Physical Health Of Individuals Research Articles

The importance of psychological intervention in emergencies for patients with anorexia nervosa

Dear Editor, We consider it appropriate to highlight the importance of early psychological intervention in emergencies for patients with eating disorders. In the contemporary age, characterized by incessant socio-cultural pressures and aesthetic ideals, eating disorders emerge as a complex and critical challenge to mental and physical health in individuals during developmental age. This psychiatric condition can have fatal outcomes. Approximately one-fifth to one-third of adolescent patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) require intensive care during the course of the illness. Access to critical care areas in healthcare facilities due to significant emaciation-related organic decompensation is increasing significantly, particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic. [...]

Effect of a Nurse-Led Exercise Program on Depression in Elderly Patients with Diabetes: A Retrospective Study.

Patients with diabetes often face psychological challenges, particularly depression. The coexistence of these two conditions can significantly impact both the mental and physical health of individuals. This study aims to investigate the effects of nurse-led exercise training on elderly patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and comorbid depression through experimental research. By selecting appropriate exercise programs for patients, the study seeks to identify effective strategies for improving both their physical health and depressive symptoms. Additionally, it aims to offer tailored exercise recommendations to enhance the overall well-being of these patients. The observation group (n = 53) and the control group (n = 53) were selected based on the interventions documented in the patients' medical records, with eligible patients identified as research participants. The control group received standard medication, while the observation group engaged in intensive exercise training in addition to their standard treatment, dedicating 60-90 min per day to exercise. Prior to and following the intervention, blood glucose indices, levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE), self-rating depression scale (SDS), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Generic Quality of Life Inventory (GQOLI-74) scores were assessed to evaluate the impact of the exercise training intervention. Following the intervention, levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-h postprandial blood glucose (PBG), and Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were reduced compared to pre-intervention levels, with the exercise group exhibiting lower levels than the control group (p < 0.05). Additionally, post-intervention, patients' levels of 5-HT and NE increased, with the exercise group demonstrating higher levels than the control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, post-intervention, SDS and SAS scores decreased, with more significant improvements observed in the observation group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the intervention improved sleep quality and quality of life among patients in the exercise group compared to those in the control group (p < 0.05). Nurse-guided exercise training demonstrates a significant capacity to ameliorate glycemic indexes among patients with diabetes mellitus comorbid with depression. It not only diminishes depression and anxiety levels but also enhances the expression of 5-HT and NE. Furthermore, it effectively elevates patients' sleep quality and quality of life. These findings underscore the potential of nurse-led exercise interventions for clinical promotion and widespread application.

Maintaining Physical Health in Individuals with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Through Telerehabilitation

Aims To investigate the effects of a telerehabilitation program on walking performance, lower and upper extremity function, fall frequency, respiratory function, and satisfaction in individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Methods Thirty children (mean age 8.8 ± 4.2 years) were ambulant (Group 1), and 12 youth (18.5 ± 4.7 years) were non-ambulant (Group 2). The telerehabilitation program was applied by physiotherapists for 24 sessions (3 days/week). The 10-meter walking test, stand up from the supine position test, the modified upper extremity performance test, repetition of Lower and upper extremity movements, and the single breath count (SBC) test were administered. Fall frequency and satisfaction level were also recorded. Results Significant improvement was found after telerehabilitation in upper extremity performance, repetition of lower and upper extremity movements, fall frequency, and SBC scores in Group 1. Changes in the 10-minute Walk and Stand Up from the Supine Position tests were not significant. There was a significant improvement in SBC scores in Group 2. Satisfaction with the service was 88%. Conclusions The 8-week telerehabilitation program was effective in improving aspects of upper and lower extremity function, fall frequency, pulmonary function, and satisfaction levels in individuals with DMD.

Stress Detection Based on Naïve Bayes Algorithm

Tension is a widespread concern impacting the mental and physical health of individuals, resulting in various health issues. Machine-based learning (ML) has emerged as a favored tool for identifying tension. ML strategies have displayed encouraging outcomes in recognizing trends and attributes from different physiological and behavioral data streams such as heart rate, blood pressure, and vocal signals. The main objective of utilizing ML for tension detection is to offer precise, non-invasive, and economical approaches for early tension identification and intervention. Overall, ML-based tension detection shows substantial potential for delivering an impartial, effective, and expandable strategy for tension monitoring and intervention. Additional exploration is needed to tackle the obstacles linked to data compilation, attribute extraction, and model adaptation to varied populations and scenarios. Keywords: Automated Learning, Simple-minded Bayes, Information, Gloom, Tension.

How and Why Does Social Exclusion Affect Individuals?

This essay explores the various effects of social isolation, emphasizing its psychological, social, and economic repercussions on individuals and society. Based on extensive empirical research, this study investigates the causes of social exclusion, such as cognitive shifts, emotional turmoil, identity conflicts, and economic inequalities. The article shows that social exclusion impacts both the mental and physical health of individuals and contributes to ongoing cycles of adversity, inequality, and social instability. Social exclusion is a widespread problem that weakens community unity and democratic participation. It promotes inclusive policies and structural reforms to tackle its underlying reasons. The essay highlights the significance of comprehending the extensive effects of social exclusion to promote a fairer and more peaceful society.

Eating habits, sleep quality, and lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 crisis: a national survey from Palestine

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic and the consequences of safety measures, such as lockdowns, have impacted not only the physical health of individuals but also their lifestyle, psychosocial health, and mental health. In this analysis, we aimed to explore the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on lifestyle, eating habits, and sleep quality in the Palestinian population. Furthermore, the current study aimed to determine the factors associated with poor sleep.MethodsThe study was carried out between November 2021 and February 2022 after a long lockdown. We adopted a cross-sectional design to achieve the objectives of this study. The questionnaire included information on sociodemographic characteristics and other characteristics. In addition, questions related to lifestyle changes and items related to changes in the consumption of certain types of food were included. Furthermore, in the present study, two scales were used to assess sleep quality: the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).ResultsA total of 978 participants were included in this study; 508 (51.9%) were women, and 465 (47.5%) were aged between 17 and 30 years. 41% of the participants added one meal or more, and almost 43% skipped one meal or more. A total of 39.2% believed that their habits worsened as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. A significant portion of the population increased their vitamin intake by 62.5%. In general, nuts, fast food, fried food, coffee, snacks, cans, and homemade baked foods were consumed at higher rates overall. The median ESS score, which measures general levels of daytime drowsiness, was 20.00 (18.00–22.00). Residency (p = 0.008), living status (p < 0.001), salary (p < 0.001), education level (p = 0.002), job status (p = 0.015), and vitamin intake (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with the ESS score. The PSQI score, which evaluates adult sleep patterns and quality, has a median value of 5.00. (4.00–7.00). Living status (p < 0.001), salary (p = 0.006), job status (p = 0.002), smoking status (p = 0.030), chronic diseases (p = 0.002), and vitamin use (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with the PSQI score. Only taking multivitamins was a predictor of having a lower score on both the ESS (p = 0.001) and PSQI (p < 0.001).ConclusionsOur findings clearly showed that the COVID-19 pandemic has substantially affected the Palestinian population in different aspects of life. We recommend that health authorities and healthcare providers continually share knowledge and awareness about good eating habits, sleep quality, and other aspects of lifestyles.

Força muscular em pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19

Abstract Introduction Complications arising from hospitalization due to COVID-19 have great impact on the physical health of individuals. One of the consequences that deserves attention is muscle weakness, which can be influenced by several factors, generating consequences that may need rehabilitation. Objective To relate the degree of peripheral and respiratory muscle strength to sociodemographic, clinical, and hospitalization variables close to discharge after hospitalization due to COVID-19. Methods This cross-sectional study analyzed data for 52 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 who were interviewed close to discharge to determine sociodemographic and clinical profiles and underwent muscle strength testing. Peripheral muscle strength was evaluated using the Medical Research Council scale, and respiratory strength was determined according to maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressure measured with a vacuometer. Hospitalization data were collected from patient medical records. Results Peripheral strength was reduced in 53.9% of the sample, and the related variables (p &lt; 0.05) were age, weight, cancer, high blood pressure, physical therapy, and number of physiotherapy sessions. Inspiratory force was reduced by 50% of individuals and expiratory force in 60% individuals, and these reductions were related (p &lt; 0.05) to sex, high blood pressure, age, and weight. Conclusion Close to COVID-19 hospital discharge, over 50% of patients exhibited peripheral and respiratory muscle weakness, associated with advanced age, hypertension, and low weight. Those with peripheral weakness received more physiotherapy and had more oncological diseases, while respiratory weakness was more common in men. This underscores the importance of preventive measures and post-hospitalization rehabili-tation programs, including physiotherapy, for muscle strength recovery.

Social aspects of exercising physical activity by young people during the COVID-19 pandemic

Background: To counter the COVIC-19 pandemic, many governments have introduced social distancing measures. While these restrictions have helped contain the virus, they have had an adverse impact on the mental and physical health of individuals, especially children and young people. Material and Methods: The aim of this work is to analyse the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on practising physical activity by students. The research was conducted in October 2020 on students of three universities in Rzeszów. CAWI technique was used for this purpose. In general, 511 respondents took part in the study, but 492 respondents gave full answers. The survey was comprised of 24 questions and included both closed questions (single and multiple choice). Results: Large majority of respondents felt the need to undertake and practise physical activity on a regular basis. The study demonstrates, for instance, whether the study group meets the requirements set out by the World Health Organisation (WHO) for young people with regard to physical activity. The data gathered demonstrated that the students’ physical activity levels decreased as a result of the pandemic. According to own research, less than 70% of students meet the WHO’s requirements regarding practising physical activity, that is minimum 30 minutes throughout a day, and the pandemic affected the way they practise it with regard to 2/3 of the respondents (61.38%). Conclusion: The study demonstrates the reduced physical activity levels among students during the COVID-19 pandemic. This fact highlights the need to promote active lifestyles in the case of pandemic-related restrictions, as higher activity levels are associated with better mental and physical health of young people.

Fear of Covid 19, job stress, life satisfaction, job satisfaction, and burnout

The Covid-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented health crisis that has challenged both institutions and individuals around the world and healthcare workers have been the group most affected by the pandemic. Job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and burnout are interrelated concepts. Life satisfaction is directly affected by the mental and physical health of individuals. This review was written to determine nurses' fear of covid 19, work stress, life satisfaction, job satisfaction, and burnout. The review revealed that there are over 59 million healthcare workers in the world. For this reason, research in this field will guide health workers to prevent burnout, increase professional satisfaction and provide more effective psychological support in the field. Reasons such as heavy and long working hours, insufficient number of nurses, and inadequacy of emergency action plans during the pandemic have negatively affected the mental health of nurses and have caused them to experience burnout. Keywords: Burnout; Covid-19; job; job satisfaction; life satisfaction; nurse; stress.

S3-1 Explorations of physical activity programmes among people with chronic diseases

Abstract Regular physical activity throughout life contributes to optimized mental, social, and physical health of individuals. Yet, a significant ratio of the global population does not meet WHO’s recommended levels of physical activity (WHO, 2022). Promoting physical activity is particularly important among people with chronic diseases, as those longterm noncommunicable conditions are the world’s leading cause of mortality and represent an increasing burden on healthcare systems, economic development, and wellbeing of a large proportion of the population, particularly those aged 50 or above. When a chronic disease is first identified, the health care sector is generally well organized to provide healthcare management of the condition itself, but there isn’t a consistent approach to adopt and maintain a healthy lifestyle as people move back into community settings. Promoting physical activity as part of routine patient care is a particularly important approach for reaching the least active people, and those living with (or at risk of) chronic disease. Although many healthcare professional believe they should play a role in supporting people to be more active there are barriers to doing so in terms of time and know-how. To overcome those barriers, programmes have been developed to bridge health care into community settings with a common goal to optimise the adoption and maintenance of physical activity longterm. These programmes are very diverse according to their location (in- or out- of hospital), their duration, the type and frequency of activity proposed, the level of education of the coaches, or the individual characteristics of each participant. The studies presented in this symposium explore then the effectiveness of physical activity programmes amongst people with chronic diseases. These explorations are carried out using both quantitative and qualitative approaches, in order to identify as accurately as possible the ins and outs of successful and meaningful support. Holistic consideration of the people’s pathway to an active lifestyle is explored in those studies, embracing particularly the concept of physical literacy.

Penyuluhan Pelecehan Seksual Kepada Siswa-Siswi Kelas XII SMK Kartini Batam

This community service is carried out with the aim of helping students of SMK Kartini to understand and comprehend the impacts and dangers that can arise from sexual harassment. Sexual harassment is a serious issue that can endanger the mental and physical health of individuals, especially teenagers. Students of SMK (Vocational High School) belong to a vulnerable group at risk of experiencing sexual harassment. The community service method is implemented through collaboration between speakers, educators, and the school authorities. The first step is to identify issues related to sexual harassment that are relevant to the context of SMK students. Subsequently, appropriate and informative educational materials are developed based on comprehensive and responsible principles of sexual education. Then, the education is conducted through interactive sessions involving presentations, group discussions, case studies, and role-playing games. The educational materials cover understanding the definition of sexual harassment, types of sexual harassment, its impact on the health and well-being of students, prevention strategies, and how to report cases of sexual harassment. This community service is an important initial step in combating sexual harassment among the students of SMK Kartini. Continuous education and collaborative efforts among the school, families, and the community are necessary to create sustainable changes in behavior and attitudes towards sexual harassment. It is expected that the results of this community service will contribute positively to creating a safe, supportive, and harassment-free school environment for the students of SMK Kartini.

Exposure and Reactions to Cancer Treatment Misinformation and Advice: Survey Study.

Cancer treatment misinformation, or false claims about alternative cures, often spreads faster and farther than true information on social media. Cancer treatment misinformation can harm the psychosocial and physical health of individuals with cancer and their cancer care networks by causing distress and encouraging people to abandon support, potentially leading to deviations from evidence-based care. There is a pressing need to understand how cancer treatment misinformation is shared and uncover ways to reduce misinformation. We aimed to better understand exposure and reactions to cancer treatment misinformation, including the willingness of study participants to prosocially intervene and their intentions to share Instagram posts with cancer treatment misinformation. We conducted a survey on cancer treatment misinformation among US adults in December 2021. Participants reported their exposure and reactions to cancer treatment misinformation generally (saw or heard, source, type of advice, and curiosity) and specifically on social media (platform, believability). Participants were then randomly assigned to view 1 of 3 cancer treatment misinformation posts or an information post and asked to report their willingness to prosocially intervene and their intentions to share. Among US adult participants (N=603; mean age 46, SD 18.83 years), including those with cancer and cancer caregivers, almost 1 in 4 (142/603, 23.5%) received advice about alternative ways to treat or cure cancer. Advice was primarily shared through family (39.4%) and friends (37.3%) for digestive (30.3%) and natural (14.1%) alternative cancer treatments, which generated curiosity among most recipients (106/142, 74.6%). More than half of participants (337/603, 55.9%) saw any cancer treatment misinformation on social media, with significantly higher exposure for those with cancer (53/109, 70.6%) than for those without cancer (89/494, 52.6%; P<.001). Participants saw cancer misinformation on Facebook (39.8%), YouTube (27%), Instagram (22.1%), and TikTok (14.1%), among other platforms. Participants (429/603, 71.1%) thought cancer treatment misinformation was true, at least sometimes, on social media. More than half (357/603, 59.2%) were likely to share any cancer misinformation posts shown. Many participants (412/603, 68.3%) were willing to prosocially intervene for any cancer misinformation posts, including flagging the cancer treatment misinformation posts as false (49.7%-51.4%) or reporting them to the platform (48.1%-51.4%). Among the participants, individuals with cancer and those who identified as Black or Hispanic reported greater willingness to intervene to reduce cancer misinformation but also higher intentions to share misinformation. Cancer treatment misinformation reaches US adults through social media, including on widely used platforms for support. Many believe that social media posts about alternative cancer treatment are true at least some of the time. The willingness of US adults, including those with cancer and members of susceptible populations, to prosocially intervene could initiate the necessary community action to reduce cancer treatment misinformation if coupled with strategies to help individuals discern false claims.

Psychosocial support during the COVID-19 pandemic in informal settlements: A Case of Childcare Providers in Nairobi, Kenya

BackgroundThe Covid-19 pandemic has placed a significant burden on psychosocial health and wellbeing of childcare providers. The need to support childcare managers has been recognized. However, there is to date little research specifically on how best to support the mental health needs of childcare providers, and no studies on their own experiences and views about what might be most helpful. We set out to address this research gap by qualitatively exploring the psychosocial experiences of childcare providers in Korogocho and Viwandani informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya. MethodsWe collected data through key informant interviews with thirty-two childcare providers who were recruited purposively from Korogocho and Viwandani informal settlements. We analysed the data using framework analysis. ResultsWe organized the results into six psychosocial support domains derived from themes identified during coding and analysis. As such, experiences and views about psychosocial support were diverse, ranging from self or individual; family and friends; colleagues, peers and teams; organizational; media and the wider public to specialized psychological support services. Colleagues and teams were most childcare centres' first line of support. Notably, like psychosocial support from self, family, organization, media and specialized support services, there were several caveats. Particularly, peer support was described to be a burden to other childcare providers. ConclusionsThere is a need to strengthen psychosocial support from colleagues and teams, as it was the most preferred support. Further, there is a need for preparedness and response plans concerning the psychosocial consequences in an outbreak. As such, organisations, governments and other health and wellbeing actors ought to put measures in place to curb not only the physical health of individuals but also their psychosocial wellbeing as well. We recommend that psychosocial support structures of all nature by key actors in organisations should be kept operating during and beyond a crisis. More research is needed to fully unpack the structural, systemic and individual barriers to accessing psychosocial support during and beyond a pandemic.

Perceived mental and physical health in patients with common cancers: A study using the PROMIS framework in All of Us database.

10619 Background: The self-perception of one's mental and physical health (MH and PH) is of utmost importance for individuals diagnosed with cancer. This study focuses on the assessment of self-perceived mental and physical health (MH and PH) in individuals diagnosed with cancer. The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) framework is used to measure health outcomes, with PROMIS-PH measuring physical well-being and PROMIS-MH measuring mental health status. The study aims to evaluate self-reported mental and physical health of individuals with common cancers in the All of Us database, which includes over 414,000 participants in the US who have completed PROMIS-PH and PROMIS-MH surveys. Methods: We included participants from All of Us dataset version 6, which includes survey data collected between May 6, 2018 and January 1, 2022 who had available electronic health records data (N = 258,188). From the survey data, we calculated PROMIS-PH and PROMIS-MH score in participants with diagnosis code (ICD9/ICD10) of any cancers (N = 36377), breast (N = 5172), prostate (N = 5234), colon (N = 2366), and lung cancer (N = 2338). The study compared scores each cancer groups using Wilcoxon rank sum test, with a significance level of P &lt; 0.05. Analysis was performed in the web-based platform Jupyter Notebook using programming language R. Results: The study calculated PROMIS-MH and PROMIS-PH scores based on two questions, with response options valued from 1 to 5. The higher the score, the higher the level of perceived mental and physical health. Results showed that the mean PROMIS-MH score for all cancers was 7.38, with the highest score of 7.67 in prostate cancer and the lowest score of 7.10 in lung cancer. The mean PROMIS-PH score for all cancers was 7.31, with the highest score of 7.62 in prostate cancer and the lowest score of 6.71 in lung cancer. Prostate cancer group showed the highest PROMIS-PH and PROMIS-MH scores among the four cancer groups (P &lt; 0.05), while participants with lung cancer reported the lowest PROMIS-PH and PROMIS-MH scores (P &lt; 0.05). Additionally, breast cancer had higher PROMIS-MH and PROMIS-PH scores compared to all cancers (P &lt; 0.05), while lung cancer had lower PROMIS-MH and PROMIS-PH scores (P &lt; 0.05). There was no significant difference in PROMIS-MH score between all cancers and colon cancer. Conclusions: These results suggest that individuals with lung cancer may have a lower level of perceived mental and physical health compared to those with other cancers. Further research is needed to understand the underlying causes of these differences and to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions aimed at improving the well-being of individuals with cancer.

Effects of risk exposure on emotional distress among Chinese adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: The moderating role of disruption of life and perceived controllability.

COVID-19 affects not only the physical health of individuals but also their mental health and different types of risk exposures are believed to have different effects on individual emotional distress. This study explores the relationships between risk exposure, disruption of life, perceived controllability, and emotional distress among Chinese adults during the COVID-19 outbreak. This study is based on an online survey conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, from 1 to 10 February 2020, with a total of 2,993 Chinese respondents recruited through convenience and snowball sampling. Multiple linear regression analysis were used to examine the relationships among risk exposure, disruption of life, perceived controllability, and emotional distress. This study found that all types of risk exposures were significantly associated with emotional distress. Individuals with neighborhood infection, family member infection/close contact, and self-infection/close contact had higher levels of emotional distress (B = 0.551, 95% CI: -0.019, 1.121; B = 2.161, 95% CI: 1.067, 3.255; B = 3.240, 95% CI: 2.351, 4.129) than those without exposure. The highest levels of emotional distress occurred among individuals experiencing self-infection/close contact, while the lowest levels of emotional distress occurred among individuals experiencing neighborhood infection and the moderate levels of emotional distress occurred among individuals experiencing family member infection (Beta = 0.137; Beta = 0.073; Beta = 0.036). Notably, the disruption of life aggravated the effect of self-infection/close contact on emotional distress and family member infection/close contact on emotional distress (B = 0.217, 95% CI: 0.036, 0.398; B = 0.205, 95% CI: 0.017, 0.393). More importantly, perceived controllability lowered the strength of the association between self-infection/close contact and emotional distress, as well as family member infection/close contact and emotional distress (B = -0.180, 95% CI: -0.362, 0.002; B = -0.187, 95% CI: -0.404, 0.030). These findings shed light on mental health interventions for people exposed to or infected with COVID-19 near the beginning of the pandemic, particularly those who themselves had COVID or had family members with COVID-19 risk exposure, including being infected/having close contact with an infected person. We call for appropriate measures to screen out individuals or families whose lives were, or remain, more severely affected by COVID-19. We advocate providing individuals with material support and online mindfulness-based interventions to help them cope with the after-effects of COVID-19. It is also essential to enhance the public's perception of controllability with the help of online psychological intervention strategies, such as mindfulness-based stress reduction programs and mindfulness-oriented meditation training programs.

THE ROLE OF FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS IN THE FORMATION OF CHILDREN'S PERSONALITY

The article talks about the formation of the child’s personality in family relationships. It is emphasized that relationships within the family have a significant impact on the mental and physical health of individuals. Relationships within the family shape children as healthy personalities. Children who grow up in the family with relationships based on mutual respect, love, tolerance and self-sacrifice between parents develop healthy personalities. Purpose – to study the influence of the family environment on the formation of a child’s personality, to obtain scientific and theoretical knowledge on the elimination of family conflicts that affect the development of children, refraining from arguments in the presence of children and creating favorable conditions for communication. Methodology – approaches and ideas put forward in classical and modern psychology, applicable to family relationships and their influence on the formation of a child’s personality, theories based on the study of problems related to the development of a child’s personal qualities. Research results – The study analyzed family upbringing, influencing the formation of the personality of children, the attitude of parents to children and the parents among themselves, and positive and negative results were also identified.

The Phenomenon of Personal Self-Attitude in Domestic and Foreign Psychology: System Analysis

A personʼs knowledge of himself and his attitude to this knowledge is the basis of experience and behavior. Having knowledge about the emergence and formation of self-attitude, it is possible to regulate the process of personality formation, which in the conditions of systemic transformation of society and its socio-cultural patterns is important for maintaining the mental and physical health of individuals. On the basis of various points of view in domestic and foreign psychology, the analysis of the phenomenon of self-attitude of the individual is carried out. The purpose of this article is to generalize and systematize the knowledge gained about the phenomenon of personality self-attitude in domestic and foreign psychology. The article analyzes the definitions of the self-attitude of the individual in the works of domestic and foreign psychologists, reveals the features in the definition of this phenomenon, the structure and organization of the components of self-attitude. Based on the results of a systematic analysis of the phenomenon of self-attitude, it is concluded that the formation of a personʼs self-attitude is closely related to the development of selfawareness as a process of forming a general and holistic self-image, that is, the formation of the Self-concept, which determines a person's ability to independent behavior and the choice of their life orientation.

Living with HIV during COVID-19: knowledge and worry about COVID-19, adherence to COVID-19-related precautions, and HIV health outcomes

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has been profound impacts on mental and physical health of individuals with chronic diseases. Thus, it is important to understand the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on people living with HIV. We aimed to assess the association between COVID-19-related knowledge and worry, HIV-related health practices and outcomes, and adherence to precautions related to COVID-19, and possible associations of these factors with HIV treatment outcomes (ART adherence and viral load). A cross-sectional survey was conducted between October 2020 and February 2021 among 291 PLWH at two large university hospital HIV clinics in Izmir, Turkey. Additionally, the most recent HIV-RNA load, CD4 count was recorded using medical records. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine predictors of self-reported adherence to COVID-19-related precautions, ART adherence and undetectable viral load. COVID-19-related worry, COVID-19-related knowledge, and ART adherence were significant predictors of adherence to COVID-19-related precautions. Furthermore, adherence to COVID-19-related precautions was a significant predictor of both ART adherence and undetectable viral load. Findings provide a unique aspect of the interrelations of COVID and living with HIV. Since health behaviors and outcomes for COVID-19 and HIV seem to be interrelated, treatment practices and interventions that address these simultaneously may enhance their efficacy.

Physical health of individuals with psychosis – a mixed method study

People with psychosis have poorer physical health than the general population and this aspect of care delivery has largely been neglected. The IMPULSE trial (ISRCTN 11913964) investigated a psychosocial intervention prompting people with psychosis to discuss their physical health concerns with mental health clinicians. This mixed-method study explored a series of clinical meetings over 6 months to understand how physical health is discussed, what actions are taken, and if these translated into benefits for the participating individuals with psychosis. 221 individuals with psychosis were included, attending 847 clinical meetings over 6 months. Results show that, when prompted, most participants (54%) took up the opportunity to discuss their physical health at least once. These individuals were keen to make changes such as adopt healthy diet, stop smoking, lose weight, etc. Despite taking steps to achieve these goals, after 6 months no improvement was detected in subjective satisfaction with physical health, severity of physical health problems or satisfaction with services. Adopting healthier lifestyle behaviours is difficult even in motivated individuals. Future research is needed to determine innovative approaches to promote lifestyle change in individuals with psychosis.

Dynamic graph convolution neural network based on spatial-temporal correlation for air quality prediction

Air pollution is a serious threat to both the ecological environment and the physical health of individuals. Therefore, accurate air quality prediction is urgent and necessary for pollution mitigation and residents’ travel. However, few existing models are established based on the dynamic spatiotemporal correlation of air pollutants to predict air quality. In this paper, a novel deep learning model combining the dynamic graph convolutional network and the multi-channel temporal convolutional network (DGC-MTCN) is proposed for air quality prediction. To efficiently represent the time-varying spatial dependencies, a new spatiotemporal dynamic correlation calculation method based on gray relation analysis is proposed to construct dynamic adjacency matrices. Then, the spatiotemporal features are sufficiently extracted by the graph convolutional network and the multi-channel temporal convolutional network. Two real-world air quality datasets collected from Beijing and Fushun are applied to verify the performance of our proposed model. The experimental results show that compared with other baselines, the DGC-MTCN model has excellent prediction accuracy. Especially for the prediction of multi-step and different stations, our model performs better temporal stability and generalization ability.