Physical Meaning Of Parameters Research Articles

NO (nitrogen monoxide) adsorption mechanism by a charcoal filter made from driftwood and waste lumber

Targeting resource management and the effective utilization of waste of plant origin, experiments involving NO (nitrogen monoxide) adsorption by charcoal filter were conducted. The charcoal filter used is made from driftwood into dams and from waste lumber.According to the experimental results, the amount of equilibrium NO adsorption of the charcoal filter was 40-1300 times as much as that of the soil filter used in the previous paper. Based on the experimental results of the NO breakthrough curve from the charcoal filter and the theoretical analysis of the mass transfer process, the NO adsorption characteristics of the charcoal filter were recognized. It was experimentally and theoretically shown that the fundamental main mechanism of the adsorption by the charcoal filter is the surface diffusion into the micro-pores except in the short early stage, during which the Knudsen diffusion in the meso-pores is the main mechanism. A practical equation that properly shows the stepwise change in the adsorption rate was proposed, and the physical meaning of parameters in the equation was explained through interpretation of the adsorption mechanism.The adsorption ability would differ based on the kind of materials involved, and that was left for future work examining the details of the charcoal filter structures.

ステレオビジョンカメラを用いた同軸二重反転式ヘリコプタのモデリングと自律飛行制御

MAV (Micro Air Vehicle) will be very effective for gathering information in dangerous area or narrow space.In that case, autonomous control is essential. This paper is concerned with autonomous control of small co-axial helicopter: X.R.B. Horizontal acceleration is decided by force from lower rotor and upper rotor. Direction of the force is decided by angle of rotation surface of lower rotor, upper rotor and stabilizer. Therefore the model which physical meaning of parameter is clear can be constructed. Control system is constructed by LQI controller and Kalman filter using the model. Good control performance is achieved by experiment. 3D position of X.R.B is measured by using stereo vision camera and 3-axis attitude is measured by small attitude sensor.

Validation of a Predictive Form of Horton Infiltration for Simulating Furrow Irrigation

Due to spatially varying conditions the improvement of furrow irrigation efficiency should be sought not just for a limited number of furrows or for one specific irrigation event. A simplified predictive modeling approach of the averaged advance-infiltration process is proposed in this paper. Horton’s equation, derived from the asymptotic form of the Talsma-Parlange infiltration equation, allows us to use a predictive approach for the advance infiltration process by means of the exact solution of the Lewis and Milne water balance equation. The references to the works of White and Sully, for a surface point source, result in the use of parameters which characterize the hydraulic properties of the soil: Δθ (saturated water content minus initial water content); Ks (saturated conductivity); and λc (macroscopic capillary length). The physical meaning of parameters involved in the proposed modeling is attested using field experiments carried out in a loamy soil plot context. Assuming a same Δθ measured value be...

Impedance measurements on lacquered tinplate: fitting with equivalent circuits

Experimental impedance data previously obtained for various kinds of lacquered tinplate are fitted using two different equivalent electrical circuits, with the aim of assessing the advantages/disadvantages of this procedure for quality control of the material as compared to direct evaluation of the impedance diagrams. It is shown that for screening purposes the same conclusions can be obtained either by fitting or by qualitative analysis of the diagrams. The physical meaning of parameters obtained from the impedance measurements is also discussed. The results are interpreted on the basis that the lacquer is characterized by intact and porous areas which are associated with a capacitance in parallel with the pore resistance in the high frequency range. At lower frequencies other processes occur in series with the resistance of the pores. For short immersion times, the passivation film present on tinplate is detected, whereas for longer immersion times, faradaic processes are detected.

Reexamination of correlations for nucleate site distribution on boiling surface by fractal theory

Nucleate site distribution plays an essential role in nucleate boiling process. In this paper, it is pointed out that the size and spatial distribution density of nucleate sites presented on real boiling surface can be described by the normalized fractal distribution function, and the physical meaning of parameters involved in some experimental correlations proposed by early investigations are identified according to fractal distribution function. It is further suggested that the surface micro geometry characteristics such as the shape of cavities should be described and analyzed qualitatively by using fractal theory.

Strain‐dependent dynamic properties of filled rubber network systems, 2: The physical meaning of parameters in the L‐N‐B model and their applicability

AbstractIn Part 1 of this series, the strain‐dependent dynamic properties of filler loaded rubber systems were modelled with a newly derived L‐N‐B (links‐nodes‐blobs) model. In this paper, the physical meaning and significance of parameters of the L‐N‐B model are described and compared with experimental results. Furthermore, with the combination of a van der Waals force model, these parameters can be described in terms of basic physical material properties of filler and rubber matrix. The temperature dependence of dynamic properties of filled rubbers is successfully described in terms of the series combination of the angular deformation element \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\frac{{2d\bar G}}{{mL_1 a^2 }}$\end{document} in series with the tension element \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\frac{{dQ}}{{L_1 a^2 }}$\end{document}. Moreover, the normalized storage modulus can be expressed as a master curve \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$Z_{L - N - B} = {\rm Ei}\left[ {\frac{{ - a_2 mQ\varepsilon _b }}{{2d\bar G}} \bullet L_1 } \right]/{\rm Ei}\left[ {\frac{{ - a_2 mQ\varepsilon _b }}{{2d\bar G}}} \right]$\end{document}. The parameter \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\frac{{ - a_2 mQ\varepsilon _b }}{{2d\bar G}}$\end{document} is almost a constant for different carbon black filled systems. The distributions of blob and link in a L‐N‐B model are similar for carbon black filled rubber systems. The applicability and the limitation of the L‐N‐B model are also discussed and illustrated with experimental results. Beside carbon black filled rubber systems, silica filled rubber and filler‐in‐oil systems are discussed.

Application of System Identification for Thermal Characterisation of Building Components

The CEC is searching for standardised methodologies for the assessment of thermal parameters for different types of building components. The dynamic system identification techniques are the most promising methods to achieve this goal. Within the frame of the DGXII PASSYS project the work at the JRC solar test site has been concentrated on the development of reliable parameter identification methods. Methods used in the PASSYS project are based on a lumped parameter model and a continuous time model, modal models and armax models. The application of identification methods on in-situ measurements will be discussed. A performance check for these methods will be presented, which includes tests on noise, change of input signal by uncontrolled phenomena and non linear parameter behaviour. The application of several methods will be discussed in this paper. Problem areas, like physical meaning of parameters and cross validation for different data series will be among the topics.

One application of Bouc's model for non-linear hysteresis

A non-linear two parametric model introduced by R. Bouc is used to describe the hysteretic loops obtained from experiments on stranded cables. The procedure for identification of model parameters is given and the physical meaning of parameters is discussed. An application to two types of Stockbridge dampers shows sufficient accuracy of the model and the identification procedure within some range of system and load parameters.

Viscoelastic properties of plant cell walls. IV. Physical meaning of parameter K in mathematical formulation for stress-relaxation and load-extension processes

Viscoelastic properties of plant cell walls. IV. Physical meaning of parameter K in mathematical formulation for stress-relaxation and load-extension processes