sides of the pond ecosystem. Based on the original design, systematic changes were made to parameters such as water supply pipe layout, bend angles, perforation rates, and working conditions. Metrics including average temperature, average temperature difference, and extreme temperature difference were utilized to extensively discuss the impacts of these parameters. Through this, temperature distributions across five distinct water supply layouts were analyzed, and the impacts of four different bending angles and perforation rates were evaluated using optimized configurations. Our findings demonstrate that a water supply layout radius of 2000 mm, coupled with a 60° bending angle and a 25 % perforation rate, increased overall temperature uniformity in the pond by 5 %. Additionally, seasonal variations significantly impact temperature distribution in ponds, particularly with different extreme temperature differences observed in winter and summer. Compared to the transitional season and summer, the average temperature difference in the pond during winter decreased by 30 % and 45 %, respectively. It was further revealed that winter conditions naturally yield more uniform water-side temperatures, making seasonal fluctuations irrelevant in determining optimal perforation rates. After the implementation of a water agitator, the average extreme temperature difference decreased from 0.6 K to 0.52 K. In the shallow water layer, the water agitator reduced the extreme temperature difference in the pond by 26 %. The use of water agitators has enhanced thermal uniformity in ponds, thereby improving the growth environment for fish larvae and providing valuable insights for environmental management in aquaculture.

Water-saving control system based on multiple intelligent algorithms

Water conservation has become a global problem as the population increases. In many densely populated cities in China, leaks from century-old pipe works have been widespread. However, entirely eradicating the issues involves replacing all water networks, which is costly and time-consuming. This paper proposed an AI-enabled water-saving control system with three control modes: time division control, flow regulation, and critical point control according to actual flow. Firstly, based on the current leaking situation of water supply networks in China and the capability level of China’s water management, a water-saving technology integrating PID control and a series of deep learning algorithms was proposed. Secondly, a multi-jet control valve was designed to control pressure and reduce water distribution network cavitation. This technology has been successfully applied in industrial settings in China and has achieved gratifying water-saving results.

Chaotic index analysis of ethanol-based graphene nanofluid pulsating heat pipe

Pulsating heat pipes utilizing ethanol-based graphene nanofluids hold significant promise for cooling large electronic devices. However, traditional methods fall short in fully characterizing their properties due to internal phase transitions, latent heat, multiphase flow, and multi-field coupling. To address this, nonlinear chaotic analysis methods are introduced. This study constructs a vertical closed-loop pulsating heat pipe platform and applies Takens embedding theorem, phase space reconstruction theory, mutual information recursive selection method, and associative dimensionality algorithm to analyze ethanol-based graphene nanofluids with various concentrations. The investigation focuses on correlation dimensions and Kolmogorov entropy to provide numerical feedback on nanofluid concentration. Notably, ethanol-based graphene nanofluids concentrations between 0.04 wt% and 0.07 wt% exhibit an average heat transfer thermal resistance of approximately 0.74 K/W, corresponding to correlation dimension and Kolmogorov entropy values of 1.36 and 0.035, respectively. Additionally, reconstructed three-dimensional Singular Attractor phase diagrams offer morphological feedback on the pulsating heat pipe's working conditions. As the ethanol-based graphene nanofluids concentration reaches 0.35 wt%, an increase in the number of free vector points within the three-dimensional coordinate Attractor indicates localized unstable conditions in the heat pipe. Employing a wavelet noise reduction method with a soft threshold of 80 preserves the macroscopic vector flow pattern while eliminating irrelevant local information. Overall, this paper introduces novel approaches for analyzing heat transfer characteristics of graphene nanofluids in pulsating heat pipes.

Preventing water-inrush from floor in coal working face with paste-like backfill technology

In the view of the situation where great economic loss often occurs during mining deep coal seams in Feicheng coal field due to water inrush from the floor Ordovician limestone aquifer, the floor "lower four-zone" theory was used as a guide. 81006 working face of Caozhuang Coalmine in Feicheng coal field was taken as the research background, and paste filling technology was proposed to inhibit or reduce the damaged floor depth caused by mine ground pressure in order to prevent water inrush from the floor Ordovician limestone aquifer. Glue material, coal gangue powder, and fly ash were selected as filling material, and a ground filling system, including a material production system, storage material system, power supply and water supply system, automatic control and measurement system, monitoring and control communications system, emergency response system, and underground filling system, including pipe conveyor system and working face blocking grout loss system, were established to achieve effective filling goaf. Field stress monitoring and floor damaged depth measurement showed that when reaching a steady state after a period of time, paste filling working face not only restored to the original stress state but also significantly reduced the floor's damaged depth caused by mine ground pressure. This verifies that working face with paste-like backfill technology is a very effective measure to prevent water-inrush from the floor.

Optimization of heat pipe charged with CuO nanofluid using Taguchi technique

Aim of this study is to investigate the influence of various working parameters on the performance of thermosyphon heat pipe, charged with aqueous copper oxide nanofluid. This heat pipe was used as an absorber in twin glass evacuated tube solar collector for heating edible oil stored in an insulated tank. Design of experiments was formulated using minitab™ 19 considering prominent heat pipe working parameters like CuO nanoparticle concentration, CuO nanoparticle size, copper heat pipe diameter, filling ratio, stirring speed and surfactant concentration and their levels through research gaps. Experiments were performed on clear sunny days and impact of parameters on heat pipe solar collector performance was examined using Main effect plot, signal to noise (S/N) ratio and ANOVA. From response table of signal to noise ratio and the ANOVA results, it is concluded that the nanoparticle concentration, nanoparticle size, filling ratio and stirring speed plays important role in heat pipe performance improvement while other parameters like heat pipe diameter and surfactant concentration are less significant. Thus Optimum levels of parameters for best heat pipe solar collector performance were obtained as, nanofluid concentration of 0.3 (% weight), nanoparticle size of 30–50 nm, 8 mm of heat pipe diameter, 45 % of filling ratio, stirring speed of 1200 rotations per minute while preparing nanofluid and surfactant mixing in nanofluid as 0.3 (% volume).

Features of measuring deformations of load-bearing structures of buildings during their field and laboratory tests under the action of static and dynamic loads

The peculiarities of measuring the deformations of load-bearing structures of buildings during their field and laboratory tests using strain gauge-based sensors are considered. An overview of various problematic issues that arise in the process of conducting experimental tests and affect the measurement results is given. The most common, which affect the accuracy of measurements, are the effects of temperature, humidity, and vibration; the difficulty of calibrating and mounting strain gauges on different surfaces of elements; complexity of measurement data processing; combination of high-quality work of strain gauges, cable conductors, measuring equipment, data collection and processing system; the selection of the connection scheme of tensor resistors in the Wheatstone bridge. The peculiarities of the organization of the experiment for testing the load-bearing structures of the building, namely pile foundations, are considered, and the main problematic issues when using strain gauges as strain gauges of building elements are given. The use of strain gauges to measure deformations of load-bearing structures of buildings is one of the common methods, which has many advantages, which are discussed in detail in the work. Strain gauges can be used to measure deformations of elements that are mechanically connected to them. They have high measurement accuracy, sensitivity to element deformation, and a wide variable measurement range. The advantages of using the Wheatstone bridge to measure the change in electrical resistance are highlighted, as this method allows measuring very small values of the change in resistance. Methods of connecting tensor resistors according to the Wheatstone scheme are considered, the choice of which depends on the purpose of the study and the required accuracy. One of the easiest ways is to connect just one strain gauge to a current or voltage source and measure the change in resistance. But this method has low sensitivity and does not compensate for the effect of temperature. A more accurate way is to connect two or four tensor resistors in the Wheatstone bridge circuit, which allows you to measure the voltage change on the diagonal of the bridge. The bridge circuit has a high sensitivity and can compensate for the effect of temperature if the tensor resistors have the same coefficient of temperature dependence of the resistance. An algorithm for measuring the deformations of a metal pipe working under compression using strain gauges has been developed.

Review on Effect of Plumbing System in Construction

Abstract: Effect of Plumbing System in Construction plays an important role. Pipe damage and defects are part of pipe maintenance. There is no chance or short circuit during Plumbing maintenance. Plumbing and plumbing involves various components that should be examined, so there is a chance that one or the other component may break. These components can cause some temporary problems as well as long-term structural damage due to water seeping into walls and floors. To avoid such problems, it is important to fix plumbing problems as soon as they are discovered. The durability of the pipe system depends on the quality of its parts and the installation skills of the installers. No plumbing system, however well designed, can be expected to operate safely or hygienically unless the products or materials used are satisfactory. The opposite is also true if the best quality products or materials are used but incorrectly installed, the system will fail. Therefore, proper research and its operation will ensure optimal success and satisfactorily meet the expectations of Effect of Plumbing System in Construction. The efficiency and quality of plumbing depends on the expectations of the home owner, the condition of the pipe work performed and its plumbing activities.

Investigation of impact of slow-release fertilizer and struvite on biodegradation rate of diesel-contaminated soils

Fossil fuel remains the most used form of energy in the world and while it is only available in some countries, there is always the need to transport it to disadvantaged countries, which often results in oil spillages. Distribution of petroleum and petroleum products upstream and downstream also results in oil spillages. In cases where there is ineffective or no containment during and after oil spillages, the problem of oil pollution could be worsened by migration and seepage into receiving systems. In such a case, there is a need to identify and apply appropriate remediation techniques to reduce the impact and extent of the spillage. Some microbes have been identified as having the ability to degrade hydrocarbons and could potentially be harnessed for oil spillage clean-up but, would require sustainable nutrients supply to enhance biodegradation rate and efficiency. This study investigated the impact of slow-release fertilizer and struvite on the biodegradation rate and efficiency of diesel-contaminated soils with a view to determining whether struvite could be applied in the biodegradation of oil-contaminated soils as an alternative, low-cost, and sustainable approach. The test models were dosed with a cumulative oil loading of 178 mg m−2 week−1 based on the derived oil loading of 9.27 g m−2 year−1 with a view to comparing the efficiency of the nutrient sources. The nutrient sources, Osmocote Plus controlled-release fertilizer granules and struvite were applied at a one-off rate of 17 g m−2 to provide nutrient requirements and enhance biostimulation. The effect of the nutrients was studied by monitoring microbial growth in different growth media, the evolution of Carbon dioxide, elemental content by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry, Electrical conductivity of effluent, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons by infra-red spectroscopy, and pH of effluent. The results showed that Osmocote® plus controlled-release fertilizer is more effective in enhancing microbial growth than Struvite slow-release fertilizer hence, a relatively faster bioremediation rate. It should be noted that struvite accumulation in public water pipe works is an issue of environmental concern hence, any meaningful utilization and application of this “waste” in the bioremediation of contaminated soils would offer a sustainable and low-cost means of disposal of what is hitherto an environmental problem. However, it may require augmenting of the deficient nutrients to enhance effectiveness. This could be accomplished by incorporating naturally occurring nutrient sources such as rock phosphate, kelp, and bedrock nitrogen for sustainability.

Value Engineering In Planning Construction of Ampelsari Reservoir Pasuruan Regency

Controlling the cost and time of project implementation is important in a project management process. In this research, a value engineering analysis will be carried out on the Ampelsari Reservoir construction plan to determine the most effective and cost-efficient alternative construction design. The application of value engineering to determine the amount of construction cost savings with a work plan includes: Information Stage, Creative Stage, Analysis Stage, and Recommendation Stage. The results of the value engineering analysis in this study obtained construction cost savings of Rp. 1,624,162,703.65 or 6.16% of the total initial design cost, with alternative designs selected in 3 (three) types of work, on Spillway Work with K-225 Reinforced Concrete and Cyclop Concrete work items (A3), on Gate Valve House Work with Concrete Rebate and U-Ditch 30 x 30 work items (B3), on Reservoir Work with HDPE Pipe work items dia. 2.5" (C2). 2.5" (C2)

HVAC-AHU System Evaluation using WPM method

In this paper, we are going to analyze the smart sensor networks based on the four parameters using WPM (Weighted Product Model) methodology. Real-time profession of HVAC zones to keep energy without compromising occupier comfort / Various strategies to comprehend the vacancy had been explored. The air coping with unit or AHU is the air conditioning A self-assembly of components (fanatics, cooling coils, filters, humidifiers and dampers) Integrated inside the construction package deal and established as a separate unit, with metallic pipe work device Connected. Distributes conditional air. Weighted Product Model (WPM) is a popular number Criterion choice evaluation (MCDA) / Multi Scale decision making (MCDM) method. This is much like the weighted sum version (WSM). The main distinction is, in the main mathematical function there is now multiplication rather than addition. MCDM is multi, contradictory, preferred and/or a technique for integrating alternative overall performance into quantitative standards and developing an answer that calls for consensus.In this paper we used WPM for ranking the WPM method is the most ideal solution Short-distance and Alternative The solution with the longest distance from the solution Determines, but the comparison of these distances Does not consider importance. Bluetooth low energy, Wifi, Long Range radio. Evaluation Parameters in Depression Loneliness Life Satisfaction Sensor networks, Packet length (kb), TX/RX bandwidth (kbps), RS (sample/s), NS (pkt/sample). Use Attention deficit from the result it is seen that genetic engineering (A2) is got the first rank whereas is the Biotechnology (A5) is having the lowest rank.

ТЕПЛООБМІН В ТЕПЛОВІЙ ТРУБІ ЗІ ЗМІННИМИ КУТАМИ НАХИЛУ ТА ВПЛИВУ ВІБРАЦІЙ

The article presents the results of experimental studies of the influence of modeling of external factors, such as vibrations and changes in the gravity vector, on the heat and mass transfer processes inside the heat pipe. Heat pipes are widely used as devices that allow the transfer of significant heat flows to solve various problems in power plants. Equipment using heat pipes can be found in the thermal power complex, metallurgy, aviation and rocket and space technology. Complex heat-mass exchange processes of boiling, evaporation, condensation, movement of the liquid phase in porous or capillary structure stake place inside the heat pipe. Existing methods of calculation and design are often of a recommendatory nature. The complexity of heat pipe work processes prompts scientists in the field of heat and mass transfer to further scientific research. In this work, a series of experimental studies is conducted on the modeling of work processes in the middle of heat pipes, namely the influence of vibrations and the angle of inclination on the intensity of heat exchange. This work is a generalization of experimental data on the study of the influence of vibrations and the angle of inclination on the characteristics of heat pipes.

Manufacture of special pipes by the method of heading

In spite of the success, achieved in the production of metal pipes, its further progress and improvement still remain a problematic issue due to the development of techniques and new technologies.For the manufacture of barrels and special pipes of military shooting weapons, belonging to the small serial production is considered advisable applying the technological process of heading which is staying out by relatively simple technology and a small number of used equipment.The experimental studies have shown that during hot heading, wearing and overheating processes are taking place of press mold elements. Especially in difficult conditions, a pipe mandrel works, when is heated up to 800-1200 Celsius in the middle of the specimen, after which it loses strength and sometimes under the action of tensile stress causes destruction. Based on this, the temperature factor has a great influence on the stability of the press mold; therefore, the use of a cooling system is of great importance. For this purpose, the press molds were designed and then manufactured in an aviation enterprise for heading of work piece with a diameter of 50 mm.The process was divided into two stages to simplify the heading regime. The shell is obtained in the first stage, and the pipe is made from this shell in the second stage. It's necessary that the work piece is being given the opportunity for radial expansion for the rational carrying out of the process of obtaining a shell, otherwise, the metal will begin to flow in the opposite direction of the punch and we will get reverse heading. To avoid this phenomenon, the specimen was given the shape of a polyhedral prism, for the purpose that the sectional area of the work piece would be less than the sectional area of the matrix.In this paper, based on the results of theoretical and experimental studies, press molds for industrial use have been worked out for the production of special pipes and pipe work pieces by the reverse heading method.In the work, the given design of the press form consists of a water cooling system, which protects the elements of the press mold from heating and, accordingly, significantly increases the duration of its work, which in turn gives a significant economic effect.

Automated Piping in an Airbus A320 Landing Gear Bay Using Graph-Based Design Languages

System design in an aircraft is still a costly, manual and iterative approach. One major cost driver of changes in system installation are design efforts for creating new pipes in an earlier stage and the costs accumulated during the in service life. To reduce these costs and the time to market, an automation approach with an integrated design optimization encoded in graph-based design languages and executable in a design compiler is proposed. To generate the pipe work automatically, a set of input data (e.g., start- and end-points of a pipe with tangents and fixing positions) is given by the user. It also contains, among others, the weightings for the optimization criteria (e.g., length of the pipe resp. the weight vs. the number of bends) to influence the evaluation of the generated pipes and thereby the final solution. As an initial step in the automatic pipe generation process, a route through the installation space is searched. Subsequently, the installation space is simplified and a respective minimal distance to each obstacle which a pipe should satisfy is added. Then for each pipe an initial solution is estimated and each pipe is optimized by a simulated annealing algorithm. At last, all given requirements are automatically verified. A carried out investigation indicates a polynomial runtime behaviour of the algorithm. The capabilities of the newly developed automated piping are demonstrated on the pipe work in an Airbus A320 landing gear bay.

Fully automated piping in an Airbus A320 landing gear bay using graph-based design languages

System design in an aircraft is still a costly, manual and iterative approach. One major cost driver of changes in system installation are design efforts for creating new pipes in an earlier stage and the costs accumulated during the in service life. To reduce these costs and the time to market, an automation approach with an integrated design optimization encoded in graph-based design languages and executable in a design compiler is proposed.To generate the pipe work automatically, a set of input data (e.g. start- and end-points of a pipe with tangents and fixing positions) is given by the user. It also contains, among others, the weightings for the optimization criteria (e.g. length of the pipe resp. the weight vs. the number of bends) to influence the evaluation of the generated pipes and thereby the final solution. As an initial step in the automatic pipe generation process, a route through the installation space is searched. Subsequently, the installation space is simplified and a respective minimal distance to each obstacle which a pipe should satisfy is added. Then for each pipe an initial solution is estimated and each pipe is optimized by a simulated annealing algorithm. At last, all given requirements are automatically verified. The capabilities of the newly developed automated piping are demonstrated on the pipe work in an Airbus A320 landing gear bay.

Optimisation of a recirculating domestic hot water system to minimise wait time and heat loss

Many houses suffer from a delay in hot water arrival, after opening the hot tap, due to the length of pipe work from the boiler or thermal store. Measurements in three properties showed delays of up to 46 s. A recirculation system could maintain the water in the pipe at a suitable temperature and for a 15 m pipe is expected to use 30 W less electrical power than a local thermal store at the delivery point. Time-steady eigenvector solutions to the linked temperature equations allow optimisation of the recirculation flow rate, pipe diameters and insulation thickness. The pumping power is <1 mW and a pumpless thermo-syphon system should be possible in some installations. Heat loss coefficients have been calculated for a pair of pipes in a common insulation sleeve to minimise the losses. A plug flow transient advection model for water and pipe temperature based on a sliding 1-D grid has been developed and validated for a single pipe, then extended to also model recirculating systems. Heat losses in a pumped system may be reduced using a timer so the system can cool overnight. The transient model predicts the relationship between flow and warm-up rate to optimise pump size and timing.

Multiobjective optimization for the optimal heat pipe working parameters based on Taguchi's design of experiments

AbstractA heat pipe (HP) is a device transferring large quantities of heat through a small area of the cross‐section with very small deviations in temperature. The thermal impedance of HP is lower while thermal conductance is higher. HPs are designed for controlling temperature, amplification of heat flux, and diminution. HPs are being used in the cooling of aircraft and electronics, solar energy, systems of heat recovery, and nuclear reactors. Complex mathematical formulation demands experimentation to acquire the physical phenomena. Performing experiments is a tedious task with increasing the working parameters and their assigned levels. In such situations, a systematic statistical approach (viz., the Taguchi method) has to be adopted to minimize the number of experiments and to provide the information for the full factorial design of experiments. This paper adopts the modified Taguchi method and applies a simple and reliable multiobjective optimization concept to determine the optimal HP working parameters (viz., heat input, inclination angle, and flow rate). In the optimization process, efficiency, thermal resistance, and overall heat transfer coefficient are the performance indicators (PIs). Empirical relations are developed and validated for the PIs in terms of the HP working parameters. The recommended Taguchi's orthogonal array to perform a few tests may not have the set of optimal working parameters. Additional tests are to be performed to confirm the estimates of the PIs for the optimal working parameters. Confirmation test results in the present study indicate close‐to/within the estimated range.

Containment structures and port configurations

This article describes the DEMO cryostat, the vacuum vessel, and the tokamak building as well as the system configurations to integrate the main in-vessel components and auxiliary systems developed during the Pre-Conceptual Design Phase.The vacuum vessel is the primary component for radiation shielding and containment of tritium and other radioactive material. Various systems required to operate the plasma are integrated in its ports. The vessel together with the external magnetic coils is located inside the even larger cryostat that has the primary function to provide a vacuum to enable the operation of the superconducting coils in cryogenic condition. The cryostat is surrounded by a thick concrete structure: the bioshield. It protects the external areas from neutron and gamma radiation emitted from the tokamak. The tokamak building layout is aligned with the VV ports implementing floors and separate rooms, so-called port cells, that can be sealed to provide a secondary confinement when a port is opened during in-vessel maintenance.The ports of the torus-shaped VV have to allow for the replacement of in-vessel components but also incorporate plasma limiters and auxiliary heating and diagnostic systems. The divertor is replaced through horizontal ports at the lower level, the breeding blanket (BB) through upper vertical ports. The pipe work of these in-vessel components is also routed through these ports. To facilitate the vertical replacement of the BB, it is divided into large vertical segments. Their mechanical support during operation relies on vertically clamping them inside the vacuum vessel by a combination of obstructed thermal expansion and radial pre-compression due to the ferromagnetic force acting on the breeding blanket structural material in the toroidal magnetic field.

Sodium-Potassium Alloy Heat Pipe under Geyser Boiling Experimental Study: Heat Transfer Analysis

In the geyser boiling mode, the working fluid state is divided into a boiling process and a quiet process, and the sodium-potassium (Na-K) alloy heat pipe can discontinuously transfer heat at each boiling. The overheating of the liquid working fluid at the bottom causes short-term boiling and forms slug bubble, the strong condensing ability quickly conducts heat from the evaporator section. And geyser boiling can occur before the working fluid forms continuous flow, so it transfers more heat at lower temperatures than natural convection cooling. In this study, the heat transfer process of a Na-K alloy heat pipe with forced convection cooling under different heating power was experimental studied. The geyser boiling mode can make the Na-K alloy heat pipe work below 650 °C and reduce the start-up time. In the process of geyser boiling, the heat transfer quantity was increased by the boiling frequency and the amount of vapor produced in a single boiling. The boiling temperature had no obvious change with the increased of heating power, and the condenser section temperature increased with the heating power.

Effect of Chases with Renovation Techniques on the Load Carrying Capacity of Masonry Walls

Infrastructure through the masonry walls (for example, wiring and piping works) are usually installed using chases in different directions. Introducing these chases in a newly built wall will affect its overall load carrying capacity. However, there has thus far been very limited research into the effects of chases on the response and load carrying capacity of walls. This study has been undertaken to evaluate the structural behaviour of new masonry walls having chases in both horizontal and vertical directions and subjected to compression load throughout an extensive experimental programme. In addition, two renovation techniques have been proposed to infill the chases created in small scale walls (wallettes). The first technique involved the use of plastic wire mesh and cement mortar, while the second incorporated using galvanized steel channel together with the plastic wire mesh and cement mortar. Furthermore, a reference case of wallette without chases has been considered to enable reasonable comparisons to check the effect of the chases and the efficiency of the proposed renovation techniques. The outcomes of this study were used to modify the design equations proposed in the relevant codes of practice. The obtained results showed a notable reduction in the load carrying capacity of the masonry wall due to the introduction of the chases with a reduction percentage of 29% compared to the masonry wall without chase. The percentage decrease depends on the depth of the chase and the inclination angle of the load flow. The walls with horizontal chases exhibited more reduction in the load carrying capacity compared to those with vertical chases. The adopted renovation techniques using galvanized steel channel and/or plastic wire mesh with cement mortar recovered 55% and 93% of the lost load carrying capacity due to the presence of the chase and the failure was due to the de-bonded phenomena of the infill materials. Suitable factors of safety have been proposed to be incorporated in the compressive strength and modulus of elasticity formulas of the masonry walls of the BS EN codes.