Elementary School Physical Education Research Articles

Efeitos de 15 minutos de exercícios físicos na aptidão física de adolescentes: Estudo de protocolo

Overweight, obesity, and low physical fitness (PF) are conditions associated with physical and mental health problems in children and adolescents. Schools and physical education (PE) classes provide ideal environments for promoting physical exercise, improving levels of PF, and preventing obesity in this population. This article outlines the protocol of an experimental study whose primary objective is to assess the effects of a 15-minute physical exercise program implemented during elementary school physical education classes on PF and anthropometric markers of overweight and obesity (AMOO). Enrolled students in 6th to 9th-grade classes within rural elementary schools located in a Southern city in Brazil will participate of the study. The participants will be randomized into the intervention group and control group. The intervention will last for 12 weeks with two sessions per week. Various components of PF and AMOO will be the primary dependent variables. Physical activity level, recreational screen time, sleep duration, physical self-concept, motivation for participating in PE classes, symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress will be secondary dependent variables. Sociodemographic information and somatic maturation will serve as covariates. All variables will be measured pre and post-intervention. The study’s findings will contribute to a better understanding of the potential of school PE classes to improve PF, AMOO, and, secondarily, health-related behaviors, motivation for participating in PE classes, and the mental health of students.

Emotional Skills with Homogeneity Psycho Cognition Strategy: A Study of Physical Education in Elementary Schools

The emotional skills of elementary school students in physical education subjects are still minimal. Therefore, a deeper exploration in this study was conducted to uncover it. This study aims to analyze the relationship of emotional intelligence with homogeneity psycho cognition strategies in physical education students in elementary schools. This study aims to analyze the relationship between emotional skills and homogeneity psycho cognition strategies in the physical education of elementary school students. The results showed a relationship between emotional skills and homogeneity psycho cognition strategies in physical education subjects. Some factors cause the absence of a relationship between physical education and homogeneity psycho cognition strategies of elementary school students. The results showed a relationship between emotional skills and homogeneity psycho cognition supported by adequate collaboration and emotional by all students. Other factors are reduced or limited interaction between students and the learning environment, aggravated by an economic burden that causes parents' emotional problems that impact children's emotions. Therefore, homogeneity psycho cognition can be recommended in physical education learning to improve the emotional skills of elementary school students. Key words: Emotional Skills; HPC; Physical education; Elementary schools

Applicability of Physical Education Learning Sports and Health (PJOK) Primary School in the Independent Curriculum

In this research, the evaluation model used is the Discrepancy model. The subjects of this research were school principals, PJOK teachers and students at four schools in Kapanewon Ngaglik. Data collection techniques use questionnaires and interviews. The sample in this study included 4 school principals, 6 PJOK teachers and 4 students. The data analysis technique in this research is quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis. The research instrument was validated through expert judgment. Content validity is proven by the V-Aiken Index coefficient with a result of 0.88 so it can be said to be valid. Meanwhile, the Cronbach's Coefficient Alpha reliability estimate is 0.904 (more than 0.07), so it is reliable and calculated with the help of SPSS. The results of the research show that the evaluation of the implementation of elementary school physical education, sports and health learning in the independent curriculum in four schools in Kapanewon Ngaglik is in the "Good" category. The results of the principal instrument analysis with a mean of 78.00, the assessment results with a percentage of 50% in the "Good" category are there (2 school principals), the "fair" category with a percentage of 25% are there (1 school principal) and the "poor" category. with a percentage of 25% there (1 principal). Then the results of the PJOK teacher instrument analysis with a mean of 58.00, assessment results with a percentage of 50% in the "good" category are (3 teachers), in the "fair" category with a percentage of 17% there are (1 teacher), and the "sufficient" category ” with a percentage of 33% there (2 teachers)

Educational Interactive Video Content as a Media Contemporary Learning for Physical Education Teachers

Teachers still need to gain an understanding of audio-visual-based learning media. How to make learning media, especially interactive videos. Teachers need to develop skills in creating and developing interactive learning videos that support learning activities. This training combines expository methods, demonstrations, and independent practice. This community service activity is carried out to provide training and experience through socialization and a direct approach to elementary school Physical Education teachers. This activity is carried out to increase teachers' knowledge and skills regarding learning media, in this case, interactive learning videos. Besides feeling the benefits of the action, the teachers hope there will be similar follow-up activities, such as training in making learning evaluations with google forms, training in making learning videos and optimizing the making of broadcast materials for learning materials.

Portrait of the Assessment Practices of Physical Education Teachers in Quebec: Reporting and Grading

Purpose: To gain a better understanding of the assessment practices currently implemented by Quebec physical education teachers regarding reporting and grading. Method: Exploratory mixed-methods study using semistructured interviews (n = 13), interviews to the double (n = 12), and a questionnaire (n = 164) with elementary and high school physical education teachers. Results: Participants use different strategies to report student performance. When grading, their strategy is to combine a mathematical approach with their professional judgment. They often consider all the marks taken during a learning and assessment situation and not only those taken at the end of it. Discussion/Conclusions: The main finding of this study is that teachers’ reporting and grading practices are subjective. We discuss how our results show the subjectivity in teachers’ practices and possible explanations for it, and then conclude by trying to understand how to make assessment in physical education more objective.

“Know Your Kids, Understand Yourself, and Find a Way”: One Elementary School Physical Education Teacher’s Efforts at Employing Character Education

Background: Research concerning the philosophy of character education has been largely inadequate and anticlimactic. Purpose: Informed by a combination of emergent, novel, and nontraditional techniques, the purpose of this study is to describe one elementary school physical education teacher’s efforts at employing character education. Method: The participant was Paris, a White, abled-bodied female with 41 years’ experience. Utilizing an exploratory case study design, data were collected with eight interpretive techniques and analyzed using thematic methods. Findings: Paris employed a “content-based approach” to teaching character education and taught the moral content of human flourishing, virtue, and practical wisdom via jump rope, rock climbing, and parachute-based physical education content. Her character pedagogies of affect were explicit and implicit in nature and shaped around the skills themes, multiskill, and multiactivity pedagogical models. The factors influencing Paris’ efforts were identified. Conclusion: This study contributes to the affective literature from a theoretical, methodological, and practical perspective.

Preliminary Program Evaluation of Pocket PE 3-5™, A User-Friendly Digital Application for Teacher Skills Training and Physical Education Activities for Third- to Fifth-Grade Elementary Students.

In the United States, many classroom teachers also teach physical education (PE). However, there is a dearth of evidence- and standard-based PE programs designed to support classroom teachers to deliver PE effectively in schools. The purpose of this study was to establish proof-of-concept for the Pocket PE 3-5 digital app in school settings with 10 third- to fifth-grade classroom teachers. We assessed fidelity of program implementation, measured via observations of PE quality. Students used wrist-worn heart rate monitors during Pocket PE 3-5 lessons to measure time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity. Program feasibility was primarily assessed through teacher-reported surveys of usability, satisfaction, and acceptability and exit interviews. Mean PE observation scores were 18.6 (SD = 1.5) on a scale of 5 to 20. On average, students spent 56.7% (SD = 13.1%) of class time engaging in moderate to vigorous physical activity. Mean survey scores, reported on a 5-point scale, were 4.5 (SD = 0.6) for acceptability, 4.8 (SD = 0.4) for usability, and 4.7 (SD = 0.7) for satisfaction. Teachers liked how easy the app was to use but mentioned some technological challenges. This program evaluation study established the proof-of-concept for the Pocket PE 3-5 elementary school PE program.

A Systematic Review on Teaching Physical Activity in Elementary School Physical Education

PURPOSE This study analyzed research on physical activities for elementary school students 1st and 2nd-graders to explore teachers’ perceptions and instructional practices in physical activity classes.METHODS Twelve studies published in academic journals conducted between 2000 to 2022 were selected for analysis.RESULTS The research articles were categorized into three domains: perception of physical activity in lower grades, operational features, and factors influencing practices from a didactic perspective. Challenges identified include dilemmas between curriculum documents and actual practice, a lack of practical teaching expertise, and a teaching culture discouraging physical activity in lower grades. Operational patterns were restructured into “avoidance-style classes,” “ad-hoc classes,” “textbook-dependent classes,” and “textbook-reorganization classes.” Factors influencing physical education for early elementary students included “teacher support factors,” “environmental factors,” and “administrative factors.”CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this study advocates for policies that systematically improve perception, administration, and support classes for activating physical activities in lower elementary school students. The findings suggest the need for strategies such as adapting integrated curricula, creating training programs and educational materials, ongoing professional development activities for teachers, and specific research focused on physical activities for lower grade elementary students.

Exploring Physical Activity Examples and Terminologies in the Expression Areas of the 2022 Revised Curriculum Elementary School Physical Education

Exploring Physical Activity Examples and Terminologies in the Expression Areas of the 2022 Revised Curriculum Elementary School Physical Education

A game model in physical education to improve motor skills, cooperation, and discipline of primary school learners

Background and Study Aim. Motor skills, cooperation, and discipline are important for elementary school children. The purpose of this research is to develop a game-based physical education learning model that is effective in improving motor skills, cooperation, and discipline in elementary school students. Material and Methods. This type of research is Research and Development with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The validation subjects of the game-based learning model are six expert lecturers with professors and doctoral degrees. The effectiveness test subjects were 46 upper grade elementary school students (aged 10-12 years). The statistical analysis used was Aiken validity analysis and Intraclass Correlation Coefficients, and to analyse the effectiveness of the product using paired sample test analysis. Results. The results show that the game-based learning model is effective for improving motor skills (p-value 0.000 < 0.05), cooperation (p-value 0.000 < 0.05), and discipline (p-value 0.000 < 0.05) in upper grade elementary school students. The developed learning model is valid and reliable, so it is very effective to be used by Physical Education teachers for the learning process. Conclusions. The learning model through this game is expected to be able to bridge the shift in the character values of students in a good direction, along with the development of games and technology that are very strong magnets. For further researchers, further studies and developments are needed to add to the repertoire of game models to improve motor skills, cooperation, and discipline. This will support the learning process of physical education in elementary schools in accordance with the applicable curriculum.

Survei Sarana dan Prasarana Pendidikan Jasmani Sekolah Dasar di Kecamatan Mertoyudan Kabupaten Magelang

The purpose of the study was to determine the state and condition of the physical education learning facilities and insfrastructure for Elementary Schools in Mertoyudan District,Magelang Regency. This research method is a survey with a quantitative descriptive approach. The location if this research is in Magelang Regency with a target of 10 Elementary schools in Mertoyudan District, Magelang Regency. Data collection techniques using qouta sampling technique, the instruments used are observation, documentation and interviews with the Principal and Physical Education Teachers. The results of this study indicate that the condition and existence of Elementary School Physical Education Facilities in Mertoyudan District, Magelang Regency are in the good category (40%), sufficient category (60%),and less category (0%). meanwhile, the result of the insfrastructure condition are in goos category (10%), sufficient category (80%), and poor category (1%). The conclusion of this study is that the existing facilities and infrastructure in the Mertoyudan District Elementary school are in the sufficient category. suggestions from this research are that the agency at the school can help manage and maintain the facilities and infrastructure they have and modity the existing facilities and infrastructure in the school, especially in elementary schools for the Mertoyudan District, Magelang Regency.

Peran Guru Pendidikan Jasmani Sekolah Dasar dalam Meningkatkan Pelaksanaan Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah di SD Negeri Se-Desa Kayen Kabupaten Pati

This study aims to determine the role of elementary school physical education teachers in improving the implementation of UKS in public elementary schools throughout Kayen Village. The method used is descriptive quantitative with a population of 6 Public Elementary Schools in Kayen Village and the sample used by all physical education teachers in State Elementary Schools in Kayen Village is 6 teachers (total sampling). The test instrument uses a questionnaire and documentation. The analysis technique uses the percentage score formula and the descriptive percentage analysis criteria table from Sudijono in 2009. The results show that the role of physical education teachers in improving the UKS of Public Elementary Schools throughout Kayen Village, Pati Regency is carried out well along with several factors such as: instilling healthy living habits (67%) , teaches students hygiene (83%), supervises and checks the cleanliness of the school environment (50%), performs first aid and light treatment (67%), recognizes signs of infectious diseases and their consequences (67%), knows efforts as an action next (83%). The role of physical education teachers in UKS activities at State Elementary Schools throughout Kayen Village has been going well, because they have taken 6 factors to support the implementation of UKS.

Profil Guru Penjas SD Kecamatan Dukuhturi Kabupaten Tegal Tahun 2021

The purpose of this study is to describe the profile of elementary school physical education teachers in Dukuhturi District, Tegal Regency and to find out and analyze the views of elementary school physical education teachers in Dukuhturi District, Tegal Regency in 2021 regarding 4 standard teacher competencies. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The research location is in the Dukuhturi District, Tegal Regency. The results of this study are a clear picture of the condition of the profile and competence of physical education teachers in the Dukuhturi District, Tegal Regency in 2021 which was obtained through interviews, observations and also documentation. From the results of interviews and observations that I have made of physical education teachers in the Dukuhturi District, Tegal Regency, they are quite good at understanding the 4 teacher competency standards (pedagogic, personality, social, and professional competencies). The conclusion of this study is that teachers are able to know what to do during the pandemic in teaching and learning activities so that students remain enthusiastic and enthusiastic in participating in learning. The competencies possessed are also good in terms of pedagogics and professionals, as well as very good in terms of social and personality.

Survei Manajemen Guru Pendidikan Jasmani di Kecamatan Temanggung

The purpose of this study is to determine the management of planning (planning), organizing (organizing), directing (actuating), and controlling (controlling) Physical Education teachers to support the success of learning. This research is a descriptive research with a quantitative approach and survey research design. The population of this study were all physical education teachers from 36 elementary schools in Temanggung District. The sampling technique is saturated sampling technique (total sampling) so that the total research sample is 25 teachers. Data collection techniques used observations and questionnaires which were then analyzed quantitatively. The results showed that (1) The implementation of planning management (planning) for State Elementary School Physical Education teachers in Temaggung District to support learning success was classified as good criteria with an average of 76.4%. (2) The implementation of organizing management in the criteria is quite good with an average of 68.2%. (3) The implementation of organizing management in the criteria is quite good with an average of 68.6%. (4) The implementation of management supervision (controlling) in the criteria is quite good with an average of 66.4%. The conclusion of this study is that the management of physical education teachers at the State Elementary School of Temanggung District has been running quite well starting from planning, organizing, directing and supervising

Parents Knowledge of Appropriate Teaching Practices in Elementary School Physical Education Programs

Having parental support in a child’s education is very important. Parents are, and can be, a valuable force when it comes to their child’s education. The purpose of this study was to investigate parent’s knowledge of appropriate practices in their child’s elementary physical education classes. The data were obtained by surveying 311 parents. Parents were asked to complete a 40-statement survey dealing with appropriate practices in elementary physical education. The data showed that parents tended to correctly identify appropriate practices in their child’s elementary physical education class. Yet, from the 40 survey statements, six statements were incorrectly answered by a majority of parents. It is hoped, if parents are more educated regarding their child’s physical education experience, then there is a greater chance they will be more willing to support, or continue to support, elementary physical education in their child’s education.

Management Policy for Standardization of Physical Education Learning Infrastructure at the Elementary School Level in Langsa City, Indonesia

This study analyzes the management policy of standardizing elementary school physical education learning infrastructure in 66 schools in 5 sub-districts of Se-Kota Langsa. This study aims to explore, find, and provide policy recommendations for standardizing infrastructure facilities to support effective learning. The implication is that if every elementary school has adequate infrastructure, it will impact the quality of learning. This approach uses qualitative policy research design. The study subjects were 66 elementary school principals, two from the education office, and local government. Data collection by observation, documentation, interviews, and literature studies. Data analysis uses data collection, data reduction, data display, conclusion drawing, and data validity by triangulation to find the validity of research data. The results of research from 66 elementary schools in Langsa City showed that only five schools met the standards, 61 schools did not meet the requirements, and the category was not feasible for infrastructure in terms of at least four aspects, namely the width of the infrastructure sector, building area, classrooms, and installations according to Permendiknas No. 24 of 2007 concerning learning infrastructure standards at the elementary level. From these four aspects, at least 61 schools located in narrow areas are not feasible to build standardized classrooms and sports infrastructure, at least multipurpose courts that can play badminton, volleyball, and mini soccer courts to support the learning activities of elementary school students. In contrast, five schools meet minimum standards and are fair. The impact of inadequate physical education infrastructure in 61 primary schools has been modified so that students are ineffective in learning.

The effect of the CGFU-PM515 learning method on the motivation and physical activity of elementary school students

Introduction. Increased student motivation correlates directly with active student behavior. Not only does motivation enhance students' active participation, but it also fosters their physical development in physical education classes. Purpose. This study aimed to examine the impact of the Coaching Game For Upgrading Performance Model 515 (CGFU-PM515) on students' motivation during physical education lessons in elementary schools. Methods. The research employed a Quasi-Experimental One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Seventy-five elementary school students participated in this study. The research procedure involved having students undergo lessons both without and with the application of the CGFU-PM515 concept. After the lessons, students were given the CMEF Physical Education Basic Education questionnaire to assess their motivation levels before and after the introduction of the CGFU-PM515 concept. Results. Findings indicate that students' motivation improved following the integration of the CGFU-PM515 method. The N-Gain Score analysis revealed a value of 0.73, which is interpreted as high. Additionally, a Wilcoxon test was conducted. Results from this test showed a significant increase in motivation among the 75 participating students. Conclusion. The study concludes that the CGFU-PM515 approach positively impacts student motivation in elementary school physical education lessons.

Participation and physical activity in organized recess tied to physical education in elementary schools: An interventional study

Maintaining physical activity habits is important for long-term health benefits. Many children do not achieve the World Health Organization (WHO) benchmark of 60 min Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA) daily. Comprehensive school physical activity programs (CSPAP) target all opportunities at school for children to be physically active. The purpose of this intervention study was to investigate boys’ and girls’ voluntary participation and MVPA in physical activity recess sessions during and after these were connected with the content of physical education.147 (55 girls, 92 boys; mean age = 8 years) second grade children from seven different schools received a 10-lesson parkour unit in physical education and were concurrently offered five parkour recess sessions. After the parkour unit in physical education (i.e., maintenance) another five parkour sessions in which children could voluntarily participate were organized. Systematic observation tools were used to assess children’s MVPA.Overall participation in parkour recess was 64% for both boys and girls. Participation decreased from intervention to maintenance phase for both boys (75% vs 54%; p < .001) and girls (80% vs 49%; p < .001). MVPA was higher for boys compared to girls in parkour recess (64% vs 58%; p = .002) and traditional recess (49% vs 39%; p = .006), but not in physical education (40% vs 37%).One aspect of physical activity promotion is to connect recess activities with the content taught in physical education, which could contribute up to 20% of the daily recommended MVPA. Positive effects maintained when the connection between physical education and recess stopped.

Comparison of the Performance of Sports and Health Physical Education Teachers between Pns and Non Pns Teachers in Kapanewon Godean Sleman

This study aims to analyze the comparison of Physical Education, Sport and Health (PESH) teacher performance between civil servant and non-civil servant teachers in Kapanewon Godean Sleman. The research method used is quantitative research with a comparative descriptive approach. The research sample consisted of 35 PESH teachers, including 10 civil servant teachers and 25 non-civil servant teachers selected by purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires adapted from previous research instruments. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The study shows that there is no significant difference in the performance of Elementary School Physical Education, Sport, and Health (PJOK) teachers who are PNS and non-PNS in six aspects, namely lesson planning (p = 0.369), lesson implementation (p = 0.185), assessment of learning outcomes (p = 0.740), coaching and guidance (p = 0.804), additional tasks (p = 0.402), and professional development (p = 0.492). The p-values for each comparison are greater than the significance value of 0.05. It is concluded that there is no significant difference in the performance of PNS and non-PNS Elementary School PJOK teachers in the six observed aspects, namely lesson planning, lesson implementation, assessment of student learning outcomes, coaching and guidance of students, implementation of additional tasks, and professional development. The implication of this study is the importance of providing support and training to improve the quality of learning and performance of Elementary School PJOK teachers, both PNS and non-PNS.

Development of Physical Education in Elementary Schools in Bima District

The objectives of this research are 1. To determine the development of physical education in elementary schools in Langgudu District, Bima Regency in terms of a) Physical education facilities, b) Physical education infrastructure, c) Sports human resources, d) Student participation, e) Physical fitness, 2. To find out the physical education development index in elementary schools in Bima Regency. This study uses a survey method and a quantitative approach. The population in study were students of SDN accredited A, students of SDN accredited, SDN students accredited. The sample are 216 students, 72 students for each accreditation. The sampling technique used a cluster sampling technique with stratified random sampling. Data analysis techniques use Sports Development Index (SDI) analysis. Based on the results of the research reviewed from a) Physical education facilities obtained an index value of 0.206 in the low/low category, b) Physical education infrastructure obtained an index value of 0.716 in the medium/sufficient category, c) Sports human resources obtained an index value of 0.402 in the low category/ lacking, d) Student participation obtained an index value of 0.124 in the low/less category, e) Physical fitness obtained an index value of 0.736 in the medium/adequate category. The physical education development index in elementary schools in Langgudu District, Bima Regency obtained an index value of 0.546 which is included in the medium category