Pigment Printing Research Articles

Functionalization of linen/cotton pigment prints using inorganic nano structure materials

The present work opens up a novel strategy for the development of new multifunctional cellulosic pigment prints. The developed process aims at modifying the solvent-free pigment printing formulations via inclusion of certain inorganic nano materials namely silver (Ag-NPs), zinc oxide (ZnO-NPs), zirconium oxide (ZrO2-NPs) or titanium dioxide (TiO2-NPs) at 20g/kg paste followed by screen printing and microwave fixation. The imparted functional properties together with the depth of the obtained prints are governed by the type of nano additives, type of binder and the pigment colorant. The imparted antibacterial and/or UV protection properties to the pigment prints were retained with an acceptable level (>70%) of durability even after 20 washing cycles. The presence of nano materials on the surface of the obtained pigment prints was confirmed using SEM images and EDX spectra.

Smart options for simultaneous functionalization and pigment coloration of cellulosic/wool blends

The present innovative research work deals with the individual use of chitosan (2.5g/kg), Aloe vera (10g/kg), triclosan (10g/kg), TiO2-nanoparticles (TiO2-NP's, 10g/kg), silicon micro-emulsion (20g/kg) or a water/oil-repellent agent (40g/kg) for modifying the pigment print paste to produce functionalized cotton/wool and viscose/wool pigment prints in one step process. The imparted functional properties such as antibacterial, antibacterial/UV-protection, soft-handle or water/oil-repellency together with the change in the printing properties were evaluated. Some of the obtained pigment prints were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive X-rays (EDX) to confirm deposition of certain functional additives on printed fabrics. The wide-range of imparted functional properties together with the depth of the obtained pigment prints were maintained over 80% even after 15 consecutive laundering cycles. The extent of retention in functional and pigment printing properties is influenced by the type of functional additive as well as the kind of substrate.

Combined antimicrobial finishing and pigment printing of cotton/polyester blends

This study demonstrates the possibility of enhancing the antibacterial functionality and pigment printing properties of cotton/polyester blends (50/50 and 35/65) in one step. Inclusion of chitosan (10g/kg), choline chloride (15g/kg), triclosan derivative (20g/kg), hyperbranched poly amide-amine/silver or zinc oxide nanoparticles (HBPAA/Ag-NP's hybrid or HBPAA/ZnO-NP's hybrid – 20g/kg) into a pigment print formulation followed by printing and microwave curing at 386W for 5min results in an improvement in antibacterial activity and pigment printability. It was further noted that, in all cases, the G+ve (S. aureus) bacteria is more susceptible to the action of the immobilized antibacterial agents than the G−ve bacteria (E. coli). The functionalized pigment prints exhibited very sufficient antibacterial activity even after 20 washing cycles. Modes of interactions were proposed, and surface modification was also confirmed by SEM and EDX analysis.

A smart approach to add antibacterial functionality to cellulosic pigment prints

This study was devoted to enhancing the antibacterial functionality of pigment printed cotton, linen and viscose fabrics. Ag-NP's/PVP colloid, triclosan derivatives, chitosan or choline chloride was successfully incorporated into the pigment paste followed by printing and microwave curing to impart antibacterial activity to the cellulosic prints. Results obtained demonstrate that the modified pigment prints exhibit a remarkable antibacterial activity against the G+ve (Staphylococcus aureus) and G−ve (Escherichia coli) bacteria with a noticeable durability after 20 washing cycles without adversely affecting the printing and softness properties. The extent of printability and functionality of the nominated substrates are significantly governed by the type of: bio-active ingredient, binder, pigment and substrate. TEM, SEM and EDX analysis confirmed the formation of Ag-NP's/PVP colloid, of particle size range 7–14nm, deposition of cross-linked-binder film onto the modified pigment prints, and the existence of elementary Ag and Si loaded onto fabrics surface, respectively.

Use of the Novel Synthesized Aqueous Binders for Pigment Printing Cotton Fabrics Using Three Modes of Fixation

Use of the synthesized aqueous polyurethane acrylate (no volatile organic compound emission) binders 1-7, in pigment printing of cotton fabrics using silk screen technique. FT-IR spectra of binders via UV curing show the disappearance of ast C=C and δ: =C-H absorption bands from the spectra chart of cured, which proofed the occurrence of cross lin king reaction via terminal free acry late double bond. Co lor strength of printed fabrics depends on binders' type and concentration as well as the fixat ion temperature. The K/S values at lo wer fixat ion temperatures on using the prepared binders in the printing paste are better than the K/S of fabric printed with paste including the commercial binder at the same condition ( saving energy& money). The fastness properties of the printed samples depend on the type of binder used. The washing and perspiration ranged fro m good to excellent for all printed samp les. Slightly enhancement in K/S values of printed cotton fabric with increase the concentration of aliphatic polyurethane acrylate binders was noticed. The presence of 1% concentration of polyurethane acrylate binders (1-7) in the cotton pigment printing paste, and either UV curing or microwave cured for 3 min. could be considered as optimu m conditions. Improved rubbing fastness results for all the printed samples using the synthesized polyurethane acrylate binders in printed paste and UV cured are noticed as compared to those obtained by the traditional thermal cu ring technique. The results show that these binders can be used safely in preparing printing paste for printing cotton fabrics using pigment dyes.

Synthesis and properties of the vinyl silicone oil modified polyacrylate core-shell latex as a binder for pigment printing

Vinyl silicone oil (VSO) modified polyacrylate latex is synthesized by emulsion polymerization. The core-shell structure of the latex particle is observed on transmission electron microscopy. The chemical structure of the copolymer was characterized by infrared spectrum. The glass transition temperatures of core-layer and shell-layer of latex particle are determined by differential scanning calorimetry. The size of particle of the core-shell latex is measured on a nanoscale granularity analyzer. The good softening effect of VSO is proved by the application of the latex as a binder of pigment printing on textiles. The good fastness of the printed fabrics is obtained, which shows that the synthesized core-shell latex can be used as a binder in pigment printing of textiles.

ИсслЕдованиЕ загустителей, синтезированыХ нА основЕ полиэтоксилатов, модифицированыХ дИИзоцИанатамИ

Исследованы новые синтетические загустители уретанового типа при пигментной печати тканей. Показано влияние уретановых загустителей, системы растворителей, на качество пигментной печати. Показано влияние органических растворителей на реологическое поведение загусток уретановых загустителей

Synthesis and Properties of Pigment Printing Adhesive with Core-Shell Structure for Textiles

Synthesis and Properties of Pigment Printing Adhesive with Core-Shell Structure for Textiles

Study on Digital Camouflage Tent Cloth and its Application with Pigment Printing

Based on camouflage performance of military tents, camouflage pigments with four colors are chosen. In order to obtain the good camouflage effect, the digital camouflage pattern is designed as well as based on basic features including main colors and texture of the target background. The camouflage pattern is printed on tent cloths with the pigments using rotary screen printing. The tent made from the tent cloth is located in the typical target background. Finally the camouflage effect of the tent is evaluated. The experimental result shows that, the digital camouflage tent is much easier to blend with the natural background, and achieves a good effect of the optical camouflage.

Improvement Fastnesses and Color Strength of Pigment Printed Textile Fabric

This paper focused on the improvement of fastnesses and color strength of pigment printed textile fabrics. To improve fastness and color strength of the polyester fabrics, atmospheric plasma treatment was used. Polyester fabric was treated with argon or air plasma at atmospheric pressure, and plasma pre-treatment effect on the pigment printing was evaluated. A printing paste comprising synthetic thickener, binder, and pigment was applied using a flat screen printing technique. The fabric was then dried and exposed to heat. The cured prints were evaluated for color property, color fastness to washing, and dry/wet rubbing. The effects of atmospheric plasma treatments were evaluated by XPS, SEM and AFM. When the properties of atmospheric plasma treated samples were compared to those of untreated sample, higher K/S values were obtained. Also, the fastness of treated samples increased between ½ and 1 point.

Comparison between Pigment Printing Systems with Acrylate and Butadiene Based Binders

Pigment printing was carried out on lab scale by simple screen-printing techniques. By the application of acrylate and butadiene based binder, the crocking fastness, formaldehyde release and PVC migration of fabric printed with Imparon red KB pigment was evaluated. The effect of curing time on K/S values was also investigated. It has been found that butadiene based binder shows good performance in terms of crocking fastness, formaldehyde release and PVC migra-tion. It has also been observed that by increasing the binder concentration, the release of formaldehyde decreased and by increasing the curing time, the K/S values of printed fabric were decreased.

Synthesis and Dispersion Property of Poly(Butyl Acrylate-B-Acryl Amide) by Alkaline Reversed Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization in Emulsion: A Novel Amphiphilic Binder

The hydrophilic property of acrylate copolymer is very important for the dispersion and adhesion ability in many fields such as pigment printing and dyeing of textiles. Poly(butyl acrylate-b-acryl amide) was synthesized by successive reversal atom transfer radical polymerization of butyl acrylate and acryl amide in emulsion. The structure of the copolymer was characterized by infrared spectrum and nuclear magnetic resonance. By adding alkaline salt, the molecular weight and its distribution of the block copolymer were controlled. The dispersion ability of acrylic copolymer was improved by acryl amide segment; thus, preparation of a novel amphiphilic binder is expected to be helpful to solve the problems of the current binders.

A Route to Modify Polymeric Pigment Dispersants with Polysiloxanes by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

A novel approach to modify polymeric pigment dispersants with polysiloxanes was developed based on the sequential atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of styrene (St) and tert-butyl acrylate (tBA), using multifunctional α-bromoisobutyryl-containing poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS-Brm) as the macroinitiators and CuBr/N,N,N,N,N- pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) as the catalyst system. The PDMS-Brm macroinitiators were obtained from the sequential hydrosilylation of commercially available methyl polysiloxanes containing SiH groups with allyl alcohol and then α-bromoisobutyryl bromide. And then, a series of well-defined comb-like graft copolymers with a PDMS backbone and several polystyrene-block-poly (tert-butyl acrylate) (PS-b-PtBA) side-chains were synthesized via ATRP. After hydrolyzing the tert-butyl groups, the comb-like copolymers may serve as multifunctional dispersing agents in the pigment printing.

Preparation of Organic Pigment Microcapsules and its Application in Pigment Printing of Silk Fabric

A series of submicron organic pigment microcapsules with high pigment encapsulating efficiency and narrow particles size distribution was prepared via in-situ miniemulsion polymerization. The self-adhesive pigment microcapsules were applied to pigment printing of silk fabrics. It was found from printing qualities that, the K/S value, handle, dry and wet rubbing fastness of silk fabrics printed by pigment microcapsules were much better than those printed by traditional pigment paste. The TEM observation of the printed fabrics further indicated that the presence of adhesive polymeric layer on the pigment particles can remarkably improve the dispersion of pigment particles on fabric surface and the adhesion between pigment particles and the target fabric.

Use of the Newly Synthesized Aqueous Polyurethane Acrylate Binders for Printing Cotton and Polyester Fabrics

The use of the four new synthesized polyurethane acrylate binders in the pigment print paste for screen printing cotton and polyester fabrics and pigment fixation through the polymerization process of the binder by using the thermofixation technique as well as the UV curing technique was studied. The effect of changing time and temperature of thermofixation, and the time of UV curing on the color strength, and prints fastness properties were also studied. The results showed that, the newly synthesized polyurethane acrylate binders could be successfully used for pigment fixation on cotton and polyester using the two fixation techniques and in general their prints possessed better color strength values as compared to those obtained upon using the selected commercial binders.

Influence of the Hydrophile-Lipophile Property of Cross-Linker on the Properties of Acrylate Latex and its Film

A series of acrylate latexes for pigment printing binder were prepared by semi-continuous pre-emulsifying emulsion polymerization, using lipophilic glycidyl meth-acrylate (GMA), ethylene glycol dimethyl acrylate (EGDMA) and hydrophilic HA (containing hydroxyl, acylamino), N-methylol acrylamide (NMA) as cross-linking monomer. The influences of cross-linker type on the particle size, viscosity and film-forming rate of latex, cross-linking degree and tensile properties of latex film were studied. It was found that the latex particle size, viscosity and film-forming rate were closely related with the hydrophile-lipophile property of cross linkers. The acrylate latex synthesized with hydrophilic cross-linkers always exhibits the characteristics of larger particle size, lower film-forming rate, higher viscosity and pseudoplastic fluid. The cross-linking degree and tensile properties of latex film generally depend on the crosslinking groups of cross-linkers and their reactivity.

Application of new reactive and disperse dye on textile dyeing, printing with acrylate Eco friendly copolymers

This research work examines the process of dyeing polyester/cotton fabrics with a highly effective fiber-reactive and a disperse dyestuffs namely, (E)-4-hydroxy-5-((4-((2-sulfophenyl)amino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino)-3-((2-sulfophenyl)diazenyl)naphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid and (E)-5-((4-nitrophenyl)diazenyl)pyridin-2(1H)-one, respectively in one pot processes of printing and dyeing. It gives special attention to modify the influence of some important parameters such as the pH, the temperature and the concentration of the dye-bath used. The disperse and fiber-reactive dyes were formulated by pigmented printing paste in a specified styrene-acrylic as a polymeric matrices, in two different concentrations of 3 and 5%. Thereafter, it was printed on cotton fabric and dyed on polyester fabric, dried at 95°C in 2 min and fixed at 150°C in 3 min. The characteristics of cured prints such as paste add-on, fastness to washing and dry/wet rubbing were evaluated, together with fabrics stiffness. The highest K/S was obtained and the fastness properties range between good and excellent for samples printed using styrene-acrylic matrices. The lowest K/S was obtained in the case of styrene-ethylacrylate used as a standard commercial binder. Using styrene-2-ethyl hexylacrylate gave K/S better than styrene-butylacrylate for two types of printed fabrics. Dyed textiles thereafter were characterized by good dry-rubbing and washing fastness but medium wet-rubbing fastness properties. The alkaline pretreatment was affected; the adhesion of the earlier mentioned disperses and fiber-reactive dyes in the company of chitin biopolymer, to the substrate fabrics, which was manifested by the greater color strength. Pretreatment in an alkaline solution containing 10 g/l NaOH was permitted. Key words: Styrene-acrylic binders, pigment printing of cotton, polyester textile fabrics.

Synthesis of the Hydroxyl-Containing Poly(dimethyl siloxane) Modified Polyacrylate Core-Shell Latex and the Application as a Novel Binder for Pigment Printing of Fabric

A core-shell latex based on methyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, and methacrylic acid was synthesized, and the core of which was modified by hydroxyl-containing poly(dimethyl siloxane). Glycidyl methacrylate was empolyed as one of monomers in the shell and served as a cross-linker when the core-shell latex was used as an binder of the pigment printing. The chemical structure of the copolymer was characterized by infrared spectrum. The stucture and the particle size of the core-shell particles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, nanoscale granularity analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. The latex was used as a binder in pigment printing of fabrics.

Application and Study of Reactive Polyacrylate Microgel in Pigment Paint of Printed Fabric

Polyacrylate microgel emulsion was prepared by emulsion polymerization using styrene, α-n-butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate as monomer, polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether (TX-30) and sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) as combine emulsifier, divinyl benzene and ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator，respectively. The prepared microgel was analyzed by a variety of measurment methods, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The effect of microgel on the rheological properties of adhesives, leveling, mechanical properties and pigment printing performance was studied. The rhelogy and the color fastness of the pigment printing binder of printed fabrics were measured by rheometer and friction color fastness test instruments, respectively. At the same time, the mechanical properties of the adhesive film was measured by strength tester. The results show that the thixotropy, leveling and mechanical properties of adhesive printing binder and pringting quality of coating fabrics were improved when the microgel was added.

Pigment Printing of Natural Dye from Red Mangrove Bark on Silk Fabrics

Recently, the use of natural dyes in textile industry has gained more significant attention owing to environmental concern on the use of certain toxic synthetic dyes. In this research, pigment printing of silk fabrics with natural dye from red mangrove bark has been investigated. Three types of thickening agents, i.e., synthetic thickener, sodium alginate and tex gum were used to prepare printing pastes. In addition, the effects of dye concentration and steaming time during fixation step on color strength in term of K/S values were evaluated. The results on color fastness to washing and light as well as stiffness of the printed fabrics were also reported.