Physiological Health Monitoring Research Articles

Perovskite Nanocrystals Induced Core-Shell Inorganic-Organic Nanofibers for Efficient Energy Harvesting and Self-Powered Monitoring.

The emerging field of wearable electronics requires power sources that are flexible, lightweight, high-capacity, durable, and comfortable for daily use, which enables extensive use in electronic skins, self-powered sensing, and physiological health monitoring. In this work, we developed the core-shell and biocompatible Cs2InCl5(H2O)@PVDF-HFP nanofibers (CIC@HFP NFs) by one-step electrospinning assisted self-assembly method for triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). By adopting lead-free Cs2InCl5(H2O) as an inducer, CIC@HFP NFs exhibited β-phase-enhanced and self-aligned nanocrystals within the uniaxial direction. The interface interaction was further investigated by experimental measurements and molecular dynamics, which revealed that the hydrogen bonds between Cs2InCl5(H2O) and PVDF-HFP induced automatically well-aligned dipoles and stabilized the β-phase in the CIC@HFP NFs. The TENG fabricated using CIC@HFP NFs and nylon-6,6 NFs exhibited significant improvement in output voltage (681 V), output current (53.1 μA) and peak power density (6.94 W m-2), with the highest reported output performance among TENGs based on halide-perovskites. The energy harvesting and self-powered monitoring performance were further substantiated by human motions, showcasing its ability to charge capacitors and effectively operate electronics such as commercial LEDs, stopwatches, and calculators, demonstrating its promising application in biomechanical energy harvesting and self-powered sensing.

Flourishing electronic textiles towards pervasive, personalized and intelligent healthcare

In the face of pandemic infectious diseases and increasing aging trends, traditional public health systems lack the capacity for real-time monitoring, immediate clinical detection, continuous vital sign monitoring, and the implementation of long-cycle treatment protocols, among other deficiencies. On the basis of the rapid development of wearable electronic devices, the Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence, the future healthcare model will transform from a therapeutic, centralized, passive, and even one-size-fits-all treatment to a new paradigm of proactive, preventive, personalized, customized, and intelligent way. The development of wearable electronics has facilitated the evolution of healthcare from healthcare to biological monitoring, enabling continuous monitoring of critical biomarkers for diagnostic treatment, physiological health monitoring, and assessment. Electronic textiles (e-textiles) are among the rapidly developing wearable electronics in recent years. They have revolutionized the functionality of traditional textiles by incorporating smart attributes, enabling unique and multifunctional applications. Significantly, e-textiles have made notable advancements in the field of personalized healthcare. The article introduces several common e-textiles and their applications in personalized medicines, which also gives a forward-looking outlook on their future growth in infectious diseases, real-time health preventive monitoring, auxiliary therapy, and rehabilitation training.

Emerging Additive Manufacturing Methods for Wearable Sensors: Opportunities to Expand Access to Personalized Health Monitoring

AbstractPersistent disparities exist in access to state‐of‐the‐art healthcare disproportionately affecting underserved and vulnerable populations. Advances in wearable sensors enabled by additive manufacturing (AM) offer new opportunities to address such disparities and enhance equitable access advanced diagnostic technologies. Additive manufacturing provides a pathway to rapidly prototype bespoke, multifunctional wearable sensors thereby circumventing existing barriers to innovation for resource‐limited settings imposed by the need for specialized facilities, technical expertise, and capital‐intensive processes. This review examines recent progress in the additive manufacture of wearable platforms for physiological health monitoring. Supported by an initial overview of relevant techniques, representative examples of 3D printed wearable sensors highlight the potential for measuring clinically‐relevant biophysical and biochemical signals of interest. The review concludes with a discussion of the promise and utility of additive manufacturing for wearable sensors, emphasizing opportunities for expanding access to vital healthcare technology and addressing critical health disparities.

State of the Art in Smart Portable, Wearable, Ingestible and Implantable Devices for Health Status Monitoring and Disease Management.

Several illnesses that are chronic and acute are becoming more relevant as the world’s aging population expands, and the medical sector is transforming rapidly, as a consequence of which the need for “point-of-care” (POC), identification/detection, and real time management of health issues that have been required for a long time are increasing. Biomarkers are biological markers that help to detect status of health or disease. Biosensors’ applications are for screening for early detection, chronic disease treatment, health management, and well-being surveillance. Smart devices that allow continual monitoring of vital biomarkers for physiological health monitoring, medical diagnosis, and assessment are becoming increasingly widespread in a variety of applications, ranging from biomedical to healthcare systems of surveillance and monitoring. The term “smart” is used due to the ability of these devices to extract data with intelligence and in real time. Wearable, implantable, ingestible, and portable devices can all be considered smart devices; this is due to their ability of smart interpretation of data, through their smart sensors or biosensors and indicators. Wearable and portable devices have progressed more and more in the shape of various accessories, integrated clothes, and body attachments and inserts. Moreover, implantable and ingestible devices allow for the medical diagnosis and treatment of patients using tiny sensors and biomedical gadgets or devices have become available, thus increasing the quality and efficacy of medical treatments by a significant margin. This article summarizes the state of the art in portable, wearable, ingestible, and implantable devices for health status monitoring and disease management and their possible applications. It also identifies some new technologies that have the potential to contribute to the development of personalized care. Further, these devices are non-invasive in nature, providing information with accuracy and in given time, thus making these devices important for the future use of humanity.

Mechanism of Internet of Things (IoT) Integrated with Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Technology for Healthcare System

Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology has already demonstrated its use. RFID is used in many productions for different applications, for example, apparatus chasing, personal and vehicle access panels, logistics, baggage, and safety items in departmental stores. The main benefits of RFID are optimizing resources, quality customer service, improved accuracy, and efficient business and healthcare procedures. In addition, RFID can help to recognize appropriate information and help advance the probability of objects for certain functions. Nevertheless, RFID components need to be studied for use in healthcare. Antennas, tags, and readers are the main components of RFID. The study of these elements provides an understanding of the usage and integration of these components in healthcare environments. The security of the patient is now a global alarm for public health, particularly among older people who need integrated and technologically integrated physiological health monitoring systems to monitor medical needs and manage them. This paper proposes using Internet of Things (IoT) and RFID tags as an effective healthcare monitoring system. In this method, we utilize RFID dual-band protocols that are useful for identifying individual persons and are used to monitor body information using high frequency. The patient’s physiological data are monitored and collected by sensors to recognize the patient, using an RFID tag. The IoT-based RFID healthcare provides the elderly and people with physiological information. The aim is also to secure patient health records using the signing algorithm based on the hyperelliptic curve (HEC) and to provide the physician with access to health information for patients. Furthermore, the confidentiality of the medical records for patients of variable length is provided. The evaluation reveals the algorithm proposed for optimum health care with different genus curves.

The effects of heat exposure on tropical farm workers in Malaysia: six-month physiological health monitoring

ABSTRACT Farmers in tropical countries have been impacted by slow-onset heat stress. By comparing the nature of farming activities performed by conventional farmworkers and agroecological farmers, this study examined the changes in physiological health in responses to heat exposure through a six-month longitudinal study. Throughout the six-month follow-up period, the heat stress index (HSI), physiological strain indices (PSI), and physiological health parameters (BMI, blood glucose level, blood cholesterol level, uric acid level) were measured and repeated every two-month. Physiological parameters were recorded twice daily, before and during their first lunch break. This study found that slow-onset heat stress affects farmers differently. The health of agroecological farmers is more resistant to slow-onset extreme temperatures. Pre-existing metabolic health effects from pesticide exposure make conventional farmers more susceptible to extreme temperatures, delaying their bodies’ adaptation to rising temperatures.

Healthcare-assisted technologies: recent advances, requirements and energy challenges

Ambient-assisted technologies offer valuable support for persons with special needs, such as older, ill or disabled persons. Relevant support includes assisting in daily life activities, monitoring health conditions, analyzing behavior or affective states and communicating information with caregivers. From a healthcare perspective, these developments are highly valuable and offer new possibilities in the areas of early prediction of diseases and prevention of associated risks. Smart healthcare applications in this context focus on daily activity recognition to provide assistive services for an independent life; on movement tracking and fall detection to prevent accidents and enable interventions; and on physiological health monitoring to assess the vital signals of ill patients and persons at risk. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview on recent activities and advances related to smart healthcare technologies in the context of ambient-assisted living. The paper presents recent studies related to physiological measurements and describes the main requirements and tools needed to realize such systems, including system design, smart sensors, process automation and trust and acceptance aspects. Finally, the paper discusses associated energy challenges and limitations for integrating smart healthcare systems in ambient-assisted environments.

Secure Lightweight IoT Integrated RFID Mobile Healthcare System

Patient safety is a global public health concern nowadays, especially in elderly people who need physiological health monitoring systems integrated with a technology which will help to oversee and manage the medical needs. In this direction, we propose a lightweight effective healthcare monitoring system designed by using the Internet of Things (IoT) and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags. In this technique, we use dual-band RFID protocols which are the one working at a high frequency of 13.56 MHz and useful to figure out the individuals, and 2.45 GHz microwave bands are used to monitor corporal information. Sensors are used to monitor and collect patient physiological data; RFID tag is used to recognize the patient. This IoT-based RFID healthcare monitoring system provides acquisition of physiological information of elderly people and patients in hospital. Further, it is aiming to secure patient’s health recordings using hyper elliptic curve- (HEC-) based signcryption algorithm while allowing the doctor to access patient health information. Privacy is provided to variable length patient medical records using different genus curves, and the evaluation shows that the proposed algorithm is optimal with respect to healthcare.

Evolution of Wearable Devices with Real-Time Disease Monitoring for Personalized Healthcare.

Wearable devices are becoming widespread in a wide range of applications, from healthcare to biomedical monitoring systems, which enable continuous measurement of critical biomarkers for medical diagnostics, physiological health monitoring and evaluation. Especially as the elderly population grows globally, various chronic and acute diseases become increasingly important, and the medical industry is changing dramatically due to the need for point-of-care (POC) diagnosis and real-time monitoring of long-term health conditions. Wearable devices have evolved gradually in the form of accessories, integrated clothing, body attachments and body inserts. Over the past few decades, the tremendous development of electronics, biocompatible materials and nanomaterials has resulted in the development of implantable devices that enable the diagnosis and prognosis through small sensors and biomedical devices, and greatly improve the quality and efficacy of medical services. This article summarizes the wearable devices that have been developed to date, and provides a review of their clinical applications. We will also discuss the technical barriers and challenges in the development of wearable devices, and discuss future prospects on wearable biosensors for prevention, personalized medicine and real-time health monitoring.

Research on Collaborative Physiological Health Monitoring and Sharing Technology in Mobile Application

Natural and convenient physiological health monitoring and the technology of health information sharing has important practical value in preventing the occurrence of disease and enhancing people’s health level, this paper combines physiological health monitoring technology and mobile application technology, studying the mobile application of collaborative physiological health monitoring and sharing technology. Heart rate monitoring as a breakthrough point of health monitoring, this paper studies non-contact heart rate monitoring technology based on visible light and constructs the physiological signs network for group users. Finally, combined with mobile terminals and social networking platforms, the paper achieves natural and convenient physiological health monitoring and community health information sharing for network relationship support.

Emerging flexible and wearable physical sensing platforms for healthcare and biomedical applications.

There are now numerous emerging flexible and wearable sensing technologies that can perform a myriad of physical and physiological measurements. Rapid advances in developing and implementing such sensors in the last several years have demonstrated the growing significance and potential utility of this unique class of sensing platforms. Applications include wearable consumer electronics, soft robotics, medical prosthetics, electronic skin, and health monitoring. In this review, we provide a state-of-the-art overview of the emerging flexible and wearable sensing platforms for healthcare and biomedical applications. We first introduce the selection of flexible and stretchable materials and the fabrication of sensors based on these materials. We then compare the different solid-state and liquid-state physical sensing platforms and examine the mechanical deformation-based working mechanisms of these sensors. We also highlight some of the exciting applications of flexible and wearable physical sensors in emerging healthcare and biomedical applications, in particular for artificial electronic skins, physiological health monitoring and assessment, and therapeutic and drug delivery. Finally, we conclude this review by offering some insight into the challenges and opportunities facing this field.

Microfluidics: an emerging technology for food and health science

Microfluidics is an emerging technology with the potential to streamline workflows and processes in the food and health sciences. Because of extreme miniaturization, less reagent consumption and more efficient sample-to-answer protocols are not only attainable but in many cases demonstrated. In this article, we present some key examples of relevant research at the Micro/Nano Fluidics Fundamentals Focus (MF3) Center that has direct applications in food, environmental, and physiological health monitoring.