Pig Breeding Complex Research Articles

Nitrogen Flows in Agrocenosis of Winter Wheat Under Conditions of Different Reactions of Typical Chernozem Medium (Based on Application of 15N)

It is shown that an increase in winter wheat on typical chernozem characterized by the acid reaction of the soil medium leads to a decrease in grain yield to 30% and straw weight to 25%. The crop reached the maximum level after introducing urea and manure wastes (the yield gain was 199% in neutral soil and 165% in acidic soil). The improvement of plant nitrogen nutrition by introducing fertilizers led to an increase in the protein content in grain by 1.2 times on both soils; at the same time, the protein content was 1.1 times lower in acidic soil than in the neutral one. The maximum content of protein in winter wheat grain accumulated after both types of fertilizers were applied on neutral soil; the use of manure wastes alone decreased the protein content in grain. It has been revealed that a decrease in the yield of grain and a decrease in the content of crude protein in this grain after acidification of typical chernozem is due to a decrease in the amount of mineral nitrogen in soil and an increase in its gaseous losses. The pattern of nitrogen transformation in soil, as well as the availability of nitrogen for the plants, varied as the reaction of the medium changed. In acidic soil, the consumption of mineral fertilizer nitrogen and manure wastes by the plants decreased by 12–13% and the consumption of soil nitrogen decreased by 45%. The effect of wastes decreased the consumption of urea nitrogen by 49% (neutral soil) and by 69% (acidic soil). The consumption of fertilizer nitrogen by the plants decreased by 12–15% after acidifying typical chernozem and by 12–17% after immobilizing this type of chernozem and increased gaseous losses by 18–81%. It has been concluded that the agrophytocenosis of winter wheat maintains the ecological balance (homeostasis) when wastes from a pig-breeding complex are used and is exposed to stress when urea is applied in acid chernozem. Soil acidification decreased the resistance of agrophytocenosis to the level that is observed when manure wastes were applied and to adaptive depletion when urea was used.

Гігієнічне значення забруднення повітря викидами сірководню зі свинарських комплексів високої потужності

Гігієнічне значення забруднення повітря викидами сірководню зі свинарських комплексів високої потужності

EFFECT OF EMIDONOL’S PREPARATION ON POST-VACCINATION IMMUNITY OF PIGLETS

Poor animal health, welfare and also unhealthy mental state lead to physiological changes and disrupt the homeostasis of the body. Compensation mechanisms might not successfully overcome the stressor effect and the body will be unable to maintain normal function. It can reduce immune resistance, increase reactive oxygen species generation and so predispose animals to disease. Therefore in a livestock breeding are used pharmacology treatments to prevent severe stressor effect and to stimulate vaccination. Thence we studied the effect of an antioxidant drug on animal respond to vaccination with vaccine against classical swine fever virus. Research was held on a pig-breeding complex. In this research were involved 66 clinically healthy crossbred piglets with average body weight 12,9±0,7 kg. It was found that animals that were exposed to the drug at the dose 10 mg/kg had significantly higher immune response to classical swine fever after vaccination than animals without any drug administration. In conclusion, it is important that animals are in a state of good welfare to successfully respond to vaccination and antioxidant supplementation may help to maintain it.

КРИПТОРХИЗМ У ХРЯЧКОВ В УСЛОВИЯХ СВИНОВОДЧЕСКОГО КОМПЛЕКСА

КРИПТОРХИЗМ У ХРЯЧКОВ В УСЛОВИЯХ СВИНОВОДЧЕСКОГО КОМПЛЕКСА

Influence of preparation of pig breeding wastes for use with division into factions during the pork production on greenhouse gases emissions

These results assess greenhouse gas emissions technologies preparation of slurry for use with mechanical fractionation processes using press filtration and gravity filtration on the complexes for the production of pork with hydraulic removal system. In preparation technology of liquid manure for use with mechanical fractionation effluents from pig-breeding complex comes in the receiving tank may be made: -on filter press «BAUER» for the separation of the solid fraction; On low speed drum separator (gravity filtration) at the same time getting to the inner surface of the drum, flows filtered. The isolated solids from the effluent as the drum rotates and moves along it falls through the outlet in the hopper when the accumulation of solids in the hopper are further dewatered drainage. It is shown that the technology of preparation of slurry for use with mechanical fractionation using processes: gravity filtration and press-filtration on the complexes for the production of pork with hydraulic removal system, the overall emissions of greenhouse gases by 1 head in CO2 equivalents amounted to within 124.59 kg per year, and 146.2 kg per year, respectively. Solid and liquid fractions in the future will still be processed on all technologies, prepared and used to fertilize farmland.

Organism chronic intoxication influence on pig intestines parasitocenoses structure changes

This paper deals with the quantitative and qualitative composition change of pig intestinal microflora in the presence of Candida spp . and presents a technique of Candida spp . pure cultures isolation. The authors show the role of normal intestinal microflora in disease origin and development. The paper presents the study that let the authors find a phenomenon of chronic intoxication of various severity in animals. This study was conducted with the help of the diagnostic System, authored by N.A. Ilyina (2006) during summer months on the basis of pig-breeding complexes OOO Stroiplastmass - Agroprodukt, OOO Kurortniy in the clinical laboratory of the city hospital № 1 in Ulyanovsk. The authors studied the quantitative and qualitative intestinal microflora composition change in the presence of pathogenic Candida spp . and showed the correlation of chronic intoxication degree and dysbiotic changes nature of intestines microbiocenosis. The study also showed a high level of contamination of the pigs with intestinal parasites. The increase of the infestation depended on the pig organism chronic intoxication degree and the level of Candida spp . inoculation.

IR spectroscopic study of the chemical composition of epiphytic lichens

Changes in the chemical composition of lichens exposed to pollutants are investigated by means of FTIR spectroscopy. According to model experiments, alkyl nitrates, ammonium salts, amines, and sulfones develop in the lichen thallus through the action of ammonia and nitric and sulfuric acids. Spectroscopic data of modeling experiments enabled nitrogen- and sulfur-containing substances to be identified as the main air pollutants in the vicinity of a pig-breeding complex and information to be obtained on the content of the pollutants and their impact on the lichens.