Physical Role Limitations Research Articles

Living Alone, Physical Health, and Mortality in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study.

Living alone, particularly for individuals with poor physical health, can increase the likelihood of mortality. This study aimed to explore the individual and joint associations of living alone and physical health with overall mortality among breast cancer survivors in the Women's Healthy Eating and Living (WHEL). We collected baseline, 12-month and 48-month data among 2869 women enrolled in the WHEL cohort. Living alone was assessed as a binary variable (Yes, No), while scores of physical health were measured using the RAND Short Form-36 survey (SF-36), which include four domains (physical function, role limitation, bodily pain, and general health perceptions) and an overall summary score of physical health. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate associations. No significant association between living alone and mortality was observed. However, several physical health measures showed significant associations with mortality (p-values < 0.05). For physical function, the multivariable model showed a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.1 (95% CI = 1.02-4.23). Furthermore, the study examined the joint impact of living alone and physical health measures on overall mortality. Among women with better physical function, those living alone had a 3.6-fold higher risk of death (95% CI = 1.01-12.89) compared to those not living alone. Similar trends were observed for pain. However, regarding role limitation, the pattern differed. Breast cancer survivors living alone with worse role limitations had the highest mortality compared to those not living alone but with better role limitations (HR = 2.6, 95% CI = 1.11-5.95). Similar trends were observed for general health perceptions. Our findings highlight that living alone amplifies the risk of mortality among breast cancer survivors within specific health groups.

Perception of Goals and Expected Outcomes in Older Hip Fracture Patients and Their Medical Staff: A Cross Sectional Study.

Goal-oriented patientcare is a key element in qualityhealthcare. Medical-caregiver's (MC) are expected to generate a shared decision-making process with patients regarding goals and expected health-outcomes. Hip-fracture patients (HFP) are usually older-adults with multiple health-conditions, necessitating that agreed-upon goals regarding the rehabilitation process, take these conditions into consideration. This topic has yet to be investigated by pairing and comparing the perception of expected outcomes and therapeutic goals of multidisciplinary MCs and their HF patient's. Our aim was to assess in a quantitative method whether HFPs and their multidisciplinary MCs agree upon target health-outcomes and their most important goals as they are reflected in the SF12 questionnaire. This was a cross-sectional, multi-center, study of HFPs and their MCs. Patients and MCs were asked to rate their top three most important goals for rehabilitation from the SF12 eight subscales: physical functioning, physical role limitation, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, emotional role limitation and mental health, and indicate their expected outcome. Descriptive statistics and mixed effect logistic-regression were used to compare concordance of the ratings. Agreement between patients and MCs was assessed using interclass coefficients (ICCs). A total of 378 ratings were collected from 52 patients, 12 nurses, 12 physicians and 6 paramedical personnel. Each patient had between 3 and 9 raters. Patients considered physical functioning and physical role limitation more important than did MCs. Physicians and nurses emphasized the importance of bodily pain while patients referred to it as relatively less significant. The total ICC was low (2%) indicating poor agreement between MCs and patients. With the exception of physical-functioning, MCs predicted a less optimistic outcome in all of the SF12's subscales in comparison to HFPs. Effective intervention in HFPs requires constructive communication between MCs and patients. The study suggests that caregivers have an insufficient understanding of the expectations of HFPs. More effective communication channels are required in order to better understand HFPs' needs and expectations.

Long-Term Impacts of COVID-19 Pneumonia on Quality of Life: A Single Institutional Pilot Study

Many studies have demonstrated poor quality of life (QoL) at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, these studies were limited due to cross-sectional design, a longer gap between visits, and lack of controls for comparison. Therefore, the aim of our prospective study was to assess the impact of COVID-19 pneumonia on QoL in both physical and mental health. A prospective study was conducted on adult patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. We used the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and Euro Quality of Life-5 Dimensions-5 Levels (EQ-5D-5L), EQ visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale to collect data at months, 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12. Thirty-eight patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and twenty-five healthy subjects were completely followed up on all visits. All domains of SF-36, except bodily pain and EQ-5D-5L of the patients, were lower than controls. There was an improvement of EQ-VAS and SF-36 including physical functioning, social functioning, and role limitation (physical problems) domains throughout study period in the COVID-19 pneumonia group. Adult patients who recovered from COVID-19 pneumonia had lower QoL which improved over the one-year follow-up period.

Quality of Life and Its Relative Factors Among Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Cross-sectional Study in Northwest Iran

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the critical diseases due to its adverse clinical, social, and economic consequences for affected people. This study aims to assess the quality of life (QoL) of patients with MS in East Azerbaijan, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using the multiple sclerosis quality of life-54 (MSQoL-54) questionnaires to interview 300 randomly selected MS patients in East Azarbaijan Province, Iran. The independent t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Tukey post hoc test were used to examine the relationship between demographic variables, and QoL, and all analyses were performed using SPSS software, version 19. Results: The QoL score in MS patients is 48.22±22.48. The “life satisfaction” is the best and “physical role limitation” is the worst QoL aspect. Significant relationships were observed between marital status, education level, employment status, age of symptoms onset, and years of illness with QoL (P&lt;0.05). Conclusion: The QoL of the MS patients in East Azarbaijan Province is lower than in other parts of Iran and much lower than in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries.

Real-world data on incidence of frailty in cardiac surgical patients and its impact on quality of life: An observational feasibility study

Abstract Background: An improvement in quality of life (QOL) is increasingly being perceived as a quality indicator after surgical interventions, cardiac surgery being no exception. There is scarce literature on whether frailty alters this expected change in QOL. Objective: To assess the baseline frailty and QOL of cardiac surgical patients and the impact of frailty on the QOL patterns in the cardiac surgical population presenting to a tertiary care facility in south India. Materials and Methods: Prospective observational pilot study. Of the 60 patients recruited, 41 patients were assessed for baseline frailty and 37 for change in QOL 3 months after cardiac surgery. Frailty was assessed using the Fried frailty test. Baseline QOL and QOL after 3 months of surgery were calculated with the Short Form-36 questionnaire under its eight domains. Results: The median values of QOL among cardiac surgical patients are 50 and 66, respectively, for role limitation due to physical health and role limitation to emotional health, as against above 70 each in the community. Other domains of QOL were comparable with the general population. There is no change in QOL noted in the nonfrail 3 months after cardiac surgery. The frail showed an improvement in the domain of general health. Prefrail showed an improvement in domains of pain and general health but a decline in physical and emotional well-being after cardiac surgery. Conclusion: Though this is a pilot study and will be followed by a future larger study, it still does give the following clues: QOL scores in cardiac patients are lower than in the general population, and the frail benefit from cardiac surgery as it improves their QOL.

Evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of alendronate versus denosumab in kidney transplant patients with reduced bone mineral density.

To compare the effect of denosumab and alendronate on bone mineral density (BMD) in renal transplant recipients (RTRs) with low bone mass. Patients were randomized to receive either denosumab subcutaneously (60 mg/6 months), oral alendronate (70 mg/week), or no treatment for 1 year. The three groups were prescribed daily calcium and vitamin D. Primary outcome was BMD assessed at lumbar spine, hip, and radius and measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) at baseline and after 6 and 12 months. Adverse events and laboratory assessments (calcium, phosphate, vitamin D, renal functions, and intact parathyroid hormone) were monitored for all patients. Quality of life was assessed at baseline and after 6 and 12 months for all patients. Ninety RTRs were included in the study (30 in each group). Baseline clinical characteristics and BMD values were comparable in the three groups. After 12 months, lumbar spine T-score of patients treated with denosumab and alendronate showed a median increase of 0.5 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.4-0.6] and 0.5 (95% CI: 0.4-0.8), respectively, and patients in the control group showed a decrease of -0.2 (95% CI: -0.3 to -0.1), p < 0.001. Denosumab and alendronate showed a significant comparable gain in T-scores at hip and radius versus a significant decrease in the control group. Adverse events and laboratory values were similar in the three groups. Both treatments resulted in comparable significant improvement in physical functioning, physical role limitations, vitality, and pain scores. Denosumab and alendronate showed comparable efficacy in improving BMD at all measured skeletal sites and were safe and well-tolerated, with no serious adverse effects reported in RTRs with low bone mass. The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT04169698.

Comparison of Postoperative Quality of Life Scores in Women Who Underwent Myomectomy Versus Hysterectomy for Uterine Fibroids [ID: 1379414

INTRODUCTION: Uterine fibroids are highly prevalent and associated with significant effect on quality of life (QOL). The current study compares QOL scores in patients that underwent myomectomy or hysterectomy for management of fibroids. METHODS: After obtaining approval from the Cleveland Clinic IRB, we conducted a retrospective cohort study for patients that underwent hysterectomy or myomectomy for uterine fibroids. Eligible patients were sent validated surveys: 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and Uterine Fibroid Symptom and QOL questionnaire (UFS-QOL). Standard bivariate analyses were used to compare differences in QOL scores between groups, adjusting for age and race. RESULTS: Of the 142 survey respondents, 37 underwent myomectomy and 105 underwent hysterectomy. The median number of days between surgery and survey completion was 1,652 (1,142, 2,328) for myomectomy and 1,022 (740, 1,317) for hysterectomy. For SF-36, hysterectomy patients reported significantly less energy (P=.006) compared to myomectomy. Significant differences were not observed in postoperative physical functioning, role limitations, pain, health perceptions, vitality, social functioning, or mental health. Although there was no statistically significant difference in UFS-QOL scores, patients who underwent hysterectomy experienced significantly lower symptom severity (P=.009) and levels of concern (P&lt;.001), and increased activity tolerance (P=.005) and sense of control (P=.029). CONCLUSION: While patients who underwent hysterectomy reported more fatigue, they experienced lower symptom severity, lower levels of concern, higher activity tolerance, and increased sense of control compared to myomectomy. These findings may help guide counseling for surgical fibroid treatment.

The Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) on Lung Function, Exercise Capacity and Quality of Life in a Cohort of Survivors

Background: The lung function outcome among COVID-19 survivors in Hong Kong remained unknown. Methods: Patients above the age of 18 years old with the principal diagnosis of COVID-19 who were discharged from a tertiary center in Hong Kong between the period of 1st February 2020 to 31st July 2020 were offered three lung function tests at approximately one, three and six months upon discharge for monitoring of their outcome. Six-minute walk test (6MWT) and health related quality of life assessment by Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form General Health Survey (SF-36) were arranged on the same day of lung function test. Results: Thirty patients had lung function test performed within 60 days after discharge. Nineteen and twelve patients had lung function test performed at 60-180 days and 180 days after discharge respectively. After corrected for underlying lung diseases, 32% patients have reduced hemoglobin adjusted DLCO and PImax, while 88% patients have reduced PEmax. For patients with serial lung function performed, adjusted DLCO and PImax improved with time. The exercise capacity of COVID-19 survivors was significantly lower than normal subjects in most age groups. COVID-19 survivors have lower quality of life in the context of physical functioning, social functioning and role limitation due to physical problems, compared with normal subjects. Conclusion: COVID-19 leads to lung function abnormalities including reduced diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide, maximal inspiratory pressure and maximal expiratory pressure in more than 40% of patients, which improved with time. Exercise capacity and health status of COVID-19 survivors are lower than normal subjects.

Screening Risks of Alcohol Abuse, Depressive Symptoms, and Decreased Health-Related Quality of Life in Post-Bariatric Patients and Their Relations to Weight Regain.

Not all patients who underwent bariatric surgery keep their regular medical follow-up. We screened alcohol use, depressive symptoms, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in post-bariatric patients who have lost medical follow-up at their first appointment in our healthcare unit. These screened disorders were compared between low vs. high ratios of weight regain (RWR) and correlated with surgical outcomes. Ninety-four post-bariatric patients without medical follow-up (87.2% female, aged 42 ± 9 years, BMI = 32.9 ± 6.5kg/m2) were included. They underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (n = 80) or sleeve gastrectomy (n = 14). They were divided into high RWR (≥ 20%) and low RWR (< 20%) groups. We used Alcohol Use Disorders Inventory Test, Beck Depression Inventory, and 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey. Neck and waist circumferences, diastolic blood pressure, and time since surgery were higher in the high than low RWR group (P≤ 0.05). No differences between groups for alcohol use and depressive symptoms were detected (P≥ 0.07), but those who regained more weight exhibited poorer health scores in physical functioning, physical role limitations, bodily pain, and vitality (P≤ 0.05). In the low RWR group, the RWR was inversely correlated to physical/social functioning and vitality. Positive associations were present between RWR vs. depressive symptoms, while negative ones were noted to physical functioning and general health perception in the high RWR group. HRQoL has deteriorated in those post-bariatric patients without medical follow-up who regained more weight, possibly indicating the need for regular long-term health care.

Role limitations in mothers living with depression: Links with children's academic achievement

Maternal depression can limit the quality of parenting behaviors that foster child academic achievement. This effect may be explained by functional difficulties, also known as role limitations, that result from experiencing physical health issues (i.e., physical role limitations) and emotional health issues (i.e., emotional role limitations). Physical and emotional role limitations might be especially salient in low-income, urban mother-child dyads because of elevated levels of environmental stressors. We conducted mediation models with a sample of 133 low-income, urban, predominantly African American and Latino families. Our analyses indicated direct links between maternal depression and emotional and physical role limitations, as well as a direct link between maternal depression and child reading (but not math) abilities. Analyses suggested that maternal depression was indirectly linked with child reading abilities through emotional role limitations. This study can inform programs that nurture development in urban, minoritized children in the context of poverty and maternal depression.

Purpose in life and physical health in older U.S. military veterans: Cross-sectional results from the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study

General population studies suggest purpose in life (PIL) is associated with a number of positive outcomes, including better mental and physical health. At present, however, scarce research has examined how PIL relates to these outcomes in veterans. The goal of this study was to determine the current prevalence of different levels of PIL and their associations with reported physical health in a nationally representative sample of predominantly older U.S. veterans. Cross-sectional data were analyzed from the 2019–2020 National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study (N = 4069; M(age) = 62.2). Veterans were classified into low, average, and high PIL. Self-report assessments were administered to assess physical health conditions and physical functioning. Results showed most veterans endorsed average PIL (71.7%), while 16.0% endorsed low PIL and 12.3% endorsed high PIL. Low PIL was associated with lower overall self-reported health and physical and cognitive functioning, as well as higher bodily pain, somatic symptoms, and physical role limitations (Cohen's d = 0.06–0.77). Low PIL was also associated with elevated rates of several physical health conditions, including sleep disorders, as well as obesity and disability with activities of daily living (i.e., ADLs) or instrumental activities of daily living (i.e., IADLs). These results suggest low PIL is associated with physical health difficulties, and underscore the importance of assessing and monitoring PIL, and evaluating whether interventions to promote PIL may help improve physical health and vice versa.

Strategies Used to Manage Chronic Pain in HIV-Disease: Comparing Persons Prescribed Opioids Versus Persons not Receiving Opioids.

Chronic pain is common in people living with HIV (PLWH), causes substantial disability and is associated with limitations in daily activities. Opioids are commonly prescribed for pain treatment among PLWH, but evidence of sustained efficacy is mixed. There is little information available on how PLWH who have chronic pain use multimodal strategies in pain management. The current cross-sectional study examined background characteristics, self-reported pain, and the use of other pain treatments among 187 PLWH with chronic pain and depressive symptoms who were and were not prescribed opioids. Approximately 20.9% of participants reported using prescription opioids at the time of the study interview. These individuals were significantly more likely to report having engaged in physical therapy or stretching, strengthening or aerobic exercises in the previous 3 months, recent benzodiazepine use, and receiving disability payments. There were no significant differences in pain characteristics (pain-related interference, average pain severity, and worst pain severity) between the two groups. Those not prescribed opioids were more likely to report better concurrent physical functioning and general health, and fewer physical role limitations, but higher depression symptom severity. Our findings suggest that many PLWH with chronic pain and depressive symptoms express high levels of pain with deficits in physical function or quality of life despite their use of opioids. The high rate of co-use of opioids and benzodiazepines (30.8%) is a concern because it may increase risk of overdose. An integrated care approach that includes a variety of effective non-pharmacologic treatment strategies such as physical therapy may be beneficial in reducing the reliance on opioids for pain management.

Trajectory of Anxiety, Depression and Quality of Life in Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Descriptive Study.

To investigate anxiety, depression, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) over 15 years and associations between demographic, disease-related variables, anxiety and depression, and HRQoL in patients with AS. Descriptive study. Place and Duration of the Study: Istanbul Medeniyet University Goztepe Prof. Dr. Suleymsan Yalcin City Hospital, from June to December 2021. Seventy-five patients with AS, who were followed up in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation outpatient clinic for 15 years, were included in this study, after their diagnosis was confirmed by the hospital system. The demographic information (gender, age, accommodation status, educational status, employment status, and time unemployed), diagnosis time, remission time, drugs used, usage of TNF-inhibitor drugs and duration of usage were recorded. Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI) was used to the measure the disease activity, the hospital anxiety depression scale (HADS) was used for anxiety and depression screening and Short Form-36 (SF-36) was used for HRQoL. SF-36 physical component summary score, general health, social functioning, and role limitations due to physical health subscale scores improved significantly (p=0.004; p<0.000; p=0.024; p=0.002, respectively). It was observed that the effects of BASDAI, HADS anxiety and depression scores were significant on SF-36 (p=0.044; p=0.050; p=0.023), and time has a substantial impact on SF-36 (p=0.003). The effects of gender, education level, and occupation were not found statistically significant (p>0.05 for each). Within 15 years, quality of life increased, anxiety and depression decreased in AS patients. Along with disease activity, anxiety and depression were found to be the most important factors affecting the change in quality of life over time. Ankylosing spondylitis, Anxiety, Depression, Disease activity, Quality of life.

Factors associated with health-related quality of life in people living with HIV in Norway

BackgroundDespite the advances in the treatment of HIV, people living with HIV (PLHIV) still experience impairment of health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The aim of the study was to explore factors associated with HRQOL in a well-treated Norwegian HIV population.MethodsTwo hundred and forty-five patients were recruited from two outpatient clinics to participate in this cross-sectional study of addiction, mental distress, post-traumatic stress disorder, fatigue, somatic health, and HRQOL. The latter was measured using the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the adjusted associations between demographic and disease-related variables and HRQOL.ResultsThe study population was virologically and immunologically stable. Their mean age was 43.8 (SD = 11.7) years, 131 (54%) were men, and 33% were native Norwegians. Compared with the general population (published in previous studies), patients reported worse SF-36 scores for five of eight domains: mental health, general health, social function, physical role limitation, and emotional role limitation (all p < 0.001). Compared with men, women reported better SF-36 scores within the domains vitality (63.1 (23.6) vs. 55.9 (26.7), p = 0.026) and general health (73.4 (23.2) vs. 64.4 (30.1), p = 0.009). In the multivariate analyses, higher SF-36- physical component score values were independently associated with young age (p = 0.020), being employed, student, or pensioner (p = 0.009), low comorbidity score (p = 0.015), low anxiety and depression score (p = 0.015), being at risk of drug abuse (p = 0.037), and not being fatigued (p < 0.001). Higher SF-36-mental component score values were independently associated with older age (p = 0.018), being from a country outside Europe or from Norway (p = 0.029), shorter time since diagnosis, low anxiety and depression score (p < 0.001), answering ‘no’ regarding alcohol abuse (p = 0.013), and not being fatigued (p < 0.001).ConclusionsHRQOL was poorer in PLHIV than in the general population in Norway. It is important to focus on somatic and mental comorbidities when delivering health-care services in the ageing population of PLHIV to improve HRQOL even among a well-treated group of PLHIV as found in Norway.

The effect of balneotherapy and physical therapy applied to patients with chronic lack pain on pain intensity, quality of life, disability and mental symptoms

Aims: The aim of present study was to evaluate effects of balneotherapy and physical therapy combination against only physical therapy on pain, guality of life, disability and psychological symptoms in chronic low back pain. Methods: Sixty patients with chronic low back pain were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups: Balneotherapy and physical therapy group (n=30) and physical therapy group (n=30). Balneotherapy group hospitalized for 20 minutes a day every day for 3 weeks to balneotherapy sessions with 40°C thermomineral water and 5 days a week for 3 weeks to 15 sessions of physical therapy session. Physical therapy group recieved 5 days a week for 3 weeks to 15 sessions of physical therapy session in the treatment unit Both groups recieved ultrason treatment which has 1.5W/cm 2 dose and 1MHz frequency for 6 minutes, Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) (50-100 Hz) for 20 minutes and hot pack for 20 minutes as physical therapy. Patients in both groups were given a patient-based standardized lumbar exercise in addition to physical therapy. The following parameters were measured: Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain intensity, Short Form-36 (SF-36) to evaluate guality of life, Oswestry Disability lndex (ODI) to evaluate functional disability and Symptom Check List-90 to query psychological symptoms. First evaluations were done at the beginning of treatment and second evaluations were done at the end of treatment before and after treatment. Results: We observed more significant decrease in VAS scores in the group administered balneotherapy (FT+BT) and physical therapy compared with the group treated only physical therapy (FT) (p0,05). At the end of treatment in FT+BT group subscale of guality of life; Physical role limitations, mental health, pain and general health were significantly higher than the FT group (p0,05). In FT+BT group except social functioning and in FT group except vitality and general health, ali other dimensions of guality of life showed significant improvement (p0,05). Although pretreatment disability rate of FT+BT is more, in this group decline of scores were more (30.4% to 14.2%). When compared to before and after treatment scores on the SCL-90 sub-parameters in FT+BT individuals were significantly different in ali the sub-parameters but in FT group except phobic anxiety and paranoid ideation, found significant differences in other parameters (p0,05). In addition the decline of statistically significant decrease in the parameters was observed lesser extent in FT group compares to FT+BT group. Conclusions: In present study we observed that balneotherapy in addition to physical therapy against routin physical treatment program showed more decline in pain and functional disability, more increase in guality of life and more improvements in psychological symptoms in addition relationship between psychologic symptom scores and disability is stronger than the relationship between psychologic symptom scores and pain scores.

The association between fatty acid quality indices and quality of life among overweight and obese women: A cross-sectional study.

Reduced quality of life (QOL) is a major public health challenge affecting the global population. Fatty acid quality indices (FAQIs) are novel determinants of QOL and may impact various aspects of QOL. Prior research has established a significant link between dietary habits and QOL. However, the association between FAQIs and specific dimensions of QOL has not been established. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between FAQIs and QOL in overweight and obese women. In total, 378 adult overweight or obese women participated in this cross-sectional study. Several anthropometric indices, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and biochemical factors were measured using standard protocols. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated and reliable semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (the FFQ, 147 items). The cholesterol-saturated fat index (CSI) and the ratio of omega-6/omega-3 (N6/N3) essential fatty acids consumed were employed as FAQIs. The SF-36 questionnaire was administered to measure QOL. Linear logistic regression was used, in the form of raw and adjusted models, to evaluate the associations between FAQIs and QOL. The study sample consisted of 279 participants for whom ω-6/ω-3 ratio was measured and 378 participants for whom CSI was measured. The mean (±SD) age of participants was 36.65 ± 9.07 years. Linear logistic regression, with adjustment for potential confounders, such as age, energy intake, body mass index, employment, and thyroid status, indicated that ω-6/ω-3 intake ratio was negatively and marginally significantly associated with general health (β = -139.94, 95% CI: [-286.54, 6.66]; p = 0.061) and physical role limitations (β= -337.68, 95% CI: [-679.99, 1.61]; p = 0.051). A significant negative association was observed between ω-6/ω-3 intake ratio and social functioning (β = -247.54, 95% CI: [-458.14, -36.94]; p = 0.021), which indicates that obese and overweight women with a higher ω-6/ω-3 intake ratio obtained lower scores on social functioning. It was found that FAQI scores were negatively associated with certain QOL measures among overweight and obese Iranian women, suggesting that a higher consumption of fatty acids, especially trans and saturated fatty acids, may be associated with lower QOL.

Investigation of Job Fatigue, Quality of Life and Sleep of shift staff working in the electric distribution company of Ilam Province

Introduction: Shift work is one of the social phenomena that has its roots in the history of human origin and still exists today for economic and technological reasons. Due to the complications of shift work, the present study was conducted to investigate job fatigue, quality of life, and sleep of shift staff working in Ilam Electric Distribution Company.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, all shift workers of Ilam Electric Distribution Company were selected. Data collection tools included the Swedish Job Exhaustion Questionnaire, Quality of Life (SF-36), the Insomnia Assessment Questionnaire, and the Survey of shift workers (SOS). SPSS software version 26 was used to analyze data using independent sample T-Test, One-way ANOVA, and Chi-square tests. &#x0D; Results: Pearson correlation test showed that there was a direct and positive correlation between age and physical function (r = 0.439; p = 0.022), smoking and sleep problems (r = 0.528; p = 0.006), and education and limitation of the role of emotional problems (r = 0.382; p = 0.049). Also, the was a significant indirect correlation was found between age and physical role limitation (r = - 0.501; p = 0.008), shift work with satisfaction with individual life (p &lt;0.045), social life (p &lt;0.038), family life (p &lt;0.023) and family dissatisfaction.&#x0D; Conclusion: shift working has adverse effects on family satisfaction, circadian rhythms, digestive performance, and mental health. It is suggested that managers be more careful about working hours, work shifts, and rest times

Evaluation of quality of life and physical activity in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The aim of the study is to compare the quality of life, physical activity, anxiety, depression, fear of hypoglycemia, loneliness perception in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and controls. Forty-four patients and 63 controls were included in this cross-sectional study. Quality of life (Short Form 36-SF-36), physical activity level (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-short form), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), fear of hypoglycemia (Hypoglycemia Fear Survey), loneliness perception (UCLA Loneliness Scale) were evaluated. Physical role limitations and general health perception subscale scores of SF-36 questionnaire in patients were significantly higher than the controls (p < 0.05). Role limitations due to physical problems and fear of hypoglycemia are increased, and general health perception is impaired in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Physical inactivity is an important symptom in individuals in the pandemic period. In this regard, telerehabilitation approaches will be beneficial for all individuals in increasing physical activity, improving quality of life, and decreasing anxiety, depression and loneliness perception during the pandemic period for all individuals. The importance of a multidisciplinary approach in diabetes management and dealing with problems should be considered in pandemic.

Dementia neuropsychiatric prevalence, severity, and correlates in community‐dwelling Thai older adults

AbstractBackgroundThailand is experiencing a rapid increase in the number of older persons with dementia, yet little is known about the nature and consequences of dementia neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), particularly outside of clinical settings. We examined the prevalence, severity, and correlates of NPS, including correlation with family caregiver burden and distress, among community‐dwelling Thai older adults with probable dementia.MethodsThis study is based on analysis of baseline data from a hybrid type III cluster randomized design comparing two different implementation approaches of an evidence‐based exercise intervention for persons with dementia. A three‐step recruitment process was used for recruiting participants from the local healthcare system and included clinical case confirmation of probable degenerative dementia. To be eligible, participants needed to be age 60 and above, have probable dementia, have 1 or more NPS, be ambulatory, and have an adult (age 18+) family caregiver. 353 participants enrolled in the study and completed based assessments, including NPS assessment, caregiver stress associated with NPS, as well as other care recipient and caregiver characteristics. We examined NPS severity with caregiver distress and used ordinary least squares (OLS) regression to examine associations between PWD and caregiver characteristics and NPS severity.ResultsNPS prevalence varied from 18% for appetite/eating changes to 42% for delusions. NPS severity was significantly (P &lt; .05) associated with caregiver stress for all individual NPS. Among PWD characteristics, higher ADL score (less functional impairment) was inversely associated with NPS total severity (b = ‐0.16, p &lt; 0.05). More physical role limitation was significantly associated with higher NPS total severity (b = 0.77, p &lt; 0.001). Among caregivers’ characteristics, higher burden was significantly associated with higher NPS total severity (b = 0.19, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsOur study found that NPS are common among community dwelling PWD in Thailand and are associated with adverse impacts on both PWD and family caregivers. These findings highlight the clinical importance of NPS symptoms among Thai older adults. The high prevalence of psychotic symptoms in this community sample is noteworthy and deserves further attention. Results of the parent intervention study will be reported in 2023.

Long-term changes of health-related quality of life in patients with peripheral vascular malformations – a prospective observational study

The aim of this observational study was to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL) changes in patients with vascular malformations, over a period of almost eight years, and to assess clinical and demographic characteristics possibly associated with HRQOL changes. Eighty out of 111 patients who were included in a previously published comparative HRQOL study accepted inclusion in this follow-up study. HRQOL at baseline and follow-up was assessed with the Short-Form 36-item questionnaire (SF-36). Median observation time was 7.9 years. Linear mixed models and linear regression models were applied to assess HRQOL change and possible associations with demographic and clinical variables. The median age of the patient cohort at baseline evaluation (n=111) was 27.0 years. Ninety-six out of 111 (86.5%) patients were diagnosed with venous malformations. Significantly higher SF-36 scores at follow-up were found for the physical domains Role limitations due to (RLDT) physical problems (difference=13.5; 95% CI [1.6, 25.3]) and Bodily pain (difference=11.3; 95% CI [3.8, 18.8]). No deterioration of HRQOL was found in any domain. In multivariate analyses, female gender, muscle/bone involvement, and higher age were associated with a positive relative change in SF-36 in the domains Physical functioning, RLDT physical problems, and RLDT emotional problems, respectively. Invasive treatment was not associated with long-term HRQOL change. Over a period of almost eight years, significant improvement of SF-36 scores was observed in the physical domains RLDT physical problems and bodily pain. Female gender, muscle/bone involvement, and higher age were associated with HRQOL improvement in certain domains.