Physical Activity Levels In Individuals Research Articles

The role of physical activity in obesity: let's actively manage obesity

Obesity, physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour are major public health concerns. A complex interaction of many factors leads to obesity, which requires an individualised multicomponent management strategy. As new interventions become available to help individuals manage obesity, it is essential that physical activity remains a core part of the approach. Here, we summarise current evidence regarding the benefits of physical activity as part of a management strategy of obesity. Additionally, we discuss current methods for increasing physical activity levels in individuals with obesity and outline the role of sport and exercise medicine physicians as part of the multidisciplinary team.

Determining the Relationship Between Sleep Quality and Physical Activity in Adults

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between sleep quality and physical activity. This study was planned as a descriptive relational study. The study was carried out with 317 adult individuals registered in a Family Health Center located in Selçuklu district of Konya province. A personal information form, prepared by researchers and questioning socio - demographic characteristics, International Physical Activity Questionnaire and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used. Two independent samples ttest and one-way Anova were used for normally distributed data. It was observed that as the physical activity score averages of the individuals increased, the sleep quality score averages decreased. In line with the results of the study, it was found that there is asignificant relationship between the physical activity levels of individuals and their sleep quality. It has been concluded that individuals get better quality sleep with the increase in their physical activity level.

Physical Activity and Fitness Levels of Individuals With Ataxia: A Cross-Sectional Study

ObjectiveTo investigate physical activity levels of individuals with ataxia and correlate fitness to ataxia severity. DesignAn observational study SettingAn outpatient ataxia clinic in a large, tertiary, urban hospital in the US. ParticipantsIndividuals with cerebellar ataxia (N=42). InterventionNot applicable. Main Outcome MeasureParticipants were classified as sedentary or physically active using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Maximal oxygen consumption (V̇o2max) as an indicator of fitness level was measured, and ataxia severity was determined by the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA). Mixed effect models were used to correlate ataxia severity to fitness levels. ResultsMost participants (28 out of 42) lived sedentary lifestyles, and these individuals had poor fitness levels (only 67.3% of their predicted measure). The main barriers to physical activity included lack of energy, lack of time, and fear of falling. There were no differences in age, sex, disease type, disease duration, ataxia severity, fatigue level, and medication use between sedentary and active groups. Measures of V̇o2max, maximal work, maximal heart rate, and anerobic threshold demonstrated statistically significant differences between groups whereas maximal respiratory rate and expired ventilation/carbon dioxide production were similar between groups. When adjusting for age, sex, functional mobility status, and disease duration, ataxia severity was inversely correlated with fitness level in the sedentary group. There was no relationship between ataxia severity and fitness level in the 14 individuals who were physically active. ConclusionsLower fitness levels were associated with more ataxia symptoms in the sedentary group. This relationship was not seen in individuals who were more active. Given the poor health outcomes associated with low fitness, physical activity should be encouraged in this population.

Níveis de atividade física em pessoas internadas com Acidente Vascular Cerebral: revisão sistemática

Introduction: Stroke presents multiple associated consequences. Due to diminished functionality, post-stroke individuals often exhibit low engagement in moderate to vigorous physical activity (PA), not reaching recommended minimum levels. PA, apart from its additional benefits, is crucial as a non-pharmacological preventative strategy, providing neuroprotective effects against neurological diseases, mitigating their impact, delaying their progression, and potentially preventing recurrences. Objective: To review and analyse studies assessing PA levels in hospitalized individuals diagnosed with stroke, via either interval or continuous monitoring for a minimum duration of six hours during the most active periods of the day. Methodology: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, PEDro, and CENTRAL databases using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology. We included any types of studies that monitored PA levels in individuals aged over 18 years with stroke, who were hospitalized, and whose outcomes were not related to specific intervention effects. Results: After applying the inclusion criteria, 27 studies were included. Of these, 14 monitored PA via device-based methods, and 13 used behavioural mapping. Due to the methodological heterogeneity of the studies, it was not feasible to conduct a meta-analysis. Conclusion: Hospitalized post-stroke individuals spend large periods of time inactive and sedentary, potentially not meeting the established recommendations for PA levels in this condition.

Pain, kinesiophobia, functional status, and physical activity among patients with knee osteoarthritis

Aims: The present study attempted to investigate the relationship between pain, kinesiophobia, functionality, and physical activity among patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: We recruited 88 patients aged 40-70 years with OA, 21 males and 67 females, who applied to Gebze Fatih State Hospital, Department of Physical Therapy and Orthopedic Clinic between February 2022 and January 2023. We evaluated the patients’ pain status with the Visual Pain Scale (VAS), their functional status with the WOMAC Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), their kinesiophobia with the TAMPA Scale for Kinesiophobia (TKS), and their physical activity levels with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF). We performed all statistical analyses using SPSS 25.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, ABD) and p-value < 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant. Results: The majority of the participants were females (76.1%, n=67), and the mean body mass index (BMI) was found to be 30.33. The findings revealed low positive correlations between the patients’ BMI and their VAS (p=0.029) and WOMAC scores (p=0.017). While we found a moderate positive relationship between the patients’ VAS and WOMAC scores (p=0.001), it was low between their TAMPA and WOMAC scores (p=0.001). Conclusion: As a result of the study, the relationship between pain, kinesiophobia, functional status and physical activity levels of individuals with knee OA was revealed; The necessity of planning applications to increase the physical activity level of these individuals and to reduce their body mass index has been underlined.

Physical activity levels of individuals with chronic musculoskeletal disorders: Their relationship with barriers and facilitators.

Individuals with chronic musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) often avoid physical activity (PA) and exercise although these are the key factors in managing their condition and pain. To determine the PA levels of individuals with chronic MSD and their relationship with barriers and facilitators. Three hundred and five subjects with five MSD groups; fibromyalgia, myofascial pain, osteoarthritis, periarticular regional pain and degenerative spine problems were included in the study. The visual analogue scale was used to assess pain, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale to assess emotional impact, and the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) to assess quality of life. PA levels were categorised by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. Perceived barriers and facilitators for PA/exercise were determined by questionnaire. 66 (21.6%) were male, 239 (78.4%) were female. 196 (64.3%) of the subjects were physically inactive, 94 (31.1%) low-active, and 15 (4.6%) sufficiently active. The most frequently reported barriers for PA/exercise were fatigue/feeling too tired (72.1%), pain (66.2%), and lack of motivation/willingness (54.4%). The most frequently reported facilitators were the desire to be in good health (72.8%), enjoying exercise (59.7%), and the desire to keep fit and lose weight (59%). The level of PA in individuals with MSD was quite low. Identifying the underlying causes of PA is important since PA/exercise is beneficial for musculoskeletal health. Yet, barriers and facilitators for PA were revealed for this study population. Identifying and understanding these barriers and facilitators would facilitate the individualised PA/exercise programs for both clinical practice and research.

Community Health Improvement Plans and Physical Activity Implementation Strategies: Findings From a Cross-Sectional Survey of US Local Health Departments.

Community Health Improvement Plans (CHIPs) are a foundational public health practice conducted by every accredited health department in the United States. Community Health Improvement Plans may impact community-wide physical activity (PA) by implementing large-scale interventions. However, no studies have evaluated whether, or how, CHIP goals focusing on increasing PA are implemented. This study aims to understand CHIP PA goals, implementation strategies, and implementation outcomes of CHIP nationally. This study was a cross-sectional online survey of CHIP implementation. A random sample of accredited local health departments nationally. Local health departments (N = 44) were invited to participate in this study. Constructs from Proctor's Model of Implementation Research and implementation strategies were the main outcomes assessed. Most CHIPs included PA goals (72.7%). Goals most commonly focused on changing built environment and infrastructure (25.9%), increasing education and awareness (22.2%), increasing PA programming (18.5%), and partnering with health care (18.5%). Common implementation strategies used were designing and evaluating their CHIPs (72.7%) and developing relationships with stakeholders (72.7%). Respondents reported that CHIPS were able to be adopted, acceptable for the community, and feasible. Community Health Improvement Plans were also reported to be safe, yet respondents reported effectiveness lower than other constructs. Participants reported that individual-level PA was unlikely to change due to their CHIP (mean = 3.39, SD = 1.12). Overall, it seems that communities are choosing easily adopted, appropriate, feasible, and safe interventions that may be less effective over those that may produce large-scale improvement in PA behavior. Future research needs to be conducted on the process of CHIP implementation and the potential long-term outcomes. Community Health Improvement Plans may serve as a powerful tool to improve population health if implemented effectively.

Demographic and Clinical Correlates of Device-Measured Physical Activity Levels in Individuals with Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome

ObjectiveTo compare physical activity (PA) levels between individuals with femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) and uninjured controls and determine correlates of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). DesignCross-sectional, comparative study. SettingUniversity laboratory. ParticipantsA total number of 25 individuals with FAIS (15 female; age, 31.0±9.2 years; symptom duration, 4.7±7.1 years) and 14 uninjured controls (9 female; age, 28.0±9.1 years) (N=39). InterventionsNot applicable. Main Outcome MeasuresAll individuals wore an accelerometer around the waist during waking hours for 7 days. We compared demographic, clinical data, and PA levels between groups using independent samples t tests and compared the proportions of those meeting the PA guideline cutoff (150min/wk) using a chi-square test. Additionally, we examined correlates of mean daily MVPA using linear regression in both groups. ResultsIndividuals with FAIS spent less time in MVPA (controls, 52.1±25.6min/d; FAIS, 26.9±19.1min/d; P=.001) and took fewer steps (controls, 8428±2931 steps/d; FAIS, 6449±2527 steps/d; P=.033) than uninjured controls. A lower proportion of individuals with FAIS met the PA cutoff (40.0%) compared with uninjured controls (78.6%; P=.020). Higher body mass index (BMI) values and lower (worse) Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS)–Quality of Life subscale scores were associated with lower mean daily MVPA in those with FAIS (R2=21.2%, P=.021; R2=22.0%, P=.018; respectively) but not in uninjured controls. ConclusionsIndividuals with FAIS spent less time in daily MVPA, took fewer daily steps, and met recommended PA guideline cutoffs at lower proportions compared with uninjured controls. Higher BMI and lower HOOS-Quality of Life scores were associated with lower mean daily MVPA. Interventions should be developed for individuals with FAIS to increase PA engagement to potentially lessen the risk of future comorbidities associated with decreased PA and increased BMI.

Association between functional capacity, sleep disorder and physical activity level in individuals with Parkinson's disease during the covid-19 pandemic period: a cross-sectional study

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar o nível de atividade física, considerando as condições sociodemográficas, clínicas e funcionais, de pessoas idosas com Doença de Parkinson (DP). Método Foi realizado um estudo transversal a partir dos seguintes dados: nível de atividade física (International Physical Activity Questionnaire versão curta - IPAQ curto), transtornos do sono, queixa cognitiva, tempo de doença, grau de dependência para realizar atividades básicas do dia a dia pela escala Schwab & England (S & E) de indivíduos idosos com DP atendidos em um serviço de saúde terciário, durante a pandemia da covid-19. Regressão de Poisson, teste U de Mann-Whitney e teste t de Student foram utilizados para análise estatística. Resultados A cada 10 pontos de elevação na escala de S & E, a razão de prevalência de ser ativo foi maior em 1,04 (IC 95% 1,01 – 1,08) e quem não referiu transtorno de sono teve razão de prevalência de 1,17 (IC95% 1,02-1,34) vez maior de ser ativo. Indivíduos com DP inativos eram mais velhos e tinham maior tempo de doença. Conclusão Ênfase deve ser dada a capacidade funcional e ao sono de indivíduos com DP para o manejo adequado do nível de AF em períodos de restrição social.

The effect of individuals physical activity level on healthy lifestyle and perception health in the Covid-19 pandemic process

This research was planned in a descriptive relational type in order to evaluate the effect of physical activity level of individuals in the Covid-19 pandemic process on healthy lifestyle behaviors and health perception. The research was carried out with 1577 people between the ages of 18-65. Data from individuals were collected by online survey method. Data from individuals were collected by online survey method. Personal information form, Health Perception Scale and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale II were used to collect data. The One Way Anova test was used in more than two groups to evaluate the relationship between physical activity characteristics and the scale of healthy lifestyle behaviors and health perception scale, and the Tukey test was used for comparison between groups.. When the physical activity status of the individuals was evaluated, it was found that 61,4% sometimes, 16,2% frequently, 11,7% never and 10,7% regularly exercised. When individuals' healthy lifestyle behaviors and physical activity levels are evaluated; Health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, spiritual development, interpersonal relationships, stress management and scale total scores were found to be higher in those who do physical activity. When individuals' perception of health and their level of physical activity are evaluated; Self-awareness, importance of health and scale total scores were found to be higher in those who do physical activity. In line with the results of this study, women, married, primary school graduates and those with low economic status were included in the risk group in terms of physical activity. The conclusion that individuals who do not engage in physical activity have a negative impact on the sub-dimensions of healthy lifestyle behaviors, health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, spiritual development, interpersonal relationships and stress management, and health perception total score, control center, self-awareness, precision, and the importance of health sub-dimensions.

The Relationship Between Physical Activity Level and Quality of Life in Individuals with Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a serious mental illness that leads to poor quality of life (QOL). Lack of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior are among the risk factors that cause this condition. This study explored the relationship between PA levels and QOL in individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder. 27 individuals with BD who received service from a Community Mental Health Center (CMHC) participated to the study. Inclusion criteria were being 18-59 years of age, regularly using of medication, and being in remission. The individuals with psychiatric comorbidities such as intellectual disability, organic brain disease, alcohol/substance abuse, and circadian rhythm disorder were omitted. All participants filled out Sociodemographic Data Form, International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), and World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale-Short Form (WHOQOL-BREF). Most participants were not physically active (77.8%), and 22.2% had low physical activity levels. The mean IPAQ-SF score (MET minutes per week) was 363.87±337.06. The QOL-general health mean score was 6.88±1.62. The IPAQ-total score was significantly positively correlated with WHOQOL-BREF Psychological (p<0.05) and WHOQOL-BREF General mean scores (p<0.01). The correlation between IPAQ-total score and physical, social, and environment subscales was not statistically significant. Study findings revealed that there was a need to increase the PA levels of individuals with BD. Also, it has been found that as PA increases, individuals' psychological QOL increases. For this reason, it is essential to implement healthy life groups and follow up in terms of metabolic syndrome and chronic disorders in CMHCs for improving QOL.

Factors associated with meeting physical activity guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic impacted individual physical activity levels. Less is known regarding how factors such as sociodemographic and built environment were associated with physical activity engagement during the pandemic. Understanding these factors is critical to informing future infectious disease mitigation policies that promote, rather than hinder physical activity. The purpose of this study was to assess predictors of physical activity levels during the beginning of the pandemic (April-June 2020), including Stay-at-Home length and orders, neighborhood safety, and sociodemographic characteristics.MethodsData included 517 participants who responded to an anonymous online survey. Physical activity was assessed with a modified Godin Leisure-time exercise questionnaire. We used logistic regression models to estimate unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations between independent variables (e.g., demographic variables, neighborhood safety, COVID Stay-at-Home order and length of time) and physical activity levels that did not meet (i.e., < 600 metabolic equivalents of task [MET]-minutes/week) or met guidelines (i.e., ≥ 600 MET-minutes/week). We used R-Studio open-source edition to clean and code data and SAS V9.4 for analyses. ResultsMost participants were 18–45 years old (58%), female (79%), Hispanic (58%), and college/post-graduates (76%). Most (70%) reported meeting physical activity guidelines. In multivariate-adjusted analyses stratified by income, in the highest income bracket (≥ $70,000) pet ownership was associated with higher odds of meeting physical activity guidelines (aOR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.23, 4.55), but this association did not persist for other income groups. We also found lower perceived neighborhood safety was associated with significantly lower odds of meeting physical activity guidelines (aOR = 0.15, 95% CI:0.04–0.61), but only among individuals in the lowest income bracket (< $40,000). Within this lowest income bracket, we also found that a lower level of education was associated with reduced odds of meeting physical activity guidelines.DiscussionWe found that perceived neighborhood safety, education and pet ownership were associated with meeting physical activity guidelines during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, but associations differed by income. These findings can inform targeted approaches to promoting physical activity during subsequent waves of COVID-19 or future pandemics.

Abstract 14974: Diabetic Cardiomyopathy is Associated With Worsening of Quality of Life Long Before the Development of Overt Heart Failure: Lessons From the Baseline Analysis of the Arise-Hf Study

Introduction: Diabetic Cardiomyopathy (DbCM) is a form of HF occurring in the absence of other causes of cardiac dysfunction such as hypertension, CAD, or valvular diseases in individuals with diabetes. The ARISE-HF study is designed to investigate the efficacy of AT-001, a novel aldose reductase inhibitor, in preventing the worsening of functional capacity in patients with DbCM. Hypothesis: The impact of DbCM on quality of life is greater than previously recognized, as patients with DbCM often adopt lifestyle changes to mitigate the impact of early symptoms. The hypothesis of the present study is that avoidance of physical activities in patients with DbCM may mask the clinical presentation of structural and functional myocardial changes that have occurred. Methods: The objective of the study was to investigate the physical activity levels in individuals with DbCM. We included patients with T2DM, age ≥60 years (or age ≥40 to &lt;60 years with duration of diabetes ≥10 years or eGFR &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 ), LVEF ≥45% in the presence of either elevated NTproBNP levels or elevated hs-cTn or echocardiographic abnormalities. Patients enrolled in the study had an impaired functional capacity measured as peak VO 2 &lt; 75% of predicted normal. Patients completed the Physical Activity Scale (PASE) questionnaire, a validated test designed to measure the amount of physical activity carried out during the prior week. Exclusion criteria included prior diagnosis of overt HF, history of CVD leading to cardiac dysfunction, elevated BP levels, and uncontrolled 2TDM (HbA1c&gt;8.5%). Results: We evaluated 363 patients (mean age 67.5 + 7.1 years, 47% female, BMI 30.3 + 4.6, NTproBNP 113.4 + 252.7 pg/mL, and HbA1c 7.0 + 0.8%) with diagnosis of DbCM. PASE score (mean 157.9 + 94) was indicative of reduced physical activity and was associated (p&lt;0.001) with peak VO 2 uptake (r= 0.31), underscoring the relationship between functional capacity and physical activity level. Conclusions: DbCM is a form of HF leading to decreased cardiac functional capacity. Many patients with DbCM have reduced their daily physical activities to mitigate the presentation of symptoms of fatigue; however, their quality of life is significantly affected by the disease even before the progression to overt HF.

Gait-related self-efficacy is directly associated with daily step counts in individuals with knee osteoarthritis

BackgroundIn addition to physical factors, psychological factors such as self-efficacy (SE) reportedly affect physical activity (PA) levels in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, the relationship between PA and SE for walking tasks in patients with knee OA remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the direct and indirect pathways of SE for walking tasks and the influence of previously reported factors on PA level in individuals with knee OA. MethodsA cross-sectional design was employed. Eighty-five individuals with knee OA were enrolled. The daily step count (Steps) was considered an objective level of PA. The SE for the walking task was assessed using a modified Gait Efficacy Scale (mGES). Data on gait speed (GS), the visual analog scale (VAS) score for knee pain, Kellgren–Lawrence (K–L) grade of radiographic severity of knee OA, age, and body mass index were collected. Path analysis was performed to investigate the direct and indirect effects of these variables on Steps. ResultsAfter exclusion, 70 participants were included. The alternative model, which included Steps, mGES, GS, VAS, K–L grade, and age, showed a good fit. mGES and age had a direct effect on Steps (standardized path coefficients: 0.337 and −0.542, respectively), while the other variables had indirect effects. ConclusionsThe SE for walking tasks was directly associated with Steps representative of the PA level. This finding suggests that SE for the walking task may be important in improving PA levels in individuals with knee OA.

Health Problems and Physical Activity Levels of Individuals with Chronic Diseases During COVID-19 Lockdown

Objective: This study aims to investigate through the Omaha System (OS) the health problems and physical activity (PA) levels of the individuals with chronic diseases during COVID-19 lockdown and related factors. &#x0D; Method: A descriptive-correlational design was used in the study. The research sample consisted of 182 individuals who had chronic diseases and were in home isolation. Personal information form, “Omaha System Problem Classification Sheme (PCS)”, and “International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-Short Form)” were used to collect data.&#x0D; Results: The rate of individuals having insufficient PA was 57.7%. The most common health problems in PCS were nutrition, oral health, sleep and rest pattern. A significant relationship was found between the PA level and time spent sitting, isolation period and environmental domain problems (p

Recent Developments regarding Exergames and Individuals with Disabilities

Exergames are digital interactive games that require physical movements of upper and lower limbs by the users to achieve simulation with the game screen. Their effects regarding the maintenance of fitness levels and the improvement of their overall health, is proven to be positive. Due to attractiveness, they offer an innovative way to increase physical activity levels of individuals with disabilities. Exergaming may provide both entertainment and multiple benefits for the users while their engagement with the games may produce a positive mood state, socialization, improvement of well-being and good outcomes. Digital environment provides the possibility for the users to participate at the games on equal terms, regardless of academic performance and type of disability. Individuals with disabilities are less physically active compared to individuals without disabilities. As a result, their fitness levels appear to be lower compared to general population and that may cause cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity and depression. The main reason for this is the absence of motivation to participate in physical education programs. Therefore, it might be meaningful to increase their physical activity levels using exergames. The purpose of this study was to explore the possible benefits of exergames on individuals with disabilities. To achieve this, an extensive research and record of relevant publications in recent years took place. Results indicate that exergames had positive effects on individuals with disabilities and although they should not replace their participation at exercise programs in real environments, they can be used in combination with exercise programs adapted to their needs. More specifically, results suggest that exergames are useful, attractive, and efficient tools for enhancing physical activity levels and attitudes. Additionally, studies reveal social, emotional, and motor benefits as well as improvements in communication skills contributing positively to the quality of their life.

Perceived barriers and enablers influencing physical activity in heart failure: A qualitative one-to-one interview study.

In heart failure (HF), increased physical activity is associated with improved quality of life, reduced hospitalisation, and increased longevity and is an important aim of treatment. However, physical activity levels in individuals living with HF are typically extremely low. This qualitative study with one-to-one interviews systematically explores perceived clinical, environmental, and psychosocial barriers and enablers in older adults (≥70 years old) living with HF. Semi-structured interviews (N = 16) based on the Theoretical Domains Framework elicited 39 belief statements describing the barriers and enablers to physical activity. Theoretical domains containing these beliefs and corresponding constructs that were both pervasive and common were deemed most relevant. These were: concerns about physical activity (Beliefs about Consequences), self-efficacy (Beliefs about Capabilities), social support (Social Influences), major health event (Environmental Context and Resources), goal behavioural (Goal), action planning (Behavioural Regulation). This work extends the limited research on the modifiable barriers and enablers for physical activity participation by individuals living with HF. The research findings provide insights for cardiologists, HF-specialist nurses, and physiotherapists to help co-design and deliver a physical activity intervention more likely to be effective for individuals living with HF.

Abstract 439: Physical activity among male cancer survivors during the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly disrupted the lives of cancer survivors. Beyond being at increased risk for COVID-19 infection and severe complications, cancer survivors may be at higher risk of other consequential health outcomes compared to those without a history of cancer. Engagement in physical activity has been shown to positively affect cancer survivorship outcomes, and as such, it is important to assess physical activity habits during the pandemic of cancer survivors. Aim: To investigate the individual-level physical activity among male cancer survivors during the COVID-19 pandemic and compare to men without cancer. Methods: Participants of the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, enrolled since 1986, were asked to self-report health behaviors during the pandemic on three web-based questionnaires administered during the COVID-19 pandemic (baseline COVID: October 2020, first follow-up: January 2021, second follow-up: April 2021). Physical activity measures were analyzed descriptively between cancer survivors and individuals without a history of cancer. Outcomes were recoded dichotomously to reflect either: healthful (i.e., higher engagement since pandemic) vs unchanged/unhealthful behavior or high vs low engagement in an activity. Logistic regression models were employed to assess association with cancer survivor status and were adjusted for covariates such as age, race, pre-pandemic BMI, pre-pandemic physical activity, and other health information, as appropriate. Results: Of 4,416 men who completed the baseline COVID-19 questionnaire, 962 were cancer survivors (after excluding those with non-melanoma skin cancer). Of all eligible men (median age: 78 years) reporting on physical activity, over 50% walked for at least 2-3 hours per week, over 10% used a stationary bike for at least 1 hour per week, 14% engaged in yoga for at least 1 hour per week, and nearly 20% engaged in vigorous activity for at least 1 hour per week. Further, 42% engaged in high (1+ times per day) levels of mindfulness and 24% engaged in high (1+ times per day) levels of yoga. Engagement in vigorous physical activity was significantly lower among cancer survivors compared to individuals without a history of cancer (Chi-square p = 0.01). Conclusion: Our findings suggest older men had high engagement in physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic, with vigorous physical activity engagement significantly lower in cancer survivors. Citation Format: Colleen B. McGrath, Alaina H. Shreves, Konrad Stopsack, Lilian Cheung, Ann Fisher, Sarah Markt, Lorelei A. Mucci. Physical activity among male cancer survivors during the COVID-19 pandemic [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 439.

Diabetogene Umweltfaktoren

Das Risiko, an einem Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 zu erkranken, wird maßgeblich von Merkmalen unserer physischen und sozialen Umwelt beeinflusst. Diese Umweltfaktoren wirken sich insbesondere auf das Ausmaß individueller körperlicher Aktivität sowie das Ernährungsverhalten aus. Weiterhin zählen die Exposition gegenüber Tabakrauch sowie Luftverschmutzung zu den etablierten Risikofaktoren. In den letzten Jahren rückten darüber hinaus weitere mögliche diabetogene Umweltaspekte in den Fokus der Forschung, darunter Umgebungslärm und andere stressfördernde Einflüsse sowie Chemikalien mit endokriner Wirkung. Im folgenden Beitrag wird der Forschungsstand zur Rolle von Umweltfaktoren bei der Entstehung eines Typ-2-Diabetes vorgestellt. Zudem wird diskutiert, wie diese Umweltfaktoren günstig beeinflusst werden können und was DiabetologInnen und andere Diabetesfachkräfte sowie PatientInnen mit Diabetes hierzu beitragen können.

Evaluatıon of Physical Activity Levels of Individuals with Mental Diseases in a Region

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the physical activity levels of individuals with mental illness living in a region. Method: This research is descriptive cross-sectional. The population of the study consisted of 46 individuals with mental illnesses registered to a family health center and all individuals who accepted to participate in the study without sampling selection method were included in the sample. The data were collected sociodemographic information form and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used. In the evaluation of the number and percentage of data distribution and chi-square test was used. Results: The mean age of the individuals was 33.02 ± 9.41, 60.9% were women, 63% were high school and above, 84% were living in the metropolitan, 52.2% perceived their health as moderate. It was found that 47.8% of them evaluated their income as bad. It was found that 50% of individuals had a diagnosis of schizophrenia and 39.1% had a diagnosis of 1-5 years. When the physical activity levels of the individuals were evaluated, it was seen that 58.7% were inactive. In terms of physical activity, it was seen that men, high school and above educated people, people living in the metropolitan area, those who perceive their health well and those who perceive their income as good are more active. When the characteristics of the disease were examined, it was found that individuals with schizophrenia and those with a diagnosis of 6-10 years were in better condition in terms of physical activity and the difference was found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: In terms of physical activity among the individuals with mental illness, women, primary school graduates, those who perceive their health as moderate, people living in the district, those who perceive their income as moderate and bad are in the risk group. In addition, having a diagnosis of bipolar and anxiety disorder and having mental illness for 1-5 years or 11 years or more is a risk factor for having low physical activity.