Physical Activity Participation In Patients Research Articles

P393 Physical activity participation and mental health status of patients with cystic fibrosis during the COVID-19 pandemic: a single centre experience

The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a significant mental health challenge to individuals worldwide. Little is known about the association between mental health and physical activity participation in patients with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) who are encouraged to exercise as part of their treatment regimen. This exploratory study aimed to determine physical activity levels, mental health status (anxiety and depression symptoms) and fear of illness (Fear of Illness and Viral Evaluation; FIVE) score among a sample of CF patients from our academic health center.

Barriers and facilitators to physical activity participation in patients with head and neck cancer: a scoping review.

Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) usually experienced disfigurement, dysfunction, and psychosocial distress, leading to a decline in their quality of life. Physical activity (PA) is recommended for such patients. Despite the proven benefits of participating in PA, the compliance of patients with HNC is still poor. Hence, the factors influencing PA participation and adherence in patients with HNC need to be explored. This study aimed to (1) identify barriers and enablers of PA in adult patients living with HNC and (2) map barriers and facilitators to the Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behavior (COM-B) model. Types of studies: Studies with qualitative, quantitative, and mixed designs were included in this review. The current review takes into account patients with HNC aged 18years or above. Types of interventions: This review considered all studies focusing on full-body PA. This scoping review focused on studies examining health behavior, patients' compliance, and facilitators and/or barriers to PA engagement. Five databases (Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO) were searched following the methodology for scoping reviews from inception to July 2021. The extracted data included author(s)/year of publication, country, main purpose of the study, sample size/disease site and stage, methodology and methods, type of treatment, and main findings/barriers, or facilitators. A total of 22 studies were finally selected. The top three barriers were physical-related issues, time pressures, and low motivation or interest. Most facilitators included perceived psychological, health, and social benefits and preference for the model of PA. The most frequent COM-B model components were physical capability, automatic motivation, and physical opportunity. Patients with HNC have unique facilitators and barriers to participating in PA. Interventions must leverage facilitators and limit barriers to exercise so as to increase compliance with exercise. Future studies should test the effectiveness of behavioral change measures based on the factors influencing the COM-B model.

Developing a Complex Understanding of Physical Activity in Cardiometabolic Disease from Low-to-Middle-Income Countries-A Qualitative Systematic Review with Meta-Synthesis.

Physical activity behaviour is complex, particularly in low-resource settings, while existing behavioural models of physical activity behaviour are often linear and deterministic. The objective of this review was to (i) synthesise the wide scope of factors that affect physical activity and thereby (ii) underpin the complexity of physical activity in low-resource settings through a qualitative meta-synthesis of studies conducted among patients with cardiometabolic disease living in low-to-middle income countries (LMIC). A total of 41 studies were included from 1200 unique citations (up to 15 March 2021). Using a hybrid form of content analysis, unique factors (n = 208) that inform physical activity were identified, and, through qualitative meta-synthesis, these codes were aggregated into categories (n = 61) and synthesised findings (n = 26). An additional five findings were added through deliberation within the review team. Collectively, the 31 synthesised findings highlight the complexity of physical activity behaviour, and the connectedness between person, social context, healthcare system, and built and natural environment. Existing behavioural and ecological models are inadequate in fully understanding physical activity participation in patients with cardiometabolic disease living in LMIC. Future research, building on complexity science and systems thinking, is needed to identify key mechanisms of action applicable to the local context.

Barriers and enablers to physical activity participation in patients with venous leg ulcers: a systematic review protocol of qualitative evidence.

The objective of this review is to synthesize available qualitative evidence to provide an overview of the barriers and enablers that influence physical activity participation in patients with venous leg ulcers. Management of venous leg ulcers is a costly and time-consuming process in clinical settings due to the protracted healing process. Physical activity may be a useful adjuvant treatment to improve healing outcomes. However, a low level of physical activity is still observed in patients with venous leg ulcers and the reasons are multifactorial. A comprehensive understanding of the barriers and enablers to physical activity participation from different perspectives is crucial to develop workable interventions and achieve desired healing outcomes. The review will consider qualitative studies that focus on evidence concerning the barriers and enablers influencing physical activity level in adults diagnosed with venous leg ulcers in all settings. Relevant studies will be searched in MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus, PsycINFO, and Emcare databases. Only studies published in English will be considered, with no date limits. Two independent reviewers will perform title and abstract screening and the full text of potential eligible studies will be retrieved and assessed against the inclusion criteria. All eligible studies will be appraised for methodological quality. Qualitative data will be extracted manually by two independent reviewers. A meta-aggregation approach will be used to pool and categorize findings from the included studies. The ConQual approach will be used to grade the final synthesized findings to determine confidence in the analysis findings. PROSPERO CRD42021238579.

Mindsets predict physical activity and management strategies in individuals with knee osteoarthritis

Mindsets predict physical activity and management strategies in individuals with knee osteoarthritis

Determinants of Physical Activity Engagement in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: The Need for an Individualized Approach to Lifestyle Interventions.

Physical activity (PA) is an important non-pharmacological treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study investigated the determinants of PA engagement and awareness of the World Health Organization (WHO) PA guidelines in patients with NAFLD. Study participants were 101 patients with NAFLD (median age: 54 [IQR=15] y; 53 men and 48 women) who completed 4 questionnaires: (1) a PA guideline awareness questionnaire; (2) a PA questionnaire assessing PA levels; and (3) 2 questionnaires assessing perceived barriers and motivators for engaging in PA. Binary logistic regression was performed to assess predictors of PA levels. Twenty-four percent of participants correctly identified the recommended WHO weekly PA guidelines, and 39% adhered to the guidelines. Lack of willpower, time, and energy were the most frequently cited barrier domains. Scores for lack of willpower (odds ratio [OR]=1.445, 95% CI=1.088-1.919) and lack of resources (OR=1.378, 95% CI=1.003-1.893), and reporting 3 or more "significant" barrier domains (OR=5.348, 95% CI=1.792-15.873) were significant predictors of PA levels. Maintaining health and fitness was the most cited motivator domain and was a significant predictor (OR=2.551, 95% CI=1.253-5.208) of PA levels. This study highlights the lack of awareness of the WHO PA guidelines and the key determinants of PA participation in patients with NAFLD. Determinants of PA should be identified at the individual level to create a personalized approach for PA maintenance for people with NAFLD to promote lifelong participation in PA. This study closes a gap in the published data on the determinants of PA engagement in patients with NAFLD. Physical inactivity is the fourth leading cause of global mortality and contributes to many chronic inflammatory diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). People with NAFLD engage in less physical activity compared with people who are healthy, and this study provides new information that clinicians can use to help these patients increase their physical activity participation.

Physical activity in patients with oligo- and polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis diagnosed in the era of biologics: a controlled cross-sectional study

BackgroundKnowledge about objectively measured levels of physical activity (PA) and PA participation (included facilitators and barriers for PA) in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) diagnosed in the era of biologics is limited. We aimed to compare objectively measured PA in patients with oligo- and polyarticular JIA diagnosed in the biologic era with controls and to examine associations between PA and disease variables; furthermore, to explore participation in PA, physical education (PE) and facilitators and barriers for PA participation in patients and controls.MethodsThe study cohort included 60 patients (30 persistent oligo JIA/30 poly-articular disease) and 60 age- and sex-matched controls. Age range was 10–16 years and 83% were female. PA was measured with accelerometry for seven consecutive days. Disease activity, current treatment, disease duration, functional ability, pain and fatigue were assessed. Structured interviews were applied to explore participation in PA and PE, and PA facilitators and barriers.ResultsPatients spent less time in daily vigorous PA than controls, (mean(SE) 21(2) min vs. 26(2) min, p = 0.02), while counts per minute (cpm), steps daily, sedentary time and light and moderate PA did not differ. No differences were found between JIA subgroups. The use of biologic medication was associated with higher cpm and lower sedentary time. Most patients and controls participated in organized or unorganized PA and PE, and enjoyment was the most reported facilitator for PA participation. More patients than controls reported pain as a PA barrier.ConclusionThe PA levels and participation in patients with oligo- and polyarticular JIA are mostly comparable to controls, but patients still need to be encouraged to increase vigorous PA. Enjoyment is the most important facilitator for PA participation in patients with JIA.

Factors that promote or hinder physical activity participation in patients with colorectal cancer: A systematic review

espanolDiferentes estudios con pacientes de cancer colorrectal han demostrado que el ejercicio fisico tiene efectos fisicos y psicosociales positivos. Sin embargo, la mayoria de pacientes no cumple los criterios de actividad fisica recomendados. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar, a traves de una revision sistematica de la literatura, los factores asociados con la practica de actividad fisica en pacientes con cancer colorrectal. Para ello se realizo una busqueda en las bases de datos WEB OF SCIENCE, SCOPUS y SPORTDISCUS hasta febrero de 2016. Tras el proceso de seleccion, se retuvieron 23 articulos a texto completo. Los resultados permitieron identificar cuatro grandes categorias de factores relacionados con la practica de actividad fisica en esta poblacion: factores sociodemograficos, factores de salud (especificos y no especificos de la enfermedad), preferencias y experiencias previas, y factores motivacionales. Entre los resultados obtenidos, cabe destacar que la comorbilidad y la recepcion de terapia adyuvante (con sus correspondientes efectos secundarios como Physical activity in patients with colorectal cancer © Psy, Soc, & Educ, 2017, Vol. 9(2) 202 fatiga y nauseas), se relacionaron con una menor realizacion de actividad fisica. Variables como la actitud positiva, el apoyo familiar, la satisfaccion de las necesidades psicologicas basicas y la motivacion autodeterminada, se mostraron como facilitadores de la participacion en actividad fisica. Teniendo en cuenta estos resultados, es necesario desarrollar programas de actividad fisica ajustados a las caracteristicas particulares de esta poblacion y basados en estrategias motivacionales que favorezcan la adherencia a la practica. EnglishDifferent studies of patients with colorectal cancer have shown that physical activity has positive physical and psychosocial effects. However, most patients do not comply with the recommended criteria of physical activity. The aim of the present study was to analyze, by means of a systematic review of the literature, the factors associated with physical activity participation in patients with colorectal cancer. For this purpose, we conducted a search in the databases WEB OF SCIENCE, SCOPUS and SPORTDISCUS up to February of 2016. After the selection process, 23 full-text articles were retained. The results allowed identifying four large categories of factors related to physical activity participation in this population: sociodemographic factors, health factors(specific and nonspecific to the disease), prior experience and preferences, and motivational factors. Among the results obtained, comorbidity and the receiptof adjuvant therapy (with its corresponding side effects, such as fatigue and nausea) were related to less physical activity. Variables such as positive attitude, family support, satisfaction of basic psychological needs, and self-determined motivation were shown to be facilitators of physical activity. Taking into account these results, it is necessary to develop programs of physical activity adapted to the particular characteristics of this population and based on motivational strategies that promote adherence to physical activity.

Health-related quality of life and aerobic fitness in people with schizophrenia.

The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate whether aerobic fitness contributes to the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in people with schizophrenia, while adjusting for other previously-established contributory factors. Thirty-four male (34.1 ± 12.0 years) and 13 female (34.3 ± 9.2 years) participants performed a submaximal Astrand-Rhyming cycle ergometer test and completed the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and the Psychosis Evaluation tool for Common Use by Caregivers. After controlling for age and sex, illness duration (12.4 ± 11.2 years, r(2) = 0.38, P < 0.001), fewer positive (9.3 ± 4.3, r(2) = 0.30, P = 0.006) and cognitive (8.4 ± 3.8, r(2) = 0.28, P = 0.011) symptoms, and higher aerobic fitness (34.5 ± 8.7 ml O2 min(-1) kg(-1), r(2) = 0.36, P = 0.001) were found to be independent significant predictors of physical HRQoL (mean score 66.6 ± 18.5). However, when all variables were included in the same regression model, only illness duration (P = 0.004) and positive symptoms (P = 0.045) remained significant predictors, while there was a trend (P < 0.10) for age and aerobic fitness. The final model explained 54% of the variability in physical HRQoL. No significant correlates for mental HRQoL (54.9 ± 18.5) were found. People with schizophrenia might improve their physical HRQoL by improving their aerobic fitness. Mental health nurses should assist in facilitating improvements in aerobic fitness through facilitating physical activity participation in patients with schizophrenia.

Changes in physical activity, physical fitness, self-perception and quality of life following a 6-month physical activity counseling and cognitive behavioral therapy program in outpatients with binge eating disorder

The aim of the current study was to explore the associations between changes in the number of binges, physical activity participation, physical fitness, physical self-perception and quality of life following a 6-month physical activity counseling and cognitive behavioral program in patients with binge eating disorder (BED). In total 34 (31 women) outpatients with BED (38.5±10.7 years) completed a 6-month 1-day per week group-based program. Participants completed the 36-item Short Form Health Survey, the Baecke Physical Activity questionnaire, the Physical Self Perception Profile and performed a 6-min walk test (6MWT) at baseline, after 3 and 6 months. Except for physical activity at work, physical strength and self-worth perception, all parameters significantly improved after 6 months. The effect sizes ranged from −0.33 for the number of binges to 1.67 for participation in sports activities. Significant increases in leisure time physical activity were associated with significant improvements in physical health related quality of life, perceived sports competence and physical fitness and in perceived body attractiveness. The significant reduction in the number of binges was associated with significant improvements in physical health related quality of life. Future research should focus on detailing which techniques can stimulate physical activity participation in patients with BED.

SOCIAL ANXIETY IN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PARTICIPATION IN PATIENTS WITH MENTAL ILLNESS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL MULTICENTER STUDY

Social anxiety (SA) is a frequent comorbid condition in patients with mental illness. However, no data exist regarding SA in physical activity (PA) situations. The aim of the present study was to measure the level of self-reported SA in PA participation in patients with mental illness compared to healthy controls. Six hundred ninety-three patients with mental illness and 2,888 controls aged between 18 and 65 years completed the Physical Activity and Sport Anxiety Scale (PASAS). Group and gender differences in PASAS scores were tested by ANOVA and Scheffé's post hoc test. After controlling for gender (P < .05), the patient group (men 40.2 ± 14.4; women 49.2 ± 17) scored higher on the PASAS compared to control group (men 30.6 ± 12.2; women 37.3 ± 13.7). Within both groups, women reported higher levels of SA compared to men. Our data indicate that patients with mental illness reported higher levels of SA in PA situations compared to healthy control subjects. Health professionals should consider SA when trying to improve outcome and adherence of patients with mental illness to PA interventions.

Barriers and Enablers to Physical Activity Participation in Patients With COPD

Physical activity (PA) has been shown to improve symptoms in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Despite the high health and financial costs, the uptake of management strategies, particularly participation in PA and pulmonary rehabilitation (PR), are low. The review objective here was to identify potential barriers and enablers, which people with COPD report being associated with their participation in PA programs, including PR. A systematic search was undertaken to identify studies (published Jan 2000 to Aug 2011) reporting any barriers and enablers experienced by people with COPD regarding participation in PA and PR. Methodological quality of the studies was appraised using McMaster critical appraisal tools. A narrative summary of findings was undertaken reporting on individual study characteristics, country of origin, participants, and potential barriers and enablers. Eleven studies (8 qualitative and 3 quantitative) met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review. Several methodological issues (small sampling, poor description of data collection and analysis, issues with generalizability of the research findings) were common among included studies. Barriers identified included changing health status, personal issues, lack of support, external factors, ongoing smoking, and program-specific barriers. Enablers identified included social support, professional support, personal drivers, personal benefit, control of condition, specific goals, and program-specific enablers. The findings from this review may assist health professionals, patients, care givers and the wider community to develop effective strategies to promote participation in PA and PR among people with COPD.

A systematic review of correlates of physical activity in patients with schizophrenia

The present review evaluates systematically the published quantitative studies of correlates of PA in patients with schizophrenia. EMBASE, PsycINFO, PubMed, ISI Web of Science, CINAHL and PEDro were searched from their inception to 1 July 2011 combining the medical subject heading 'schizophrenia' with 'physical activity' or 'physical inactivity' or 'exercise' or 'health education' or 'health behaviour' or 'health promotion'. Out of 68 potentially eligible studies, 25 papers (n = 25,013) evaluating 36 correlates were included. Correlates consistently associated with lower PA participation are the presence of negative symptoms and cardio-metabolic comorbidity. Also, side-effects of antipsychotic medication, lack of knowledge on cardiovascular disease risk factors, no belief in the health benefits, a lower self-efficacy, other unhealthy lifestyle habits and social isolation correlated with lower PA participation. The quality of the PA measurement was not related to the proportion of significant associations (χ(2) = 3.8, P = 0.07). Current gaps in literature that need to be examined more in detail are the role of environmental and policy-level factors on PA participation in patients with schizophrenia. All correlates should be confirmed in prospective studies, and interventions to improve the modifiable variables should be developed and evaluated.