Physiognomy Research Articles

Mixed-Methods Analysis of Emotional Quality in Sports Organizations: Facial Expressions of Child Users of Sports Services as Data.

Proper quality management of sports services requires knowledge of the needs, perceptions, expectations, and emotions of users. Facial expressions provide relevant information about the immediate perception of stimuli. The objective of this study was therefore to analyze how a group of child users of sports services expressed their satisfaction with the programs in which they participated through facial expressions during an in-depth interview tailored to their age. Nineteen child users of a sports organization (aged from 5 to 12 years) were interviewed, involving both qualitative and quantitative analyses. The analysis of facial expressions was performed using Face Reader v.6.1.10, which automatically analyzes eight categories of facial expressions (six basic emotions, one neutral, and one unidentified). The data collection and transformation procedures fully satisfied the requirement for flexibility and provide new perspectives for incorporating data into the study of biopsychosocial factors in everyday contexts using a Mixed-Methods approach. In addition, the generalizability analysis itself, carried out to determine the levels of reliability, generalizability and precision of the sample (with relative and absolute G indexes of between 0.86 and 0.93 for the three analyses performed), was also a Mixed-Methods procedure.

바른 투표를 위한 제언 - 『순자(荀子)』 「비상(非相)」을 중심으로 -

『순자(荀子)』 「비상(非相)」은 관상을 비판하는 내용을 담고 있다. 순자는 단지 겉으로 보이는 모습으로 사람을 판단해서는 안 되는 말을 한다. 사람에게 있어 생김새와 됨됨이는 연관성이 없기 때문이다. 그러나 순자의 말과는 달리, 사람들은 알 수 없는 속마음보다는 겉으로 드러난 현상에 집중한다. 순자가 말하는 겉으로 드러나는 형상은 이미지로 확장하여 생각할 수 있다. 그리고 사람들은 그러한 이미지에 의해 다른 사람을 이해하고 판단하는 경우가 많다. 이런 현상은 선거에서 후보자를 이해하고 판단하는 데에도 적용된다. 그렇기에 후보들은 유권자들에게 어떻게든 좋은 이미지를 주기 위해 노력한다. 문제는 내면에서 진정으로 묻어나오는 이미지가 아닌 의도적으로 꾸며진 이미지가 많은 부분을 차지한다는 것이다. 그리고 그것들은 유권자의 바른 이해와 판단을 방해하는 요인으로 작용한다. 순자 사상을 재해석하여 적용해 보면, 유권자는 선거운동 기간만이 아닌 평소 행동거지[택술(擇術)]를 기준으로 후보들을 판단하고, 그들이 모두를 아우르는 마음가짐을 가지고 행동[겸술(兼術)]하는지를 살펴봐야만 보다 바른 투표를 할 수 있다.

Can children's instructional gameplay activity be used as a predictive indicator of reading skills?

For children who may face reading difficulties, early intervention is a societal priority. However, early intervention requires early detection. While much research has approached the issue of identification through measuring component skills at single timepoints, an alternative is the utilisation of dynamic assessment. To this point, few initiatives have explored the potential for identification through progress data from play in digital literacy games. This study explored how well growth curves from progress data in a digital intervention can predict reading performance after gameplay compared to measuring component skills at a single timepoint (school entry). 137 six-year-old students played the digital Graphogame for 25 weeks. Latent growth curve analyses showed that variation in trajectories explained variation in literacy performance to a greater extent than risk status at school entry. Findings point to a potential for non-intrusive reading assessment in the application of a serious digital game in first grade.

Results of neuromarketing study of visual attention and emotions of buyers in retail store environment

Retail trade involves constant changes and trends due to influence of marketing promotions on traders themselves and their customers as well. This is an internal environment of a retail store, which is a part of factors that define customer’s buying decision. In general, more than 80% of buyers make a buying decision on the spot or the last place where buyers normally can change their mind to make a purchase. A customer’s final decision to make a purchase is affected not only by the cost of the item but also the means of marketing promotion and visual aspect of goods. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly collect factual information based on customers’ feedback on effectiveness and efficiency of these marketing promotions in real-store environment. Recent trends of marketing research development demand a wide use of research methods in conducting in-store research based on new technologies besides the traditional ones. Optimal use of new methods of neuromarketing gives more opportunity to develop efficient marketing strategy and to provoke customers’ interest and emotions as well. Techniques to stimulate customer’s interest and emotions can help increase their motivation to make a purchase followed by increase in s store’s sales and profit. In this study we have used a methodology based in neuromarketing technology to identify factors affecting customer’s visual attention and emotions in a grocery store. The study was conducted in real environment of a retail grocery store using a mobile eye camera (Eye tracker), mobile electroencephalograph (EEG), face reading technology (FA) and internal position system. The objective of the study is to identify customers’ reaction, emotions and feedback using selected neuromarketing methods in a store. At the end of the research, we have identified how neuromarketing techniques can be applied in better understanding customer behavior at a point of sale.

USING NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER STRATEGY TO IMPROVE THE READING COMPREHENSION OF THE YEARNINTH STUDENTS OF SMP NEGERI 2 PANGSID SIDRAP REGENCY

English has four skills. one of the them is reading skills. As students, they must face reading in daily life, like in teaching and learning process. In teaching and learning process, the teacher asks the students to read and to do the tasks based on the reading text. For that, the students must have good ability to do the tasks. The fact, some students found difficulties in reading. That’s why, the researcher tried to find a strategy to overcome this problem. One of the strategies that the researcher though can solve this problem is applying the Number Head Together in teaching reading. The purpose of this research is to find out whether the use of Numbered Head Together strategy can improve the students’ reading comprehension. The method used in this research is quasi experimental design. The population of this research is all the students of year ninth of SMP Negeri 2 Pangsid. It consists of six classes and 138 students. The researcher chooses two classes randomly or 46 students as the sample of this research. The result showed that Using Numbered Heads Together Strategy can improve literal comprehension dominantly. The implication of this research refers to all English teachers to use this strategy in teaching reading comprehension. The researcher also suggests to the further researcher to do research on other objectives to support the results of this research.

관상의 성립과 심상(心相)에 관한 연구

신비주의적 상학으로 전해 내려온 동양상학이 오늘날 학문의 영역으로 뜨는 것이 관상학이다. 관상학이란 외형을 통해 그의 성격이나 미래 운명을 알아내는 학문이란 점에서 그리고 미지의 분야를 개척하는 분야라는 점에서 중요하다고 할 수 있다.BR 본 연구에서는 새로운 학술 영역으로 등장한 관상(觀相)을 살펴보고 또한 관상학에서 중요한 심상(心相)을 연구하고자 한다. 관상은 인간의 체형이나 골상 등의 외형을 통해 접근해가는 방식이라면 심상은 인간의 마음작용에 따라 내면을 통해 인지하는 방식을 취한다는 점에서 중요하다고 볼 수 있다.BR 따라서 관상이 갖는 한계가 다름 아닌 외형에 치중하는 인간 파악이라는 점에서 심상의 접근법은 관상이 갖는 스테레오타입의 극복과 더불어 보다 합리적이고 이성적인 방법이라는 점을 염두에 두지 않을 수 없다. 인간은 외형만으로 온전한 파악이 어려우며, 여기에 내면의 마음세계를 접근하는 심상이 관상법의 한계 극복에 도움이 될 것이라는 점에서 본 연구의 가치가 있는 것이다. 연륜을 통한 심상의 접근이 외형의 얼굴인식에 도움이 클 것이라는 단서가 바로 이와 관련된다.

Exclusivity and Privacy: The 'Physiognomy Mystery' Events

Exclusivity and Privacy: The 'Physiognomy Mystery' Events

Magia Meksyku – Pueblos Mágicos w przestrzeni turystycznej kraju

Atrakcyjność turystyczna Meksyku opiera się na jego niezwykłej przyrodzie oraz przeszłości historycznej i bogactwie kulturowym, wyczuwalnym na każdym niemal kroku. Wpływa to na niezwykłą specyfikę terenów wiejskich, które w wielu przypadkach funkcjonują nadal w oparciu o tradycyjny sposób życia. Z kolei w miastach wyraźnie widoczny jest proces przenikania się kultury prehiszpańskiej i hiszpańskiej (kolonialnej). Na to nakłada się dodatkowo w największych miastach proces modernizacji, także w warstwie kulturowej i fizjonomicznej. Pomimo tego na terenie całego kraju znaleźć można nadal miejscowości, które do tej pory zachowały specyfikę i morfologię z czasów ich założenia. Od 2001 roku SECTUR (Secretaría de Turismo, 2019) administruje siedmioma programami regionalnymi, których zadaniem jest aktywizacja społeczności lokalnych (głównie w głębi kraju) poprzez m.in. prowadzenie wspólnej polityki marketingowej dotyczącej turystyki, a także dzięki stworzonym wspólnym planom rozwoju. Jednym z nich – szczególnym pod względem przestrzennym – jest program Pueblos Mágicos. Jako jedyny obejmuje on swoim zasięgiem cały kraj i zakłada współpracę między władzami na różnych szczeblach administracji państwowej oraz agendami rządowymi. Celem artykułu jest prezentacja programu Pueblos Mágicos, a także przedstawienie jego słabych i mocnych stron, wraz z propozycją dalszego jego funkcjonowania.

How to communicate healthy products inside grocery stores

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the importance of nutritional information in the selection of healthy food products and test the effects of different communication stimuli on people with different levels of self-control (NFC used as a proxy). Specifically, the authors posit that easy-to-process and intuitive nutritional information can lead to a substantial change in the shopping behaviour. Furthermore, this work wants to test the effect on behaviours, emotions and judgements of two different communication signs (stars and silhouettes) in the promotion of healthy food products inside grocery stores. Design/methodology/approach After the development of a new nutritional display, the authors identified two different communication stimuli (stars and silhouettes) in order to test their impact on emotions evoked, judgements and behaviours. First, a pre-test was conducted using neuro-marketing tools (Face Reader) to detect the emotions aroused by the communications and then a main online between-subjects experiment involving 222 participants was carried out to understand the impact on choices and attitudes. Data were analysed using SPSS. Findings Results showed that communication plays a key role in helping customers choosing healthier products. Concerning the different communication stimuli, the authors found a significant difference in the emotion evoked by the different signs used. This difference translates into a judgemental change but not necessarily into a behavioural one. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, previous researchers have focused their attention only on the nutritional values communicated at a product level through different product labels, while nobody has tried to implement and test a category/segment level communication strategy.

Are those who believe in physiognomy actually accurate in face-to-trait inference?

Are those who believe in physiognomy actually accurate in face-to-trait inference?

The Use of Eye-Tracker and Face Reader as Useful Consumer Neuroscience Tools Within Logo Creation

Traditional methods of conducting consumer behavior do not provide enough detailed information and therefore the paper aimed to demonstrate the use of consumer neuroscience when examining a selected product policy tool by using biometric methods to identify emotions and subjective consumer preferences. Consumer neuroscience tools provide valuable information to decide on the success of the company in the future, so we consider it as essential to inform entrepreneurs and subjects alike about this modern way of studying consumer behavior. The subject of the research was the original logo of the selected company and the design of three new logo variants that were created using the online graphical tool. Primary data collection was realized under laboratory conditions using the Eye Tracker and Face Reader. Overall, based on the results of our research, we rated the proposal no. 1 as the best one because it kept the views of respondents for the longest time and each respondent looked back at this color combination. The same results were confirmed as well by heat maps. The new logo found for the selected company, however, is recommended for further testing, such as AB testing involving consumer neuroscience tools, to verify the validity of the research undertaken.

Salud bucal en paciente con prótesis total

Recibido: 25 de abril de 2019Aprobado: 26 de mayo de 2019El objetivo de este artículo es realizar una revisión bibliográfica a la luz de la evidencia actual de la salud bucal y el estado de los implantes orales en de pacientes con prótesis dental total. Considerando que el edentulismo es una desventaja que afecta la calidad de vida y la nutrición. La pérdida de dientes conduce a un deterioro funcional a nivel del sistema orofacial, lo que interfiere significativamente con la masticación, la deglución y el habla, así como con disfunción de la articulación temporomandibular, trastornos de la relación intermaxilar y fisionomía facial. La rehabilitación oral ideal de pacientes desdentados puede requerir la instalación de implantes endóseos para soportar una prótesis fija o removible. Se han demostrado buenos resultados clínicos a largo plazo en este grupo de pacientes, particularmente en casos en los que el tratamiento prostodóntico convencional ha fallado o es inaceptable para el paciente. Por otra parte, estudios indican que la terapia de implante oral puede considerarse como el tratamiento de elección en pacientes de edad avanzada, incluso cuando la higiene oral no es óptima.

On Trust and Disgust: Evidence From Face Reading and Virtual Reality

We report three studies exploring the relationship between disgust and trust. Study 1a measured emotions using face-reading technology while participants played a repeated trust game. We observed a negative correlation between trust and disgust. Study 1b employed self-reports along with the face reader. The self-report procedure adversely affected participants’ emotional state and eliminated the correlation between trust and other emotions. Study 2 induced incidental disgust or sadness using virtual reality and manipulated participants’ awareness of the source of their emotions. Disgusted participants judged others as less trustworthy and sent less in a trust game than sad or control participants. An interaction indicated that awareness of the source of emotions eliminated the effect. Our data are consistent with the association between disgust and harsher moral judgments and suggest that disgust is antithetical to the building of trust. However, the association disappears if individuals are aware that their disgust is unrelated to the setting.

Fatigue-related differences in human facial dimensions based on static images

Automatic fatigue recognition based on eye and mouth movements has been widely researched and used to detect human fatigue. However, there were only few studies that quantitatively examining fatigue status based on static images. This study was a pilot study that aimed to examine differences in human facial dimension between fresh and fatigue condition, based on photos. 4 photos from 8 subjects were taken, each photo depicted the subject in fresh condition with a neutral expression, fresh condition with a happy expression, fatigue condition with neutral expression, and fatigue condition with happy expression. Each photo was analyzed using Face Reader 7.1 software to detect the coordinates of the points around the eyes and mouth. 10 dimensions around the eyes were calculated for each situation. In neutral expressions, paired t-test with significance value of 0.05 proved that in 8 dimensions, value in fresh conditions were different from ones in fatigue conditions. But these results were not proven in the picture with happy expressions. Although further research is needed, this finding could be a first step for developing the knowledge to detect fatigue based on facial static images.

Factors Affecting Consumer Food Preferences: Food Taste and Depression-Based Evoked Emotional Expressions with the Use of Face Reading Technology.

In this study, several factors (social status, age, gender, education, knowledge about healthy eating, and attitude to food) affecting consumer food choices (FC), including the relationship between the taste of food, FC, and depression, were analysed by using sensory traits and face reading technology. The first stage of the experimental scheme was the analysis of factors affecting consumer food preferences by using a questionnaire, while the second stage was evaluation of emotional expressions evoked by different food tastes in individuals with and without depressive disorders (DD), using the FaceReader 6 software. We show that gender is a significant factor for most emotional motivations, with a higher effect in females where there was an indication of increased cravings for sweets when feeling depressed. Age was a significant factor in the motivation to eat for positive feelings, while education had a significant influence on perceptions regarding healthy eating. Face reading technology was found to be sufficiently accurate to detect differences in facial expressions induced by different tastes of food, for groups with and without DD. In conclusion, many factors are of high importance in the analysis of food choices, and the results obtained using the FaceReader 6 technique are very promising for food-mood relation analysis. We suggest that mood has a strong link with the choice of food.

Implicit evaluation of the emotional response to premium organic herbal infusions through a temporal dominance approach: Development of the temporal dominance of facial emotions (TDFE)

One of the greatest challenges when designing research on emotions is the conception of an efficient tool for their measurement. The FaceReader™ emerged as an implicit tool capable of analysing facial expression patterns whether in recorded or real-time videos. This software produces large datasets on temporal variation of the intensity of basic emotions.The main goals of this research were: (i) to develop a new data analysis procedure, based on temporal dominance approaches to evaluate temporal data from Face Reader, called the Temporal Dominance of Facial Emotions (TDFE), (ii) to relate the results from TDFE with the EsSense Profile® evaluation, (iii) to evaluate different market samples and to establish its emotional profile.An untrained panel of 50 naïve panellists tasted five samples. For each infusion, the overall liking was evaluated using a 9-point scale (1-dislike extremely to 9-like extremely) followed by the evaluation of the emotional profile, using an adapted version of the EsSense Profile®. The entire test was video- recorded using web cameras placed in front of the panellists and adjusted, to obtain a correct measurement of their facial expressions.Significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) between samples were found for overall liking. The correlation between TDFE and EsSense Profile® was 0.704, above the reference value of 0.680. However, from both methods one can identify a clear emotional profile of the samples under evaluation.Both methodologies appear to be promising regarding the emotional profile characterization. However, the lower direct correlation can be explained by the difference in positive and negative emotions. FaceReader™ identifies more negative than positive emotions, while the EsSense Profile® identified the opposite. Therefore, both approaches should be regarded as complementary.

Scientific and Anatomical Character Reading from the Face Using Deep Learning

This paper presents brief overview of the Character Reading from the Face using Deep Learning techniques. From the earliest ages to the present day character reading from the face, has had a fascination for mankind. As everyone is aware that Face is the Index of the Mind. Character-reading from the face ranks as a science, if based upon anatomical principles and a practical knowledge of the values and properties of brain, bone, nerve, muscle, blood tissue, and hair. In future many businesses use these techniques in promoting their sales and services to their customers/consumers. This technique is also used for education psychologist, family counselors, psychiatrist and doctors to study the psychological behavior based on face reading. It stands apart from palmistry, thought-reading or astrology, and does not presume to predict the future or dive into the past. This paper shows the forest of the Title, in later papers in depth analysis will be discussed. This paper briefly explains different tasks such as Image Captioning, Image Question Answering, Document Summarization and Machine Translation by integrating with science (physiognomy) and computers using deep neural network working architectures built for computer vision like Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN).

Control mecánico del árbol no nativo Ligustrum lucidum (Oleaceae): supervivencia, regeneración y costos

Introducción y objetivos: Existe una creciente demanda de estudios que evalúen el costo-beneficio de la aplicación de técnicas de control de especies no nativas. Evaluamos la eficiencia de la aplicación de dos tratamientos de control mecánico sobre la especie no nativa Ligustrum lucidum, a través de la regeneración por rebrote y por semilla, integrando costos y esfuerzo.M&M: Asignamos 120 árboles a tres grupos de tratamientos: 1) testigo, sin tala ni aplicación de polietileno; 2) tala, y 3) tala con aplicación de polietileno sobre el tocón. Seleccionamos 60 árboles en fisonomía de bosque y 60 en fisonomía de matorral. Removimos manualmente todos los plantines menores a 50 cm alrededor de cada árbol tratado.Resultados: Transcurridos 12 meses y dos aplicaciones de tratamientos, la supervivencia de los testigos, tala y tala con polietileno fue 100%, 95% y 68%, respectivamente. La altura de los rebrotes en el tratamiento de tala y en el de tala con polietileno fue 78% y 95% menor respectivamente, comparado con los individuos testigos. La fisonomía del sitio solo influyó sobre la densidad de plantines, siendo 300% mayor en bosque que en matorrales. El costo del tratamiento tala con polietileno fue 150% mayor al costo del tratamiento tala, pero fue compensado por la mayor eficacia para reducir la supervivencia y la altura de rebrotes.Conclusiones: Debido a la mayor eficiencia, recomendamos la aplicación del tratamiento de tala con polietileno. Sugerimos remover manualmente los plantines en matorrales o sitos con baja cobertura de adultos de L. lucidum.

Relevance between the facial morphology and nasal index: analysis of 210 young Han women in Henan

Objective To investigate the relationship between the facial morphology and the nasal shape for young women of Han nationality in Henan. Methods Aiming at the female conscripts in Henan province in 2016, 210 healthy young females were enrolled in this study, and their anthropometric features were measured including height, weight, total head height, physiognomic facial height, morphological facial height, upper lip height, lip height, facial width, mandibular width, mouth breadth, nasal height, nasal length, nasal depth, and width of nose. The nasal indexes were divided into 5 groups according to different facial types. And their mean and standard deviation were calculated. The differences were analyzed by SPSS version 21.0. Results Among the indexes measured, there were significant differences in height, face height, shape face height, upper lip height, face width, mandibular width, head height/face width, face height/face width, shape face height/face width and nose index; P values were significant. The classification of facial types was based on the ratio of morphological surface index to area width, and the main types of the groups were mid-facial and narrow-facial types. The differences among different facial types were statistically significant (F=12.75, P<0.05). The scatter plot showed that there was a linear correlation between nasal index and facial shape. Linear regression analysis showed that the linear equation Y=135.84-75.5X (X is the ratio of morphological index to facial width, Y is the nasal index). Conclusions Nasal type is related to the face type. The linear fitting equation between morphological facial height/facial width and nasal index is Y=135.84-75.5x. These findings may enrich the external nasal database, provide reference for the correction of nasal deformity and nasal reconstruction, and direct the clinical therapy. Key words: Face; Nose; Body measurement; Han nationality; Women; Henan

The Origin of Physiognomy and ＜Phrenology(骨相)＞ of Wang Chong

The Origin of Physiognomy and ＜Phrenology(骨相)＞ of Wang Chong