Physical Bond Research Articles

Pengaturan Hubungan Menyimpang di Luar Perkawinan bagi Lesbian Dan Gay dalam Perspektif Hukum Hindu

Marriage is a physical and mental bond between a man and a woman as husband and wife with the aim of forming a happy and eternal family (household) based on the One Godhead. Humans were created to pair men with women in order to continue the lineage, but there are a group of people who behave like the same sex and want to legalize their actions up to the level of marriage through the laws in force in their country. This of course cannot be accepted by some people who contradict same-sex marriage behavior which is commonly referred to as Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender, hereinafter referred to as LGBT. This study aims to explain the arrangement of deviant relationships outside of marriage for LGBT people in the perspective of Hindu law. The second one describes the religious perspective in dealing with LGBT perpetrators. This research is designed to use normative legal research with a juridical approach through the hermenutic method. The data used are secondary and primary data which are analyzed qualitatively. The results show Hinduism, there is no single verse or ceremony which legalizes that gay and lesbi can have a marriage or relationship, meaning that it is not allowed to marry, especially with a sacred ceremony, Vedic mantra puja, the second one should not isolate or discriminate but provide education to treat Humanly, gay and lesbian perpetrators must provide protection or educate the perpetrator whether he is accommodated in a place and then given direction or counseling so that the perpetrator is aware of LGBT behavior.

Enhancing flotation separation of chalcopyrite and magnesium silicate minerals by surface synergism between PAAS and GA

Separation effects of sodium polyacrylate (PAAS) and gum Arabic (GA) on flotation of chalcopyrite and magnesium silicate minerals using potassium butyl xanthate (PBX) as collector were investigated by micro-flotation experiments, zeta potential, Infrared spectral (IR), SEM–EDS, XPS analysis and copper sulphide ore beneficiation test. The micro-flotation experiments and zeta potential measurements showed that combined depressant consisting of PAAS and GA could efficiently reduce the recoveries of mixed minerals of serpentine and talc more than 25%, while that of chalcopyrite remained above 70% at pH 9.2. Infrared spectral (IR), SEM–EDS and XPS analysis showed that PAAS chemically reacted with Mg on the surface of serpentine, while GA adsorbed on talc surface mainly via physical interaction and hydrogen bond may also play a role. Surface synergism between PAAS and GA was investigated by turbidity test and its depression mechanism was proposed. The technology feasibility of using PAAS and GA to improve the copper sulphide ore flotation performance was verified through artificial mixed ore flotation and laboratory closed-flotation operation.

Ultra-low CNTs filled high-performance fast self-healing triboelectric nanogenerators for wearable electronics

Self-healing triboelectric nanogenerators (SH-TENGs) with fast self-healing, high output performance, and wearing comfort have wide and promising applications in wearable electronic devices. This work presents a high-performance hydrogel-based SH-TENG, which consists of a high dielectric triboelectric layer (HDTL), a self-healing hydrogel electrode layer (SHEL), and a physical cross-linking layer (PCLL). Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), obtained by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, were added into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to produce the HDTL. Compared with pure PDMS, the short-circuit transferred charge (44 nC) and the open circuit voltage (132 V) are doubled for PDMS with 0.01 wt% CNTs. Glycerin, polydopamine particles (PDAP) and graphene were added to poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to prepare the self-healing hydrogel electrode layer. SHEL can physically self-heal in ~1 min when exposed to air. The self-healing efficiency reaches up to 98%. The PCLL is made of poly(methylhydrosiloxane) (PMHS) and PDMS. It forms a good physical bond between the hydrophilic hydrogel and hydrophobic PDMS layers. The electric output performance of the SH-TENG can reach 94% of the undamaged one in 1 min. The SH-TENG (6 × 6 cm2) exhibits good stability and superior electrical performance, enabling it to power 37 LEDs simultaneously.

The Result of Divorce on the Gono Gini Assets Decision on Case No: 1451/Pdt.G/2016/PA Kdl

Humans by nature are zoon politicon, which are social creatures. This means that humans are destined to live in society and interact with each other. Humans cannot live alone without help from others, because they always seek and need other humans to live together and then organize socially. In this case the smallest form of human life together begins with the existence or by forming a family. All Indonesian people have the same legal guidelines that regulate marriage issues, namely Act No. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage. Which is also equipped with implementing regulations, namely Government Regulation Number 9 of 1975. The sound of Act No. 1 of 1974, in Article 1 has explained that what is meant by "Marriage is a physical and spiritual bond between a man and a woman as husband and wife with the aim of forming a happy and eternal family or household based on Almighty God". In a marriage, what is meant by physical and mental ties is that the marriage that is carried out is not sufficient only with the existence of a physical bond or an inner bond. However, there must be both, so that there will be a physical bond and an inner bond which is a strong foundation in forming and fostering a happy and eternal family.

Pemberian Karang Memadu Sebagai Sanksi Adat Untuk Mencegah Poligami di Desa Adat Panglipuran


 Pemberian lahan ”Tanah Karang Memadu” bagi mereka yang melakukan perkawinan poligami di Desa Adat Pengelipuran, Bangli adalah bentuk sanksi adat dari kearifan lokal setempat yang wajib dilestarikan. Sanksi adat ini telah terbukti mampu mencegah niat masyarakat untuk melakukan poligami. Dalam Undang-undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 yang sudah diubah dengan Undang-undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 tentang Perkawinan, ditegaskan bahwa perkawinan adalah ikatan lahir batin antara seorang laki-laki dengan seorang perempuan. Jadi asas yang dianut adalah asas monogami. Namun demikian tidak sedikit masyarakat karena alasan tertentu melakukan perkawinan poligami atau mempunyai lebih dari satu orang istri. Secara normatif, masyarakat adat Desa Penglipuran memandang berpoligami itu sebagai pelanggaran norma adat. Karena itulah bagi mereka yang berani melakukan poligami dikenakan sanksi keluar dari pekarangan desa, lalu diberikan tempat yang disebut sebagai “Karang Mamadu”. Penelitian ini menjawab permasalahan, bagaimanakah pelaksanaan sanksi adat Karang Memadu di Desa Penglipuran, dan apakah sanksi adat Karang Memadu terlaksana dengan efektif di Desa Adat Penglipuran. Jenis penelitian yang akan dipergunakan dalam jenis penelitian hukum emperis. Temuan hasil penelitian membrikan penegasan bahwa pemberian ”Karang Memadu” adalah salah satu bentuk sanksi adat yang mempunyai implikasi hukum sangat singinifian dalam rangka mencegah terjadinya perkawinan poligami atau “memadu”. Indikasinya adalah, sampai penelitian ini selesai dilakukan sama sekali “karang memadu” yang dimaksud belum pernah dimanfaatkan oleh mereka yang melakukan perkawinan poligami. Saran yang dapat direkomenasikan adalah, sanksi pemberian”Karang Memadu” ini agar dilestarikan untuk menjamin keteraturan sosial.

Pregnancy Married in the Perspective of Islamic Law and Five Mazhab

This research discusses the issue of pregnancy marriage from the perspective of Islamic Law and Five Mazhab. Marriage in Islam refers to a physical and mental bond, which is sacred and contains the value of worship. However, adultery often occurs leading to the illegal pregnancy causing the married by accident. As a result, to cover up the disgrace and survive, these pregnant women need to immediately marry either the man who impregnated her or someone else. Accordingly, whether the pregnancy married is possible according to the perspective of Islamic law and five mazhab, as well as the birth status of the child. The Islamic Law provides legality regarding the marriage of a pregnant woman on the condition that she is married to a man who impregnated her, in contrast, the mazhab perspective indicates the difference, some allow the marriage, some prohibit the action. Among those who allow it is the Hanafi Mazhab, allowing men who impregnate them, Shafi'i allows without any conditions and Ja'fari allows them to repent first. Meanwhile, those who do not allow are the Maliki and Hanbali Mazhab except with two conditions, namely willingness to repent and waiting for the `` iddah or waiting period. Regarding the child's family status, Article 100 of Islamic Law, states the child's family relationship status with the mother and the mother's family. Meanwhile, the scholars have different opinions, but the majority agree that children due to adultery are given services to their mothers.

Physical Bond Breaking in Associating Copolymer Liquids.

We combine ideas from polymer and glassy liquid physics to construct a new model for the bond-breaking time scale of attractive sticker groups in associating copolymer liquids that form transient networks. The activated event is argued to be a two-step process, involving first the release of the nonsticker dynamic caging constraints that defines the primary alpha relaxation, followed by attractive stickers surmounting an association free-energy barrier subject to a local frictional resistance which can be strongly affected by relaxation-diffusion decoupling. The ideas embedded in the model produce a consistent and good description of the bond-breaking time scale for diverse polymer chemistries and architectures as a function of temperature and fraction of sticky groups. Chemically sensible values for association free energies are deduced. In strong contrast, the existing phenomenological models are shown to incur qualitative failures.

KEDUDUKAN ANAK AKIBAT PEMBATALAN PERKAWINAN SEDARAH DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NO 1 TAHUN 1974 TENTANG PERKAWINAN

Article 1 of the Marriage Law, Marriage is a physical and spiritual bond between a man and a woman as husband and wife with the aim of forming a happy and eternal family or household based on Almighty God. In the definition of marriage, we also see an element of bonding between a man and a woman as husband and wife. For this reason, husband and wife need to help and complement each other so that each can develop his personality to help and achieve spiritual and material well-being. In inbreeding has been carried out for a long time by people in certain areas who still have blood relations. Where this is done over and over again becomes a habit and then the marriage becomes a culture for a certain area. From the foregoing, it can be seen that inbreeding exists in Indigenous communities where Customary Law applies and Islamic societies that apply Islamic law. After the enactment of the Marriage Law No.1 of 1974 concerning marriage, marriages made with relatives or inbreeding have been restricted and even prohibited in the Marriage Law but if this is violated and occurs, the marriage can be canceled.

The Development of the Technique for Physical Bonding between Gel/Silicone for the Hydrogel Salt Bridge Electrode

The biomedical measurements such as electrocorticography and electromyography have been widely performed for medical monitoring, diagnosis, and treatment of the diseases. In particular, subdural electrodes directly placed on the surface of a brain have been developed for a treatment of epilepsy and surgery. Conventional subdural electrodes consisting of metal electrodes such as Pt and the silicone-based substrate has various problems; the silicone substrate is not able to completely adhere to the brain surface due to its hardness and hydrophobicity, and artifacts will be generated in MRI imaging due to metal electrodes. We have developed a total organic hydrogel-based subdural electrode by embedding carbon fabric (CF) modified with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) into a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogel substrate. Their softness similar to the living tissue and conformability to the curved surface of brains enabled easy handling, and the total organic materials will contribute to clearer MRI images without image artifacts. Moreover, molecules can pass through the hydrogel substrate of the electrode. Currently, we are working on the development of a hydrogel salt bridge electrode that is more transparent than conventional and our reported electrodes and reduces adverse effect on the body by avoiding the electrode from the biotissue surface and embedding salt bridges in the hydrogel substrate (Figure 1a). Although silicone microchannel is needed for a separation between hydrogels for the salt bridge and substrate, the bonding strength of silicone and hydrogel is poor, which causes a slip of the electrodes from measuring points. Various techniques for chemical bonding of silicone and hydrogel have been reported [1] [2], however, some of the substances used in these techniques are toxic and not biocompatible. In this study, we employed a physical bonding method with protrusions which are placed on the silicone surface to reduce the sliding of silicone and hydrogel. A frustum structure was selected as the shape of the protrusion, as for avoiding an exfoliation of the PVA hydrogel substrate from the silicone microchannel (Figure 1a).In order to evaluate the bonding strength, we prepared micro-structured polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sheets with 3D printed molds. The various micro-structured PDMS sheets were designed as rectangular (2 mm in the width) and frustum protrusions (4 mm, 2 mm, 1 mm and 0.5 mm in width) (Figure 1b). PDMS sheets with protrusions were embedded in PVA gel (15wt%), which were cross-linked by repeating freezing and thawing cycles (10 min at -30 °C and 10 min at room temperature for three times). A digital force gauge and an electric stand were used to perform tensile tests. Tensile loads were applied to both ends of the specimens, and the tension was recorded until the PDMS sheet and PVA gel were completely separated. In order to apply to the electrocorticography, we prepared the salt bridge electrode combined with the protrusions. The electrode was fabricated by injecting PVA precursor (10wt%) into the PDMS channel with protrusions and embedding that in PVA gel (15wt%). Each PVA was cross-linked by repeating freezing and thawing cycles at the same condition the above experiment. Then the electrode was placed on the brain of a pig along with a conventional electrode, and the brain wave was measured by electrocorticography (ECoG).Among the prepared PDMS sheets, the bonding strength of specimens with frustrum protrusions (10.8 kPa for 2 mm) showed higher than that of specimens with rectangular protrusions (9.3 kPa) and without protrusions (8.0 kPa) (Figure 1c). The bonding strength increased with a decrease of the size (0.5 mm, 2 mm and 4 mm) of protrusions (Figure 1d). Only 1 mm of protrusions did not follow the manner, which was under discussing. These results show that the frustum protrusions contribute to the physical bonding. Finally, we measured the ECoG signal by using the prepared hydrogel electrode. The salt bridge electrode was highly flexible enough to closely contact with the surface of the brain. Moreover, the ECoG signal measured by the hydrogel electrode was followed to conventional electrodes (Figure 1e). In conclusion, we successfully fabricated a flexible and biocompatible subdural electrode.

Effect of silane grafted h-BN fillers on microstructure and mechanical properties of CVI-based C/C-BN composites

2.5D carbon fiber (Cf)-reinforced carbon and boron nitride dual matrix composites (C/C-BN) were prepared by a combined process of C/C silanization, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) slurry impregnation, and chemical vapor infiltration (CVI). The surface morphology of Cf after each step of modification, the fracture surface and microstructure of the C/C-BN composites were systematically characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Through the hydrolysis of silane, a polysiloxane network was successfully formed inside the porous C/C composites, which provided more attachment sites for the subsequent grafting of h-BN filler and the deposition of pyrocarbon (PyC). The microstructure and mechanical properties of the C/C-BN composites containing three different of h-BN fillers content were studied in comparison with pure C/C composites. The TEM characterization of the h-BN filler/PyC interface confirmed that the different crystal planes of the h-BN grains affect the structure of the PyC deposited thereon. The results show that the uniformly distributed h-BN filler reduces the size, thermal shrinkage anisotropy, and texture of the PyC deposited around it, resulting in the disappearance of the interlayer cracks in the matrix and the enhancement of the cohesion of the composite. The tight physical bond at the interface is due to the radial compressive stress caused by the thermal mismatch between the fiber, matrix, and h-BN fillers. Therefore, as the h-BN fillers content increases, the flexural strengths, compressive strength of the C/C-BN composites increase, which are both greater than that of C/C composite, and the compression properties gradually tended to be isotropic. However, when the h-BN content in the C/C composite is excessive (such as the volume content of 15 vol%), the densification efficiency of the subsequent CVI is reduced. As a result, the compactness of the transition interface and mixed matrix composed of h-BN and PyC decreased, which led to the decrease of mechanical properties of the composites.

Averaged Scale in Electronegativity Joined to Physicochemical Perturbations. Consequences of Periodicity.

In this work, we propose a new representative electronegativity scale χDC based on a statistical analysis of 11 electronegativity scales associated with electric ionic resonance energy, ionization potential, electron affinity, polarizability, electric force, average orbital energy, chemical potential, electrochemical reduction potential, and electric potential energy. Among these scales, it is the new PE° electronegativity scale, which relates the reduction potential E° to Pauling’s electronegativity scale. The scale χDC gives more weight to the physicochemical factors, which influence the electronegativity, but this scale is not necessarily the best electronegativity scale for the element. This scale is based on (1) the average of the experimental electronegativity values; (2) the proximity of an experimental value to the average given by the difference and the ratio to this average; (3) in critical cases, the periodicity network of the periods and the groups; and (4) the periodicity of the sequence of the ratios of the experimental electronegativity values to the best-selected electronegativity value. We have also taken as probe scales Nagle’s, Allred and Rochow’s, Allen’s (Hoffman’s and Politzer’s), PE°, Gordy’s, and Ghosh’s electronegativity scales in order to investigate the trend of the physicochemical factors which influence the electronegativity. With this trend, we have determined zones where a physicochemical property influences the electronegativity more. We have also found that physicochemical perturbations such as the orbital overlap, the stable configurations, the nephelauxetic effect, the width of the band gap, the ligand field stabilization energy, the penetration of the orbitals, and the lattice energy influence the electronegativity. Besides, we have analyzed the exactness of the electronegativity of the scales through the periodical ranking, the chemical tripartite separation among ionic, covalent, or metallic bond (taking into account the amplitude of the metalloid band), and the physicochemical property of bond force. The representative χDC electronegativity scale is the best in periodicity, followed by Batsanov’s and Pauling’s scales. In the type of chemical bond, the ranking depends on the number and kind of compounds in the sample, but in general, Pauling’s, the ARS, and Batsanov’s electronegativity scales are the best with a confidence interval of 95%. On the other hand, in the physical bond force, Batsanov’s, Pauling’s, Mulliken’s, Nagle’s, Allen’s, the ARS, and the χDC electronegativity scales are the best scales. Also, we have considered the free atom and the in situ hypotheses of electronegativity and used the low and high oxidation states to verify these hypotheses. Besides, as an example of the utility of this ranking of scales, we have analyzed the relation of lanthanum La and lutetium Lu to Group 3, lanthanides, and hafnium Hf. We also analyze the vertical, horizontal, Knight’s move, and isodiagonal periodicity of the electronegativity and associate this periodicity to a similar chemical–physical behavior of elements or ions.

Kinetic model for a sol-gel transition: application of the modified Bailey criterion

Precise a priori prediction of time required to achieve colloidal sol-gel transition is a challenging task. This is because not much system-specific theoretical work has been carried out on kinetics of colloidal gelation, where the physical bond formation is strongly affected by the surface characteristics of the colloidal particles. Under such situation, drawing analogies from apparently dissimilar phenomena that share the same physical foundation can prove helpful. Interestingly the physical processes such as the fracture dynamics in a material leading to failure, as represented by the Bailey criterion of durability, and sol-gel transition are known to satisfy the Markovian criterion, suggesting equivalent mathematical formalism. Such equivalence leads to a simple mathematical formalism given by the modified Bailey criterion which is identical in construction to the criterion in fracture dynamics. In this work, we assess the modified Bailey criterion of durability to predict the time required to attain the sol-gel transition in a colloidal dispersion under non-isothermal conditions. The model parameters are derived from the gelation experiments on colloidal clay dispersion conducted under the isothermal conditions. Interestingly, the prediction of the time to attain the sol-gel transition under non-isothermal condition from the modified Bailey criterion matches the experimental observation with remarkable accuracy, thereby validating an independent methodology to obtain vital knowledge on colloidal sol-gel transition. This work, therefore, validates the mathematical formalism of one Markovian process (fracture dynamics) by carrying out experiments on another Markovian process (sol-gel transition), which are otherwise distinctly different from each other. Such correspondence highlights the profound similarity in the microstructural changes occurring in the two distinct systems.

Exploring Married Malay Couples' Conceptions of a Satisfying Marriage: Some Implications for the Education of Family Counsellors

The objective of this study was to understand the phenomenon of a satisfying marriage among Malay married couples in Malaysia. It is submitted that a happy marriage starts from the feeling of satisfaction felt by married couples. However, with the rising statistics of marital problems and divorce cases reported in Malaysia, the phenomenon of satisfaction among married couples, the factors that contribute to it, as well as the challenges and ways to overcome them, need to be understood. The research employed a qualitative phenomenological method of enquiry. Two married couples, consisting of two males and two females, were selected as participants for in-depth one-on-one interviews. They were of different couple profiles, age groups and lengths of marriage that fit into the intended selection criteria. In this study, a satisfying marriage was described through the feelings of peace, tranquillity and calmness, the happiness of family members, the positive feelings felt from the presence of family, the sense of togetherness, strength and support as well as the grateful feeling of having a spouse with commendable attributes. With regard to the factors that contribute to marital satisfaction, four major themes and eight subthemes were identified. The four major themes were “Attitudes and Actions of Spouse”, “Relationship with Others”, “Finance and Career” and “Religion”. The subthemes that emerged from “Attitudes and Actions of Spouse” included “Complementary Roles”, “Respect and Tolerance”, “Physical Intimacy, Bonding and Fulfilment”, “Understanding and Trust”, “Communication,” and “Humor.” Meanwhile, the subthemes that emerged from “Relationship with Others” were “Relationship with Children” and “Relationship with In-Laws and Relatives.” Two major themes emerged in regard to the challenges in achieving a satisfying marriage, which were “Attitude of Couples” and “External Factors.” There are three main highlights in the findings of this study, namely “peace” as an important element in a satisfying marriage, the role of religion in a satisfying marriage, and the existence of gender differences in needs and expectations in a marriage. This study is hoped to be a significant endeavor in creating an awareness on the subject of marital satisfaction in Malaysia. It has implications for education, marriage and family counselling, as well as personal growth, and could serve as a basis for further efforts to promote a more satisfying marital institution. Keywords: Marital satisfaction, satisfying marriage, marital institution, phenomenology, family counselling

Process optimization and modeling of Pb(II) ions adsorption on chitosan-conjugated magnetite nano-biocomposite using response surface methodology

This study aimed to investigate the performance of a magnetic nano-biocomposite, chitosan conjugated magnetite nanoparticle (CH-MNP), for the removal of lead ions. The magnetite nanoparticles were synthesized through a controlled co-precipitation technique and were stabilized with citric acid. Subsequently, they were covalently bonded to chitosan via carbodiimide chemistry using EDAC/NHS activation. One of the notable advantages of this nano-biocomposite is its chemical conjugation, which does not have the weakness of the ultimate chitosan detachment of a physical bond and makes it an encouraging candidate for magnetic separation with no secondary waste production. The CH-MNPs had a diameter of ∼10 nm, with a saturation magnetization of 76.01 emu/g ensuring a superparamagnetic property. The response surface methodology (RSM) with a central composite design (CCD) framework was used for optimizing the adsorption process. The optimum conditions to achieve 92.15% of Pb(II) removal were found to be at a pH of 6.1 with the nano-adsorbent concentration of 1.04 g/L and a contact time of 59.92 min. Our adsorption isotherm data were fitted well with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, and the equilibrium data followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics and intraparticle diffusion kinetic model. The maximum Langmuir Pb(II) adsorption capacity was calculated to be 192.308 mg/g. These results suggest that the proposed synthetic nano-biocomposite is quite an ideal nano-adsorbent for Pb(II) removal in wastewater treatment technology.

Long Carbon Fibers Reinforced Rigid Polyurethane Composites: An Investigation In Strength and Toughness

High-performance polyurethane materials are attracting more and more attention. In this work, a cooperative improvement of strength and toughness of rigid polyurethane (RPU) composites was achieved. 1.0 wt% long carbon fibers (LCFs) reinforced RPU composites were prepared and the effects of fiber oxidation treatment were studied. The results indicated that the surface roughness and wettability of LCFs were both increased, which could provide better physical bonding between LCFs and RPU matrix. Moreover, the increasing -OH groups on the fiber surface would react with RPU to form chemical bond. With the strengthened physical and chemical bonds, the interface of LCFs/RPU composites has been effectively improved. The mechanical properties showed that compared with pure RPU, the tensile strength, tensile modulus, bending strength, bending modulus, and impact strength of oxidized LCFs/RPU composites were increased by 171.1 %, 814.3 %, 29.1 %, 125.8 % and 110.1 %, respectively. Interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) was also increased by 65.1 %. Dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) indicated the positive effects of the oxidation treatment on the interfacial bonding between LCFs and RPU matrix.

Close eclipsing binary BD And: a triple system

BD And is a fairly bright (V = 10.8), active and close (P = 0.9258 days) eclipsing binary. The cyclic variability of the apparent orbital period as well as third light in the light curves indicate the presence of an additional late-type component. The principal aim is the spectroscopic testing of the third-body hypothesis and determination of absolute stellar parameters for both components of the eclipsing binary. First medium and high-resolution spectroscopy of the system was obtained. The broadening-function technique appropriate for heavily-broadened spectra of close binaries was used. The radial velocities were determined fitting the Gaussian functions and rotational profiles to the broadening functions. A limited amount of photometric data has also been obtained. Although the photometric observations were focused on the obtaining the timing information, a cursory light-curve analysis was also performed. Extracted broadening functions clearly show the presence of a third, slowly-rotating component. Its radial velocity is within error of the systemic velocity of the eclipsing pair, strongly supporting the physical bond. The observed systemic radial-velocity and third-component changes do not support the 9 year orbit found from the timing variability. Masses of the components of the eclipsing pair are determined with about 0.5% precision. Further characterization of the system would require long-term photometric and spectroscopic monitoring.

Microscopic Theory of the Effect of Caging and Physical Bonding on Segmental Relaxation in Associating Copolymer Liquids

We construct a microscopic statistical mechanical theory for how strong short-range attractions between sticky groups regularly copolymerized in a chain backbone perturb the segmental dynamics of u...

Extendable Machine Learning Model for the Stability of Single Atom Alloys

In this work, we aim to update the understanding of how impurity or promoter metals segregate on metal surfaces, particularly in the application of single-atom alloys (SAA) for catalysis. Using density functional theory, we calculated the relative stability of the idealized SAA relative to subsurface, dimer, and adatom configurations to determine the tendency of the promoter atom to diffuse into the bulk, form surface clusters, or avoid alloying with the host, respectively. We selected 26 d-block metals augmented with Al and Pb to create a 28 × 28 database that indicates a total of 250 combinations for which the SAA configuration is most stable, and an additional 358 systems for which the SAA geometry is within 0.5 eV of the most stable configuration. We classified the data using decision tree, support vector machine, and neural network machine learning algorithms with tabulated atomic properties as the input vector. These black box approaches are unable to extrapolate to other possible geometries, which was circumvented by redefining the stability problem as a regression. We propose a physical bond counting model to formulate intuitive criteria for the formation of stable SAAs. The accuracy is then improved by using the bonding configuration and tabulated atomic properties with a kernel ridge regression (KRR) algorithm. The hybrid KRR model correctly identifies 190 SAAs with 85 false positives. Importantly, its physical basis allows the hybrid model to extend to similar geometries not included in the training data, thereby expanding the domain where the model is useful.

Wettability between 304 stainless steel and refractory materials

In the current study, the wettability between 304 stainless steels and refractory materials was investigated using the sessile drop method in a reducing atmosphere at 1550 °C. The contact angle between the stainless steel and the original refractory was 133°, and was 126° between the stainless steel and the used refractory. The lower dissolved oxygen content in the stainless steel after the reaction with the original refractory was responsible for the higher contact angle. Adhesion work of original and used refractories per mole was 41 kJ/m and 53 kJ/mol, respectively, indicating that the physical bond energy was dominant at the interface between the stainless steel and the refractory. The penetration of the steel into the used refractory was more serious than that into the original refractory, which was mainly influenced by the angle between the liquid drop meniscus and refractory pores based on the force analysis. The liquid slag phase formed in the refractory at the high temperature entered refractory pores, decreased the meniscus angle and promoted the steel penetration.

Stability analysis of TiO2–Ag nanocomposite particles dispersed paraffin wax as energy storage material for solar thermal systems

Thermal energy storage using phase change material (PCM) gains momentum as it improves the efficiency of the solar energy thermal systems. The low thermal conductivity of PCMs can be enhanced by dispersing nanocomposite particles in PCM to enhance the performance of energy storage systems. This paper discusses the effect of ball milling on the synthesized TiO2–Ag nanocomposite particles and analyses the stability of the paraffinwax embedded with TiO2–Ag nanocomposite particles with various mass concentrations of nanocomposite particles and surfactant. The characterization studies showed that ball milling affects the physical bond between TiO2–Ag nanocomposites. Next, nanocomposite particles dispersed paraffinwax with and without surfactants SDBS, SDS and SSL were prepared. The suitable surfactant SDS and its proper mass concentration ratio of nanocomposite as 1:0.25 were identified by physical settlement study. Accelerated thermal cycling process was carried out on TiO2–Ag nanocomposite particles dispersed paraffinwax with and without SDS. Uniform dispersion of nanocomposite particles in paraffin wax was observed for the cycled samples with SDS using SEM. The improved stability, uniform dispersion of TiO2–Ag nanocomposite particles in paraffinwax and improved thermal properties have proved that this novel PCM could be used as a promising energy storage material in solar energy storage applications.