Physical Environmental Conditions Research Articles

The composite drought index incorporated solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence enhances the monitoring capability of short-term drought

Understanding the response of vegetation to drought is significant for socio-economic development and biodiversity conservation. However, due to the complexity of drought, relying only on one approach, such as the surrounding physical environmental conditions or specific vegetation characteristics, does not yield precise results. To address this challenge, composite drought indices incorporating normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and other multiple variables, have been developed and shown promising effectiveness in drought detection. Compared to NDVI, solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) decreases due to the increased non-photochemical quenching and reduced photosynthesis during short-term drought stress. This indicates a direct association between SIF and vegetation photosynthesis, offering advantages over NDVI in capturing drought effects. Nevertheless, SIF has not yet been fully integrated into composite drought indices. Therefore, this study focuses on assessing the advantages of SIF for short-term drought monitoring by constructing a new composite drought index (CPDI) using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method. Subsequently, CPDI is employed to forecast future drought conditions. Overall, CPDI performs exceptionally well as a composite drought index in drought trend analysis and drought event identification, indeed advancing the monitoring capability for short-term drought. Furthermore, the incorporation of SIF in CPDI, obtained from various data sources provides more timely monitoring of drought events, while the CPDI with NDVI reflects the cumulative effect of drought conditions over a longer period. In the future, it is potential to utilize the benefits of SIF in constructing drought indices or combine it with NDVI for comprehensive drought characterization.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PHYSICAL CONDITION OF THE HOME ENVIRONMENT AND HISTORY OF DISEASE WITH THE INCIDENCE OF TUBERCULOSIS IN THE WORKING AREA OF THE RANGKASBITUNG HEALTH CENTER IN 2023

This study aims to determine the relationship between the physical condition of the home environment and history of disease with the incidence of tuberculosis or pulmonary tuberculosis in the work area of the Rangkasbitung Health Center in 2023. This study is a descriptive correlation study with cross sectional design, which is research that explores the relationship between the physical condition of the house and the behavior of residents towards the incidence of tuberculosis. The type of data used is primary data, from the results of questionnaires and secondary data obtained from recording and reporting TB patient visit data at the Rangkasbitung Health Center. Data analysis in the study, using univariate analysis with positive TB incidence results (69.2%); Bivariate analysis showed a relationship between home air circulation and the incidence of tuberculosis (P<0.028), occupancy density (P<0.011), lighting (P<0.015), humidity (P<0.020), education (P<0.002), employment (P<0.006), and smoking (P<0.009); and humidity factor being the dominant factor with the largest OR (OR=28.579). The results of the cross-sectional test in the study, showed a significant relationship between the physical condition of the home environment and the history of disease with the incidence of tuberculosis in the work area of the Rangkasbitung Health Center. Suggestions in this study are the need for education related to environmental factors and behaviors that cause tuberculosis, such as counseling about healthy homes with qualified ventilation, good lighting, good humidity, occupancy in an adequate place, and reducing cigarette use habits. Other factors that need to be improved, in order to support the reduction in TB prevalence rates, namely education and employment factors. Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis must also be given understanding, related must always be tried to be in a place that has adequate air ventilation and good humidity, in order to reduce the risk of the severity of TB disease which can lead to death or the duration of the treatment process.

Antarctic station Vostok as an analogue of a future lunar base: physiological reactions of the human cardiorespiratory system during a year-long exposure to the conditions of hypobaric hypoxia, isolation and hypokinesia

A number of physiological investigations focused on human cardiorespiratory system have been conducted at Vostok station in Central Antarctica during the wintering of 2019.During the one-year expedition at the Vostok station, the cardiorespiratory system gradually adapted to the unusual conditions of life and work in the isolated, confined and extreme (ICE) environment of Central Antarctica.We hypothesized that during a long stay in the conditions of the Central Antarctica the adaptation strategy to physical environmental conditions for representatives of two age groups will differ, which will be evident from the dynamics of indicators of the functioning of the cardiovascular system and when assessing the autonomic nervous system status.The level of blood oxygen saturation stabilized by the second month and was in the range of 86.0-91.0%, which corresponded to a reduced partial pressure of oxygen in the inhaled air. In terms of the respiratory system, central sleep apnea was noted in all subjects throughout the study. Quantitative analysis revealed that the average number of apneas per hour was 43, and their average duration was 25.2 seconds. The maximum apnea number was recorded at the beginning and middle of wintering, while before the end of the expedition the episodes became rarer. In all age groups there was a shortening of the PQ interval, with a tendency towards normalization by the end of wintering, while in the first age group the shortening of the interval was more significant than in the second, which apparently can be explained by a more pronounced active reaction of the sympathetic nervous system of polar explorers of the first age group.Adaptive Potential Index (API) level remained practically unchanged throughout the wintering period in 9 out of 11 members of the expedition. The API value was predominantly in the range from 2.11 to 3.20 points, which corresponds to the level of “adaptation stress”. The autonomous nervous system (ANS) status was assessed by Kerdo Index (KI) values. KI positive dynamic was noted in 90% of cases by the 5th month of wintering. A direct correlation was found between the degree of positive shift in the KI value and the age of the participant. The gained results do not allow us to state that ANS has fully adapted to the conditions of life and work at the station. The results of this investigation demonstrate stable and positive adaptation trend to the ICE environment of Central Antarctica throughout the study period, regardless of age and wintering experience.

Physical-Environmental Characterization of Areas for the Cultivation of Guaraná (Paullinia cupana) in Bahia, Brazil

Brazil is the world's leading producer of guarana and Bahia is the largest producing state, which suggests the need for cultivation planning. In this study, the physical-environmental factors of six municipalities in Lower Southern Bahia, Brazil were characterized to identify favorable areas for guarana cultivation. A database with the basic physical-environmental conditions was used to characterize and identify such areas. As described in the literature, the thresholds of conditioning factors for successful cultivation were selected using Structured Query Language (SQL) based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS), with logical operators and overlay tools. The factors considered in the analysis were soils (drainage and texture), climate (precipitation and temperature), and topography (slope). The results indicate the existence of favorable areas for guarana cultivation in Lower Southern Bahia, Brazil, which can significantly contribute to the planning and optimization of fruit cultivation in the region. A total of 23,489.7 hectares were considered favorable areas for guarana cultivation. This value is double the area allocated for cultivation in Brazil and more than four times the area allocated for harvesting in Bahia.

Feasibility Study of Homestay Management in Rural Villages (Tebat Meringang Lame, South Sumatra)

This research aims to identify the current management conditions and assess the feasibility of developing homestays in Tebat Lereh Meringang Lame tourist village, South Sumatra. The research methodology involved interviews and observations with informants, including homestay managers and administrators of tourism awareness groups. The study revealed that only one person can manage each homestay in the tourist village. The same person may have multiple roles, such as receptionist, room attendant, and kitchen manager. The feasibility of developing homestays in the village depends on physical environmental conditions, such as landscape characteristics, cool air, and an authentic rural atmosphere, as well as the uniqueness of Ghumah Baghi architecture and the hospitality of Basemah Malay culture. It is recommended that the number of personnel in each homestay be increased according to workload standards. The required skills for this position include reception and room attendance, food management, and improving local literacy about Ghumah Baghi.

Parameterizing Raindrop Formation Using Machine Learning

Abstract Raindrop formation processes in warm clouds mainly consist of condensation and collision–coalescence of small cloud droplets. Once raindrops form, they can continue growing through collection of cloud droplets and self-collection. In this study, we develop novel emulators to represent raindrop formation as a function of various physical or background environmental conditions by using a sophisticated aerosol–cloud model containing 300 droplet size bins and machine learning methods. The emulators are then implemented in two microphysics schemes in the Weather Research and Forecasting Model and tested in two idealized cases. The simulations of shallow convection with the emulators show a clear enhancement of raindrop formation compared to the original simulations, regardless of the scheme in which they were embedded. On the other hand, the simulations of deep convection show a more complex response to the implementation of the emulators, in terms of the changes in the amount of rainfall, due to the larger number of microphysical processes involved in the cloud system (i.e., ice-phase processes). Our results suggest the potential of emulators to replace the conventional parameterizations, which may allow us to improve the representation of physical processes at an affordable computational expense. Significance Statement Formation of raindrops marks a critical stage in cloud evolution. Accurate representations of raindrop formation processes require detailed calculations of cloud droplet growth processes. These calculations are often not affordable in weather and climate models as they are computationally expensive due to their complex dependence on cloud droplet size distributions and dynamical conditions. As a result, simplified parameterizations are more frequently used. In our study we trained machine learning models to learn raindrop formation rates from detailed calculations of cloud droplet evolutions in 1000 parcel-model simulations. The implementation of the developed models or the emulators in a weather forecasting model shows a change in the total rainfall and cloud characteristics, indicating the potential improvement of cloud representations in models if these emulators replace the conventional parameterizations.

5-Year-Old Children Performing Piaget’s Liquid Conservation Tasks Demonstrated in Physical and Digital Environment

This study investigates the understanding of Piaget's concept of liquid conservation in 5-year-old children, comparing physical and digital environments of executing conservation tasks. Involving 86 participants (equal gender representation), it employs an Android tablet to demonstrate the pouring of water between glasses with animated images in a digital environment condition and real glasses (one short-wide and one long-narrow) filled with water for the physical environment condition. Each child completed four distinct conservation tasks, each one 3 times, designed to parallel each other in both environments. Two of the tasks concerned the general concept of conservation, and the other two were either about identity or compensation or reversibility concepts. The study aims to determine whether digital environments can be as effective as physical ones in teaching fundamental conservation concepts, exploring the impact of emerging digital learning tools versus traditional methods. Another objective of this study is to find associations between the general concept of conservation and the three other concepts: identity, compensation, and reversibility. This research contributes to the understanding of cognitive development in children and the efficacy of digital versus physical learning aids by verifying that children perceive physical and virtual learning with the same effectiveness.

Protocol for an observational study of working conditions and musculoskeletal health in Swedish online retail warehousing from the perspective of sex/gender and place of birth.

European and International sustainable development agendas aim to reduce inequalities in working conditions and work-related health, yet disparate occupational health outcomes are evident between both men and women and domestic- and foreign-born workers. In Sweden, major growth in online retail warehousing has increased occupational opportunities for foreign-born workers. The rapid change has left research lagging on working conditions, i.e., employment conditions, facility design, work organisation, physical and psychosocial work environment conditions, and their effects on worker health. Further, no known studies have considered patterns of inequality related to these factors. The overall aim of this study is to describe working conditions and musculoskeletal health in online retail warehousing, determine the extent to which differences exist related to sex/gender and place of birth (as a proxy for race/ethnicity), and examine factors at the organisational and individual levels to understand why any differences exist. Three online retail warehouses, each employing 50-150 operations workers performing receiving, order picking, order packing and dispatching tasks will be recruited. Warehouses will, to the extent possible, differ in their extent of digital technology use. Employment conditions, facility design (including digital tool use), work organisation, physical and psychosocial work environment conditions and worker health will be assessed by survey, interview and technical measurements. Analysis of quantitative data stratified by sex and place of birth will consider the extent to which inequalities exist. Focus group interviews with operations employees and in-depth interviews with managers, union and health and safety representatives will be conducted to assess how employee working conditions and musculoskeletal health are related to inequality regimes of sex/gender and/or race/ethnicity in organisational processes and practices in online retail warehousing. The study is pre-registered with the Open Science Framework. This study will describe working conditions and health in online retail warehouse workers and consider the extent to which patterns of inequality exist based on sex/gender and place of birth.

POTENTIAL HAZARDS AND RISK FACTORS OF THE WORK ENVIRONMENT IN THE FOUNDRY INDUSTRY X

Background: Workers have a risk of work accidents and Occupational Diseases (PAK) caused by the work process, behavior at work, and the work environment. Identification of potential hazards and risk assessment is the first step to find hazards in the workplace and then carry out control measures to create a safe and healthy workplace.
 Objective: Knowing potential hazards, environmental risk values, and physical working conditions in the Metal Casting Industry of X.
 Method: The method used in this study is a descriptive survey. The number of samples in this study were 36 workers. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation activities using sheetsJob Safety Analysis (JSA) and risk assessment sheets, interviews using interview guides, and measurements of physical working conditions usingenvironment meter. The data analysis carried out is descriptive analysis which provides an overview of potential hazards and environmental risk values.
 Results: Overall there are 54 potential hazards in the production process at CV Dwi Jaya Logam which consist of a wet mold making process, there are 12 potential hazards, dry mold making CO method2 there are 10 potential hazards, metal smelting has 20 potential hazards, pouring molten metal into the mold has 6 potential hazards, and disassembling the mold has 6 potential hazards. There are 28 potential hazards in the production process at CV Mulya Jaya consisting of grinding there are 6 potential hazards, cutting iron using a saw machine there are 2 potential hazards, drilling there are 6 potential hazards, turning there are 4 potential hazards, making holes using machinesscrap there are 3 potential hazards, the formation of workpieces using machinesmilling there are 2 potential hazards, welding has 3 potential hazards, and product painting has 2 potential hazards. Overall, the physical working environment conditions in the form of temperature and lighting at CV Dwi Jaya Logam and CV Mulya Jaya did not meet the requirements, while the results of noise measurements at the two locations met the requirements.
 Conclusion: Potential hazards found in the metal casting industry CV Dwi Jaya Logam, namely 54 potential hazards which are divided into 2 levels of risklow, 10 levels of riskmoderate, 30 levels of risk high, and 12 levels of riskextreme. CV Mulya Jaya Metal casting industry identified 28 potential hazards divided into 4 risk levelslow, 4 levels of riskmoderate, 12 levels of risk high, and 8 levels of riskextreme. These potential hazards come from the physical work environment (temperature, lighting, and noise) and the production process at each work step. The results of measurements of the physical working environment in the form of temperature do not meet the requirements according to the Regulation of the Minister of Manpower of the Republic of Indonesia No. 5 of 2018, the average lighting measurement results are also . do not meet the requirements according to Regulation of the Minister of Health No. 70 of 2016, and the average noise measurement results meet the requirements according to the Indonesian Minister of Manpower Regulation No. 5 of 2018.

The role of acid-base balance in the training of athletes

The article raises the importance of studying the biochemistry of sports in the formation of the professional competences of sports coaches, acquiring the knowledge they will need when training athletes, making corrections in the educational and training process. Knowing how to carry out biochemical control in the training of athletes plays an important role. There is acid-alkaline balance, blood pH one of the informative objective indicators. The pH level is a direct indicator of the body's response to exercise. Establishing correlations between pH and biochemical blood parameters makes it possible to balance the educational and training process.
 A shift in the body's pH to an acidic side indicates that the athlete is unable to perform physical activities at the proper level. There is a correlation between performance in competitions and an athlete's blood pH. Indicators of the acid-alkaline balance make it possible to adjust the diet, normalize the pH of the body by other means, and, if necessary, eliminate stressful situations.
 To alkalize the human body, taking into account the results of research, it is necessary to consume alkaline food, drink a sufficient amount of water, as well as mineralized water, taking into account the performance of physical activities and environmental conditions.
 Coaches need to pay more attention to passing biochemical control, in particular, testing the pH of athletes' bodies during the training and competition period. This will make it possible to avoid mistakes when planning the educational and training process, not to harm the health of athletes and more effectively prepare them for competitive activities, as well as to form eating habits of athletes to ensure acid-alkaline balance in the body.

Enhancing Agricultural Ecological Efficiency in China: An Evolution and Pathways under the Carbon Neutrality Vision

Under China’s carbon neutrality vision, the integration of resource consumption and ecological protection in agricultural production requires increased attention to agroecology. This study comprehensively integrates the carbon impact within agricultural ecological efficiency (AEE). Based on the window analysis of super-SBM-undesirable and geographically and temporally weighted regression (GTWR) models, AEE and its influencing factors in China’s 31 provinces from 2000 to 2021 are measured, and then types categorized, mechanisms investigated, and optimization pathways provided. The results revealed that from 2000 to 2021, the AEE showed a growing trend, with the spatial agglomeration degree increased. Its gravity center presented a migration path of “northeast–southwest”. Driven by internal and external mechanisms, both agricultural production conditions and regional socio-economic conditions had a stronger positive effect and wider range of promotion on China’s AEE, and the positive contribution of physical environmental conditions decreased, while the inhibitory effect increased. Furthermore, this study divided three zones and emphasized that the agri-ecological power zone plays a demonstrative role in carbon sequestration and efficiency improvement, the eco-pollution balance zone needs to strike a balance between economic development and agricultural ecological development, and the agri-pollution power zone ought to reduce agricultural carbon emissions and mitigate its environmental impact.

Comparison of the Property Players’ Preferences on Housing Prices in Surabaya

A landed house is a real estate product that is used to fulfill consumption or investment motives. This study was conducted to compare the preferences of developers, consumers, and investors for housing prices in Surabaya on both motives. Respondents were selected by purposive sampling and obtained 417 respondents. Data collection through questionnaires was conducted offline to developers and online to consumers and investors. Test data used Kendall concordance and Kruskal Wall test to analyze the comparison of developer, consumer, and investor preferences. The results showed that the three players had different preference variables on house prices in Surabaya related to physical quality, brand, location concept, location environment, financial condition, and livability. Developers focus on products (physical quality and housing concept) and brands. Consumers prioritize physical quality, location environment, and financial condition. Furthermore, investors prioritize the physical and environmental quality of the location. Physical quality is a key preference among developers, consumers, and investors. These findings indicate that each party has their own prioritized interests, so their preferences differ according to their motives.

ANALISA SISTEM INFORMASI PERSEDIAAN MASUK DAN KELUAR BARANG GUDANG PADA CV. CIPTA USAHA NAGARI

Any business, whether manufacturing, trading, or providing services, needs to have inventory to do business. A company's production performance is usually stored temporarily before being sent to consumers. So storing goods in a warehouse is very important because it greatly influences customer satisfaction (Olivia Audrey et al., 2019). Service is a type of facility that all businesses offer to keep their customers there. Good service has a positive impact on a business because when consumers are satisfied with the services provided by a business, these consumers will make repeat purchases and consumers can recommend business locations that offer these services (Sihombing, 2020). The methodology in this research is descriptive and qualitative. Descriptive research is the main focus used to investigate a condition, situation, or other event. Qualitative research is a main focus used to understand human or social phenomena through a way of creating or making comprehensive and complex pictures that can also be explained using words and to provide an overview. This research aims to observe the system scheme that runs for the process of entering oil goods at the CV warehouse. Create Nagari Business. Conclusion From the results of observations made by the author, it can be concluded that the activities of receiving and releasing goods and the recording process may not be in harmony because the existing system is not capable of carrying out these activities. This can happen due to several factors such as poor service systems, lack of access to outgoing information, and incoming information, storage of goods, as well as inappropriate physical environmental conditions for the goods being stored.

Effects of Physical Properties and Environmental Conditions on the Natural Dispersion of Oil

The natural dispersion of oil depends on the oil types, wave-mixing energy, and the temperature and salinity of water. Laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of these factors on oil dispersion. The results demonstrated that the increase in temperature significantly enhanced the oil dispersion efficiency, particularly for low-viscosity oils. At 30 °C, the dispersion efficiency is 2 times higher than that at 15 °C, while salinity has no significant effect on dispersion efficiency. Nonlinear fitting results revealed an exponential increase in dispersion efficiency with the energy dissipation rate. Furthermore, partial correlation analysis was employed to examine the effects of oil density, viscosity, and surface tension on dispersion efficiency. The results indicated a high correlation between density, viscosity, and dispersion efficiency (r = −0.801, r = −0.812), whereas the correlation coefficient of surface tension was low (r = −0.286). Based on these findings, linear and nonlinear regression models were established between dispersion efficiency and density and viscosity, enabling a rough estimation of oil spill dispersion efficiency under low sea state conditions.

Analyzing Near-Miss Incidents and Risky Riding Behavior in Thailand: A Comparative Study of Urban and Rural Areas

Preventing near-miss incidents is considered a proactive measure, as it aims to prevent events that have a risk of resulting in accidents. This is regarded as a vital component of building a sustainable and secure society within communities. In the present day, low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) often experience the highest fatality rates from motorcycle accidents, which frequently involve mixed traffic scenarios with other vehicles. The distinct physical characteristics and environmental conditions of roads in urban and rural areas significantly contribute to different riding behaviors. Therefore, the objective of this study is to develop a behavioral model related to near-miss incidents among motorcycle riders in both urban and rural regions using multi-group structural equation modeling (SEM). Data collected from six Thai regions via adapted MRBQ assessed control errors, violations, and safety equipment use in a sample of 2002 riders (1066 urban, 936 rural). Through parameter invariance testing, differences in factor loadings, intercepts, and structural paths were identified between urban and rural areas. All three of these factors significantly influenced near-miss incidents among motorcycle riders in both urban and rural areas. The policy recommendations resulting from this study can contribute to enhancing safety measures for motorcycle riders.

DAMPAK PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA TERHADAP KONDISI LINGKUNGAN PESISIR DAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGANNYA DI PANTAI YEH GANGGA, KABUPATEN TABANAN

The Tabanan Regency Government has established Yeh Gangga Beach as one of the tourist attractions. Tourism development will certainly have an impact on the physical, social and economic environment of the local community as well as for the tourism area itself. So it is necessary to conduct research on how much tourism impact the physical environment and the social and economic communities on the coast of Yeh Gangga Beach. The method used in this research is mixed, using two types of data, namely quantitative data related to population data and questionnaire results, as well as qualitative data through observation and interview methods related to data on the physical environment and socio-economic conditions of tourism. The analysis method to formulate alternative strategies that can be applied in the development of Yeh Gangga Beach is done by SWOT analysis. Tourism development is in line with the construction of tourism support facilities. There are changes in the coastline in the form of accretion caused by the construction of trails and there are two river mouths large enough to cause sedimentation. The river water quality is still classified as good and has a parameter value that is not much different because it has almost the same water activity. Tourism development on Yeh Gangga Beach has positively impacted the local community’s economy and income, with changes in livelihoods and income. The calculation results of the strength factor obtained a score value of 1.96 and a weakness value score of 0.91 with a score difference of +1.04. then the opportunity factor obtained a score value of 2.01 and a threat value score of 0.66 with a difference of +1.35 so that Positive-Positive (+, +) results were obtained, namely in Quadrant I. This position indicates that internal strengths and environmental conditions support tourism development so strategic recommendations are given by way of internal strengths and environmental conditions that support tourism development. This position indicates that the internal is strong and the environmental conditions support tourism development, SO the strategy recommendations are given by making the most of the strengths and opportunities possessed.
 Keywords: Environment, Tourism, Impact, Development Strategy

Assessment of the potential of organic land for food crops and horticulture in the tropical areas to support SDGS

Directives for commodity development must take into account ideal land use. Land degradation will result from poor land management practices that go beyond the land’s carrying capacity. territory use planning for the growth of certain commodities is part of the direction of commodity development in a territory. The matching technique and the scoring method are the two main approaches that are typically used to evaluate land capabilities. The matching approach compares and matches land features with criteria for the land capacity classes to determine potential in each specific unit using tabular analytic techniques. The criteria for land suitability classes for food crops, namely rice, and horticulture crops, specifically snakefruit, were matched with climate data, data from observations in the field (physical environmental conditions), and data from laboratory study. The value of the Lumajang Regency’s land potential index was calculated and ranged from potential class II (high) to potential class V (extremely low). Potential class IV (low) covers an area of 21,852.20 ha or 12%, class V (very low) area of 883.13 ha, and class II (height) covers an area of 30,318.18 ha or 17% of the entire area of Lumajang Regency. Potential class III (middle) is the biggest class, encompassing 128,090.41 hectares or 70%. The Padang and Sumbersuko sub-districts include the majority of the potential class II regions, while Randuagung, Klakah, Kedungjajang, Gucialit, Senduro, Pasrujambe, Sukodono, and Pasirian sub-districts have part of the remaining class II areas.

The Relationship of Personal Hygiene and Physical Environmental Conditions with Scabies Symptoms

Introduction: Scabies is a contagious skin disease caused by the female tick Sarcoptes Scabiei Varieta Hominis which belongs to the Arachnida group. Scabies can occur in countries with tropical and subtropical climates Obective: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between personal hygiene and environmental conditions with scabies symptoms at Al-Mubarak Islamic Boarding School in Jambi City. Method: This study used an analytical observational method with a Cross Sectional approach, the sample in this study were 85 respondents using simple random sampling. Result and Discussion: The results of this study showed a significant relationship between skin and hand hygiene (p = 0.001), towel hygiene (p = 0.033) with scabies symptoms. There is no relationship between clothing hygiene (p = 0.109) with scabies symptoms. Proportion of physical environmental conditions (clean water facilities, ventilation, occupancy density, humidity) that do not meet requirements 100%. Conclusion: Variables associated with scabies symptoms are skin and hand hygiene, and towel hygiene. Variables that are not associated with scabies symptoms are clothing hygiene. It is recommended to the boarding school to add exhaust fans and also pay attention to the clean water facilities used and the students to maintain personal hygiene such as routine bathing 2x a day, drying clothes and towels in the sun

The Influence of Educational Infrastructure and Motivation on the Performance of Junior High School Teachers in Bandar Negeri Suoh District

Performance is a work ability or work achievement demonstrated by an employee to obtain optimal work results. There are several factors that can improve teacher performance, including salary, facilities and infrastructure, physical working environment conditions, and leadership. Supporting facilities and infrastructure will be able to assist teachers in carrying out their duties. Facilities are all equipment, materials and furniture that are directly used in the educational process at school. Apart from that, the teacher motivation factor must also be good. Therefore, the aim of this research is to determine the influence of educational infrastructure and motivation on the performance of junior high school teachers in Bandar Negeri Suoh District, West Lampung Regency, Lampung Province, both partially and simultaneously. This research uses quantitative research methods, as well as an Explanatory Survey approach. The population of this research is all junior high school teachers in Bandar Negeri Suoh sub-district, West Lampung. Determining the sample size used the Slovin formula, so that 45 teachers were obtained as research samples. The data collection technique in this research is using a questionnaire prepared using a Likert scale. The data analysis methods used are classical assumption tests and multiple linear regression analysis with coefficient of determination hypothesis tests, partial tests and simultaneous tests. Based on the research results, it was found that 1) educational infrastructure had a significant positive effect on the performance of junior high school teachers in Bandar Negeri Suoh District; 2) motivation has a significant positive effect on the performance of junior high school teachers in Bandar Negeri Suoh District; and (3) Simultaneously, educational infrastructure and motivation have a significant positive effect on the performance of junior high school teachers in Bandar Negeri Suoh District.

An interpretable machine learning model of cross-sectional U.S. county-level obesity prevalence using explainable artificial intelligence.

There is considerable geographic heterogeneity in obesity prevalence across counties in the United States. Machine learning algorithms accurately predict geographic variation in obesity prevalence, but the models are often uninterpretable and viewed as a black-box. The goal of this study is to extract knowledge from machine learning models for county-level variation in obesity prevalence. This study shows the application of explainable artificial intelligence methods to machine learning models of cross-sectional obesity prevalence data collected from 3,142 counties in the United States. County-level features from 7 broad categories: health outcomes, health behaviors, clinical care, social and economic factors, physical environment, demographics, and severe housing conditions. Explainable methods applied to random forest prediction models include feature importance, accumulated local effects, global surrogate decision tree, and local interpretable model-agnostic explanations. The results show that machine learning models explained 79% of the variance in obesity prevalence, with physical inactivity, diabetes, and smoking prevalence being the most important factors in predicting obesity prevalence. Interpretable machine learning models of health behaviors and outcomes provide substantial insight into obesity prevalence variation across counties in the United States.