Phubbing Scale Research Articles

PENGARUH FEAR OF MISSING OUT, ADIKSI SMARTPHONE, DAN LONELINESS TERHADAP PERILAKU PHUBBING PADA GENERASI Z KOTA TANGERANG BANTEN

The presence of smartphones and their features provides various conveniences. But behind the convenience presented, smartphones can cause phubbing behavior problems. This study aims to test whether there is an effect of fear of missing out (FoMO), smartphone addiction, and loneliness on phubbing behavior. This study used a quantitative approach. The research sample amounted to 340 Generation Z aged 15 to 27 years who owned smartphones and were domiciled in Kota Tangerang. Sampling using a non-probability sampling technique, namely convenience sampling. The measuring instruments used in this study were The Phubbing Scale (PS) instrument scale, the Trait-State Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) scale (T-SFoMOS), a modification of the smartphone addiction scale-short version (SAS-SV), and A Rasch-Type Loneliness Scale. This study used multiple regression analysis techniques. The results of the analysis proved that the hypothesis was accepted, namely, there was a significant influence of the variables fear of missing out (FoMO), smartphone addiction, and loneliness on phubbing behavior by 0.841 or 84.1%, and the remaining 15.9% was influenced by other variables outside this study.

Psychometric properties of the Spanish adaptation of the General Phubbing Scale

Introduction: The increased use of information and communication technologies, the internet and social networking sites has resulted in significant changes in the way people communicate, leading to negative consequences that might compromise psychological and physical health. The aim of this study was to present an adaptation and validation of the Generic Scale of Phubbing into a Spanish language context. Method: Three hundred forty-six Spanish respondents participated in the study by completing self-report measures for assessing their levels of phubbing, internet addiction, phone addiction, and fear of missing out (FoMO). Results: The scale adaptation to Spanish resulted in high quality psychometric properties and the original number of items and structure were preserved (nomophobia, interpersonal contact, self-isolation, and problem acknowledgement). In addition, the analysis of the relationship between variables showed that phubbing and its dimensions were positively associated with related constructs including internet addiction, phone addiction, and FoMO. Conclusions: The findings provide empirical evidence regarding the reliability and validity of the Spanish version of the Generic Scale of Phubbing as a tool to assess phubbing behaviours.

The reducing phubbing behavior among high school students: Application of live modeling technique

The phenomenon of phubbing, which is increasingly widespread, especially among students, is caused by excessive use of social media on smartphones. However, serious handling is needed to reduce such addictive behavior. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the level of classical guidance with live modeling techniques related to communication disorders and smartphone obsession of students in State Senior High School 1 Kencong Jember Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach and field research type with one group pretest-posttest design experiment method, the sample was determined purposively with 35 students out of 1116 populations. The instrument used in this research is a phubbing scale which has been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis used paired sample t-test. The research results showed that there were differences in students' phubbing levels before and after being given classical guidance treatment using live modeling techniques. Aspects of phubbing which include communication disturbance and smartphone dependency, both decreased significantly after being given treatment in the form of classical guidance on live modeling techniques. Counselors can use live modeling as an alternative guidance technique to reduce phubbing.

Examining the Relationship between Phubbing and Mental Health among University Students: A Mixed Study

This study aims to examine the association between phubbing in college students and mental health, the dimensions of the association, and the source of this association. The study has the characteristics of an explanatory sequential mixed design, in which qualitative data from mixed designs are interpreted to explain quantitative data. In the quantitative phase of the study, data were collected from 305 participants. In this phase, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, regression analysis, and independent samples t-test were applied to the collected data. In the second phase, in which qualitative data were collected, data were gathered through focus group interviews with 12 participants who had participated in the quantitative phase of the study. In terms of gender, it can be said that female students experience more phobia, anxiety, depression, and stress than male students. According to the results of the qualitative research phase, the participants of the focus group interview indicated that the individuals who exhibit phubbing behaviours are introverted, lonely and abandoned, shy, anxious, poor in communication, and technology dependent. In addition, reasons for interest in smartphones may include relaxation, boredom, avoiding people, escaping stress and depression, escaping negative situations, motivation, following the daily activities of others, or escaping chat environments that do not interest them and that they consider unimportant.

A phubbing scale tested in Bangladesh, Iran, and Pakistan: confirmatory factor, network, and Rasch analyses

BackgroundPhubbing, a phenomenon of ignoring others in face-to-face conversations due to mobile phone use, can be assessed using a Phubbing Scale (PS). Recently, the PS has been shortened into an eight-item version, the PS-8. However, psychometric properties of the PS-8 among Iranian, Bangladeshi and Pakistani individuals remain understudied, especially using advanced psychometric testing, such as Rasch and network analyses.MethodsParticipants residing in Iran, Bangladesh, and Pakistan (n = 1902; 50.4% females; mean age = 26.3 years) completed the PS-8 and the Internet Disorder Scale-Short Form (IDS9-SF) via an online survey. Network analysis was used to examine if PS-8 items were differentiated from IDS9-SF items; confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to examine the factor structure and measurement invariance of the PS-8; Rasch modeling was used to examine the dimensionality of the PS-8 and differential item functioning (DIF).ResultsNetwork analysis showed that PS-8 items were clustered together with a distance to the IDS9-SF items. The CFA results supported a two-factor structure of the PS-8, and the two-factor structure was found to be invariant across countries and women and men. Rasch model results indicated that the two PS-8 subscales were both unidimensional and did not display DIF across countries and gender/sex.ConclusionThe PS-8 is a feasible and robust instrument for healthcare providers, especially mental health professionals, to quickly assess and evaluate individuals’ phubbing behaviors.

Investigation Psychological Factors Effecting the Phubbing Behavior of Young Adults with Different Structural Equation Models

The aim of this study is to examine the serial mediating roles of shyness, interaction anxiety, interaction anxiety, and true self-perception on the internet in the relationship between self-esteem and phubbing. A total of 646 people, including 391 women (60.5%) and 255 men (39.5%), participated in the study. The ages of the study participants ranged from 18 to 45 (mean= 28.11, SD= 8.25) data from the research were collected with the Self-Esteem Scale, Interaction Anxiety Scale, General Phubbing Scale, Revised Buss and Check Shyness Scale, UCLA Loneliness Scale- Short Form, and True Me on the Net Scale. The descriptive statistics of the data collected in the study were calculated and correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationships between the variables. Mediation analyses in the research were made by using Hayes process macro-Model 6. As a result of serial mediation analysis, it is seen that the total effect of self-esteem on phubbing is significant. In addition, it was found that shyness, loneliness, interaction anxiety, and true self-perception on the internet had a significant direct effect on phubbing. Finally, shyness, interaction anxiety, loneliness, and true self-perception on the internet were found to have significant multiple serial mediating roles in the relationship between self-esteem and phubbing.

Effects of Smartphone Addiction, Social Media Addiction and Fear of Missing Out on University Students’ Phubbing: A Structural Equation Model

ABSTRACT Phubbing is a multidimensional disorder in which many addictions intersect due to the nature of smartphones. Therefore, determining the variables that predict the concept of phubbing, the chronic addiction of the digital age, is expected to provide important insights into this behavior. In this regard, the main purpose of the current research is to examine the impact of smartphone addiction, social media addiction, and fear of missing out (FoMO) on phubbing. Data for the study were collected from 208 students at a state university in Turkey. Randomly selected students were reached by the convenience sampling method. The study was conducted in the spring semester of the academic year 2021–2022. The data collection instruments used were a personal information form, the smartphone addiction scale, the social media scale, the FoMO scale, and the Phubbing scale. The obtained data were analyzed using the structural equation model. The research results show that smartphone addiction and social media addiction influence phubbing. On the other hand, FoMO was found to have no influence on phubbing.

Гендерные особенности проявления фаббинга у курсантов образовательных организаций высшего образования МВД России

Introduction. Smartphones have changed the way people interact with each other in modern society. However, while they are becoming increasingly ubiquitous in human life, there is growing concern that they are often used at inappropriate times during social interactions. The article presents the results of a study of the phenomenon of «phubbing» as a dismissive attitude towards someone in a social environment, when the partner focuses on their mobile phone. Phubbing also significantly reduces the perceived quality of communication and satisfaction with relationships in a dyadic conversation. The article examines an attractive, although still limited, field of research that studies the phenomenon of phubbing in educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
 The purpose of the study was to determine the gender characteristics of the manifestation of phubbing in cadets of educational institutions of higher education of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
 Methodology, methods and techniques. A complex of empirical and mathematicalstatistical methods was used to analyze the manifestation of phubbing. Empirical data were obtained using the following methods: Phubbing Scale, consisting of 10 questions (Phubbing Scale, E. Karadağ, et al, 2015); four-factor Generic Scale of Phubbing (GSP), consisting of 15 questions, aimed at assessing the experience of exposure to phubbing. The following factors were identified as important: nomophobia, interpersonal conflict, self-isolation, recognition of the problem; Internet Addiction Test by Kimberly Young (Internet Addiction Test, IAT), translated and modified by V.A. Loskutova (Burova).
 Statistical processing of the research materials was performed using standard statistical procedures. Specialized application software packages «Excel» and «IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0» were used, providing the calculation of univariate statistics and comparative analysis. The study was
 conducted at the St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in 2023, among the 1st – 4th year cadets. The sample consisted of 1,054 respondents aged from 17 to 26, the average age was 19.99 ± 1,495, of which 561 were male (53.2%) and 493 were female (46.8%).
 The results of the study. A comparative analysis of the manifestation of phubbing in male and female cadets showed significant gender differences in the factors «nomophobia» and «recognition of the problem». Based on the negative averages, it can be concluded that there is no phubbing among cadets, which is confirmed by the results of the empirical study. It was also found that male cadets are less prone to phone addiction and recognition of the problem of addiction than female cadets. When studying the gender characteristics of Internet addiction, no significant differences between the sexes were found.
 Scientific novelty. For the first time, a study of gender features of the manifestations of phubbing in students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia was conducted. As a result of the study, the socio-psychological symptoms of phubbing in the educational environment were clarified.
 Practical significance. The obtained research results can be used in the process of training and psychological support of cadets of educational institutions of higher education of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.

The Psychometric Properties of the General Phubbing Scale in Adolescents

Purpose: Numerous studies indicate that the use of smartphones among adolescents has increased recently. Studies on phubbing generally focus on how parental phubbing affects adolescents. This study aims to contribute to the literature by revealing the validity and reliability of the scale measuring phubbing behavior in adolescents.
 
 Material and Methods: The sample included 206 adolescents aged 12-17 who applied to Pamukkale University Medical Faculty Hospital Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Outpatient Clinics and Kırıkkale Yüksek İhtisas Hospital Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic.
 
 Results: To evaluate the construct validity of the General Phubbing Scale (GPS) in adolescents, first and second level confirmatory factor analyses were performed. The data model fit was shown to be at an acceptable level. The general phubbing was negatively related to social connectedness and positively related to internet addiction. Test-retest analysis indicated that the subdimensions nomophobia, interpersonal conflict, self-isolation, problem acceptance, and total score were 0.82, 0.80, 0.71, 0.66 and 0.81, respectively. The coefficients of internal consistency for the subdimensions of nomophobia, interpersonal conflict, self-isolation, problem acceptance, and total score were 0.78, 0.85, 0.92, 0.77, and 0.94. Furthermore, it has been shown that the GPS structure was identical for both genders.
 
 Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the GPS can be used as a valid and reliable measurement tool for determining general phubbing levels for the clinical adolescent sample.

Partner Phubbing, Romantic Jealousy and Marital Satisfaction among Married Individuals

This study aimed to find out the relationship between partner phubbing, romantic jealousy and marital satisfaction among married individuals. Predictive role of partner phubbing and romantic jealousy on marital satisfaction was also aimed to explore. This study used cross-sectional research design. Data consisted of N=300 married individuals from major cities of Pakistan; n = 150 men n =150 women. Partner Phubbing Scale, Motives for Inducing Romantic Jealousy, ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale were used. Pearson product moment correlation and multiple hierarchical regression analyses were carried out. The result showed that partner phubbing was positively correlated with romantic jealousy. Partner phubbing and romantic jealousy were found to be negatively correlated with marital satisfaction. Results also revealed that partner phubbing and romantic jealousy negatively predicted marital satisfaction. It is concluded that increasing use of cell phones leads towards jealousy which in turn may impact relationship satisfaction and personal well-being.

Psychometric Properties of the Farsi Version of the Fear of Missing out Scale and the Phubbing Scale

Background: Fear of missing out on social media can be one of the motivations for individuals to participate in social media. Participating in social networking sites is also associated with social network addiction and phubbing and can have problematic consequences for social media users. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the fear of missing out scale (FoMOs) and the phubbing scale (TPS). Methods: The present study was conducted online by surveying Instagram social media users. A total of 431 individuals participated in this study and responded to the Farsi version of the FoMOs, TPS, and Social Network Addiction Test. For the assessment of the reliability of the test-retest, 40 participants answered the FoMOs and TPS separately in two 4-week periods. Correlation and factor analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 26) and Amos software (version 24) to analyze the data statistically. Results: The results showed the high internal consistency of the FoMOs (α = 0.85) and TPS (α = 0.83). Test-retest reliability was good for the FoMOs and TPS. The concurrent validity of the FoMOs and TPS was obtained as 0.51 and 0.70, respectively. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis results also showed two factors for the FoMOs (i.e., trait- fear of missing out (FoMO) and state-FoMO) and two factors for TPS (i.e., communication disturbances and phone obsession) in the Farsi version, which are consistent with the original version of the two scales. Conclusions: The Farsi versions of the FoMOs and TPS for use in Iran have good validity and reliability.

Validation of the Perceived Phubbing Scale to the Argentine Context

In recent years, the increased use of mobile devices has changed social dynamics. One such change is the rise of phubbing, described as the behavior of ignoring someone in order to pay attention to one's cell phone. The purpose of this research was to validate the Perceived Phubbing Scale (PPS) and examine its relationship with other psychological variables. An Argentine sample was composed of 1608 participants aged between 18 and 65 (M = 45.59; SD 14.03), with 51.6% identifying as female. They were provided with a phubbing scale, along with scales to measure emotional disconnection, fear of missing out (FoMO) and social exclusion, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The results indicated that the PPS showed an adequate fit to the data, based on a structure of one factor (X2(20) = 259.353, p < 0.001; CFI = 0.958; IFI = 0.958; RMSEA = 0.089) and the internal consistency (α = 0.93), resulting in a nine-item scale. Participants with high or medium levels of phubbing showed a tendency to suffer FoMO or feel socially excluded or socially isolated. We did not find differences in the levels of phubbing related to the participant's age, gender, or socioeconomic level. It is possible to conclude that PPS can be used as a reliable measure to evaluate perceived phubbing in Argentina. Implications of the variables studied are discussed as possible predictors of phubbing and are to be considered in its approach.

Cross-lagged analysis of problematic social media use and phubbing among college students

BackgroundPhubbing is a commonly seen phenomenon that has emerged in recent years among groups of college students, posing a rising challenge to educators. We conduct research in which the reciprocal relationship between problematic social media use and phubbing is explored and analysed quantitatively, aiming to discover reliable theoretical support to work out an appropriate intervention on students’ phubbing for students’ mental health concerns.MethodsUsing the problematic social media use scale and the phubbing scale, 328 college students from four universities in Shandong Province were enrolled in a two-stage longitudinal follow-up study for 20 months from December 2019 to August 2021. A cross-lagged model was constructed to explore the reciprocal relationship between problematic social media use and phubbing. The results of correlation analysis showed that problematic social media use was positively correlated with phubbing at both time points (r = 0.51, 0.53, P < 0.01).ResultsThe results of cross-lagged regression analysis showed that the predictive effect of pretest problematic social media use on posttest problematic social media use was statistically significant (β = 0.24, P < 0.01). There was statistical significance in the prediction effect of pretest phubbing on posttest phubbing (β = 0.16, P < 0.05). Pretest problematic social media use had statistical significance in predicting posttest phubbing (β = 0.22, P < 0.01), and there was no statistical significance in the prediction of pretest phubbing on posttest problematic social media (β = 0.16, P < 0.05).ConclusionThe problematic social media use of college students is closely related to phubbing, and problematic social media use can predict phubbing.

The Effect of College Students’ Boredom Proneness on Phubbing: The Chain-Mediating Effects of Fear of Missing Out and Online Vigilance

Purpose. Phubbing not only affects the impression formation and communication quality of both sides of communication but also damages the quality of peer relationships among college students, reduces the happiness of interpersonal objects, and has a negative impact on the physical and mental development of college students. The boredom proneness of college students is an important influencing factor of phubbing, and we aim to investigate the mechanism of its internal influence on phubbing. Design and Methods. A short version of the boredom proneness scale, fear of missing out scale, online vigilance scale, and phubbing scale was used to survey 357 Chinese college students. Bootstrap method using SPSS Process macro developed by Hayes was used to test the chain-mediating effect of fear of missing out and online vigilance in the relationship between college students’ boredom proneness and phubbing. Results. Boredom proneness, fear of missing out, online vigilance, and phubbing were significantly and positively correlated with each other ( p &lt; 0.05 ). The test of mediated effects showed that college students’ boredom proneness not only predicted phubbing but also there were three indirect paths: the separate mediated effect of fear of missing out; the separate mediated effect of online vigilance; and the chain mediated effect of fear of missing out and online vigilance. The effect of the three mediators accounted for 31.82% of the total effect. Practice Implications. College students’ boredom proneness can directly and positively affect phubbing and also affect phubbing through the chain-mediating effects of fear of missing out and online vigilance. The prevention of phubbing among college students should not only reduce boredom proneness but also reduce the level of fear of missing out and online vigilance.

Does parental phubbing aggravates adolescent sleep quality problems?

Based on the theoretical model for the "stress-sleep" relationship, this study investigated the impact of parental phubbing on adolescent sleep quality problems and a moderated mediation mechanism. A total of 781 adolescents was surveyed using the Chinese version of Parental Phubbing Scale, the Ultra-brief Screening Scale for Depression and Anxiety Scale, the Self-Control Questionnaire for Chinese children, and the Chinese version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale. Parental phubbing and negative emotions were significantly and positively correlated to sleep quality problems, but self-control was not correlated to sleep quality problems. Parental phubbing directly influenced sleep quality problems and also indirectly influenced sleep quality problems through the mediating effect of negative emotions. Moreover, self-control played a moderating role in the path of parental phubbing affecting negative emotions. That is, the effect was more significant for adolescents low in self-control relative to those high in self-control. Parental phubbing is a risk factor for adolescent sleep quality problems. This study is the first to demonstrate empirical evidence for the relationship between parental phubbing and sleep quality problems.

Relationship between chronotypes, personality traits, and phubbing levels in university students

ABSTRACT Excessive or abusive use of smartphones, which is related to personality traits, has led to the emergence of phubbing, which is becoming a very widespread problem. Excessive use of smartphones also affects sleep patterns. In this context, the concept of chronotype, which is closely related to sleep, becomes prominent. Therefore, the present study aims to examine the relationship between chronotypes, personality traits, and phubbing levels of students studying in the field of health. 732 students participated in the study, which was planned using a correlational research design. Data were collected using a demographic form, the phubbing scale, the big five personality traits scale, and the composite scale of morningness (CSM). Descriptive statistical analyses, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis were used in the analysis of the data. As a result, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Morningness/Eveningness were significant predictors of phubbing. Other variables, on the other hand, were not found to be significant predictors of phubbing. Among the student participants in the study the phubbing level was high for those who were evening- and neither chronotype, who were not agreeable and conscientious, and who had neurotic personality traits.

Adaptação Cultural e Evidências Psicométricas da Escala de Phubbing

Abstract Phubbing, the act of ignoring people during a face-to-face interaction to dedicate attention to the smartphone, is a phenomenon widely observed in today’s society. Therefore, this research aimed to carry out the cross-cultural adaptation of the Phubbing Scale to Brazilian Portuguese and examine its psychometric properties. The study included 1,551 Brazilian adults, 61.7% female and 29.9% male, aged from 18 to 76 years (M = 31.6 years; SD = 9.6 years). A socio-demographic questionnaire and the Phubbing Scale were used. Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Network Analysis and Mann-Whitney Test were performed. The results confirmed the bifactorial version of the Phubbing Scale with good fit indices (CFI = 0.99; TLI = 0.99; α = 0.83). The Phubbing Scale showed adequate psychometric properties and internal consistency for use in Brazil.

Phubbing Phenomenon and its Determinants among Medical College Students in Greater Noida: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Smartphones and computers provide access to the Internet, which makes us highly reliant on them and leads to phubbing. Phubbing is described as the behaviour of ignoring others by looking at your mobile phone during a conversation with another individual and escaping from interpersonal communication. Almost all medical students have smartphones, so it is imperative to study this behaviour among them. Aim: To assess phubbing and its determinants among medical students of the School of Medical Sciences and Research, Gautam Buddha Nagar. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from July 2021 to September 2021 among medical students of the School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Gautam Buddha Nagar, India. A total of 422 MBBS students, who were present during data collection were included. Data was collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire, consisting of the socio-demographic profile, phubber’s characteristics, phubbing scale, smartphone addiction scale, and self-control scale. The data were analysed using frequency, percentage, and unadjusted odds ratio. Results: A total of 422 MBBS students data was analysed. Mean age, 21.28±1.27 years. The prevalence of phubbing was 42.7 percent in present study. Among them, 151 (83.9%) were college phubbers. On the phubbing scale, the majority of the participants, 306 (72.5%) reported that their phone was always within their reach. There was a significant association found between smartphone addiction (OR:3.880; 95%CI:2.290-6.574) and lack of self-control (OR:1.992; 95%CI:1.250-3.172) with phubbing. Conclusion: This study found a high prevalence of phubbing behaviour. The results presented that phubbing is determined by a lack of self-control and smartphone addiction. Findings highlight the need to regulate smartphone and social media usage during college time and at home.

Logoterapia de grupo de intervenção e medidas de desempenho para redução do phubbing na Geração Z

Abstract Objective This study aims to explore in-depth how to apply logotherapy to people with phubbing. Methods The research methodology uses with mixed methods, a sequential approach used in this study for handling the phubbing population is 110 students. Samples taken by purposive sampling with attention to the range aged 10-25 years, and the research sample obtains as many as 16 students. The sample was determined based on the scale analysis results and recommendations from the school – research data from research instruments in observation sheets and qualitative data interviews. A Phubbing scale was used to get quantitative data. Results The results of the study showed that there were better changes as evidenced by changes in phubbing scale scores before and after being given treatment. Conclusion The study’s conclusion shows that Logotherapy Counseling effectively reduces phubbing in Generation Z.

Adaptation of the Phubbing Scale and of the Generic Scale of Being Phubbed for the Portuguese population

Excessive, abusive, or inappropriate use of mobile phones can have a negative effect on interpersonal relationships. This study aims to adapt the Phubbing Scale (PS) and the Generic Scale of Being Phubbed (GSBP) for the Portuguese population, establishing the convergent validity of the instruments with others that assess approximate constructs, such as the Partner Phubbing Scale (PPS)and the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q), and investigate the differences and/or relationships between sociodemographic variables, mobile phone usage variables and the PS and the GSBP. This is a cross sectional study, including 641 participants, aged between 18-71 (M=27.91; SD=10.60). The Portuguese version of the PS kept the number of items and factors, however, distributed differently from the original version. The Portuguese version of the GSBP kept the structure proposed by the authors of the original version. The correlations obtained by both scales with other instruments ensured convergent validity. Differences were found in the values of the scales according to some sociodemographic variables and some variables regarding mobile phone use. The findings provide culturally adapted and validated two instruments and are helpful to researchers to assess this phenomenon and intervene in a timely manner.