Physiological Problems Research Articles

Postintensive care syndrome family: A comprehensive review.

Families of critically ill patients are predisposed to tremendous burdens when their relatives are admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Postintensive care syndrome family (PICS-F) can be described as a devastated life, encompassing psychological, physical, and socioeconomical burdens that begin with the emotional impact experienced by the family when the patient is admitted to the ICU. PICS-F was primarily proposed as a clinically significant psychological impairment, but it needs to be extended beyond the psychological impairment of the family to include physical and socioeconomical impairments in the future. The prevalence of physiological problems including depression, anxiety and post-traumatic syndrome is 20-40%, and that of non-physiological problems including fatigue is 15% at 6 months after the ICU stay. Assessment of PICS-F was frequently conducted at 3- or 6-month points, although the beginning of the evaluation was based on different assessment points among each of the studies. Families of ICU patients need to be given and understand accurate information, such as the patient's diagnosis, planned care, and prognosis. Prevention of PICS-F requires a continuous bundle of multifaceted and/or multidisciplinary interventions including providing a family information leaflet, ICU diary, communication facilitators, supportive grief care, and follow-up, for the patient and families from during the ICU stay to after discharge from the ICU. This is the first comprehensive review of PICS-F to address the concept, risk factors, assessment tools, prevalence, and management to prevent PICS-F to facilitate acute care physicians' understanding of PICS-F.

Rational design and comparison of three curcumin-based fluorescent probes for viscosity detection in living cells and zebrafish.

Viscosity is a crucial indicator of the cellular microenvironment, which can affect the normal level of cellular metabolism. Aberrant levels of viscosity can result in the emergence of a variety of physiological problems including diabetes, Parkinson's disease, inflammation, etc. Therefore, it is crucial to exploit effective assays that can detect viscosity levels in living cells and organisms. Three new nitrogen-containing heterocyclic fluorescent probes, CNO, CNN and CNNB, were designed and prepared by coupling curcumin with isoxazole, pyrazole, and phenylpyrazole rings, respectively. The fluorescence response properties of these probes to the viscosity level were analyzed in parallel. All the probes, CNO, CNN and CNNB, exhibited a significantly enhanced fluorescence response to viscosity in a broad pH range with excellent photostability, sensitivity and anti-interference ability. The sensing mechanisms of these probes for viscosity were verified by DFT calculations. In addition, these probes were successfully employed for detecting viscosity levels in living HeLa cells and zebrafish. This research compares the viscosity-responsive capabilities of curcumin-based fluorescent probes containing different nitrogen-containing heterocyclic structures, and provides a new design strategy and guidance for developing curcumin-based fluorescent probes for viscosity analysis.

Effect of molybdenum application in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under cold stress conditions

Cold stress (low temperature stress) is one of the abiotic stress factors. It causes many morphological and physiological problems in plants. One of the applications to eliminate and alleviate these negative effects is molybdenum application. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of molybdenum application on cold stress in commercial variety Mazamort pepper. In the experiment, control, 25 ppm molybdenum concentration, 72 hours cold stress and 25 ppm molybdenum +72 hours cold stress applications were included. Pots of 2 L were used to grow the plants and the growing medium was a mixture of peat and perlite in a ratio of 2:1 by volume. Climatic chamber conditions were set to 24±1°C during the day and 18±1°C at night with 16/8 h light/dark photoperiodicity for control conditions and 24±1°C during the day and 5±1°C at night with photoperiodicity for cold stress conditions. The experiment was planned according to the random plots factorial design with 3 replications and 6 plants in each replicate. At the end of the study, plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, plant fresh and dry weight, SPAD, wet basis moisture content, leaf proportional water content and ion leakage parameters were analysed. The highest plant height of Mazamort pepper variety was determined in 25 ppm molybdenum+72 hours cold stress application (44.51 cm). Application of 25 ppm molybdenum was effective in alleviating the negative effect of cold stress on plant stem diameter, plant fresh-dry weight and turgor potential. Moisture content wet basis was lowest in 25 ppm molybdenum +72 hours cold stress application. SPAD value in pepper plants decreased under cold stress conditions. It was observed that 25 ppm molybdenum application was ineffective and the decrease increased under cold stress conditions. Ion leakage in Mazamort pepper variety was highest under 72 hours cold stress and 25 ppm molybdenum +72 hours cold stress conditions. Under cold stress conditions, 25 ppm molybdenum application was ineffective. Molybdenum application under cold stress conditions was found to have positive effects on some parameters in general. In future studies, we believe that the application of different molybdenum concentrations and different cold stress periods will reveal the effects of molybdenum more clearly.

Ergonomic evaluation of upper extremities muscle activity pattern during 60-min smartphone texting.

Smartphone usage has increased rapidly in the last decade due to rapid technological advancements. This extensive usage of smartphones led to physiological problems and musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) due to inappropriate postures. Past studies have reported the effects/discomfort of smartphone usage for short periods, ranging from 3-20 min, which does not represent the current era of smartphone dependency (approximately 7-hr/day). This study was performed on fifty-four participants aged 20-28 with 1-hr smartphone texting in a sitting posture. Flexion angles, both sides (dominant and non-dominant) muscle activity (maximum voluntary contraction %) at sternocleidomastoid (SCM), upper-trapezius (TRP), extensor digitorum (EDM) and abductor pollicis brevis (APB) muscles, and subjective discomfort were analyzed. After 1-hr smartphone texting, the muscle activity at eight upper extremities: SCM (24.80%), TRP (29.45%), EDM (14.44%) and APB (19.87%) significantly (p < 0.001) increased by 1.5-1.9 times with 27.4±3.18° and 82.94±7.03° head and lower-arm flexion angles, respectively. The mechanical loads on the cervical spine increased by 4.6 times, and subjective discomfort by 3 times. Maintaining the same posture for a long duration causes postural stress, muscular imbalances, and discomfort, leading to MSD with increased cervical intervertebral disc pressure.

STUDENTS’ PROBLEMS IN WRITING PARAGRAPH AT THE SECOND SEMESTER OF ENGLISH EDUCATION AT MUHAMMADIYAH KOTABUMI UNIVERSITY

Writing skill is one of the most important language skill to be mastered in the language learning process, especially English. The writing process starts from writing a paragraph. Paragraph are important in writing skill. The purpose of this research was to find students’ problems in writing Paragraph and the dominant problem in Writing Paragraph at The Second Semester of English Education at Muhammadiyah Kotabumi University. This research employed descriptive qualitative research that examined 8 students in the second semester of English Education Study Program. The design of this research was descriptive qualitative research. The instrument used to collect the data were document of students writing tasks and interview guideline. The kind of interview that was used semi-structured interview. Based on theories of Bryne divides writing problems into three categories. The first is linguistic problems. Linguistic aspects such as grammar, vocabulary, Language use and choice of sentence in writing. The second is Physiology, namely content. The third is cognitive such as spelling, punctuation, capitalization and paragraph. Based on the findings, the results showed that the students' problems in writing paragraph indicate that students faced problems in 2 categories which consisted: linguistic and cognitive problems. Linguistic problems which consist of grammar is 49, vocabulary is 7, and choice of sentence is 2, and cognitive problems which consist of spelling is 1, punctuation is 26, capitalization is 29, and paragraphing is 3. Moreover, it also findthe dominant problem in writing paragraph was linguistic problems which consist grammar is 49 where student still experience problems in understanding the basic nature of grammar, namely problems in terms of the appropriateness of the placement of to be, and the correct pattern of verbs. Then, for the Physiology problem, namely content, there were no problems found on the results of the analysis of 8 students' writing documents at the second semester of English education at Muhammadiyah Kotabumi University.

Assessment of the impacts of ergonomic risk factors on shopping centre employees.

Employees of shopping malls face various physiological and psychological health problems due to their specific working conditions. The purpose of this descriptive study was to evaluate the ergonomic risk factors for employees (N=222) from three shopping centres in the city of Erzurum, Turkey. We wanted to learn more about the attitudes of the shopping mall employees regarding their current working conditions, which we hoped would help us propose measures for the elimination or reduction of the most prominent ergonomic risk factors. Data were collected between May 1 and July 1, 2022 using our own questionnaire, which consisted of questions regarding personal characteristics (gender, age, education level, marital status, working year, unit, working position, nature of the job, presence of chronic disease, etc.) and the Workplace Ergonomics Scale, which consists of 32 items divided into 6 sub-dimensions (Occupational Health and Safety, Environmental Conditions, Psychological Elements, Employee Safety, Workplace Social Environment, and Working Environment). The obtained results indicated that the majority of employees were young, healthy, high school graduates mainly working as sales consultants. Their average income was low, their working hours were long, and they found their rest periods shorter than needed. The study found that, although shopping centre employees rated their work environment as low risk in terms of ergonomics, their scores on the workplace ergonomics scale were above average. The results of this study could contribute to a better understanding and identification of ergonomic risks in the trade sector and serve for planning future prevention strategies.

From consumption to withdrawal: A broad synopsis of the effects of alcohol

AbstractThe consumption of alcohol reflects both societal norms and personal choices and has major clinical implications. Long‐term excess alcohol consumption leads to a domino effect of pathological outcomes and onset of chronic illness. However, the risks of alcohol consumption extend beyond long‐term health issues. Because habitual alcohol drinkers reach a state of systemic homeostasis, when they attempt withdrawal, they experience many negative physiological effects and may develop alcohol withdrawal syndrome. The complex interplay between alcohol consumption and withdrawal does not result solely in behavioral issues. Rather, a substantial number of important physiological adaptations and potential problems underly habitual drinking. Addressing these issues requires comprehensive medical observation and intervention. Here, we summarize the pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical diseases, and related treatment methods of alcohol consumption and withdrawal. The aim was to provide a reference to improve understanding of alcohol use and promote an informed approach to alcohol withdrawal.

Empowerment of health cadres in detecting psychosocial problems for chronic tuberculosis patients in Bulu, Sukoharjo

Bulu Community Health Center currently treats 24 Tuberculosis (TB) sufferers, 143 people in the risk group and has 30 health cadres. TB sufferers need comprehensive treatment including physiological and psychological problems. Psychological treatment for TB sufferers has not been carried out due to limited health personnel and lack of knowledge about how to detect psychosocial problems early and treat them. The aim of this community service is to obtain data on TB patients who experience psychosocial problems and increase health cadres' knowledge about detecting psychosocial problems and how to treat them. This program was carried out in the form of training and mentoring for 15 health cadres. Based on the evaluation results, the level of cadre knowledge about the concept of TB increased from 66.7 to 82.1 and the concept of depression increased from 56.4 to 72.2. Furthermore, skills in early detection increased from 52.3 to 76.5.

Formulation and Characterization of Gastroretentive Drug Delivery System of Teneligliptin

The aim of the study is an attempt to prepare and characterize the Teneligliptin floating tablets. Drugs having a short half life are eliminated quickly from the blood circulation. Several controlled delivery systems have been designed which can overcome the problems of unpredictable gastric emptying due to physiological problems and presence of food and also release the drug to maintain its plasma concentration for a longer period of time. The Teneligliptin a orally administered of BCS class-2 drug, which has low solubility and high permeability, which is widely use in the management of type 2 diabetes, is an oral anti- hyperglycemic agent, shows incomplete absorption from the gastrointestinal tract and from the gastrointestinal track and absolute bioavailability is 40-70%. This has to development of oral gastro retentive floating dosage forms.Teneligliptin is a DPP4 inhibitor and is to exert its mechanism of action on management of Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Teneligliptin is poorly soluble in acidic environment and hence the absorption of drug to diabetic patient is slow due to this gastric motility and emptying capacity.Thus it can be converted into a suitable dosage form like Floating Drug Delivery System. Around 10 formulations were prepared and are characterized by various pre compression and post compression evaluation studies. The preformulation results of Angle of repose, Bulkdensity, Tapped density, Compressibility index, and Hausner’s ratio were found to be within pharmacopoeial limit.The post compression evaluation results of all formulation were within the pharmacopeial limit. The present study revealed that the Teneligliptin can be formulated to enhance the bioavailability which can reduce the frequency of dose.

Biomimicry Architecture for Healthy Built Environment: A Review of Existing Literature

Health issues in the 21st century have become essential in addition to sustainable development issues. Health is an urgent need to find solutions to problems so that human health is always maintained. Health issues are also influenced by the built environment, one of which is studied in the concept of healthy building. A healthy building has several criteria that can be a point of view to see if the building is healthy or unhealthy. Physiological, psychological and disease transmission problems are the main problems faced by users who use unhealthy buildings. Biomimicry architecture emerged due to technological and scientific advances, in which cross-disciplinary science has become the power of knowledge today. Biomimicry architecture is a design approach that uses nature to solve human problems. Health problems and the need to produce healthy buildings can use biomimicry architecture as a problem-solving method. This paper uses a descriptive qualitative content analysis method on various written references related to biomimicry architecture and how biomimicry architecture produces healthy buildings. The conclusion of this study shows that biomimicry architecture is an approach to using natural inspiration to solve human problems, one of which is building health. Implementing principles found in nature delivers buildings designed with a biomimicry architectural approach to be healthier. That is due to the successful application of natural traits that are always adaptive, efficient, effective and live in line with the environment in the built environment.

Combined efficacy of low-calorie diets and aerobic training on nutritional status of obese patients with early type 2 diabetes.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the combined efficacy of low-calorie diets and aerobic training on the nutritional status of obese patients with early type 2 diabetes mellitus. 120 consecutive obese patients with early type 2 diabetes were admitted to our hospital between August 2021 and December 2022. The patients enrolled were equally and randomly allocated into the control group (60 cases, given conventional diabetes diet intervention) and the study group (60 cases, given a low-calorie diet intervention combined with aerobic training). The parameters, including the nutritional status, fasting insulin (FINS), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), blood lipid level, and quality of life, were compared between the two groups. Before treatment, there were no measurable differences in the levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc), albumin (ALB), prealbumin (PA), and hemoglobin (Hb) between the two groups (p>0.05), whereas two months after treatment, the FBG, 2hPG, and HbAIc levels were greatly lower, and the levels of ALB, PA, and Hb were significantly higher in the study group than those in the control group (p<0.05). Before treatment, no statistically significant differences were found in FINS and HOMA-IR values between the two groups (p>0.05). Two months after treatment, however, the study group showed lower FINS and HOMA-IR values as compared to the control group, with statistically significant differences (p<0.05). Before treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in the levels of triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) between the two groups (p>0.05), while the four levels in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group two months after treatment (p<0.05). Similarly, there were no statistically significant differences in scores of physiological, psychological, social, and therapy-related problems between the two groups before treatment (p>0.05), whereas the abovementioned scores were evidently higher in the study group than control group two months after treatment (p<0.05). A low-calorie diet intervention combined with aerobic training exerted good effects in terms of greatly enhancing the nutritional status among obese patients with early type 2 diabetes mellitus, which was deemed appropriate for clinical promotion and implementation.

Slow Deep Breathing Intervention to Reduce Pain Intensity in Mild Head Injury Patients

Background: One of the most common factors that cause head injuries is traffic accidents. Minor head injury is a nervous system disorder caused by a violent blow or jolt to the head or body. As a result of this accident an individual can lose consciousness which is characterized by headaches and pain. Pain is a physiological problem. Interventions that can be used in overcoming pain are by providing slow deep breathing non pharmacological therapy.&#x0D; Purpose: This study was to obtain an overview of slow deep breathing therapy in patients with mild head injuries and reduce pain intensity.&#x0D; Methods: The writing used is descriptive method in the form of case studies through the nursing process approach which includes assessment, nursing diagnoses, planning, implementation and evaluation. The study was conducted at the BLUD RSU Banjar City on 27-31 May 2022. The participants in this study were the patient Mrs. S is 36 years old. Complains of pain in the back of the head. The process of assessing and establishing a diagnosis is focused on the main problem. Subjective and objective data become a reference for evaluation of nursing implementation on a regular basis.&#x0D; Result: Based on the assessment of the pain scale, it was found that the original scale decreased from 4 (1-10) to 1 (1-10). Using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) measurning instrument.&#x0D; Conclusion: The author found the effect after giving slow deep breathing intervention on reducing pain intensity in patients with mild head injury and getting effective results, as evidenced by a decrease in the intensity of the pain scale. From the case study, slow deep breathing intervention can be an alternative intervention for mild head injury patients so that complications from the disease do not occur.

Pengaruh Walking Morning Exercise Terhadap Peningkatan Kualitas Tidur pada Lansia

Physiological and psychological problems can arise from sleep disorders. The majority of older people experience a decrease in sleep quality with age, so it is necessary to do morning physical activity such as walking to improve sleep quality. Objective: To determine whether walking in the morning exercise can improve older people's sleep quality. Methods: It was a quantitative research with a quasi-experimental type using a one-group pre and post-test design. The sample consisted of 28 respondents selected by purposive sampling. Measurement of sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire to evaluate a person's sleep quality. The walking morning exercise intervention was carried out thrice a week for up to 4 weeks. Results: Wilcoxon test for bivariate analysis showed a significance level of 0.008 (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: Walking in the morning exercise improves sleep quality in older people.Keywords: older people, sleep quality, walking morning exercise

Purebred dogs show higher levels of genomic damage compared to mixed breed dogs

Inbreeding is a common phenomenon in small, fragmented or isolated populations, typical conditions of many threatened species. In the present paper, we used a new non-invasive approach based on the buccal micronucleus assay to evaluate the possible relationships between inbreeding and genomic damage using the dog as model species. In particular, we assessed the frequencies of micronuclei and other nuclear aberrations in a group of purebred dogs (n = 77), comparing the obtained data with those from a control group represented by mixed breed dogs (n = 75). We found a significant increase of micronuclei, nuclear buds and total nuclear aberrations frequencies in purebred dogs compared to mixed-bred dogs. The absence of significant differences in the frequency of micronuclei and other nuclear aberrations amongst different breeds reinforces the hypothesis that the observed increased genomic damage amongst purebred dogs may not be due to a different genomic instability typical of a particular breed, but to inbreeding itself. This hypothesis is further confirmed by the fact that other endogen confounding factors, such as sex, age and weight, do not contribute significantly to the increase of genomic damage observed amongst purebred dogs. In conclusion, results presented in this study showed that, in purebred dogs, inbreeding may increase the levels of genomic damage. Considering that genomic damage is associated with increased physiological problems affecting animal health, the results we obtained may represent a stimulus to discourage the use of intensive inbreeding practices in captive populations and to reduce the fragmentation of wild populations.

Occupational fatigue and health of gas station workers: A review.

Occupational health factors such as shift work, sleep, fatigue, and work environment jeopardise the health and safety of gas station workers. This calls for new research to investigate how the working environment and characteristics impact the occupational health of workers at gas stations. However, minimal research has been conducted in this field, especially those involving psychological and behavioural factors, occupational stress, and so forth. This review was performed to investigate the present condition of the occupational risk of gas station workers in this safety-critical position. Five databases (Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Google Scholar, and PsycINFO) were searched for relevant peer-reviewed studies. Results were selected according to these criteria: studies on fatigue, shift work, sleep, and physical and mental health of gas station employees; published on or before November 11, 2021; papers in English. Twenty studies were considered for the final analysis. The results showed that shift work at gas stations leads to psychological and physiological problems. The psychological consequences included anxiety, stress, and depression, while the physiological consequences included biochemical changes and lifestyle consequences. Shift work and the specific working environment of gas station employees adversely affect their sleep, stress levels, physical and mental health, and turnover intention. This systematic review allowed us to consider the occupational risk factors that can lead to sickness or accidents and contribute to reducing these risk factors. Realistic countermeasures ought to be established and interventions must be explored to mitigate risks to life, property, and the environment in operating gas stations.

Investigation of the relationship between disasters and sleep problems in adolescents

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to determine relationship between disasters and sleep problems in adolescents. In this descriptive and cross-sectional study, 407 adolescents aged 10–18 years were included. The data were collected with Descriptive Characteristics Form, Disaster Fear Form, and Bergen Insomnia Scale. 86.5% of the adolescents had experienced at least one disaster. It was found that 67.3% of adolescents experienced sleep problems after disasters. A positive correlation was found between the mean scores of Fear Disaster Form and Bergen Insomnia Scale. In addition, mean Bergen Insomnia Scale scores of adolescents who experienced earthquakes, pandemic disease, traffic accidents, and floods were statistically higher than those who did not (p < 0.05). By screening for sleep problems in adolescents who have experienced disasters and planning and implementing appropriate interventions, adolescents who are already at risk for sleep problems can develop healthy sleep habits and prevent physiological, mental, and cognitive problems due to sleep problems.

How It Works 1: Maintaining Breast/Chestfeeding, Optimising Practice and Support – Part 2

Claire Elliott writes the second part of her article in this series. In order to maintain breastfeeding, healthcare professionals must ensure their knowledge is up-to-date and in line with the requirements of the feeding family to support their long-term feeding goals. All too often, breast/chestfeeding is adequately established, yet maintaining breastfeeding becomes difficult due to inadequate support in the postnatal period, open to misinformation due to limited knowledge and training, the well meant but misinformed advice from the wider family network and lack of access to good quality accessible services. It is well documented that postnatal care is referred to as the ‘poor relation’ of ongoing maternity care and feeding support can rapidly drop off during this time. Here we review physiology, best practice and troubleshoot common problems in maintaining feeding. Read the final part of this article here.

Which airways should we treat? Structure-function relationships and estimation of the singular input modes from the forward model alone.

Structure-function relationships occur throughout the sciences. Motivated by optimization of such systems, we develop a framework for estimating the input modes from the singular value decomposition from the action of the forward operator alone. These can then be used to determine the input (structure) changes, which induce the largest output (function) changes. The accuracy of the estimate is determined by reference to the method of snapshots. The proposed method is demonstrated on several example problems, and finally used to approximate the optimal airway treatment set for a problem in respiratory physiology.

“Stomam İle Birlikte Yaşamın İçinden Kaygılarımla Kaçıyorum”: Nitel Bir Çalışma

The aim of the study is to determine the perceptions and lived experiences of persons with a stoma. The study group of this qualitative study consisted of 14 persons with a stoma (ileostomy and colostomy) determined with the purposive sampling method. The data were collected using a semi-structured interview method and evaluated with the phenomenological analysis method. Three main themes emerged in the study; “unmet information needs”, “I am dependent and anxious”, and “the transition from one life to another”. Most of the persons with a stoma reported that preoperative information was not sufficient, and therefore they encountered difficulties in their later lives. Some participants think that the stoma has ended their independence, negatively affects their self-confidence and is a burden. It is necessary to provide adequate preoperative information to individuals who will have a stoma to ensure success in the process. This study provides comprehensive information about how a stoma and the physiological problems it causes affect persons’ lives and is believed to contribute to the planning and implementation of holistic care.

An Overview of the Increasing Ornamental Plant Business in Indonesia Post-COVID-19 Pandemic as a Result of Social Media and Its Future Perspective

The ornamental plant is one of the important horticultural commodities in Indonesia, but its development differs from that of other horticultural commodities, such as vegetable and fruit plants. The COVID-19 pandemic, which has been ongoing since early 2020, apart from having an impact on health, has also positively impacted the ornamental plant business in Indonesia. Home confinement caused certain physiological problems that could be solved by indoor gardening activity, leading to an increase in the demand for ornamental plants, especially for leafy ornamental plants. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the growth of the ornamental production business in Indonesia in terms of psychological needs and the power of social media. There was an increase in ornamental prices due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Consumer preferences and behaviors were also altered by the pandemic, as indicated by consumers’ new motivations, perceptions, learning, and belief systems regarding ornamental plants. The government has launched several strategies to gain domestic competitiveness and maintain its sustainability in the environment. Digital transformation has been applied by ornamental plant businesses in Indonesia. The digital marketing of ornamental plants relies on social media concepts such as entertainment, customization, interactions, electronic word of mouth (EWOM), and trendiness.