Pipe Flowmeter Research Articles

Simulation Research on Optimal Installation Position of partially-filled pipe Electromagnetic Flowmeter sensor

The measurement sensor of the partially-filled pipe electromagnetic flowmeter must be installed where the fluid is fully developed. For partially-filled pipe electromagnetic flowmeters, the boundary conditions vary with the fullness of the pipe, and the distance from the pipe inlet to the fully developed is not the same as the distance of the full-filled pipe flowmeter. Therefore, in the partially-filled pipe state, the mounting position of the electrode sensor is also different from the mounting position at full-filled pipe state. Based on the measurement principle of electromagnetic flowmeter, the finite element simulation method is used to simulate the flow field development of partially-filled pipe electromagnetic flowmeter. First, according to the knowledge of hydraulics, the variable boundary constraint is established, and then the simulation model of flowmeter fluid development process is established. Second, the Comsol Multiphysics finite element simulation software is adopted to solve the fluid development process, and the required distance for the full development of the partially-filled pipe fluid is obtained. Finally, the optimal installation position of the partially-filled pipe electromagnetic flowmeter sensor was determined based on the distance. The simulation results prove the feasibility of the proposed method, which can provide powerful theoretical support for the fabrication of partially-filled pipe electromagnetic flowmeters.

Optimal meter placement for pipe burst detection in water distribution systems

Pipe bursts in water distribution systems (WDS) must be rapidly detected to minimize the loss of system functionality and recovery time. Pipe burst is the most common failure in WDS. It results in water loss out of the system, increased head losses, and low pressure at the customers' taps. Therefore, effective and efficient detection of pipe bursts can improve system resilience. To this end, this study proposes an optimal meter placement model to identify meter locations that maximize detection effectiveness for a given number of meters and type of meter. The linear programming model is demonstrated on a modified Austin EPANET hydraulic network. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for alternative pressure and flow meters are applied to investigate the relationship between the level of available information and pipe burst detection effectiveness. The optimal sensor locations were distinctly different depending on the type of meter and the objective to be considered. The ROC curves for alternative pressure and pipe flow meters showed that pipe flow meters are vulnerable to false alarms, and that using many pipe flow meters could detect all pipe bursts. Pressure meters could detect up to 82% of the burst events.

엔진 고공 시험에서 공기 유량 측정용 벤투리 파이프의 제작 및 측정 불확도 분석

Design, manufacture and calibration procedures of a venturi pipe flowmeter for airflow measurement in altitude engine test were discussed. Altitude engine test using venturi pipe was given as an example. The venturi was designed per the ISO standard of ISO5167, and was intented to include the entire airflow range in the test envelope of the gas turbine engine. Measurement uncertainty analysis was performed in the design procedure to investigate the effect of venturi geometry and sensor specification upon the measurement uncertainty. Manufacturing process was designed to minimize the deviation from the geometry of design. Calibration was performed to get the relationship between the discharge coefficient and the pipe Reynolds number. Then the uncertainty was assessed again using real data acquired during engine test. Through these procedures, it was possible to maintain the uncertainty of airflow measurement under 1 % for most of the operating envelope of the gas turbine engine. The discharge coefficient of the venturi pipe showed agreement with the value suggested in the ISO standard ISO5167-4 within 0.6 %.

New non-invasive pipe flowmeter and leakage logger

New non-invasive pipe flowmeter and leakage logger

Application of a 45° Bend Pipe with a Bypass Flow Meter without Changing the Flow Direction or the System Construction

Sprinkler systems are widely used in agricultural production. Rapid and accurate determination of flow discharges is required in order to optimize the control and management of sprinkler systems. A number of studies on measurement methods and instruments have been published, but these options are very expensive. With the aim of finding techniques that are low in cost and require low energy consumption, the use of 90 bend pipe flow meters has been examined, but the equipment is difficult to install. In this study, we found that 45 bend pipes can be installed on any main straight pipe section without influencing the flow direction or pipeline system construction. The main flow discharge can then be defined by the proportion of the bypass flow discharge. The procedure for the design of bypass flow meters was accomplished by introducing orifices with different diameters into a bypass route based on the obtained experiment results. Since the bypass flow discharge is very small in comparison with the main pipe flow discharge, a small flow meter can be installed on the bypass route with considerable reduction in cost. Moreover, a float-type flow meter can also be installed on the bypass route in order to rapidly and accurately determine the flow discharge. Consequently, the control and management of the quantity of irrigated water are easier and more convenient. Accurate and timely water measurement is important for large-scale irrigation systems in agriculture.

Accuracy Evaluation of High-accuracy Flowmeter using UVP

The accuracy evaluation of a pipe flowmeter using UVP is investigated by numerical simulations and experiments. The meter doesn't fundamentally need the profile factor. The fundamental error depends on the number of measuring points set up in the pipe. We ascertained that the error value became less than 1%, if the measuring points are provided more than 110. It doesn't depend in the state of laminar/turbulent flow. In addition, the relation between the measuring time and the error is estimated in pulsatory pipe flows, for which the mean flow rate must be measured usually for a long time. With a statistics theory and a set of experiments we established the estimation method of the error and the necessary measuring time, which are function of the aimed error value, the frequency and pulsatory amplitude of the flow rate.

Ground Water Instrumentation Program of the U.S. Geological Survey

AbstractThe U.S. Geological Survey has been Involved, for many years, in a variety of ground water data collection and sampling programs. The constraints imposed by logistics and the environment often preclude the use of commercial and industrial equipment; thus the survey is forced to do in‐house design and development of selected instruments or modify existing equipment to fit the specific need. Ground water instrumentation currently being designed and developed include: (1) running time totalizer (2) cross‐correlation pipe flowmeter (3) ground water monitoring system, and (4) small‐diameter deep well pump. A description and principle of operation for each of the developments are presented.

Solutions of the electromagnetic flowmeter equation for cylindrical geometries

A solution is given for the potential distribution around an electromagnetic velocity probe, of the type proposed by Mills for insertion into human arteries to measure blood flow, and the design and use of the probe are discussed in the light of this solution. A solution is also given for the potential in a pipe flowmeter with a magnetic field which does not vary in the axial direction.