Translation Phrase Research Articles

Translation Errors from English into Indonesian Language of the Rich Young Man Story

This research aimed at identifying errors in translating phrases from English into Indonesian of The Rich Young Man Story in Gospel Matthew 19:16-26 (KJ Version) to Indonesia Masa Kini Bible Version, and what factors caused these errors. The study utilized a descriptive method with a qualitative approach as described by Cresswell and Lodico. The results of the research showed that there were several translation phrases errors found in the Indonesia Masa Kini Bible Version that were caused by translators' tendency to use free translation system, resulting in addition, omission, or replacement of phrases, as well as inaccuracies in selecting appropriate equivalents, making the translation sound unnatural in the target language. These errors indicated there are some incompetence on the translator’s part, namely lack of understanding of translation theory, errors in applying omission and addition strategies, the inability to understand English phrases, inability to interpret the meaning and message of the source text, and lack of concentration and carefulness while translating.

Human-Computer Interaction Environment Monitoring and Collaborative Translation Mode Exploration Using Artificial Intelligence Technology.

Artificial intelligence now plays a significant role in both daily life and scientific research because of the rapid advancement of this technology in recent years. Making full use of the phrases in the translation phrase table for translation is challenging since the phrase matching is too accurate when the translation machine decodes. Fully automatic machine translation struggles to meet the expectations of its users since there are more or less translation faults brought on by data bottlenecks. Therefore, we require collaborative assisted translation technology for human-computer interaction. This work strengthens the research on collaborative translation techniques and ways for monitoring the human-computer interaction environment in order to further improve translation quality. This essay investigates and discusses human-computer translation techniques as well as related ideas in collaborative translation and human-computer interaction. The translation similarity model is incorporated into the translation system model together with an overall qualitative knowledge and logical reasoning capability of human-computer interaction to offer fresh strategies and methods for collaborative translation between humans and computers. According to the experimental findings, the accuracy rate of the collaborative translation system for human-computer interaction based on artificial intelligence technology can achieve 98.2% and 95.6%. The quality of the translation is enhanced after human-computer interaction, and the editing gap between the incorrect and auxiliary translations is narrowed, demonstrating the efficiency of the system and demonstrating its viability. In order to enhance the accuracy of system translation and the effectiveness of system operation, it is important to investigate the collaborative translation mode of human-computer interaction based on artificial intelligence technology.

Choosing preferable labels for the Japanese translation of the Human Phenotype Ontology.

The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) is the de facto standard ontology to describe human phenotypes in detail, and it is actively used, particularly in the field of rare disease diagnoses. For clinicians who are not fluent in English, the HPO has been translated into many languages, and there have been four initiatives to develop Japanese translations. At the Biomedical Linked Annotation Hackathon 6 (BLAH6), a rule-based approach was attempted to determine the preferable Japanese translation for each HPO term among the candidates developed by the four approaches. The relationship between the HPO and Mammalian Phenotype translations was also investigated, with the eventual goal of harmonizing the two translations to facilitate phenotype-based comparisons of species in Japanese through cross-species phenotype matching. In order to deal with the increase in the number of HPO terms and the need for manual curation, it would be useful to have a dictionary containing word-by-word correspondences and fixed translation phrases for English word order. These considerations seem applicable to HPO localization into other languages.

English – Indonesian Phrase Translation Using Recurrent Neural Network and ADJ Technique

Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and annotated disjunction are discussed to develop English – Indonesian phrase based. Phrase – based English – Indonesian machine translation becomes important because there are differences between two languages and it can be a sub system for English – Indonesian machine translation. Automatic translation can be done using RNN and ADJ Technique. The main process in this research are preprocessing, determination of phrase type, and translation the phrase. In the preprocessing has process such as case folding, tokenizing, pos tagging, and stemming. In the determination of phrase type, system counts weight of input phrase using RNN. The translation phrase is entered to target language using ADJ Technique. The software experiment is tested by using 70 English phrases. The result shows accuracy of RNN and ADJ Technique for English – Indonesian phrase translation is 88.57 %.

A system for terminology extraction and translation equivalent detection in real time

In this paper we present a system for automatic terminology extraction and automatic detection of the equivalent terms in the target language to be used alongside a computer assisted translation (CAT) tool that provides term candidates and their translations in an automatic way each time the translator goes from one segment to the next one. The system uses several sources of information: the text from the segment being translated and from the whole translation project, the translation memories assigned to the project and a translation phrase table from a statistical machine translation system. It also uses the terminological database assigned to the project in order to avoid presenting already known terms. The use of translation phrase tables allows us to use very large parallel corpora in a very efficient way. We have used Moses to calculate and to consult the translation phrase tables. The program is written in Python and it can be used with any CAT tool. In our experiments we have used OmegaT, a well-known open source CAT tool. Evaluation results for English–Spanish and for three subjects (politics, finance, and medicine) are presented.

A Chinese to Tibetan Machine Translation System with Multiple Translating Strategies

This paper proposes a Chinese to Tibetan machine translation system with multiple translating strategies. The key corpora and technologies are explained in detail. Experiments show the sub systems output the translation of each phrase in the same order as they are in the Chinese sentence rather than in a Tibetan sentence, which leads to worse translation quality. So an order adjusting model is essential to Chinese to Tibetan translation system. The recall of translation phrase makes an improvement of 9.71% over the popular off-the-shelf language neutral statistical machine translation programme Moses. Our translation system achieves a speed ofabout 0.175s per sentence, which meets the requirement of the computer aided translation system.

Perception of Impoliteness in Counter Service Discourse

Literature has shown that the interaction patterns in many types of workplace discourse including service encounters are transactional in nature because speakers are primarily concerned with getting things done. Literature on cross cultural communication of local service encounter interaction between library counter staff and international students proves that the orientation of counter talk is indeed transactional and much of the interaction are direct literal translation phrases from Bahasa Melayu to English. This study explores how impoliteness is perceived by counter service staff at the International Office of a local premier university in Malaysia because the interactions are considered more critical as they involve immigration issues when international students come to apply, extend or terminate their student visas. Dissatisfaction can affect student enrolment. This study used an ethnographic approach and the researcher was a participant observer. Besides field notes, data for study was also gathered from its website and through interviews with the International Office staff. Findings reveal that because the duties of counter staff are routine, working at the counter can be stressful due to a number of factors including unfulfilled expectations and the level of language proficiency of both staff and students. Therefore, it is indeed more critical to study counter service discourse at the International Office as problems that occur sometimes go directly to the top management due to distrust of counter service staff. When there is awareness of what is perceived as impolite, interventions can be introduced to reduce perceptions of impoliteness and minimize stress at work.

Morphogen: Translation into Morphologically Rich Languages with Synthetic Phrases

Abstract We present morphogen, a tool for improving translation into morphologically rich languages with synthetic phrases. We approach the problem of translating into morphologically rich languages in two phases. First, an inflection model is learned to predict target word inflections from source side context. Then this model is used to create additional sentence specific translation phrases. These “synthetic phrases” augment the standard translation grammars and decoding proceeds normally with a standard translation model. We present an open source Python implementation of our method, as well as a method of obtaining an unsupervised morphological analysis of the target language when no supervised analyzer is available.

Clarification Question Generation for Speech Recognition Error Recovery Using Monolingual SMT

Clarification dialogue is an efficient and direct way of handling speech recognition errors in speech interface applications. In this paper we present a new approach to Clarification Question (CQ) generation. Monolingual phrase-based SMT (PB-SMT) framework is introduced to generate robust and flexible CQs. A parallel corpus from simulated error to manually annotated CQ is established and used for training the model. A new type of generalized phrase pair is expanded from conventional translation phrase table. Combining both generalized and conventional phrase pairs, a two-step decoding process is carried out to generate CQs. Both manually and automatic metrics are used to evaluate the quality of generated CQs. Experimental results show that our method can effectively generate reasonable CQs form miss-recognized utterances, and generated CQs can be used to prompt a clarification dialogue for error handling.

The impact of Arabic morphological segmentation on broad-coverage English-to-Arabic statistical machine translation

Morphologically rich languages pose a challenge for statistical machine translation (SMT). This challenge is magnified when translating into a morphologically rich language. In this work we address this challenge in the framework of a broad-coverage English-to-Arabic phrase based statistical machine translation (PBSMT). We explore the largest-to-date set of Arabic segmentation schemes ranging from full word form to fully segmented forms and examine the effects on system performance. Our results show a difference of 2.31 BLEU points averaged over all test sets between the best and worst segmentation schemes indicating that the choice of the segmentation scheme has a significant effect on the performance of an English-to-Arabic PBSMT system in a large data scenario. We show that a simple segmentation scheme can perform as well as the best and more complicated segmentation scheme. An in-depth analysis on the effect of segmentation choices on the components of a PBSMT system reveals that text fragmentation has a negative effect on the perplexity of the language models and that aggressive segmentation can significantly increase the size of the phrase table and the uncertainty in choosing the candidate translation phrases during decoding. An investigation conducted on the output of the different systems, reveals the complementary nature of the output and the great potential in combining them.

Das Übersetzen im Zeichen der Globalisierung: Dialog der Kulturen und die Entstehung einer transnationalen Zivilgesellschaft, am Beispiel der politischen Essays von Arundhati Roy in deutscher Übersetzung

AbstractThis article addresses the issue of the relevance of translating the political essays of Arundhati Roy into German within the framework of a globalized world and engages with the strategies and techniques of translation applied by the translators concerned. It also seeks to assess the degree of success achieved in translating the articles.Roy's political essays, dealt with in this article, are located within a deterritorialised concept of cosmopolitanism as defined by the German sociologist Ulrich Beck. Beck's concept of "risk society" also underpins the argument for the emergence of a transnational civil society advocating the shared values of equality, social justice, diversity, empowerment of the grass-roots, democratic participation in decision-making and pacificity, transcending narrow national boundaries, interests and identities. The adhesive binding the risk society is a potential fear of eventual destruction or future crisis emerging from the unintended fall-out of man-made activities and of technology. It is argued that the cohesion of activist-oriented transnational civil society is predicated on potential fear of a future crisis such as that of an impending nuclear war or environmental disaster or terrorism. Against this background, it is contended that the political essays of Arundhati Roy serve to consolidate and contribute to the solidarity of transnational civil society. The translation of the essays, therefore, both widens and deepens transnational civil society – this is possible through the use of glocalisation both in the original and in translation, resulting in a possible intercultural dialogue, creating a common database of shared memory across the global community.The article engages with the polemical style of the original and examines the manner in which this is reproduced in translation. It is further asserted that the use of generalization in the choice of words or phrases in translation tends to mute in translation the rather sharp criticism expressed in the original.

한영 혼용문에서 괄호 안 대역어구의 자동 인식

In Korean-English mixed documents, translated technical words are usually used with the attached full words or original words enclosed with parenthesis. In this paper, a collective method is presented to recognize and extract the translation phrases with using a base translation dictionary. In order to process the unregistered title words and translation words in the dictionary, a phonetic similarity matching method, a translation partial matching method, and a compound word matching method are newly proposed. The experiment result of each method was measured in F-measure(the alpha is set to 0.4) ; exact matching of dictionary terms as a baseline method showed 23.8%, the hybrid method of translation partial matching and phonetic similarity matching 75.9%, and the compound word matching method including the hybrid method 77.3%, which is 3.25 times better than the baseline method.