Smart photovoltaic windows, which combine the advantages of smart windows and semi-transparent photovoltaic solar cells, play an indispensable role in buildings, automobiles, airplanes and so on. They can potentially significantly reduce energy consumption caused by lighting, heating, and air conditioning systems and generate electricity. Previous studies of smart windows have mainly focused on the electro-, thermo-, and other-chromic materials. Recently, semi-transparent solar cells have captured widespread attention because of their promising applications in windows and roofs of buildings. Smart photovoltaic windows can provide both the electrical power output and energy saving by combining the smart chromogenic materials and the semi-transparent solar cells. Generally, smart photovoltaic windows can be categorized into two types: One type is the assembly of solar cells and chromogenic layer (modular smart photovoltaic windows), and the other type is smart photovoltaic solar cells containing stimuli-responsive absorption component (all-in-one smart photovoltaic windows). In the first part of this review, we outlined the categories of smart photovoltaic windows, and then we discussed the advantages and disadvantages of different types of smart photovoltaic windows. Compared to electrochromic materials, thermochromic materials can modulate the light transmission adaptively in response to the dynamic environmental temperature, and this is “real smart”. As a result, thermochromic materials have undergone rapid development in the last years, including vanadium dioxide, liquid crystals, ionic liquids and perovskites. Among various thermochromic materials, perovskite materials have attracted increasing scientific interest due to their fast stimulus response, stable and reversible switching cycles, and high photovoltaic efficiency which is suitable for all-in-one smart photovoltaic windows. And compared to liquid materials such as liquid crystals and ionic liquids, no special encapsulation is required for the solid-state perovskite materials. The thermochromic behaviors of halide perovskites are based on their unusual crystallization behaviors or some special reversible reactions. In this review, we systematically discussed the smart photovoltaic windows based on thermochromic perovskite materials. We mainly summarized the rich phase change behaviors and different thermochromic mechanisms of different types of halide perovskite materials, including organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites and all-inorganic perovskites. For organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites, an ideal way to achieve thermochromism is by using reversible photothermal complex to realize switching from visibly transparent state to photovoltaic, colored state, and then returning to visibly transparent state. However, to realize this thermochromic cycle, we need to seal the perovskite materials in a closed atmosphere for achieving reversible reaction, which is difficult in device fabrication. Accordingly, the organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites are not quite suitable for smart photovoltaic window applications. For all-inorganic perovskites, the two switchable characteristic states with distinct visible transparencies and photovoltaic efficiencies could be realized due to their rich phase change behaviors, making them promising candidates for smart photovoltaic windows. In this review, we discussed in detail the mechanisms of thermochromism in all-inorganic perovskites, and introduced several examples of thermochromic all-inorganic perovskite materials. Furthermore, we discussed other semi-transparent functional layers required for the assembly of smart photovoltaic windows. We also pointed out some challenges and perspectives on future development of smart photovoltaic windows based on halide perovskite materials. This review aims to shed light on the design and application of thermochromic perovskite materials in smart window technologies, and inspire further innovative applications.