Pinus Massoniana Forest Research Articles

马尾松林土壤微生群落结构对不同营林处理的响应

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 马尾松林土壤微生群落结构对不同营林处理的响应 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201707131275 作者: 作者单位: 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室 南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室 南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室 南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室 南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室 南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室 南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,湖北省秭归县国有九岭头林场 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（CAFYBB2016SY015，CAFYBB2016SY013） Soil microbial community structure of Pinus massoniana forest under various forest management practices Author: Affiliation: Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, State Forestry Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment;Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University,Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, State Forestry Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment;Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University,Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, State Forestry Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment;Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University,Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, State Forestry Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment;Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University,Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, State Forestry Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment;Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University,Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, State Forestry Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment;Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University,Jiulingtou State-owned Forest Farm of Zigui County， Hubei Province Fund Project: Fundamental Research Funds of RIFEEP 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:以不同营林处理措施（对照、除灌、采伐1（15%）、采伐2（70%）后不同时期（处理后2个月，2013年12月；处理后15个月，2014年12月）三峡库区马尾松飞播林为研究对象，采用磷脂脂肪酸分析法对其土壤微生物生物量、微生物群落结构进行测定，同时比较了不同处理土壤理化性质特征，结果表明：1）处理后1年，除丛枝菌根真菌外，除灌、采伐1和采伐2微生物群落各类群生物量以及总生物量与对照相比均呈现减少的趋势，而在处理后初期并无规律性变化；2）主成分分析表明（PCA）不同处理措施在实施后初期并未对微生物群落结构产生显著影响，而在处理后1年，除灌和采伐1、采伐2的微生物群落结构显著区别于对照，且与土壤微生物群落多样性相关的2个主成分分别解释变量变化的50.40%和26.70%；3）2013年真菌生物标记（20：1 w9c）与主成分1极显著相关，而在2014年与主成分1极显著相关的生物标记物变为革兰氏阴性细菌（16：1w7c）；4）冗余度分析表明，土壤湿度、土壤温湿度比值、土壤微生物熵（微生物量碳（MBC）/土壤有机碳（SOC））是影响不同时期微生物群落结构的显著环境因子（P < 0.05）。 Abstract:Soil microorganisms can make up more than 95% of the total soil biomass, and plays important role in decomposition of carbon sources and organic matter. Forest management practices (e.g., harvesting, burning, and thinning) influence the composition of the soil microbial community by affecting habitat and substrate for soil microorganisms directly and indirectly, and hence affect soil carbon process. Quantifying the responses of the soil microbial community to forest management is vital to accurately evaluate forest carbon balance and to reveal the underlying mechanisms of soil carbon process change. Thus, an aerially seeded Pinus massoniana forest was chosen in the Three Gorges reservoir area to evaluate the effects on soil microbial community owing to different forest management practices (i.e., control; shrub-removal:harvesting all shrubs and removing all harvest residues. Harvest strategy 1:15% harvest intensity and removing main harvest residues without leaves and small branches; Harvest strategy 2:70% harvest intensity and the same harvest residue management as that in harvest 1). All experimental treatments were located in similar habitats and consisted of three 20 m×20 m plots. The treatments were conducted in October 2013, and soil samples were collected in December 2013 (2 months post treatments) and December 2014 (12 months post treatments) to analyze soil microbial community by using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) methods, and analyze soil chemical properties. The results showed that the total microbial biomass and biomass of all microbial species (except arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) in shrub-removal, harvest strategy 1 and harvest strategy 2 were lower than those of the control in December 2014. However, there was no consistent rule observed in December 2013. Principal component analysis indicated that all treatments showed no significant change in soil microbial community structure in December 2013; the 2 principal component factors related to microbial community diversity explained 60.90% and 17.40% of the variation respectively. Shrub-removal, harvest strategy 1 and harvest strategy 2 did significantly affect soil microbial community structure in December 2014, and the 2 principal component factors related to microbial community diversity explained 50.40% and 26.70% of the variation respectively. In 2013, 5 PLFAs (Mel 16:0, 16:1w5c, 16:1w7c, al17:0 and 20:1w9c) played a major role in the first principal component, and 7 PLFAs (Mel16:0, 16:1w5c, 14:0, 16:0, cy17:0, 16:1w7c, i14:0) played a major role in the first principal component in 2014. The fungi (20:1w9c) PLFAs played the most significant role in the first principal component in 2013 and was replaced by gram negative bacteria (16:1w7c) PLFAs in 2014. Soil moisture, ratio of soil temperature and soil moisture, and soil microbial quotient (ratio of soil microbial biomass carbon and soil organic carbon) were significant factors regulating soil microbial community structure at different treatment times (P < 0.05), as revealed by redundancy analysis (RDA). 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Interactions between Two Fungi Strains during Litter Decomposition through a Microcosm Experiment: Different Degradative Enzyme Activities

Fungi are the key agents in litter decomposition in forest ecosystems. However, the specific roles of the interactions between different fungal species during litter decomposition process are unclear. To evaluate the interactions, two fungi strains with significantly different morphs were isolated from the soils of Quercus acutissima forest and Pinus massoniana forest, and inoculated in the litter powder of Quercus acutissima leaves and Pinus massoniana needles with grown separately and in coexistence equally through a microcosm experiment. The enzyme activities were determined as a proxy for microbial activities. The results showed that the degradative enzymes involved in litter decomposition showed varying dynamics pattern during the incubation period. The interactions between the two fungi strains are synergism, and benefit to each other according to enzyme activities, suggesting that a fungi strain growth was accelerated by the presence of other fungi strain during litter decomposition process. However, the interactions of the two fungi strains were bilateral antagonism inoculated in the litter powder of Quercus acutissima leaves according to cellobiohydrolase activities. The synergism, despite bilateral antagonism in an exceptional case, may be an important factor controlling the fungal colonization and growth on litter substrate. The results implied that more fungal species may accelerate litter decomposition rates due to their mutual cooperation.

生境片段化对千岛湖马尾松林内土壤种子库的影响

生境片段化对千岛湖马尾松林内土壤种子库的影响

Thinning but not understory removal increased heterotrophic respiration and total soil respiration in Pinus massoniana stands

Quantifying soil respiration (Rs) and its components [autotrophic respiration (Ra) and heterotrophic respiration (Rh)] in relation to forest management is vital to accurately evaluate forest carbon balance. Thus, Rs, Ra, and Rh were continuously monitored from November 2013 to November 2016 in Pinus massoniana forests subjected to four different management practices in China. We hypothesized that understory removal and thinning decrease Ra and Rh and thus Rs, and these decreases will change with time following UR and thinning. Mean values of Rs, Ra, and Rh in light thinned plots (LT=15% of tree basal area thinned) and heavily thinned plots (HT=70% of tree basal area thinned) were significantly higher than in control (CK) and understory removal plots (UR). The annual Rh/Rs ratio ranged from 58% to 70% across all treatments, and this ratio was significantly higher in HT and LT than in UR and CK. Only HT significantly increased soil temperature. Soil temperature could better explain Rh (R2=0.69–0.96) than Ra (R2=0.51–0.86). HT and LT increased Q10 for both Ra and Rh, except for Rh in UR. Soil moisture content (W; %) was significantly higher in HT than in other treatments, but W had limited effects on soil respiration in that rain-rich subtropical China. This result suggests that global warming alone, or in combination with clear-cutting or canopy tree thinning will markedly increase soil heterotrophic respiration and thus the total soil CO2 emission. To get firewood for local people and to reduce soil CO2 emissions under global warming, canopy trees are needed to be protected and understory shrubs may be allowed to be used in the subtropical China.

The characteristics of soil and water loss in Pinus Massoniana forest in Quaternary red soil area of south China

The soil and water loss in Pinus massoniana forests is an urgent environmental problem in the red soil region of southern China.Using the method of field monitoring, by analogy and statistical analysis, The characteristics of soil and water loss of Pinus massoniana forests in Quaternary red soil region under 30 rainfall were analyzed,the results show that the relationship models of rainfall,runoff and sediment of pure Pinus massoniana plot were slightly different from the naked control plot,were all the univariate quadratic linear regression models.the contribution of runoff and sediment in different rain types were different, and the water and soil loss in Pinus massoniana forest was most prominent under moderate rain.The merging effect of sparse Pinus massoniana forest on raindrop, aggravated the degree of soil and water loss to some extent.

Bivariate distribution characteristics of spatial structure in five different Pinus massoniana forests

Bivariate distribution characteristics of spatial structure in five different Pinus massoniana forests

Seasonal variation of soil carbon and nitrogen under five typical Pinus massoniana forests

ABSTRACTFive different typical Pinus massoniana forests were sampled in the Guizhou Province to evaluate the effects of seasons on soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (STN), and inorganic nitrogen (SIN) in these forests. More seasonal variation occurred in the topsoil than in lower layers. The SOC and STN contents varied the least amongst the soil layers, but the SIN contents had the largest values and ranges during autumn. Carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N) exhibited neither a vertical change nor a seasonal trend. C/N was either maximal or minimal depending upon the sites during autumn, indicating that ecological process during summer soils would strongly change this. More gravel content resulted in higher litter stock, SOC, and STN level in low-productivity forests. A low phosphorus level might result in low SOC and STN contents in clay-rich soils. Low litter stock and clay content will result in low SOC and STN levels in coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests in contrast to pure forests. The SOC and soil N contents in P. massoniana forests are apparently affected by different sampling seasons, particularly in topsoil. This should be taken into account when evaluating C and N contents and their respective storages in other forest types.

Characteristics of Fine Roots of Pinus massoniana in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China

Several studies have focused on fine roots characteristics because they provide a major pathway for nutrient cycling and energy flow in forest ecosystems. However, few studies have evaluated changes in fine root characteristics according to their diameter. Pinus massoniana forests are the main vegetative component in the Three Gorges Reservoir area and play an important role in providing forest resources and ecological services. Pinus massoniana fine roots were sorted into 0–0.5, 0.5–1, and 1–2 mm diameter classes, and their fine root standing biomass (FRB), necromass, annual production and decomposition rates were determined and correlated with soil characteristics. These fine roots in three diameter classes significantly differed in their initial carbon (C), C/N ratio, FRB, necromass, annual C and N production and decomposition rate. The production and decomposition of these different diameter classes varied significantly with soil variables including soil temperature, moisture, calcium and ammonium concentration but the strength of these interactions varied dependent on diameter class. The very fine roots had a faster decomposition ratio than larger fine roots due to the lower N content, higher C/N ratio and higher sensitivity to soil environmental factors. These results clearly indicate heterogeneity among fine roots of different diameters, and these variations should be taken into account when studying fine root characteristics and their role in the C cycle.

Dynamics of Leaf Litter and Mineral Soil Nutrients in Different Sized Pinus massoniana Forest Gaps

Dynamics of Leaf Litter and Mineral Soil Nutrients in Different Sized Pinus massoniana Forest Gaps

Mapping spatial distribution of forest age in China

AbstractForest stand age is a meaningful metric, which reflects the past disturbance legacy, provides guidelines for forest management practices, and is an important factor in qualifying forest carbon cycles and carbon sequestration potential. Reliable large‐scale forest stand age information with high spatial resolutions, however, is difficult to obtain. In this study, we developed a top‐down method to downscale the provincial statistics of national forest inventory data into 1 km stand age map using climate data and light detection and ranging‐derived forest height. We find that the distribution of forest stand age in China is highly heterogeneous across the country, with a mean value of ~42.6 years old. The relatively young stand age for Chinese forests is mostly due to the large proportion of newly planted forests (0–40 years old), which are more prevailing in south China. Older forests (stand age &gt; 60 years old) are more frequently found in east Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau and the central mountain areas of west and northeast China, where human activities are less intensive. Among the 15 forest types, forests dominated by species of Taxodiaceae, with the exception of Cunninghamia lanceolata stands, have the oldest mean stand age (136 years), whereas Pinus massoniana forests are the youngest (18 years). We further identified uncertainties associated with our forest age map, which are high in west and northeast China. Our work documents the distribution of forest stand age in China at a high resolution which is useful for carbon cycle modeling and the sustainable use of China's forest resources.

Aliidongia dinghuensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a poly-β-hydroxybutyrate-producing bacterium isolated from Pinus massoniana forest soil.

A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium, designated 7M-Z19T, was isolated from a soil sample collected from a Pinus massoniana forest of Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve, Guangdong Province, PR China. Strain 7M-Z19T grew at pH 4.5-7.5 (optimum pH 6.0-6.5), 10 to 37 °C (optimum 28 °C) and NaCl concentration up to 2.0 % (optimum 0 %, w/v). iso-C17 : 0, C18 : 1ω7c and C19 : 0ω8c cyclo were the major fatty acids (>10 %) while ubiquinone-10 was the only respiratory quinone detected in 7M-Z19T. The polar lipids of the strain consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, six unidentified aminophospholipids, three unidentified phospholipids, six unidentified lipids and a glycolipid. The DNA G+C content was 65.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the isolate formed a distinct lineage with Dongia mobilis and Dongia rigui within the family Rhodospirillaceae, but with a low sequence similarity of 92.7 and 92.0 %, respectively. On the basis of phylogenetic, phenotypic, physiological and chemotaxonomic distinctiveness, strain 7M-Z19T should be placed in the family Rhodospirillaceae as a representative of a novel genus and species, for which the name Aliidongia dinghuensis gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain of the type species is 7M-Z19T (=NBRC 112240T=KCTC 52134T=CGMCC 1.15725T).

CCD遥感数据研究马尾松毛虫灾害空间扩散规律

以2009广西重大灾害为实例，以广西宾阳和横县交界的这个重要灾害区域为研究区，主要利用GIS的空间分析技术和CCD遥感数据，运用红边dVI660和dVI475参数、植被指数NDVI、RVI分析马尾松毛虫灾害范围和程度，探讨了松毛虫灾害的发生发展规律。结果表明：CCD数据的红边dVI660和dVI475参数对受灾区域较为敏感；比较多时相各指数受灾前后变化，其变化趋势一致，各指数值增加表明未受马尾松毛虫危害，而其下降则表明是受灾区域，其中以红边dVI660值变化幅度最大；结合地面数据，初步确定了不同虫害程度的指数值，初步确定了不同受灾程度的面积，其中以红边dVI660分析反演的马尾松毛虫灾害最适合实际灾害情况，为以后的研究提供了线索。本研究还证实了应用遥感可以尽可能早地发现灾害初始发生的论断。 Based on the Masion Pine caterpillar outbreak data in 2009 near the border areas of Binyang and Hengxian counties in Guangxi, GIS spatial analysis technology and CCD remote sensing data of HJ were studied for the prediction of Masion Pine caterpillar distribution and damage. Various vegetation indexes of CCD data including dVI660, dVI475, NDVI, and RVI were examined. The results showed that dVI660 and dVI475 were sensitive to reflecting the damage areas of different degrees, so the developing rules of Masion Pine caterpillar hazard could be shown with different temporal point imageries. The vegetation indices prior to and after the damage by Masion Pine caterpillar showed that the change of these indexes was consistent with increasing values of these indices indicating lack of insect infestation and decreasing values of these indices correspond to insect outbreak and damage. The critical values of these indices reflecting different degrees of damage of the corresponding infested forest areas were determined by integrating CCD remote sensing data with the ground survey data. It was showed that dVI660 was the most sensitive index among the examined indices with the highest accuracy of predicting Masion Pine caterpillar damage to Pinus massoniana forest. The current research proved that remote sensing data could be used to detect initial occurrence of Masion Pine caterpillar earlier than traditional methods.

人工调控措施下马尾松凋落叶化学质量变化及与分解速率的关系

人工调控措施下马尾松凋落叶化学质量变化及与分解速率的关系

The effects of erosional topography on soil properties in a Pinus massoniana forest in southern China

Understanding the distribution and properties of soils is necessary for planning and implementing sustainable land use and for the rehabilitation of degraded land, especially for the Pinus (P.) massoniana forests typical in the hilly area of southern China where the red soils have been badly eroded. The long-term soil erosion affected the local ecological environment greatly. To control soil erosion and restore the ecological environment, the P. massoniana forests were widely planted in this region, and the planted area was 142,000 km2 (54,830 mi2) at the end of the 1980s. This study analyzed the effects of three erosional topographies on the soil properties of the P. massoniana forests in this hilly area. Soil physical and chemical indices, microbial populations, and enzymatic activities were higher in gullies than on concave and ridge slopes. The relationships amongst these parameters differed significantly in the topographies, being more positively correlated for the gullies than for the concave and ridge slopes. The grey relational degree between soil properties and gullies was 0.93, which was the highest amongst the three topographies. The microenvironment formed by gullies improved the soil properties, providing favorable conditions for vegetational restoration. The results of this study are helpful to understand the potential effects of erosional topography on soil properties, land-use adjustment, and vegetational restoration in the hilly red soil area of southern China.

N–P stoichiometry in soil and leaves of Pinus massoniana forest at different stand ages in the subtropical soil erosion area of China

Plant nitrogen (N)–phosphorus (P) stoichiometry is associated with important ecological processes. However, N–P stoichiometry in soil and plants and adaptive mechanisms of plants to infertile soils in the soil erosion areas remain unclear. We selected 15 plots with Masson pine forest of varying stand ages in typical subtropical soil erosion areas of Southern China. The total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations in green leaves of Masson pine forest (9.2 and 0.61 g/kg) were significantly lower than the national averages in China (18.6 and 1.21 g/kg). The N:P ratio (TN:TP) of green leaves (15.1:1) was higher than the national (14.4:1) and the global levels (11.8:1 or 11.0:1). Forest soil TN, TP concentrations (0.41 and 0.14 g/kg) were lower than the national averages. The high N:P ratio of green leaves and low soil TP, AP concentrations indicated that P was important in limiting Masson pine forest growth, especially for forests with stand age less than 10 years. Leaf TN, TP resorption efficiencies of Masson pine forests were 26.5 and 64.9 %, and TP in senesced leaves of Masson pine with different stand ages was completely resorbed, suggesting that Masson pine was effective at adapting to nutrient-poor soils. Differences in leaf N–P stoichiometry among different stand ages indicated that nutrient demand varied with Masson pine forest growth stages. Changes in forest soil N–P stoichiometry suggested that Masson pine forest afforestation could greatly improve the soil quality in the eroded lands. However, the significant improvement would take at least a 30-year-long period.

Composition and mineralization of soil organic carbon pools in four single-tree species forest soils

Forest soil carbon (C) is an important component of the global C cycle. However, the mechanism by which tree species influence soil organic C (SOC) pool composition and mineralization is poorly understood. To understand the effect of tree species on soil C cycling, we assessed total, labile, and recalcitrant SOC pools, SOC chemical composition by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and SOC mineralization in four monoculture plantations. Labile and recalcitrant SOC pools in surface (0–10 cm) and deep (40–60 cm) soils in the four forests contained similar content. In contrast, these SOC pools exhibited differences in the subsurface soil (from 10 to 20 cm and from 20 to 40 cm). The alkyl C and O-alkyl C intensities of SOC were higher in Schima superba and Michelia macclurei forests than in Cunninghamia lanceolata and Pinus massoniana forests. In surface soil, S. superba and M. macclurei forests exhibited higher SOC mineralization rates than did P. massoniana and C. lanceolata forests. The slope of the straight line between C 60 and labile SOC was steeper than that between C 60 and total SOC. Our results suggest that roots affected the composition of SOC pools. Labile SOC pools also affected SOC mineralization to a greater extent than total SOC pools.

Canopy spectral characteristics distinguishability analysis of Pinus massoniana forests with Dendrolimus punctatus Walker damage

Canopy spectral characteristics distinguishability analysis of Pinus massoniana forests with Dendrolimus punctatus Walker damage

Carbon stock density in planted versus natural Pinus massoniana forests in sub-tropical China

Carbon stock density was quite similar in planted vs natural forest of Masson’s pine ( Pinus massoniana Lamb.) in China across three ages (7, 15, and 50 years). The stock in the standing trees was larger in planted than in natural forests, but this difference was compensated by larger stocks in the soil and the debris of natural forests. Most studies on the carbon stocks are focused on management strategies to maximize carbon stocks. We still lack data comparing planted vs natural conifer forests. We compared carbon storage in the different compartment (vegetation, soil, debris) along a chronosequence of Masson’s pine plantations vs natural forests. We investigated 58 Masson’s pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) forest stands (20 m × 50 m plots), that differ in stand management (planted and natural forests) and age (young, middle-aged, and mature ages) and then calculated the carbon stock densities of vegetation biomass (tree, shrub, and herb), debris, and soil. The carbon stock densities in the planted and natural Masson’s pine forest ecosystems ranged from 78 to 210 Mg ha−1 and from 97 to 177 Mg ha−1 respectively. The carbon stock densities in the vegetation were significantly greater in planted forests than in natural forests. A lower carbon stock density in debris and soil alleviated the increase of biomass carbon stock densities in planted vs natural forests, leading to similar carbon stock densities at ecosystem level. The carbon stock densities in the vegetation increased with age, whereas those of debris and soil remained stable. Planted forests of Masson’s pine sequester similiar amounts of carbon at ecosystem level to those in natural forests, reinforcing the idea that planted pine forests can contribute to the mitigation of greenhouse gas emission.

马尾松林土壤呼吸组分对不同营林措施的响应

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 马尾松林土壤呼吸组分对不同营林措施的响应 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201503020398 作者: 作者单位: 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室,中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室,中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室,中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（CAFRIFEEP201101）；林业公益性行业科研专项（201104008） Responses of soil respiration and its components to forest management in Pinus massoniana stands Author: Affiliation: Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, State Forestry Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment;National Forest Ecosystem Station of Three Gorges Reservoir in Zigui County,,Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, State Forestry Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment;National Forest Ecosystem Station of Three Gorges Reservoir in Zigui County, Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:针对不同营林措施（对照、除灌、采伐1（15%）、采伐2（70%）后的三峡库区马尾松飞播林，采用LI-8100对其土壤呼吸组分的呼吸速率和土壤温度、湿度进行为期1年的连续观测分析表明，不同营林措施对土壤呼吸组分的影响不同。1）观测期内，各营林措施下凋落物层呼吸速率差异并不显著，对照、除灌、采伐1、采伐2的根呼吸速率均值分别为：1.00、0.83、0.86、1.11μmolCO2m-2s-1；采伐处理下矿质土壤呼吸显著高于对照和除灌（P<0.05）；2）与对照相比，营林措施并未显著改变凋落物呼吸对于土壤总呼吸的贡献率（18.78%-23.70%），但降低了根呼吸的贡献率，其中以采伐1最为显著（P<0.05）；除灌的矿质土壤呼吸贡献率（37.00%）与对照（38.32%）相近，而采伐1（45.63%）和采伐2（43.07%）均显著增加了矿质土壤呼吸的贡献率，矿质土壤呼吸的变化是造成采伐措施下土壤呼吸变化的主要土壤呼吸组分；3）营林后仅采伐2措施下土壤温湿度显著高于对照，土壤温湿度双因子模型较单因子模型能更好的解释土壤呼吸组分变化，但仅能解释其部分变化（4.6%-59.3%），仍需对营林后其他相关因子进行深入的综合研究。 Abstract:Forest soils play a critical role in the carbon cycle and carbon sequestration at both global and local scales, and forest management practices (e.g., harvesting, burning, and thinning) influence soil carbon processes by altering organic matter quality and quantity, key microclimatic conditions, microbial communities, and other factors. However, the effects of forest management on soil carbon effluxes in different ecosystems are still largely unknown, despite being critical to estimate global carbon fluxes. Quantifying the responses of soil respiration and its components to forest management is vital to accurately evaluate forest carbon balance. Thus, an aerially seeded Pinus massoniana forest was chosen in the Three Gorges reservoir area to evaluate the effects on soil respiration of different forest management practices (i.e., control; shrub-cutting:harvesting all shrubs and removing all harvest residues. Harvest strategy 1%-15% harvest intensity and removing main harvest residues without leaves and small branches; Harvest strategy 2%-70% harvest intensity and the same harvest residue management as that in harvest 1). All experimental treatments were located in similar habitats and consisted of three 20 m×20 m plots. The treatments were conducted in October 2013. A combination of trenching and litter removing methods were employed in order to partition soil respiration into components of litter layer respiration, root respiration, and mineral soil respiration. The soil temperature, soil moisture, and rate of soil respiration and its components were observed continuously for one year (from November 2013 to October 2014) using a Li-8100 system. Management did not affect litter layer respiration within the measuring period. Root respiration in the control, shrub-cutting, harvest strategy 1, and harvest strategy 2 treatments were 1.00, 0.83, 0.86, and 1.11 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1, respectively. The mineral soil respiration of harvested stands was significantly higher than that of control and shrub-cutting stands (P < 0.05). The proportion of litter layer respiration to total respiration was not significantly influenced by forest management (18.78%-23.70%), but the contribution of root respiration to total respiration was reduced, especially in the harvest strategy 1 treatment (P < 0.05). The contribution of mineral respiration to total respiration significantly increased in harvested stands, which was mainly attributed to the decrease in total soil respiration. Management effects on soil temperature and soil moisture were only observed in the stands of harvest strategy 2. A two-factor model that included soil temperature and moisture better explained the variations in soil respiration (4.6%-59.3%) than that by a model using temperature (4.2%-59.1%) or moisture (0.3%-23.5%) alone. Other factors that influence soil respiration and its components need to be further elucidated. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Relationship between topography and the distribution of understory vegetation in a Pinus massoniana forest in Southern China

The poor growth of understory vegetation and the severe losses of soil and water in Pinus massoniana forests have recently become serious concerns in an area in southern China with eroded red soil. The influence of topography on the spatial distribution of vegetation, however, has received little attention. This study combined several multivariate analyses to discern the complicated relationship between understory vegetation and topography. Thirty-six plots (10m×10m) were sampled in a field survey of the vegetation and topography in the central red-soil region. The distributions of the understory vegetation differed significantly amongst the topographies. Most plants grew in gullies, and few grew on ridges. The low coverage (25.2%) and number of species (5 per plot) of the vegetation on ridges was due to serious soil erosion. Surface curvature and slope aspect were the first and second most important topographic factors, respectively, affecting the distribution of the vegetation. The relationship between topography and distribution could be described by a linear model. Surface curvature or slope aspect alone, however, could only explain 22.2–59.2% of the variance in distribution. The adaptation of vegetation to specific topographies should be considered for restorations of P. massoniana forests in the study area. The results of this study will be helpful for selecting potential sites for seeding and vegetation restoration to improve the ecology of the study area. Further studies will be needed to identify the mechanism of the distribution of the understory vegetation in these P. massoniana forests.