Pingyangmycin Research Articles

The effects of intervertebral disc degeneration combined with osteoporosis on vascularization and microarchitecture of the endplate in rhesus monkeys.

To evaluate the influence of osteoporosis on the microarchitecture and vascularization of the endplate in rhesus monkeys with or without intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration using micro-computerized tomography (micro-CT), and to further analyze the correlation between osteoporosis and IVD degeneration. Twelve rhesus monkeys were randomly divided into the ovariectomy (OVX, n=6) and the sham group (n=6). The subchondral bone adjacent to the lumbar IVDs (from L4/5 to L6/7) of each monkey was randomly injected with 4ml pingyangmycin (PYM) solution (1.5mg/ml, PYM), or 4ml phosphate buffered saline (PBS) as vehicle treatment, or exteriorized but not injected anything as control (Cntrl). Degenerative and osteoporotic processes were evaluated at different time points. Micro-CT and histology were performed to analyze microarchitecture, calcification area and vascularization of the endplate. OVX resulted in significant decrease of bone mineral density (BMD). PYM injection induced progressively IVD degeneration, which was more progressive when combined with OVX. There was a negative correlation between BMD and Pfirrmann grade in the subgroups with PYM injection. The micro-CT analysis showed the combination of osteoporosis and IVD degeneration led to more calcification of endplate than any one thereof. The decrease of vascular volume percent in the endplate of the OVX-PYM subgroup was significantly greater than that in the Sham-PYM subgroup, both of which showed significant less vascularization compared to the other subgroups. In conclusion the osteoporosis could accumulate the calcification and decrease the vascularization in the endplates adjacent to the degenerated IVDs, which subsequently exacerbated degeneration of the degenerated IVDs.

Evaluating the efficacy and safety of continuous arterial infusion chemotherapy with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil in treating oral cancer.

To investigate the clinical effects and safety for cisplatin combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) intra-arterial chemotherapy in the treatment of oral cancer. A total of ninety cases with oral cancer were recruited in this study. Forty-three subjects received the pingyangmycin (PYM) (control group) with PYM 8 mg, intramuscular injection, QD for 21 days per cycle. Moreover, other 47 cases received cisplatin 100 mg/m 2 24 h perfusion chemotherapy, day 1 with 21 days per cycle, and 5-FU 1000 mg/m 2 perfusion chemotherapy 72 h with 21 days per cycle. All the patients received three cycles treatment. After three cycles chemotherapy, the objective response rate (ORR) and chemotherapy-related toxicities were evaluated between the two groups. The ORR were 53.49% and 72.34%, respectively in the control and observation group which indicated observation group significant higher (P < 0.05). The chemotherapy-related toxicities incidence was much higher in control group compared with observation group (36.17% vs. 11.63%, P < 0.05). Cisplatin combined with 5-FU intra-arterial chemotherapy was effective in the treatment of oral cancer with less toxicties.

Prevention and treatment of chylous fistula after central lymph node dissection of thyroid cancer

Objective: To discuss the causes and effective measures of prevention and treatment of chylous fistula after central lymph node dissection (CLND) of thyroid cancer. Methods: A total of 6 127 patients who underwent CLND of thyroid cancer in the Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital between July 2013 and June 2015 were analyzed; of which, 14 patients acquired the complication of postoperative chylous fistula. The following conservative treatments were initially performed: systemic therapy, local pressure bandaging, normal pressure drainage, 50% glucose injection, or pingyangmycin injection through a drainage tube. Surgical op- eration was then conducted when the efficacy of the treatment was poor. Results: After the conservative treatment of the 14 patients, the drainage volume gradually decreased in 12 patients, and surgery was performed on the remaining two patients. Conclusion: The CLND of thyroid cancer must be carefully conducted to prevent postoperative chylous fistula. An active conservative treatment must

Combined surgery and sclerotherapy for massive venous malformations of the tongue

To explore the curative effect of surgery and selerotherapy for massive venous malformations of the tongue. From January 2005 to December 2014, subtotal resection or debulking for 15 cases of massive venous malformation in the tongue was undertaken with multiple sessions of pre- and post-operative injection therapy of pingyangmycin, lauromacrogol and absolute ethanol. All signs associated with the lesions including eating, sleep and speech disorders disappeared after treatment. Complete or near complete resolution was achieved in 9 cases, and a significant reduction in size in a further 6 cases after surgical excision and peri-operative sclerotherapy. For massive venous malformations of the tongue, surgical excision combined with multiple sessions of sclerotherapy is a good treatment option.

Preparation of GST Inhibitor Nanoparticle Drug Delivery System and Its Reversal Effect on the Multidrug Resistance in Oral Carcinoma.

During the chemotherapy of cancer, drug resistance is the first issue that chemotherapeutic drugs cannot be effectively used for the treatment of cancers repeatedly for a long term, and the main reason for this is that tumor cell detoxification is mediated by GSH (glutathione) catalyzed by GST (glutathione-S-transferase). In this study, a GST inhibitor, ethacrynic acid (ECA), was designed to be coupled with methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide) (MPEG–PLA) by disulfide bonds to prepare methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide)-disulphide bond-mthacrynic acid (MPEG–PLA–SS–ECA) as a carrier material of the nanoparticles. Nanoparticles of pingyangmycin (PYM) and carboplatin (CBP) were prepared, respectively, and their physicochemical properties were investigated. The ECA at the disulfide could be released in the presence of GSH, the pingyangmycin, carboplatin and ECA were all uniformly released, and the nanoparticles could release all the drugs completely within 10 days. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the prepared MPEG–PLA–SS–ECA/CBP and MPEG–PLA–SS–ECA/PYM nanoparticles in drug-resistant oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines SCC15/CBP and SCC15/PYM cells was 12.68 μg·mL−1 and 12.76 μg·mL−1, respectively; the resistant factor RF of them in the drug-resistant cells were 1.51 and 1.24, respectively, indicating that MPEG–PLA–SS–ECA nanoparticles can reverse the drug resistance of these two drug-resistant cells.

Efficacy and safety of interventional sclerotherapy for intraorbital venous malformation in children

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of interventional sclerotherapy for intraorbital venous malformation in children. Methods A retrospective analysis of 12 cases with intraorbital venous malformation from March 2007 to July 2013 in our department was made. Twelve lesions including 7 in left eyes and 5 in right eyes were evaluated. Three patients had surgical resection before interventional treatment. Sclerosing agent such as sclerosant foam or pingyangmycin was injected into the lesions guided by DSA. Interventional sclerotherapy was performed once every month until no blood return was observed. Then MRI was used to detect the lesions 1 month after operation. If there were residual lesions in MRI images, then repeat treatment was performed. Postoperative observation included patients' general situation and adverse reactions of eye after each treatment. Results Interventional sclerotherapy were performed to all patients for a total of 42 times (mean time 3.5 ±1.0 per patient). After a follow- up of 24months, 7 cases were cured, 3 cases improved significantly and 2 cases with partial remission. Postoperative adverse reactions: transient exophthalmos in 39 case-times, peri-orbital and maxillofacial tissue swelling in 32 case- times. No severe complications were observed. Conclusion Interventional sclerotherapy is an easy, safe and effective method for treatment of intraorbital venous malformation. Key words: Intraorbital venous malformation; Interventional; Sclerotherapy; Children

1H nuclear magnetic resonance-based extracellular metabolomic analysis of multidrug resistant Tca8113 oral squamous carcinoma cells

A major obstacle of successful chemotherapy is the development of multidrug resistance (MDR) in the cancer cells, which is difficult to reverse. Metabolomic analysis, an emerging approach that has been increasingly applied in various fields, is able to reflect the unique chemical fingerprints of specific cellular processes in an organism. The assessment of such metabolite changes can be used to identify novel therapeutic biomarkers. In the present study, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to analyze the extracellular metabolomic spectrum of the Tca8113 oral squamous carcinoma cell line, in which MDR was induced using the carboplatin (CBP) and pingyangmycin (PYM) chemotherapy drugs in vitro. The data were analyzed using the principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) methods. The results demonstrated that the extracellular metabolomic spectrum of metabolites such as glutamate, glycerophosphoethanol amine, α-Glucose and β-Glucose for the drug-induced Tca8113 cells was significantly different from the parental Tca8113 cell line. A number of biochemicals were also significantly different between the groups based on their NMR spectra, with drug-resistant cells presenting relatively higher levels of acetate and lower levels of lactate. In addition, a significantly higher peak was observed at δ 3.35 ppm in the spectrum of the PYM-induced Tca8113 cells. Therefore, 1H NMR-based metabolomic analysis has a high potential for monitoring the formation of MDR during clinical tumor chemotherapy in the future.

Computed tomography–guided sub–end plate injection of pingyangmycin for a novel rabbit model of slowly progressive disc degeneration

Background contextDifferent animal models are used in disc degenerative disease research by now. To our knowledge, a functional animal model that mimics ischemic and slowly progressive disc degeneration of humans does not exist. Study designThis is an experimental animal study of disc degeneration. PurposeThe purpose of this study was to establish an ischemic and slowly progressive intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration model with an injection of pingyangmycin (PYM) into subchondral bone adjacent to the disc, using bone marrow needle guided by computed tomography (CT) scan. MethodsThe subchondral bone adjacent to the lumbar IVDs (from L3–L4 to L5–L6) of 18 rabbits was randomly injected with 3 mL PYM solution (1.5 mg/mL PYM), 3 mL phosphate-buffered saline (vehicle control), or exteriorized but not injected with anything (sham), with using bone marrow needle guided by CT scan. The degenerative process was investigated by using radiography and magnetic resonance imaging at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively, combined with histological scoring, immunohistochemistry, and real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. ResultsSignificant disc space narrowing was observed at 6 months in the discs adjacent to the subchondral bone injected with PYM, compared with the control groups (p<.05). The magnetic resonance imaging assessment also demonstrated a progressive loss of T2-weighted signal intensity postoperatively. The histological score increased significantly compared with that of the control groups from 3 months to the end point (p<.05). The bone tissue area of the end plate increased significantly at the end point, compared with that of the control groups (p<.05). The results of molecular analysis showed significant increase of matrix metalloproteinase-3, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif-5, and marked reduction of aggrecan and Type II collagen after 3 months at the messenger RNA levels in the discs of PYM group (p<.05). The von Willebrand factor expression of PYM group also showed a significant reduction after 1 month (p<.05). ConclusionsPercutaneous injection of PYM into the subchondral bone adjacent to the lumbar IVDs of rabbits, using bone marrow needle guided by CT scan, can result in ischemic and slowly progressive disc degeneration model, which mimics the onset of human disc degeneration.

Generation of Peanut Drought Tolerant Plants by Pingyangmycin-Mediated In Vitro Mutagenesis and Hydroxyproline-Resistance Screening

In order to enlarge the potential resources of drought-tolerant peanuts, we conducted in vitro mutagenesis with Pingyangmycin (PYM) as the mutagen as well as directed screening on a medium supplemented with Hydroxyproline (HYP). After being extracted from mature seeds (cv. Huayu 20), the embryonic leaflets were cultured on somatic embryogenesis-induction medium with 4 mg/L PYM and the generated embryos were successively transferred to a germination medium with 4 and then 8 mmol/L HYP to screen HYP-tolerant plantlets. After that, these plantlets were grafted and transplanted to the experimental field. In the next generation, all seeds were sown in the field, and phenotype variation and trait segregation can be observed in most of the offspring (M2 generation). The M3 generation individuals were subjected to drought stress at the seedling stages. The activities of SOD and POD were substantially increased in eight offspring of 11 HYP-tolerant, regenerated plants than in their mutagenic parents. To determine the correlation between mutant phenotypes and genomic modification, we carried out a comparison of the DNA polymorphisms between the mutagenic parents and 13 M3 generation individuals from different HYP-tolerant, regenerated plants with SSR primers. Results showed that most mutants and parent plants had signs of polymorphisms. Under drought stress, some M3 generation individuals of 10 original HYP-tolerant, regenerated plants produced more pods than the mutagenic parent; twenty individuals among them produced >60 g pods/plant. M4-generation seeds were tested for quality characteristics by Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIS) and nine individuals with higher protein content (>30%) and 21 individuals with higher oil content (>58%) were screened. We concluded that the use of PYM-based in vitro mutagenesis in combination with directed screening with HYP is effective for the creation of potential drought-tolerant mutants of peanut.

Pingyangmycin-induced in vivo lumbar disc degeneration model of rhesus monkeys.

Animal experimental study. To establish a slowly progressive and reproducible intervertebral disc degeneration model and determine the performance of T1ρ magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of disc degeneration. Recently, one of the hotspots of research efforts was related to management of early stage of disc degeneration. To our knowledge, a functional animal model that mimics ischemic and slowly progressive disc degeneration of humans does not exist. The subchondral bone adjacent to the lumbar intervertebral discs (from L3-L4 to L6-L7) of 8 rhesus monkeys was randomly injected with 4 mL of Pingyangmycin (PYM) solution (1.5 mg/mL, PYM), or 4 mL of phosphate buffered saline (Vehicle control), or exteriorized but not injected anything (Sham), respectively. The degenerative process was investigated by using radiography and T1ρ magnetic resonance imaging at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 months postoperatively. Histological scoring, immunohistochemistry, and real-time polymerase chain reaction were performed at 15 months. The mean T1ρ values of nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus in the PYM group significantly decreased after 3 and 6 months, respectively, followed by slow decrease, and the histological score was significantly higher at 15 months, compared with the control groups. The results of molecular analysis revealed a significant increase matrix metalloprotease-3, A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs -5, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 expressions, and marked reduction in aggrecan, type II collagen, von Willebrand factor expressions at the messenger RNA levels in the PYM group. Spearman correlation analysis of Pfirrmann grades showed significantly inverse correlation with T1ρ values of nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus (r = -0.634, -0.617, respectively, P < 0.01). Injection of PYM into the subchondral bone adjacent to the lumbar intervertebral discs of rhesus monkeys can results in mild, slowly progressive disc degeneration, which mimics the onset of human disc degeneration, and the T1ρ magnetic resonance imaging is suited for evaluating intervertebral disc degeneration. N/A.

Successful treatment of steroid-resistant Kasabach-Merritt syndrome in infants with transcatheter arterial scleroembolization and vincristine

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of transcather arterial scleroembolization(TASE) and vincristine for steroid-resistant Kasabach-Merritt in infants.Methods The clinical data of 17 infants with steroid-resistant Kasabach-Merritt syndrome treated between June 2007 and June 2013 in our hospital were reviewed retrospectively.Among the 17 cases,5 were located in the head and neck region,7 were located in the trunk and 5 were located in the limbs.The platelet count was all lower than 100× 109/L and the lowest was 3×109/L.After the diagnosis was made,transcather arterial scleroembolization (TASE) was performed in all 17 cases.At the time of angiography,pingyangmycin(PYM) and dexamethasone (DXM) dispersed in iodized oil contrast medium were injected into the lesions with a few minutes through the feeding artery followed by polyvinyl(PVA) pieces or absolute ethanol until the main feeding artery was embolized.Vincristine was injected through the feeding artery at the last.Besides,vincristine was used for systemic chemotherapy through intravenous injection once weekly after TASE.Four weeks after TASE,treatment effects were observed.It was necessary to perform TASE and vincristine therapy once again if the patient was not cured well.All cases were followed-up from 6 months to 2 years.Results Thirty-six courses of TASE+VCR treatment were performed in 17 cases.The success rate of operation was 100％.Fourteen patients were cured,2 improved and 1 died.The common complications were local blister or ulccr in five cases and hemangioma necrosis in one case.There was no bone marrow suppression,neurotoxicithy and cardiovascular and pulmonary complications.Conclusions The therapy of transcather arterial scleroembolization combined with vincristine is a safe,useful and effective method for steroid-resistant Kasabach-Merritt syndrome in infants and it is worthy of clinical application. Key words: Hemangioma; Sclerotherapy; Embolization,therapeutic ; Vincristine

Injectable chitosan thermogels for sustained and localized delivery of pingyangmycin in vascular malformations

Pingyangmycin (PYM) is an effective drug to treat vascular malformations (VM), but can easily diffuse from the injection site, which will reduce its therapeutic effect and increase side effect. Our study was to evaluate PYM-loaded chitosan thermogels for sustained and localized embolization therapy. It was shown that in vitro release of PYM thermogels could be delayed up to 12 days. The results measured by MTT assay showed that PYM thermogels could inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of EA.hy926 cells in a concentration and time dependent manner. In vivo pharmacokinetics study demonstrated that compared with PYM injections, PYM thermogels had a better sustained delivery of PYM. Macroscopic observation and histological examination of rabbit ear veins displayed that after administration with PYM thermogels for 18 days, obvious venous embolization and inflammatory response could be found. These results indicate that PYM thermogels is likely to achieve excellent prospects for VM treatment.

Diagnosis and treatment of faciocervical lymphatic malformations in infant

To discuss the treatment effect of infant lymphatic malformations (LMs) located in the head and neck. Fourty-six LMs located in the head and neck between 2009 and 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 26 males and 20 females, aged from 9 months to 4 years, with a median age of 1.8 years. Phase Isurgical resection was performed in 28 cases. The low concentrations of pingyangmycin was injected in 18 cases, and Phase II surgical resection was performed in 6 cases after 6 months, because of the large tumors and a wide range of invasion. Two post-operative complications were found, one was minor paralyses of mandibular branch of facial nerve, manifestied as mouth askew. Another was injured accessory nerve, manifestied as right upper limb lifting weakness, which improved after rehabilitation treatment. Surgical treatment is effective to LMs. In order to avoid serious complications, the huge LMs and microcystic LMs may be given local injection of pingyangmycin after puncture fluid, and phase II surgical resection secondly if necessary.

Synergistic effect of nanosecond pulsed electric field combined with low-dose of pingyangmycin on salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is one of the most common malignant neoplasms in salivary glands. To evaluate the therapeutic effects of nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) combined with pingyangmycin (PYM) on salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC), ACC high metastatic cell line (SACC-LM) and low metastatic cell line (SACC‑83) were tested by CCK-8 assay, cell clonogenic assay, flow cytometry and Transwell assay. Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) expression was tested by western blotting to verify the synergistic mechanism of nsPEF and PYM. The results showed that nsPEF inhibited the cell proliferation of both cell lines, and the inhibitory effect was strongly associated with time and electrical field strength. Moreover, PYM combined with nsPEF may enhance the suppression effect significantly, even at a very low dose (0.01 µg/ml). The synergistic effects may contribute to the downregulation of EMMPRIN expression resulting from the application of nsPEF. For SACC, nsPEF combined with chemotherapy agents may be a valuable strategy not only to improve the treatment effect and prognosis, but also to reduce the side-effects of chemotherapy.

Proapoptotic effect and the mechanism of action of pingyangmycin on cavernous hemangiomas

This study aimed to investigate the proapoptotic effects and the mechanism of action of pingyangmycin (PY) on cavernous hemangioma. The rat spleen was used as a model of cavernous hemangioma. PY was injected into the spleen and the pathological changes were observed at different time-points. Apoptosis was detected using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The expression levels of the apoptosis-related protein, caspase-3, were determined using immunohistochemistry and image analysis. Rats injected with normal saline were the control group. Injection of normal saline did not damage rat spleens. On days 2 and 5 following PY injection, the spleens exhibited slight swelling. On days 8 and 14, atrophic changes were observed and the splenic sinus endothelial cells were damaged. At various time-points following PY injection, the apoptotic cells were observed by TEM. The TUNEL assay showed that apoptosis occurred widely among the splenic sinus endothelial cells and other splenic cells. The apoptotic rate and caspase-3 expression levels increased with prolonged PY exposure. PY induced apoptosis of splenic sinus endothelial cells through the caspase-3 activation pathway, and resulted in endothelial cell necrosis and fibroblast hyperplasia.

Clinical effect of microwave thermosetting joint pingyangmycin injected within the occlusion in treatment of maxillofacial hemangloma

Objective To investigate the clinical effect and safety of microwave thermosetting joint pingyangmycin injected within the occlusion in treatment of maxillofacial hemangioma.Methods The clinical data of 102 patients with maxillofacial hemangioma were retrospectively analyzed.According to the different period of the different choice of treatment,the patients were divided into microwave thermosetting group and surgery group.The clinical effect,treatment time and hairdressing effect of the two groups were analyzed.Results Total effective rate of microwave thermosetting group was 96.30％,surgery group was 95.83％,the difference between the two groups had no statistical significance (x2 =0.153,P ＞ 0.05).The average surgical time of surgery group was obviously shorter than microwave thermosetting group(t =7.625,P ＜ 0.01),but satisfaction of hairdressing effect in microwave thermosetting group was obviously higher than that of the surgery group(90.74％ vs 75.00％,x2 =4.533,P ＜0.05),the incidence rate of adverse reaction was significantly lower than the surgery group(5.56％ vs 18.75％,x2 =4.262,P ＜ 0.05).The facial nerve injury occurred in 3 patients (6.2 5 ％) after operation in the surgery group,microwave thermosetting group had no facial nerve injury after treatment.There was no recurrence after follow-up for 6 months.Conclusion The clinical effect and hairdressing effect of microwave thermosetting joint pingyangmycin injected within the occlusion in treatment of maxillofacial hemangioma are satisfied,the incidence rate of adverse reaction and complication is relatively low.It is safe and effective,which is worth expanding in clinical practice. Key words: Hemangioma; Face; Microwave; Pingyangmycin

In vitro mutagenesis and directed screening for salt-tolerant mutants in peanut

To expand the salt-tolerant gene resources of peanut, we conducted in vitro mutagenesis with pingyangmycin (PYM) as the mutagen and directed screening with medium containing NaCl. After embryonic leaflets from mature peanut seeds (variety Huayu 22) were cultured on somatic embryogenesis-induction medium containing 4 mg/L PYM for 4 weeks, the surviving somatic embryos were sequentially transferred to a germination medium containing 15 and then 20 g/L NaCl. The 30 NaCl-tolerant plantlets obtained were grafted and transplanted in the field in 2011, and the mature seeds of 26 regenerated plants were harvested. In 2012, all seeds from each plant were sown in the field. The offspring (M2 generation) of 23 of 26 NaCl-tolerant, regenerated plants differed from their mutagenic parent in vigor, growth habit, flowering habit, pod shape, and seed coat color, and they also exhibited trait segregation from the same NaCl-tolerant, regenerated plant. In a germination test with a 0.7 % NaCl solution and the M3-generation seeds from 18 of the NaCl-tolerant, regenerated plants, the germination rate was substantially higher for the seeds from 6 plants than for seeds from the mutagenic parent (Huayu 22). To determine whether the changes in plant traits might be associated with gene mutations, DNA polymorphisms between the mutagenic parent and 19 M3 generation individuals from different NaCl-tolerant, regenerated plants were analyzed with 39 pairs of SSR primers, and all mutants differed from the mutagenic parent in >2 loci. The results indicate that the use of PYM-based mutagenesis in combination with directed in vitro screening with NaCl is effective for creating and identifying salt-tolerant mutants of peanut.

Analysis of pingyangmycin combined with dexamethasone in the treatment of 74 children with oral and maxillofacial hemangioma

Objective To analyze and summarize the effects of pingyangmycin (PYM) combined with dexamethasone in the treatment of children with oral and maxillofacial hemangioma.Methods Clinical data of 126 patients with maxillofacial hemangioma were retrospectively analyzed.74 patients were treated with PYM combined with dexamethasone(observation group),52 patients were treated with PYM(control group).The therapeutic effects and adverse reactions were observed in two groups.Results After treatment,the cure rate of observation group was 85.13％,which was higher than control group(34.61％),and the difference was statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05).The incidence rate of adverse reactions of the two groups was similar,and the difference was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion PYM combined with dexamethasone in the treatment of children with maxillofacial hemangioma has good efficacy and low incidence rate of adverse reactions,and it is worth widely recommended and applied in clinic. Key words: Hemangioma; Child; Face

The effect of hydroxycamptothecin and pingyangmycin on human squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue.

The purpose of this study was to test hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) and pingyangmycin (PYM) for their ability to inhibit the squamous cells of tongue carcinoma (Tca8113 cells). The effect of these compounds was tested using the MTT assay in vitro, clonogenic assays, flow cytometry, morphological observation, telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP), transplantation of tumors into athymic mice and TUNEL staining. Treatment with HCPT and PYM, alone or in combination, inhibited the tumor cells and showed a greater inhibition when the drugs were combined. The cloning efficiency of Tca8113 cells was decreased. The microstructure and cell cycle of the cells changed significantly as a result of treatment. Telomerase activity was significantly inhibited in a time-dependent manner. By appearing to promote apoptosis, the drugs demonstrated a significant level of inhibition of the tumor cells in an athymic mouse model, promoting prolonged survival. HCPT and PYM have a marked cytotoxic effect on Tca8113 cells which is improved when used in combination.

Intralesional pingyangmycin injection sclerotherapy for oral ranulas

Objective: To investigate the efficiency of pingyangmycin (PYM) intralesional injection for the treatment of ranulas in clinical practice. Methods: PYM concentrations were 2.0 mg/ml (8 mg PYM powder + 1 ml normal saline + 2 ml 2% lidocaine + 1 ml dexamethasone). The mixed PYM solution was intralesional injected into ranulas after drawing out isometric cyst fluid in 3 patients. Results: The ranulas of 3 patients showed total disappearance after the sclerotherapy, and no recurrence was found after 6 months to 3 years’ follow-up. Compared to surgical therapy, the PYM sclerotherapy was advocated by clinicians for its advantages of less injury, no scar, less suffering, etc. Conclusions: PYM is an effective sclerosing agent for ranulas. Intracystic injection of PYM may be an optimal method for the treatment of ranulas.