Physical Sources Research Articles

Implementasi Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Fisika Berbasis Aplikasi Android Dengan MIT App Inventor

This research aims to create or design an interactive physics learning media application using MIT App Inventor on GLB and GLBB topics. This research applies the MDLC (Multimedia Development Life Circle) method by Luther-Sutopo in the application creation process. The following stages in MDLC are concept, design, material collecting, assembly, testing, and distribution. The Android application created was tested using two stages in MDLC, namely the alpha validator and beta validator, where the alpha validator consisted of material experts and media experts. In contrast, the beta validator comprised 14 students majoring in first-semester physics education. The analytical approach used is a qualitative method and a quantitative method to assess how appropriate the learning media created is. The research shows the results, namely a) Creation of interactive physics learning media based on Android applications using MIT App Inventor on GLB and GLBB topics, b) The level of feasibility of interactive physics learning applications based on Android applications based on media experts, namely 91% or very feasible, and based on material experts. Namely 90.6% or very feasible, and c) Based on the implementation and results of trials with students, the level of feasibility of the Android-based physics interactive learning application is 84.46% or worthy of being an alternative reference source for physics learning on GLB and GLBB topics.

Generative Modeling of Semiconductor Devices for Statistical Circuit Simulation

Statistical simulation is a necessary step in integrated circuit design since it provides a realistic picture of the circuit’s behavior in the presence of manufacturing process variations. When some of the circuit components lack an accurate analytical model, as is often the case for emerging semiconductor devices or ones working at cryogenic temperatures, an approximation model is necessary. Such models are usually based on a lookup table or artificial neural network individually fitted to measurement data. If the number of devices available for measurement is limited, so is the number of approximation model instances, which renders impossible a reliable statistical circuit simulation. Approximation models using the device’s physical parameters as inputs have been reported in the literature but are only useful if the end user knows the statistical distributions of those parameters, which is not always the case. The solution proposed in this work uses a type of artificial neural network called the variational autoencoder that, when exposed to a small sample of I-V curves under process variations, captures their essential features and subsequently generates an arbitrary number of similarly disturbed curves. No knowledge of the underlying physical sources of these variations is required. The proposed generative model trained on as few as 20 instances of a MOSFET is shown to precisely reproduce the period and power consumption distributions of a ring oscillator built with these MOSFETs.

Practical experience with initial quality assurance of a high dose rate brachytherapy grid-based Boltzmann solver algorithm.

The purpose of this study was to validate the use of a model-based dose calculation algorithm (MBDCA), Acuros BV, for high dose rate brachytherapy treatment planning for a community-based hospital with a Bravos afterloader. Based on published AAPM recommendations, this work details a practical approach for community-based clinics to complete initial validation of Acuros BV, in order to add a MBDCA to a TG-43 based brachytherapy treatment planning program. Source dimensions and materials used in Acuros BV and TG-43 source models were compared to the physical source. TG-186 testing was completed with standardized test cases externally calculated with Monte Carlo compared to locally calculated with Acuros BV. Point doses calculated using TG-43 were compared to those calculated with Acuros BV in water at various dose grid settings. Secondary dose check software was used to evaluate dose distributions resembling clinical patient plans, both in water and on CT datasets representative of patient anatomy. The major source of discrepancy of source models was the length of modeled steel cable. TG-186 testing showed that the largest differences between Monte Carlo and Acuros BV dose distributions were located along the source axis for cases calculated in water, as well as located in regions of high dose gradients and within the applicator for the case calculated with a generic shielded applicator. An audit of point doses calculated with both TG-43 and Acuros BV in water found that dose grid settings significantly affected agreement. Secondary dose check software indicated that Acuros BV functioned satisfactorily, and a 5% threshold was adopted for secondary dose checks on gynecologic plans. This validation process indicated that Acuros BV met expected standards and affirmed its suitability for integration into this clinical practice's brachytherapy treatment planning.

Effects of measured and simulated diffraction from a plate on sound source localization.

In daily life, natural or man-made structures influence sound propagation, causing reflections and diffraction with potential effects on auditory spatial perception. While the effect of isolated reflections on binaural localization has been investigated, consequences of edge diffraction on spatial perception have received less attention. Here, effects of edge diffraction on the horizontal localization of a sound source were assessed when a flat square plate occludes the direct sound or produces a reflection in an otherwise anechoic environment. Binaural recordings were obtained with an artificial head for discrete sound source positions along two horizontal trajectories in the vicinity of the plate, including conditions near the incident and reflection shadow boundary. In a listening test, the apparent source position was matched for conditions with and without the plate, resulting in azimuth offsets between the apparent and physical source of up to 12°. The perceived direction of occluded frontal sound sources was laterally shifted to the visible region near the edge of the plate. Geometrical-acoustics-based simulations with different methods to binaurally render diffracted sound paths were technically and perceptually compared to the measurements. The observed localization offset was reproduced with the acoustic simulations when diffraction was rendered considering the individual ear positions.

PENGEMBANGAN E-BOOK INTERAKTIF UNTUK PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA SMP

This article is based on the development and design research. The research objective is (1) to develop interactive e-book physics that has pictures, video, animation, simulation, and voice as a source of learning physics (2) to develop interactive e-book of physics that can increase students' interest in learning physics. Model development used ADDIE model is proposed by Lee and Owens. Procedure development include: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The results of individual trials and a small group of students at SMP Sari Putra Kota Jambi. Testing large group obtained an average value of 3.23 with the corresponding criteria/ right/ good/ easy. Based on the results of individual trials, small and large groups obtained in this study concluded that the interactive e-book for junior high school physics lessons appropriate for use as a source of learning physics junior level. Keyword: interactive e-book, learning physics

Assessment of physicochemical, minerals and microbiological qualities of borehole and well water: A case study of Akure Metropolis, Nigeria

Groundwater constitutes a substantial reservoir of fresh water utilized for agricultural irrigation and drinking, emphasizing the critical importance of safeguarding its availability and quality. Contamination of groundwater can arise from chemical, physical, or microbiological sources, each contributing to various health-related issues. In the region of FUTA Southgate, Southwest Nigeria, an assessment was conducted on the physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of groundwater from hand-dug wells and boreholes to ascertain its suitability for human consumption. The analysis indicated that parameters such as BOD, DO TS, TH, and nitrate content were within the acceptable limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDQ). However, the presence of heavy metals like Fe, Cu, Cr, Pb, Mn, Cd, and Zn was detected using an atomic absorption spectrometer, revealing a slight level of contamination in both water sources. Furthermore, microbiological examination identified Total Coliform Counts of 382 cfu and 159 cfu in hand-dug wells and boreholes, respectively, indicating fecal contamination. The findings suggest that inadequate sewage systems and improper waste disposal practices contribute to the compromised water quality and elevated nitrate levels in hand-dug wells, rendering the shallow aquifer groundwater unsafe for drinking purposes across all evaluated parameters. Consequently, appropriate treatment and disinfection measures are imperative before utilizing the contaminated borehole and groundwater wells for human consumption or industrial purposes.

Ruminal degradation of maize starch is affected by sowing date

Context Delaying sowing date of maize allows producers to achieve stabilised yield. Delays in the sowing date generate changes in the grain structure, which may affect the ruminal degradability of the maize starch. Aims The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of maize sowing date on ruminal starch degradability, and how it is related with grain physical characteristics and source:sink ratio during the grain-filling period. Methods To study the effects of maize sowing date on grain physical characteristics and on starch in situ effective degradability (ED; 6%/h passage rate from the rumen), eight treatments were defined on the basis of eight different sowing dates in Argentina of a commercial semi-dentate maize hybrid (Dekalb 7210 VT3P), as follows: Treatment 1 (13 October), Treatments 2, 3, and 4 (4, 17 and 26 November respectively), Treatments 5, 6 and 7 (3, 15 and 28 December, respectively) and Treatment 8 (5 January). For each sowing date, three plots of maize were sown in a complete randomised-block design and harvested at grain physiological maturity. Key results Starch ED of ground (2.0-mm) grains ranged from 631 to 801 g/kg and showed a ‘J’-shape response, being lower for the sowing dates from 17 November to 3 December and highest on the sowing date of 5 January. Grain density increased until the sowing date of 17 November, and then decreased. Grain vitreousness and hardness were initially not affected, but started to decline after the sowing date of 17 November. Grain test weight was not affected until the sowing date of 15 December, when it started to decline. The source:sink ratio during the grain-filling period decreased as the sowing date was delayed. Effective starch degradability was negatively correlated with the physical characteristics evaluated and the source:sink ratio. Conclusions Delaying sowing date affected the maize source:sink ratio during the grain-filling period; this was associated with changes in grain physical characteristics and with an increase in ruminal starch degradability. Implications Delaying sowing date increases dry matter (DM) and starch effective degradability, and therefore could affect cattle weight gain and feed conversion efficiency.

MODEL OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOR WHEN APPLYING AI AT EVERY POINT OF CONSUMER CONTACT

The article outlines the basic aspects needed to study the consumer behavior. The first of them is related to existing sources of information on consumer behavior that use modern technologies. For this purpose, both online and physical sources of information using AI are presented. The second aspect is about the factors that influence consumer behavior. The third question is related to the role of AI technology for consumer experience in the purchase process. These three aspects are set as the framework needed to build the presented model of consumer behavior when applying AI at every point of consumer contact.

Origin of discrete donor–acceptor pair transitions in 2D Ruddlesden–Popper perovskites

Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals nanomaterials have attracted considerable attention for potential use in photonic and light–matter applications at the nanoscale. Thanks to their excitonic properties, 2D perovskites are also promising active materials to be included in devices working at room temperature. In this work, we study the presence of very narrow and spatially localized optical transitions in 2D lead halide perovskites by μ-photoluminescence and time-decay measurements. These discrete optical transitions are characterized by sub-millielectronvolt linewidths (≃120μeV) and long decay times (5–8 ns). X-ray photoemission and density-functional theory calculations have been employed to investigate the chemical origin of electronic states responsible of these transitions. The association of phenethylammonium with methylammonium cations into 2D Ruddlesden–Popper perovskites, (PEA)2(MA)n−1PbnI3n+1, particularly in phases with n≥2, has been identified as a mechanism of donor–acceptor pair (DAP) formation, corresponding to the displacement of lead atoms and their replacement by methylammonium. Ionized DAP recombination is identified as the most likely physical source of the observed discrete optical emission lines. The analysis of the experimental data with a simple model, which evaluates the Coulombic interaction between ionized acceptors and donors, returns a donor in Bohr radius of the order of ≃10 nm. The analysis of the spectral and electronic characteristics of these single donor–acceptor states in 2D perovskites is of particular importance both from the point of view of fundamental research, as well as to be able to link the emission of these states with new optoelectronic applications that require long-range optically controllable interactions.

GRB221009A gamma-ray events from nonstandard neutrino self-interactions

The flux of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos observed by the present generation of neutrino detectors has already indicated a few hints of new physics beyond the Standard Model. In this work, we show that high-energy gamma-ray observations can also be considered as a complementary probe for unveiling the source of high-energy astrophysical neutrino events and new physics. Recently, the LHAASO collaboration has reported O(5000) gamma-ray events in the energy range between 0.5–18 TeV from gamma-ray burst GRB 221009A within 2000 seconds after the initial outburst. We showed that some of the high-energy gamma rays can be produced from the interaction of astrophysical neutrinos with CMB neutrinos through nonstandard self-interaction of neutrinos mediated by light scalar bosons. The nonstandard interaction of neutrinos recently took a lot of attention in cosmology for its role in reducing Hubble tension. We have constrained the parameter space of nonstandard self-interacting neutrinos from the flux of photons observed by LHAASO and showed consistency of the same with the resulting parameter space from Hubble tension requirements and other recent constraints from laboratory/cosmology. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Gravity: Where Quantum Physics and Classical Physics finally merge

In this 3rd paper of a triptych on quantum theory regarding gravity, quantum, and classical physics are merged seamlessly-however with conclusions deviating from classical physics regarding singularities, space-curvature, and graviton. Mathematically, singularities (Schwarzschild, Droste) vanish by proper definition of the gravity source and field descriptions acquiring full validity at the Planck scale. Space(-time) curvature is shown to be geodesic-trajectory curvature by (energy) objects in the field of (a) gravity source(s). The gravity field is found to be a scalar field in which the trajectories are defined only by the principle of least action (LaGrange, Feynman) by compensation of accelerations due to different physical causal sources of acceleration. The graviton is argued to be a massive Higgs-type scalar boson with ubiquitous presence since the creation of quantum and clustered mass in the universe: the influence of a settled gravity field on mass (in) entering this field, therefore, is instantaneous, i.e., unlike a vector boson description. Gravity waves, occurring in mergers/transitions of mass, are defined by changes in time of the gravity field (at max. c m/s) in space and only become observable when substantial mass/energy is involved due to the weakness and spatial decay of gravity fields. All mathematics (e.g. integral transformations, vector space, etc) and related operators in the paper are part of the Abelian group for validity at the Planck scale. Results thus constitute the description of gravity on all scales.‎‎

A Hierarchical Method for Locating the Interferometric Fringes of Celestial Sources in the Visibility Data

In source detection in the Tianlai project, locating the interferometric fringe in visibility data accurately will influence downstream tasks drastically, such as physical parameter estimation and weak source exploration. Considering that traditional locating methods are time-consuming and supervised methods require a great quantity of expensive labeled data, in this paper, we first investigate characteristics of interferometric fringes in the simulation and real scenario separately, and integrate an almost parameter-free unsupervised clustering method and seeding filling or eraser algorithm to propose a hierarchical plug and play method to improve location accuracy. Then, we apply our method to locate single and multiple sources’ interferometric fringes in simulation data. Next, we apply our method to real data taken from the Tianlai radio telescope array. Finally, we compare with unsupervised methods that are state of the art. These results show that our method has robustness in different scenarios and can improve location measurement accuracy effectively.

Rotor aeroacoustic response to an axisymmetric turbulent boundary layer

The acoustic response of a five-bladed rotor to an axisymmetric turbulent boundary layer at the tail end of a body of revolution (BOR) is investigated numerically to elucidate the physical sources of acoustics, particularly the role of coherent structures in sound generation. The BOR is at a length-based Reynolds number of $1.9 \times 10^6$ and free-stream Mach number of 0.059. Two rotor advance ratios, $1.44$ and $1.13$ , are considered. The turbulent boundary layer on the nose and midsection of the BOR is computed using wall-modelled large-eddy simulation, whereas that in the acoustically important tail-cone section is wall-resolved. The radiated acoustic field is calculated using the Ffowcs Williams–Hawkings equation. The computed flow statistics and sound pressure spectra agree well with the experimental measurements at Virginia Tech. In addition to broadband turbulence-ingestion noise, spectral humps near multiples of the blade-passing frequency and accompanying valleys are captured. They are shown to be caused by correlated blade unsteady-loading dipole sources and their constructive and destructive interference as a result of successive blades cutting through the same coherent structures. The latter undergo rapid growth in the decelerating tail-cone boundary layer before their interaction with the rotor. The acoustic radiation is dominated by the outer region of the blade owing to a combination of larger blade chord-length, inflow turbulence intensity and blade speed. The numerical results also correctly predict the effect of the rotor advance ratio on the acoustic field. A mixed free-stream/convection Mach-number scaling successfully collapses the sound pressure spectra at the two advance ratios.

Charge carrier trapping management in Bi3+ and lanthanides doped Li(Sc,Lu)GeO4 for x-ray imaging, anti-counterfeiting, and force recording

Discovering energy storage materials with rationally controlled trapping and de-trapping of electrons and holes upon x-rays, UV-light, or mechanical force stimulation is challenging. Such materials enable promising applications in various fields, for instance in multimode anti-counterfeiting, x-ray imaging, and non-real-time force recording. In this work, photoluminescence spectroscopy, the refined chemical shift model, and thermoluminescence studies will be combined to establish the vacuum referred binding energy (VRBE) diagrams for the LiSc1−xLuxGeO4 family of compounds containing the energy level locations of Bi2+, Bi3+, and the lanthanides. The established VRBE diagrams are used to rationally develop Bi3+ and lanthanides doped LiSc1−xLuxGeO4 storage phosphors and to understand trapping and de-trapping processes of charge carriers with various physical excitation means. The thermoluminescence intensity of x-ray irradiated LiSc0.25Lu0.75GeO4:0.001Bi3+,0.001Eu3+ is about two times higher than that of the state-of-the-art x-ray storage phosphor BaFBr(I):Eu2+. Particularly, a force induced charge carrier storage phenomenon appears in Eu3+ co-doped LiSc1−xLuxGeO4. Proof-of-concept non-real-time force recording, anti-counterfeiting, and x-ray imaging applications will be demonstrated. This work not only deepens our understanding of the capturing and de-trapping processes of electrons and holes with various physical excitation sources, but can also trigger scientists to rationally discover new storage phosphors by exploiting the VRBEs of bismuth and lanthanide levels.

Classification of Lifshitz invariant in multiband superconductors: An application to Leggett modes in the linear response regime in Kagome lattice models

Multiband superconductors are sources of rich physics arising from multiple order parameters, which show unique collective dynamics including Leggett mode as relative phase oscillations. Previously, it has been pointed out that the Leggett mode can be optically excited in the linear response regime, as demonstrated in a one-dimensional model for multiband superconductors [T. Kamatani , ]. Here we identify the linear coupling term in the Ginzburg-Landau free energy to be the so-called Lifshitz invariant, which takes the form of d·(Ψi*∇Ψj−Ψj*∇Ψi), where d is a constant vector and Ψi and Ψj(i≠j) represent superconducting order parameters. We classify all pairs of irreducible representations of order parameters in the crystallographic point groups that allow for the existence of the Lifshitz invariant. We emphasize that the Lifshitz invariant can appear even in systems with inversion symmetry. The results are applied to a model of s-wave superconductors on a Kagome lattice with various bond orders, for which in some cases we confirm that the Leggett mode appears as a resonance peak in a linear optical conductivity spectrum based on microscopic calculations. We discuss a possible experimental observation of the Leggett mode by a linear optical response in multiband superconductors. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Probing new physics with charge asymmetries in 2 same-sign leptons plus jets final states at the LHC

We study the impact of new physics models in the charge asymmetry defined for LHC final states consisting of two same-sign leptons (2SSl, with l = e, μ) plus jets (Njets ≥ 2), with a center-of-mass energy of s\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$ \\sqrt{s} $$\\end{document} = 13 TeV, where the main SM contribution is tt¯W\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$ t\\overline{t}W $$\\end{document} production. Concretely, we consider three different new physics sources for the charge asymmetries: a heavy neutral scalar/pseudoscalar arising from the general two Higgs doublet model, an effective theory with dimension-6 four-quark operators, and a simplified R-parity-violating supersymmetric model with electroweakino production (higgsino-like or wino-like). We propose measuring the charge asymmetries differentially with respect to several kinematic observables, and inclusively/exclusively with the number of b-tagged jets in the final state (Nb ≥ {1, 2, 3}). Results are compared with the SM prediction using the χ2 criteria, expressing sensitivity in terms of the normal Gaussian significance. We show that some of the proposed new physics scenarios can be probed at the LHC even for the already recorded integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1. Finally, we also estimate the prospects for the potential LHC sensitivity to the considered new physics models in its high-luminosity phase.

Defect structure-electronic property correlations in transition metal dichalcogenide grain boundaries.

Grain boundaries (Gb) in transition metal dichalcogenides are a rich source of interesting physics as well as a cause of concern because of its impact on electron transport across them in large area electronic device applications. Here, using first principles calculations, we show that beyond the conventional definition of grain boundaries based on misorientation, the defect structure present at the grain boundaries plays a significant role in defining the local electronic properties. We observed that even the standard 5-7 defect ring has differing electronic characteristics depending on its internal configuration. While the 5-7 ring presents shallow defect states, and induce long range strain fields with the local bandgap increasing up to 32.7%, the other commonly observed 4-8 defect rings introduce only mid-gap states, induce smaller strain fields with no observable bandgap change. The results show the seminal character of the individual defect structures at grain boundaries, and that their relative density can be used to determine the overall physico-chemical properties of the grain boundary.

Categorization of Typical and Atypical Combinations of Excitations and Resonators of Musical Instruments: Assimilation of the Unusual to the Familiar

Sound categorization is automatic, yet very little is known about how this process works. Physical sound sources such as musical instruments generate sounds that carry timbral information about two mechanical components: The excitation sets into vibration the resonator, which acts as a filter to amplify, suppress, and radiate sound components. Given that excitation–resonator interactions are quite limited in the physical world, Modalys, a digital, physically inspired modeling platform, was utilized to simulate the combinations of three excitations (bowing, blowing, striking) and three resonators (string, air column, plate). This formed nine types of interactions, which are either typical (e.g., struck string) or atypical (e.g., blown plate). In two separate categorization tasks, participants chose either the excitation or resonator they thought produced each interaction. For the typical interactions, participants accurately categorized their excitations and resonators. Atypical interactions were assimilated to typical ones and listeners identified either the correct excitation or the correct resonator but not both. Hierarchical clustering revealed that interactions were perceived differently depending on the categorization task. These findings suggest that unfamiliar sound sources are interpreted as conforming to familiar sound sources for which mental models exist. These studies consequently exemplify the role of timbre in sound source recognition.

A Tbit/s parallel real-time physical random number scheme based on chaos optical frequency comb of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> micro-ring

<sec>Physical random numbers (PRNs) own various advantageous characteristics, including unpredictability, non-repeatability, higher security and reliability. Meanwhile, laser chaos has attracted great attention in the field of PRN. In terms of single channel PRN, laser chaos schemes can achieve a much higher bit-rate than traditional quantum PRN schemes. So far, various laser chaos PRN schemes have been discussed in order to enhance the performance of single channel laser chaos PRN. However, considering the limited bandwidth of laser chaos, especially the bandwidth of digital electronic circuit, the development potential of single channel PRN should be limited and may fall into the trap of high performance and expensive cost. Recently, the applications of multi-channel parallel PRN schemes have been developed. These parallel types may balance the high performance of PRN in a low cost. Recent progress indicates that chaotic micro-comb may have good potential. The micro-comb exhibits highly nonlinear and complex dynamic characteristics, and each comb tooth may show chaotic oscillation. The wavelength division multiplexing technology enables large-scale optical parallel output, providing the possiblity for large-scale parallel PRN generation. However, most of these PRN schemes are offline rather than true online and real-time random numbers. Thus, the development of real, online real-time parallel PRN solutions has great interest and research value in related fields.</sec><sec>Herein we experimentally demonstrat an ultra-high-speed parallel real-time physical random number generator, which is achieved though the combination of chaotic micro-comb of chip-scale Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> ultra-high Q micro-resonator and a high-speed field programmable gate array (FPGA). The results show that the Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> ultra-high Q micro-resonator generates a micro-comb with hundreds of channels, each channel can route into an optically chaotic state, and become an excellent physical entropy source. Using FPGA onboard multi-bit analog-to-digital converter, the filtered optical chaos signal from the micro-comb is discretely sampled and quantized, and resulting in an 8-bit binary bitstream. Taking real-time self-delayed exclusive or (XOR) processing of bitstream and preserving 4 least significant bits, the qualified physical random bitstream with real-time 5 Gbits/s rate is realized experimentally. Considering that there are 294 chaotic comb teeths, our approach anticipates a throughput of 1.74 Tbits/s of real-time physical random bits. Our results could offer a new integrated and ultra-high-speed option for real-time physical random number sources.</sec>

Symbolic Interactions in Traditional Medicine Practice

<p>This study aims to explain the symbolic interaction in traditional medicine of the Sungai Guntung community. The traditional treatment in question is the administration of salt acid. Giving salt acid from the patient to the shaman is still preserved and believed by the community as the key to treatment. The theory used to analyse is Herbert Blumer's Symbolic Interactionism. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The determination of informants was carried out by purposive sampling technique or method. Based on the results of this study, the Sungai Guntung Village community still practises traditional medicine. This research resulted in the finding that the administration of salt acid is a spiritual phenomenon where the illness comes from physical, psychological and magical sources. The meaning of tradition depends on social interaction, so the continuity of meaning is also very dependent on changes in social interaction. The symbolic interaction in this treatment is reflected in the symbol of bonding between the shaman and the patient, the symbol of the patient's trust in the shaman, the symbol of gratitude from the patient to the shaman, the symbol of the key to treatment, the symbol of the belief that illness and treatment are spiritual phenomena.</p>