Physics In Italy Research Articles

Combining Log Files and Monitoring Data to Detect Anomaly Patterns in a Data Center

Context—Anomaly detection in a data center is a challenging task, having to consider different services on various resources. Current literature shows the application of artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques to either log files or monitoring data: the former created by services at run time, while the latter produced by specific sensors directly on the physical or virtual machine. Objectives—We propose a model that exploits information both in log files and monitoring data to identify patterns and detect anomalies over time both at the service level and at the machine level. Methods—The key idea is to construct a specific dictionary for each log file which helps to extract anomalous n-grams in the feature matrix. Several techniques of Natural Language Processing, such as wordclouds and Topic modeling, have been used to enrich such dictionary. A clustering algorithm was then applied to the feature matrix to identify and group the various types of anomalies. On the other side, time series anomaly detection technique has been applied to sensors data in order to combine problems found in the log files with problems stored in the monitoring data. Several services (i.e., log files) running on the same machine have been grouped together with the monitoring metrics. Results—We have tested our approach on a real data center equipped with log files and monitoring data that can characterize the behaviour of physical and virtual resources in production. The data have been provided by the National Institute for Nuclear Physics in Italy. We have observed a correspondence between anomalies in log files and monitoring data, e.g., a decrease in memory usage or an increase in machine load. The results are extremely promising. Conclusions—Important outcomes have emerged thanks to the integration between these two types of data. Our model requires to integrate site administrators’ expertise in order to consider all critical scenarios in the data center and understand results properly.

40 years of history of physics in Italy

40 years of history of physics in Italy

TNPI2016 - XV Conference on Theoretical Nuclear Physics in Italy

PrefaceThe present volume of the Journal of Physics: Conference Series contains the invited and contributed papers presented at the XV Conference on Theoretical Nuclear Physics in Italy (TNPI2016) held during April 20th – 22nd 2016 at the Physics Department “Enrico Fermi” of the University of Pisa (Italy).The aim of this conference is to bring together Italian theorists working in various fields of nuclear physics and related research areas to discuss their latest results and compare their points of view in a lively and informal way. This offers the opportunity to promote collaborations between different groups. There were about 40 participants at the conference, coming from various Italian Universities, from various “Sezioni” of the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) and from some non-Italian Institutions.List of Main Topics, Organizing Committees are available in this PDF

TNPI2016 - XV Conference on Theoretical Nuclear Physics in Italy

List of Main Topics, Organizing Committees are available in this PDF

The Palermo Merz Equatorial Telescope. An Instrument, a Manuscript, Some Drawings.

A manuscript by Georg and Sigmund Merz dated 1862 and containing instructions for assembling the equatorial telescope acquired by the Palermo Observatory is conserved in the archives of the Museo Astronomico e Copernicano in Rome. It is a rare document that reveals "tricks of the trade" and technical knowledge not usually included in textbooks or treatises. It was sent to the Palermo Observatory as an aid to the installation of the telescope, which made a signal contribution to the development of solar physics in Italy in the 19th century. Based on the study of unpublished sources (consisting of texts and drawings), the history of the instrument has been retraced. This paper presents a detailed description of the Merz manuscript (including a complete transcript) and some technical drawings recently discovered in the archives of the Palermo Observatory.

The social processes of production and validation of knowledge in particle physics: Preliminary theoretical and methodological observations

This paper explores the complementarities and differences between Bourdieu's Field Theory and Social Network Analysis from both a theoretical and methodological perspective. The argument is applied to a case study about the social production and validation of knowledge in particle physics in Italy. The methodological choices that have lead the research project are presented and justified, and provide a good example about the strengths and the weaknesses of the two theoretical perspectives combined. While the Field Theory approach allows mapping the combination and distribution of symbolic capital within a social structure of objective relationships, SNA is useful to analyze the concrete set of interactions within physicists, in which the dynamics of power, alliances, conflicts and exchange take place. Data have been collected using a mixed method strategy, which entails desk research, on line questionnaires and qualitative interviews. Some potential strategies for analyzing the data are presented in the discussion section.

The ‘Società degli Spettroscopisti Italiani’: birth and evolution

Summary The anniversary of the death of Pietro Tacchini (1838–1905), one of the pioneers of solar physics in Italy, is commemorared by this account of his major creation, the Società degli Spettroscopisti Italiani (1871). Established to promote cooperation among solar spectroscopists engaged in the study of the solar chromosphere, it was the first scientific Society devoted to spectroscopy and its astronomical applications. Its journal, the Memorie, collected most of the important works on solar physics by Angelo Secchi SJ (1818–1878), Tacchini himself, and many other protagonists of the newly born astrophysics. A brief history of the Society and its development draws on many previously unexploited archival sources, in order to show its role in raising astrophysics to the status of a scientific discipline, in the context of the astronomical research of that time in Italy and abroad, especially in the USA.

Q & A

Tomaso Poggio is Eugene McDermott Professor in the Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences at MIT, where he is also member of the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Lab and of the new McGovern Institute for Brain Research. He received his doctorate in physics in Italy, then worked for ten years in the Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics in Tübingen, Germany, before moving to MIT where he has been for the last 23 years. His papers span mathematics, computer science and neuroscience. His main contributions are in computer and biological vision (in both flies and humans), computational neuroscience, system theory and computer graphics. He currently leads a group of researchers investigating the problem of learning in terms of the underlying mathematics, its engineering applications and its role for understanding object recognition in visual cortex.

The Way We Were: Bubble Chamber Pictures, Pion-Nucleon Interactions and Polology

The late Fifties were going to be eventful for physics in Italy. CERN had officially started its activities in the fall of 1954; however, the single European countries, Italy in the first place, were not in the condition to compete at the highest international level. A peculiar form of international distribution of the forms of research activities was then going to characterize those years, in particular as far as relationships between Italy and the United States were concerned. Italian physicists who had become known in the United States and were in close relationship with their colleagues active on the opposite shore of the Atlantic obtained that the analysis of data collected in American labs.---in particular bubble chamber data---could be partially carried out in Italy. I try here to give a feeling of the kind of theoretical activity that involved Franco Selleri, among others, in that context.

Cosmic-ray physics in Italy: An historical overview of the early times

Cosmic-ray physics in Italy: An historical overview of the early times

The laboratori nazionali di legnaro

Abstract The Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL) of the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) is located in Legnaro, at about 8 km from the center of Padova; it occupies an area of cz 100000 m2 belonging to the University of Padova. The LNL was established as a “Center for Nuclear Research” by the Galileo Galilei Physics Institute of the Uni versity at the beginning of the 1960s The history of nuclear physics in Italy for the past 30 years is strongly re lated to the research activities at LNL The development of the nuclear struc ture studies during the 1960s and 1970s was, in fact, based on the main facilities of LNL, especially the 5.5 MV CN Van de Graaff accelerator (subsequently upgraded to 7 MV), mainly used for extensive investiga tions of the 1f7/2 shell nuclei and of isobaric analogue resonances in the same nuclear region. In the 1980s, the advent of the XTU 16 MV Tandem accelerator opened the era of heavy ion physics in Italy, providing the Italian nuclear physics community with wide res...

Electrostatic accelerators in the development of nuclear physics in Italy

A review is presented of the electrostatic and heavy-ion facilities in Italy, starting from 1968. The main research activities performed in nuclear spe

Fausto Fumi and the emergence of solid-state physics in Italy

This paper surveys the early history of solid-state physics, particularly the period 1949–58, and the seminal role of Fausto Fumi in establishing the first school of modern solid-state physics in Italy.

Funding and the physics of matter

One characteristic of physics in Italy is the very strong coordination between university groups all over the country; joint programmes are invariably discussed by all the groups in a particular discipline before they are presented to the appropriate funding bodies. This tradition has two roots – the “Fermi school” and centralised appointment of university staff – and led, in 1951, to the formation of the National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN), widely regarded as Italy's most efficient funding body. The INFN is funded autonomously by the government and is responsible for all Italian research in nuclear and particle physics in the universities, national and international laboratories (see “INFN: an Italian role-model” on page 40). Subsequently other physics disciplines, such as the physics of matter, have sought to set up similar structures.

Heavy-ion physics in Italy

Heavy-ion physics in Italy

Giorgio Careri: The early years and the birth of low temperature physics in Italy

Giorgio Careri: The early years and the birth of low temperature physics in Italy

The Fermi school in Rome

The rebirth of physics in Italy in the period 1920-38 is dominated by the scientific personality of Enrico Fermi. The author describes the environment in which he operated and the contribution of other important actors on the scientific, administrative and political stage, such as Professor O.M. Corbino. From the technical point of view the author describes how Fermi proceeded in forming a school that managed to survive the catastrophic consequences of fascism and war.

Physics in Italy between 1900 and 1940: The Universities, Physicists, Funds, and Research

Research Article| January 01 1988 Physics in Italy between 1900 and 1940: The Universities, Physicists, Funds, and Research Silvana Galdabini, Silvana Galdabini Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Giuseppe Giuliani Giuseppe Giuliani Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences (1988) 19 (1): 115–136. https://doi.org/10.2307/27757618 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Silvana Galdabini, Giuseppe Giuliani; Physics in Italy between 1900 and 1940: The Universities, Physicists, Funds, and Research. Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences 1 January 1988; 19 (1): 115–136. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/27757618 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentHistorical Studies in the Natural Sciences Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1988 The Regents of the University of California Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Physics research organization, Italian style

Most physics research in Italy is organized and conducted through six national research groups. This way of organizing research through national groups has proved very successful and may in part explain how it is that Italian physicists have been able to remain competitive with their international colleagues despite their much lower levels of funding. (For example, in 1981 the total government funding for non‐nuclear physics in Italy was about $16 million and $75 million for nuclear physics, of which about $33 million was for CERN.) Our experience has been that the structure provided by the national groups enables the highest productivity possible under difficult financial constraints. The structure has also proved to be valuable in starting and carrying out scientific and technical programs requiring high levels of exchange between many different locations and across geographical, institutional and disciplinary barriers. I suggest that a similar approach could be used to advantage by developing countries and for specific fields in Europe or elsewhere, to counteract the difficult periods connected with funding and student enrollment expected in the near future. It might also be applied on an international basis for specific purposes and programs.

Italy

To understand the present status of physics in Italy, we must look back to the years when Italian physics became remarkably important through the work of such men as Fermi and Rossi.