Physical Self-perception Research Articles

The role of physical activity and body-related perceptions in motor skill competence of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder

Purpose: This study assessed the associations of motor skill competence with physical activity and physical self-perception of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).Study design: Cross-sectional study.Methods: A total of 63 male adolescents, aged 12–18 years, with ASD participated in the study. The Bruininks–Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-Second Edition and the Chinese version of the Physical Self-Perception Profile were administered. Physical activity was assessed using a uniaxial accelerometer.Results: The main findings were that (a) both moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and self-perceived physical condition were positively related to manual coordination (MC) and strength and agility (SA); (b) moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was the only predictor of MC and accounted for 14% of the variance; and (c) perceived physical condition explained 16% of the variance in SA, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and perceived physical condition together accounted for 26% of the SA.Conclusion: Future interventions aimed at improving motor skill competence in adolescents with ASD should focus on improving the time spent on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and developing a positive perceived physical condition.Implications for rehabilitationLess than half of the participants with ASD accumulated at least 60 min of daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.Of the participants with ASD, only 19% had clinical levels of total motor impairments.Activities that promote successful moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and support positive physical self-perception (i.e., physical condition) are most likely to develop motor skill competency in adolescents with ASD.

The Effects of Pilates' Instructors Professionalism on Physical Self-perception and Psychological Happiness

The Effects of Pilates' Instructors Professionalism on Physical Self-perception and Psychological Happiness

The Relationship Between Fundamental Movement Skills and Physical Self-Perception Among Adolescent Girls

This study aimed to explore the relationship between fundamental movement skills (FMS) and multiple levels of physical self-perception among early adolescent girls. The Victorian FMS Teachers’ Manual was used to measure actual FMS. Perceptions were measured using the Physical Self-Perception Profile and the Perceived Movement Skill Competence Scale. Pearson’s correlations assessed the association between FMS and each level of physical self-perception. General linear models, adjusting for potential confounders, were conducted to explore the relationship between FMS and multiple levels of physical self-perception. A total of 173 Australian girls (M = 12.48 years,SD = .34) had complete data. Results found positive moderate and significant associations between actual FMS and physical self-perception, perceived sports competence, and, to a lesser degree, perceived FMS. Actual and perceived object control skill were also moderately associated, but there was no association between actual and perceived locomotor skill. After adjusting for potential confounders, FMS remained a significant predictor of each level of perception in each model, except for locomotor skill. These findings are important for future intervention development to improve both actual and perceived FMS, particularly in object control skill, which has been identified as a predictor of subsequent physical activity.

Are children with a higher sense of perceived motor competency more physically active one year later?

Introduction: Motor competence is important for physical activity participation. Perceived motor competency (i.e. how good a child perceives their motor skill level) is a specific construct within the broader construct of physical self-perception. Research shows physical self-perception and physical activity are associated but there is limited research regarding associations between perceived motor competency and physical activity. The aim was to explore whether perceived motor competency (locomotor, e.g. running, and object control skills, e.g. ball skills) predicts physical activity in children across a 12-month period.

Can a teacher-led RCT improve adolescent girls’ physical self-perception and perceived motor competence?

ABSTRACTPerceived and actual motor competence (MC) influence physical activity (PA) behaviour. Notably, both are lower in girls than in boys. This study aimed to investigate (i) whether a 12-week, teacher-led intervention that improves actual MC (Lander, N., Morgan, P. J., Salmon, J., & Barnett, L. M. (2017). Improving early-adolescent girls’ motor skill: A cluster randomized controlled trial. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 49(12), 2498–2505) could also improve adolescent girls’ physical self-perception and perceived MC, and (ii) whether change in actual MC is associated with post-intervention perceptions A randomized controlled trial with 171 girls (mean age 12.48 ± 0.34 years), measured perception (i.e., physical self-perception profile (PSPP) and pictorial scale of perceived movement skill competence (PMSC)) and actual MC (i.e., Victorian FMS Teachers’ Assessment Manual). Mixed models with post-intervention perception as the outcome, adjusting for baseline perception, group, and change in actual MC, as well as clustering, were performed. An interaction term between change in MC and intervention status was included to test the secondary aim. There were significant intervention effects on girls’ physical self-perception as well as their perceived MC. However, there was no association between change in actual MC across the intervention and post intervention perception. While the intervention improved both actual MC and perceived MC, they were not associated.

Considerations Related to the Definition, Measurement and Analysis of Perceived Motor Competence.

The promotion of motor competence is integral to a holistic view of children's development. Motor development models address the potential role of actual and perceived motor competence, physical activity and health-related fitness in children's health. Actual motor competence and optimal levels of perceived motor competence seem to be key for engaging children and adolescents in physical activity and sports. Commonly, the assessment of perceived motor competence is carried out by using instruments originally developed to assess different constructs of physical self-perception with the consequent error assumed. The aim of this article is to therefore offer clarification regarding the concept of perceived motor competence in terms of the conceptual and theoretical framework used for its explanation. A hierarchical and multidimensional structure of global self-concept is proposed with perceived motor competence considered as a subdomain of perceived sport/athletic competence (depending on the age or stage of development of the child) and subdivided into different subdomains of perceived competence in stability, locomotion, object control and active play skills. In order to improve consistency in the approach to assessment, it is desirable that researchers report an agreed definition for the construct of perceived motor competence so that readers can recognise the assumptions within the study accurately. Furthermore, it is suggested that instruments characterised by an alignment between actual and perceived motor competence assessments will help us understand more about children's motor perceptions.

The influence of physical self-perception of female college students participating in Pilates classes on perceived health state and psychological wellbeing.

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of physical self-perception of female college students participating in Pilates on perceived health state and psychological wellbeing. The subjects of this study were 187 female college students participating in Pilates classes in six universities located in Gyeonggi-do. The collected data was analyzed by using SPSS and AMOS 18.0 version. The results are as follows. First, the physical self-perception of female college students participating in Pilates classes affects their perceived health state. Second, the physical self-perception of female college students participating in Pilates classes affects their psychological well-being. Third, the perceived health state of female college students participating in Pilates classes affects their psychological well-being. Fourth, there is a causal relationship among the physical self-perception, perceived health state, and psychological well-being of female college students participating in Pilates classes. In particular, the physical self-perception obtained by the students through their Pilates classes strengthens their psychological well-being through their perceived health state.

Physical self-concept and body dissatisfaction among Special Olympics athletes: A comparison between sex, weight status, and culture

BackgroundLittle research has looked at the associations between sex, weight status and culture, and the physical self-perceptions and body dissatisfaction of individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) involved in Special Olympics (SO) sports. AimsTo examine sex- (male vs female), weight status- (non-overweight/obese vs. overweight/obese), and culture-based (North American vs. Asian) differences in physical self-concept and body dissatisfaction among SO athletes. Methods and procedures.A total of 139 SO athletes (aged 12–30 years) with ID participated in this study and completed measures of physical self-perceptions and body dissatisfaction. Differences according to sex, weight status, culture, and their interactions were examined. Outcomes and resultsMales SO athletes presented higher levels of self-perceived physical strength and ideal body shape than females. Additionally, non-overweight/obese SO athletes presented higher levels of self-perceived physical appearance and physical condition than their overweight/obese counterparts, as well as lower actual body shape perceptions and body dissatisfaction. Moreover, North-American SO athletes presented higher levels of self-perceived physical appearance and sport competence than their Asians counterparts, as well as lower actual body shapes perceptions and body dissatisfaction. Conclusion and implicationsThis study reveals substantial sex-, weight status-, and culture-based differences in the physical self-concept and body dissatisfaction of SO athletes.

규칙적 운동참여 노인의 신체적 자기지각이 건강증진행동과 자아통합감에 미치는 영향

This study investigated effects of physical self-perception, health promotion and ego integrity of the elderly doing regular exercise: The subject was 65 years old or higher 275 elderly doing regular exercise once or more a week. Multi-regression was used.BR First, physical control, human control and stress control had significant influence upon health and physical condition.BR Second, physical function had significant influence upon health and reality life.BR Third, human control, physical control and stress control had significant influence upon wise life.

Examining Relationships Between Sexual Risk–Safety Behaviors and Physical Self-Concept by Gender: A Cluster Analytical Approach

Sexual behavior is a normative part of the transition to adulthood, with an intensification of the exploration of the links between self-esteem, sexuality, and physical self-perception. This study examined the relationships between sexual risk–safety behaviors and overall physical self-concept, as well as its subdimensions such as sports ability, body fat, or physical appearance. In total, 652 sexually active undergraduate students completed self-report questionnaires about their physical self-concept and sexual behaviors. A clustering analysis described three patterns of sexual risk–safety behaviors for women and men: “birth control in a relationship,” “condom users,” and “risk-takers.” The male sexual risk-takers reported lower physical self-concept scores related to physical competence and masculinity subdomains (sports, endurance) than the two other groups. The female sexual risk-takers expressed significantly higher physical dissatisfaction in social and femininity subdomains (appearance, strength) than the others. A lack of perceived physical coordination was strongly associated with sexual risk-taking for both men and women. These findings indicate that specific subdomains of physical self-concept may be linked to safer or risky sexual behaviors in a sample of young adults.

Improving children's physical self-perception through a school-based physical activity intervention: The Move for Well-being in School study

PurposePhysical activity at school can improve the mental health of all children – especially if it targets children's developmental needs and is carried out in a positive social climate. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of a 9-month school intervention focusing on physical self-worth, self-perceived sport competence, body attractiveness, social competences and global self-worth in children aged 10–13 years. MethodsTaking self-determination theory as its starting point, the intervention was developed and pilot-tested in close co-operation with schools. It targeted 1) PE lessons, 2) in-class activity outside PE, and 3) physical activity during break-time. It used a cluster-randomized design to select 24 Danish schools either for intervention or for control. Survey data on self-perception variables, socio-demographics and physical activity was collected prior to intervention and after 9 months. ResultsA total of 2797 children were included in the analyses. All five self-perception variables increased between baseline and follow-up, and there were no significant differences between intervention and control schools. Sub-group analyses of gender, social class, body image and leisure sport revealed significant differences at baseline for most self-perception variables. For students with no leisure sport participation at the intervention schools, the follow-up results showed a more positive development for global self-worth. ConclusionsDespite limited overall intervention effects on self-perceived competence and self-worth, the intervention appeared to diminish the gap between those groups with most and those with least self-confidence. Even though many of the new activities and approaches were implemented, some teachers were challenged to create a positive social climate.

The relation of physical self-perceptions of competence, goal orientation, and optimism with students' performance calibration in physical education

Two studies were conducted to examine associations between students' calibration accuracy with their self-perceptions of competence (i.e., global self-worth, sport competence, perceived competence, and self-efficacy), goal orientation, and dispositional optimism and pessimism. Participants were 138 (study 1) and 236 (study 2) fifth and sixth grade students. An index of absolute accuracy of performance prediction was calculated based on students' predicted and actual performance in a basketball shooting test. Person-related factors were measured with self-reported questionnaires. Results showed no associations between absolute accuracy and students' global self-worth, sport competence, optimism and pessimism (study 1) while students' absolute accuracy was associated with their task orientation, self-efficacy, and perceived competence (study 2). An overconfidence effect was also found in both studies. These results were discussed with reference to previous evidence and views of calibration research in academic, sport, and physical education domains. Interactions between person-related factors and calibration and their effects on the development of students' self-regulated learning of sport skills in physical education were also highlighted.

Relationships between self perceptions and physical activity behaviour, fear of falling, and physical function among older adults

BackgroundThere has been a lack of research examining the relationship among self-perceptions, behaviour, cognitions and functioning in older adults. This study, therefore, examined the relationship between global and physical self-perceptions, physical activity behaviour, and fear of falling taking into considerations objective measures of physical functioning in community dwelling older adults.Methods/designSixty-six participants between 60 and 90 years old (71.9 ± 6.6 years; 47 females; 19 males) completed questionnaires assessing physical and global self-description (PSDQ), planned and incidental physical activity behaviour (IPEQ), and falls efficacy (Short FES-I) as well as tests measuring physical functioning. Backwards multiple linear regression modelling was used to assess possible relationships among variables.ResultsFindings showed that physical self-perceptions (activity, coordination, endurance, flexibility) were associated with self-reported planned and incidental PA whereas sit-to-stand was the only objectively measured physical functioning variable associated with planned PA. Similarly, more falls, global self-esteem, general physical and domain specific physical self-perceptions (flexibility and strength) as well as knee strength were associated with fear of falling. There were also associations between some of the objectively measured physical functioning variables and self-perceptions of the physical self, providing some predictive validity for the PDSQ.ConclusionsThe findings of this study come to corroborate that the belief system of older adults ideally need to be taken into consideration when designing interventions that aim to enhance PA behaviour or reduce fear of falling. Coupling that with goal-setting, life coaching and behaviour change strategies would also be beneficial to address engagement and adherence to such interventions.Trial registrationThis trial was retrospectively registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry - Registry No. ACTRN12614000700639 on the Jul 03rd 2014.

The Development and Validation of Physical Self-Perception Profile Scale in Dance Sport Participant

The Development and Validation of Physical Self-Perception Profile Scale in Dance Sport Participant

Predictive Effect of Motivational Climate on Adolescents’ Physical Self-Perception in Physical Education

Bu çalışmanın amacı beden eğitimi ortamında algılananmotivasyonel iklimin, kendini fiziksel algılamaüzerine tahmin edici etkisini araştırmaktır. Kesitselnitelikteki bu araştırmanın örneklem grubunuoluşturan 2680 öğrenci (1378 kız, 1291 erkek) 14 farklıdevlet lisesinden (1088 9. sınıf, 832 10. sınıf, 592 11.sınıf ve 157 12. sınıf) uygun örnekleme ile seçilmiştir.“Üçlü Motivasyonel İklim Ölçeği” ve “Kendini FizikselAlgılama Envanteri” öğrencilere sınıf ortamında uygulanmıştır.Aşamalı çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizisonuçları, lise beden eğitimi ortamında motivasyoneliklimin, ergenlerin kendilerini fiziksel olarak algılamalarınınbeş farklı boyutunun tahmin edicisi olduğunuortaya koymuştur. MANOVA sonuçları, algılanan motivasyoneliklim ve kendini fiziksel algılama düzeyindesınıf ve cinsiyete göre anlamlı fark olduğunu ortayakoymuştur. Çok değişkenli regresyon modelleri, öğrencilerinbeden eğitimi dersindeki performans kaçınımıiklimi algısı arttıkça algılanan vücut çekiciliğive fiziksel öz-saygı düzeylerinin de düştüğünü ortaya koymuştur.Beden eğitimi öğretmenlerine, öğrencilerinperformans kaçınımı iklimi algılarını destekleyen öğrenmeortamları yaratacak uygulamalardan kaçınmalarıönerilmektedir.

Psychometric Properties of the Physical Self-perception Profile: Short Clinical Version in Geriatric Populations

The short clinical version of the Physical Self-Perception Profile – (CPSPP) was constructed to measure self-perceptions in the physical domain in older people and patients in clinical and rehabilitation settings. It is made up of subscales to assess perceptions of physical function, physical health, strength, sports competence, body attractiveness and also overall physical self-worth (PSW). Using confirmatory factor analysis, the present study tested the factorial validity of CPSPP, with 1002 Portuguese participants aged 65 or more (74.39 ± 7.11). This included 501 males (74.26 ± 7.08) and 501 females (74.52 ± 7.15) from private and social security institutions or who were living alone but attending senior daily care centres in clinical and rehabilitation settings. Cronbach Alpha values for subscales ranged from .64–.80, showing adequate to very good internal consistency. Linear regression results showed that the Function subscale alone was able to explain 62.2% of the total variance of PSW in males and 43.3% in females. Together, Function, Body and Strength subscales were able to explain 73.7% of the total PSW variance in males and 60.1% in females. In confirmatory factor analysis, a model of five correlated latent variables showed a better goodness of fit for female than for male participants. However the goodness of fit obtained for the total sample was satisfactory with NFI = .89, IFI = .90, CFI = .90 and RMSEA = .08. Results support the future use of the instrument for assessment of physical self-perceptions with this population and may be particularly useful in rehabilitation and exercise therapy settings.

The Effect of Dance/Movement Therapy on Physical self-perception, Self-esteem and Ego-Identity of the College students majoring in the Play

The Effect of Dance/Movement Therapy on Physical self-perception, Self-esteem and Ego-Identity of the College students majoring in the Play

Repeated Effects of Vigorous Interval Training in Basketball, Running-Biking, and Boxing on the Physical Self-Perceptions of Obese Adolescents

This study aims to examine the repeated effects of three sessions of vigorous interval training (VIT) in basketball, running-biking, and boxing on the physical self-perceptions (PSP) of obese adolescents participating in a dietary program. A sample of 24 obese adolescents performed the consecutive VIT sessions every week for 5 weeks. PSP were measured immediately after each training session. Analyses of covariance were used to examine changes in PSP. The results showed rapid and constant increases in PSP with significant differences according to sex, time, type of VIT, and an interaction of sex by time by type of VIT, mainly for basketball.

EFFECT OF TWO MODE SPORT SKILL TRAINING PROGRAMME ON THE SELF-PERCEPTION OF IN-SCHOOL ADOLESCENTS IN OSUN STATE, NIGERIA

The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of sport skill acquisition in two selected sports on the self- perception of in-school adolescence. Experimental research design was adopted for the study. The Physical Self-Perception Profile (PSPP, Fox & Corbin, 1989) was administered on 160 participants who took part in an eight week structured exercise intervention using the pre-post- test method. The mean and standard deviation of the pre and post treatment PSPP score of male and female participants in basketball, badminton and control were revealed (A= 96.50 ± 12.7; A = 80.58 ± 17.49; A = 73.83 ± 17.84) and (A=100.68 ± 8.94; A = 95.71 ± 7.15; A = 73.74 ± 17.89), respectively. A Two Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test for difference among means the result revealed significant effect in the pre and post treatment sport groups (<0.05). To determine the location of the significant effect, a post hoc analysis was carried out (<0.05). The study concluded that basketball and badminton skill training had a significant effect on the self-perception of participants irrespective of sex and age Article visualizations:

The Effects of Resistance Training Programs on the Physical Self-Perceptions of College Females

While it is generally accepted that exercise enhances physical self-perceptions (PSPs), the impact of resistance training programs on females’ self-perceptions is unclear. Because exercise is an important public health behavior, and because PSPs have motivational associations, research on this topic may have important implications for exercise promotion. PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of two different types of resistance training programs on the PSPs of college age females. METHODS: College students with no background in resistance training (n = 20) were randomized to a muscular strength (MSTR n = 10), or a muscular endurance (MEND n = 10) resistance training group. A comparison (COM) group (n = 10) was recruited from inactive college students. The resistance training groups followed strength- or endurance-oriented progressive resistance training programs for nine weeks. Participants completed the Physical Self-Perception Profile (PSPP) pre- and post-intervention. Height, weight, skinfolds and circumference measurements were also taken pre and post. RESULTS: Analyses utilized ANCOVAs followed by Bonferroni-adjusted (p set at < .017) pairwise comparisons. The only physical change was a significant reduction in the sum of skinfolds in the MSTR group (p = 0.013). Analyses of PSPP changes showed significant effects for MSTR on the physical condition subscale (p = 0.004), and on the strength competence subscale (p = 0.015) and a near-significant effect on the attractive body adequacy subscale (p = 0.018) that may be practically significant. CONCLUSION: Strength-oriented resistance training produced improvements in some aspects of college females’ physical self-perceptions.