Pilot License Research Articles

Prevalence and ablation of different anatomic locations of atrial tachicardias in the electrophysiology lab of a single large center

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Introduction Focal atrial tachycardias (ATs) can arise from several different anatomic regions both in the right atrium (RA) and left atrium (LA). The prevalence of focal atrial tachycardia is not well known. A European study of young males applying for pilot licenses demonstrated that 0.34% had asymptomatic atrial tachycardia and 0.46% had symptomatic atrial tachycardia1. It is well-recognized that these foci do not occur randomly throughout the atria but tend to cluster at characteristic anatomic locations. However, the distribution of these sites in the total amount of ATs is not well recognized. Purpose The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of different anatomic locations of ATs in the electrophysiology lab of a single large center (300 ablations per year) and to verify the site of ablation. Methods We collected 150 consecutive patients submitted to catheter ablation of ATs between January 2010 to December 2020. Anatomic localization of the atrial focus was performed during tachicardia by analysis of endocardial activation sequence. Results The distribution of the different anatomic locations is rappresented in the figure. In 134 patients (89%) ATs were localized in the RA. In the RA, these foci mainly occured along the crista terminalis (32%), the perinodal region (22,6%), the anterior right sided septum, near the foramen ovale (9,3%), the posterior right-sided septum (8%), the ostium of the coronary sinus (5,3%), the tricuspid annulus (5,3%), the superior vena cava (4,6%), the infero-lateral wall (2,5%), the right atrial appendage (0,6%) and the cavotricuspid histhmus (0,6%). In the LA (11%), foci occur predominantly at the pulmonary vein ostia (5,2%) and less commonly at the mitral annulus (2,5%), the left sided septum (0,6%), the appendage ridge (0,6%), the roof (0,6%) and the anterior wall (0,6%). For each location of AT, the ablation was performed at the earliest activation site, but about the perinodal ATs, the ablation was performed at the non coronary sinus of Valsalva of the aortic root, regardless the earliest activation site, for avoiding to create damages to the atrio-ventricular (AV) conduction system. Conclusions ATs mainly arise from the RA. Crista terminalis is the most common site but the perinodal region is the second more frequent site. The ablation of ATs from the perinodal region is challenging for the risk of damages to the AV conduction system. The relatively low prevalence of ATs arising from the pulmonary veins could be explained for the likely degeneration of these ATs in atrial fibrillation. Abstract Figure.

Investigating the Predictive Validity of the COMPASS Pilot Selection Test

ABSTRACT Objective: The present study examined the predictive validity of a widely used pilot selection test known as COMPASS, in terms of its ability to distinguish between candidates and predict individuals’ aptitude for flying. Background: The Computerized Pilot Aptitude Screening System, more commonly known as COMPASS is a widely used selection test for ab-initio pilots. However, a literature search failed to uncover any research examining its predictive validity. Method: Thirty-five trainee pilots completed COMPASS, along with a simulated flight on a computer-based flight simulator to obtain an objective flight performance measure. Hours to flying milestones, including first solo and Recreational Pilot License, along with more subjective measures such as performance ratings by flying instructors were also compared to COMPASS. Twenty non-pilots also completed COMPASS. Results: The results revealed COMPASS to be effective in distinguishing between trainee pilots and non-pilots. However, there was no relationship between COMPASS scores and the various flight performance measures. Conclusion: These results should aid decision-makers when considering the viability of pilot selection tests, and reiterate the importance of using multiple methods/tools when attempting to select appropriate candidates for a specific role.

Study on customized knowledge graph of student pilot learning in FITS training

Knowledge graphs are useful sources for various AI applications, however the basic paradigm to support pilot training is still unclear. In the paper, It is proposed to generate the customized knowledge graph of flight trainings using machine learning method for the flight training program. In order to provide the successful key to the further understanding of the learning problems between the students and the instructors. In this research, we collected data from an aeronautical academic in Taiwan that students were trained for Recreation Pilot License Program. We performed a test on 24 students at the first of each training course, 16 data of collected been used on building the module, 8 of them used to exam the module. There are 12 courses in the training program, and 30 hours total time were suggested by academic. The score which we applied on test were based on LCG method which is the sum of Maneuver and SRM Grades. For the indicators of course component in Learner Centered Grading, namely (a) CCS1: Operation & Effect of Controls; (b) CCS2: Straight & Level; (c) CCS3: Climbing & Descending; (d) CCS4: Turning; (e) CCS5: Stalling; (f) CCS6: Revision; (g) CCS7: Circuits; (h) CCS8: Cross-Wind Training; (i) CCS9: Circuit Emergency; (j) CCS10: Solo Circuit; (k) CCS11: Forced Landing; and (l) CCS12: Precautionary & Searching Landing. Through the method of Knowledge Graph, we deduct and predict the number of hours that need to be added for each student’s learning. Using the dynamic knowledge graph to display the key issues of the course learning continuously, and make follow-up decisions for the students, instructors and airliners.

Enabling equality of employment with insulin treated diabetes in safety‐critical occupations

Enabling equality of employment with insulin treated diabetes in safety‐critical occupations

Pilot CEOs and trade credit

By using a pilot license as a proxy for the sensation-seeking personality trait, we examine the relation between sensation-seeking CEOs and trade credit. With a sample of pilot CEOs and non-pilot CEOs from U.S. listed firms from 1993–2016, we find strong evidence that firms led by pilot CEOs are more likely to use trade credit than those led by non-pilot CEOs. The positive relation between pilot CEOs and trade credit is more pronounced for firms with high investment growth opportunities. The results are consistent with our conjecture that firms with pilot CEOs tend to have a higher level of trade credit, especially when they need capital to finance long-term investment activities to satisfy the CEOs’ desire for sensation. Our findings establish a link between a CEO personality trait and trade credit and suggest that this CEO personality trait might be a relevant factor in determining purchaser firms’ use of trade credit.

The Application of Flexible Areas of Interest to Pilot Mobile Eye Tracking.

Recent progress in the development of mobile Eye Tracking (ET) systems shows that there is a demand for modern flexible solutions that would allow for dynamic tracking of objects in the video stream. The paper describes a newly developed tool for work with ET glasses, and its advantages are outlined with the example of a pilot study. A flight task is performed on the FNTP II MCC simulator, and the pilots are equipped with the Mobile Tobii Glasses. The proposed Smart Trainer tool performs dynamic object tracking in a registered video stream, allowing for an interactive definition of Area of Interest (AOI) with blurred contours for the individual cockpit instruments and for the construction of corresponding histograms of pilot attention. The studies are carried out on a group of experienced pilots with a professional pilot CPL(A) license with instrumental flight (Instrument Rating (IR)) certification and a group of pilots without instrumental training. The experimental section shows the differences in the perception of the flight process between two distinct groups of pilots with varying levels in flight training for the ATPL(A) line pilot license. The proposed Smart Trainer tool might be exploited in order to assess and improve the process of training operators of advanced systems with human machine interfaces.

Aircraft pilot licence and diabetes

Aircraft pilot licence and diabetes

Generał brygady pilot Bolesław Feliks Stachoń (1897–1941). Przyczynek do badań biograficznych oficera i lotnika

In 2021, 80 years will have passed since the death of Bolesław Stachoń, the Polish pilot and a Royal Air Force (RAF) liaison officer. His contribution to the development of Polish aviation and his activity as the commander of the congregation camp in Eastchurch (December 1939 – July 1940) and later Swinderby Airport (VII 1940 – VII 1941 r.), from which he flew combat missions, remain unknown. His education, war experience and knowledge of foreign languages predetermined Stachoń to perform high functions in the army. He was, among other things, park commander in the 11th Aviation Regiment in Lida, the Pilot School in the NCO Aviation Training Center and the commander of the Aviation Shooting and Bombing School in Grudziądz. He ran an editing business and published articles in "Przegląd Lotniczy...", and also he published books in the field of aviation. Before the Second World War world he held a diplomatic function in Moscow. He was the first Pole to gain a gyroplane pilot's license, thanks to which he brought the C-30 airship to Warsaw. In September 1939, he commanded units that brought down over 20 German planes. On the orders of General Józef Zając he undertook a military mission to Romania, where he oversaw the evacuation of Polish airmen to France. From there he made a detour to England, where he was in command of the RAF Volunteer Reserve Training Center. In exile, he continued his editorial work; cofounding the magazine "News from the World: the daily newsletter of the Center Polish Aviation in England"; published "One-day Polish Aviation in England". Bolesław Stachoń was an icon of interwar Polish aviation and first-class pilot. He died during his third bomber flight on July 4 1941.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ НАБУТТЯ КВАЛІФІКАЦІЇ ПІЛОТА В КАНАДІ

The aim of the paper is to give an overview of the qualification requirements for future pilots in Canada and to discuss trends in such professionals training modernization. The methodological framework of the research is comprised of general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization – to study the works of foreign scientists, official and legal documents); specific-scientific methods (categorial analysis – to reveal the essence and clarify the definitions of the basic concepts of the study), and the structural and functional analysis – to determine the organizational, content and procedural features of pilot training in Canada. The analysis of the normative and legislative documents showed that the most professionally important licenses giving a pilot a professional right to work in the aviation industry and civil aviation are the Commercial Pilot’s License – CPL and the Airline Transport Pilot’s License – ATPL. The paper concentrates on the analysis of the requirements for knowledge and skills that a pilot has to possess and develop as well as a number of important steps to be completed to get the CPL and ATPL as specified in the corresponding sections of the Canadian Aviation Regulations. In order to obtain a license, a future pilot has to comply with the requirements for age, health status, a number of written examinations and flight training – flight hours, flight conditions and the level of skills. The qualification of a pilot can be attained at Flight Training Units or following the completion of university and college programs. The paper describes the specifics of integrated courses offered by the former – the Commercial Pilot Licence – Aeroplane (CPL(A)) integrated course, Commercial Pilot Licence – Aeroplane/Instrument Rating (CPL(A)/IR) Integrated Course, and Airline Transport Pilot Licence – ATP(A) Integrated Course. The conclusion is made that the types of flights and pilot activities in terms of CPL (A), CPL (A) / IR and ATP (A) licenses are largely the same. The difference lies in the number of hours provided for certain activity types and several specific requirements such as flying in difficult weather conditions or interaction between crew members. Among pilots’ training modernization trends we single out the following: its organization based on the competence approach, a reduction in the cost of training a new generation of pilots and increasing its efficiency through the introduction of new technologies in the training process.

Does Occupational Licensing Improve Product Quality? Evidence From the Airline Industry

H.R. 5900, which was passed by Congress in July 2010, legislated more restrictive pilot rest requirements and increased the number of pilot training hours required to obtain an airline transport pilot license. This paper examines the effect that raising the occupational licensing standards have had on airline service quality. A priori, the effect is ambiguous since putting in place more restrictive licensing requirements reduces the available pool of replacement pilots and may cause airline pilots to behave opportunistically and put forth less effort, which suggests a detriment to on-time performance. On the other hand, well-rested and more experienced pilots may provide enhanced productivity leading to improved on-time performance. Our event study analysis surrounding the effective date of H.R. 5900 (August 2013) shows an improvement in traditional delays due to more effective pilots, but extended delays were exacerbated by binding work schedule restrictions.

Alzheimer's disease biomarkers: another tool for FAA pilot screening?

Research advancements to improve the accuracy of diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD) have altered clinicians and researchers’ understanding of the disease process. The discovery of amyloid and tau biomarkers as measures of disease pathology supports early identification of disease risk that precedes symptom onset. As a result, AD is now understood to be an underlying pathology that causes a spectrum of clinical syndromes, beginning with preclinical AD. Future clinical implementation of biomarkers will raise novel employment and professional licensure discrimination risks based on AD biomarker status. This article evaluates the potential consequences of biomarker status for commercial pilots within Federal Aviation Administration pilot licensing procedures. The article argues for a careful implementation of AD biomarker status in licensing procedures to emphasize public safety, integrate accurate scientific knowledge, and limit unjustified and adverse consequences for individual pilots.

CBS tabanlı Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci ile Yamaç Paraşütü Sahalarının Belirlenmesi

Nowadays, people living in the city tend to want to get away from the city. This situation is leading to an ever increasing interest in nature tourism and an orientation to outside sports. One of the most popular nature sports is paragliding. In this study, paragliding fields were automatically determined with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach based on Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Model criteria were decided with the help of international technical requirements for flying and the expert opinions of an experienced pilot. While international conditions were used for the definition of easy and moderate fields, difficult conditions were defined with the guidance of the experienced paragliding pilot. According to the results of the GIS-based system created, 10 out of the designated target points were randomly visited. The test flight was performed in the field by a professional paragliding pilot with an experienced pilot license. According to the results obtained, 9 fields were determined as flight areas. Consequently, a method has been developed in order to help determine alternative paragliding fields. 

How Can an Ab-Initio Pilot Avert a Future Disaster: A Pedagogical Approach to Reduce The Likelihood of Future Failure

Safety is the primary concern of the civil aviation industry. This study aimed to explore the importance of learning from failures and improving the future performance of students by teaching this notion during an undergraduate course in the curriculum of the pilot training program. A questionnaire study was conducted with students of the pilot training program of the Faculty of Aviation and Aeronautical Science after the completion of a newly introduced elective undergraduate course, Aircraft Accident and Incident Investigation. Furthermore, for the first time, the contributing factors in accidents and incidents were analyzed and classified in an undergraduate pilot training program by using the Human Factors Classification and Analysis System (HFACS) as an analytical framework. The objective of the study was to find out if the “aspects of the accident investigation course at universities” were effective on “Technical Pilot Skills,” “NonTechnical Pilot Skills” and “Program-Specific Outcomes.” Correlation and Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted for this purpose. In the regression analysis, the variables were entered into the model and controlled. The results showed that the aspects of the accident investigation course improved technical and non-technical skills of the students, as well as their program-specific outcomes, and they were actively encouraged to extend their knowledge and skills beyond that required for the Airline Transport Pilot License (ATPL). It was revealed that this new undergraduate course does not only help learn the importance of non-technical skills (Crew Resource Management, Situational Awareness, etc.) but also develops and improves the technical abilities of ab-initio pilots.

무인비행장치 분류기준에 따른 조종 자격제도 비교 연구

It is necessary to establish a UAV pilot license and training system because the number of UAV-related accidents has rapidly risen. Most of accidents are caused by the human factors such as the lack of control skill and aviation knowledge. In this paper, we investigate licensing policy of small UAV pilots and examine the level of UAV licensing system and classification criteria based on comparative analysis of national cases such as USA, UK and China. Recently, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport Affairs is planning to improve the safety regulation by taking into account the risk level of the licensing system, which has been classified according to the existing weight and commercial purpose. From the comparative analysis, we suggested a improvement policy for UAV licensing system in the view of pilot license segmentation, beyond Visual Line-of-sight flight and high risk UAV for non-commercial.

Sharon Pappas, PhD, RN, NEA-BC, FAAN

Sharon Pappas, PhD, RN, NEA-BC, FAAN (seated, center), is chief of the Nurse Executive Team for Emory Healthcare in Atlanta, Georgia.

The Intersection of Race, Gender, and Socio-Economic Status in the Life of Bessie Coleman

Gender is everywhere and influences everything. Gender can often be a system of social control. It is the primary way society groups its inhabitants. That said, gender does not act in isolation. Rather, it is part of a larger network of control that includes such elements as race, color, creed, religion, sexuality, gender identity, national origin, and socio-economic status. These factors are clearly evident in the life of Bessie Coleman, the first African American pilot of either sex to earn an international pilot's license. Born into poverty in the waning years of the nineteenth century, Bessie Coleman had four distinct disadvantages: she was poor, female, and African American and Native American in the post reconstruction South. Bessie Coleman's story is both encouraging and heart wrenching. She was a woman far ahead of her time in a society not yet ready to accept a woman of color succeeding in what until then had been the private domain of white males.

VR HMD 기반 모의 비행 훈련 장치의 조종사 훈련 효과 평가

In this paper, two different flight training devices were constructed to verify the effectiveness of a pilot training system based on a Virtual Reality Head Mount Display. VFR Flight Procedure and IFR Flight Procedure were conducted by high level pilots with Commercial Pilot Licence. Flight data and pilot

수상레저조종면허 제도의 개선을 위한 정책적 제언

수상레저조종면허 제도의 개선을 위한 정책적 제언

Pilot Certification, Age of Pilot, and Drug Use in Fatal Civil Aviation Accidents.

This study examined the association between mean age of pilot, pilot license, pilot medical certificate and drug use trends in pilots fatally injured in aircraft accidents. The prevalence of prescription drugs, OTC drugs, controlled drugs and drugs that may be potentially impairing was also examined. This study was a descriptive observational study in which the NTSB Aviation Accident Database was searched from the period beginning January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2014. During the study period a total of 706 accidents involving 711 fatalities were investigated by the NTSB. This study included 633 of these accidents, involving 646 fatalities. Of these pilots, 42.1% had drugs in their biological samples. The prevalence of prescription drugs, controlled drugs, OTC drugs, opioids, and potentially impairing drugs in the fatally injured pilot population over the study period was 28.9%, 15.0%, 20.1%, 5.1%, and 25.5%, respectively. Pilots with any drugs in their samples were significantly older than those without drugs. Medical certificate held was associated with drug use; pilots who held third class certificates had the highest prevalence at 54.1%. Pilot license was not associated with drug use. In 3.8% of the accidents, drugs were a contributing factor in the cause. Despite current FAA medical regulations, potentially impairing drugs are frequently found in biological samples of fatally injured pilots in the U.S. More education of airmen by aviation medical examiners is needed on the safety of drug use.Akparibo IY, Stolfi A. Pilot certification, age of pilot, and drug use in fatal civil aviation accidents. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2017; 88(10):931-936.

「海の技術者づくり」にみる水先人養成教育( 水先人養成教育)

「海の技術者づくり」にみる水先人養成教育( 水先人養成教育)