Photovoltaic Industry In China Research Articles

Carbon emissions and reduction performance of photovoltaic systems in China

Solar energy is an inexhaustible clean energy, which can be converted into electricity through photovoltaic (PV) modules. However, the production of these modules is a process of pollution, which will generate a large amount of carbon emissions. Therefore, investigating the carbon emission performance of PV systems is of great significance in achieving carbon neutrality. Here, this study comprehensively analyze the carbon emissions and carbon emission reduction performance of PV systems in China using life cycle assessment approach. The results show that the life cycle carbon emissions of PVsystemsinChinadecreasedfrom1.66 kg CO2/W in 2011 to 0.75 kg CO2/W in 2018; meanwhile, the carbon intensity decreased from 74.24 to 50.91 kg CO2/kWh, and the energy payback time decreased from 2.4 to 2.2 years. Between 2008 and 2018, PVsystemsinChinaattainedacumulativenetemissionreductionofapproximately1889 × 108 kg CO2. In addition, for every 1 % increase in PV power generation, the total carbon emissions from the power generation sector in China from 2022 to 2035 could be reduced by approximately 2.05 %. This study analyzes the carbon emissions and carbon reduction of PV systems in China on a larger spatial-temporal scale as well as in a future perspective. The results of this study provide a better understanding of the carbon emissions and reduction performance of PV systems, and provide some effective information for the high-quality development of the PV industry in China.

Analysis of the energy trade game between major countries under the background of “carbon neutrality”: A case study of the photovoltaic industry in China and the United States

With the global climate change poses a major threat to human society, more and more countries begin to “carbon neutral” as a national strategy. As a major country in the global carbon emissions, China and the United States focus on the development of the clean industry - photovoltaic industry to increase investment, in order to deal with global climate problems. At the same time, China and the United States for the photovoltaic industry game also presents a two-way interaction situation, on the one hand, the two countries for the “carbon neutral” energy strategy affects the two countries’ trade borders, on the other hand, the two countries’ trade strategy also affects the global “carbon neutral” process. This article will be based on the current stage of the two sides of the energy use, the development of photovoltaic industry strength comparison and other aspects of the photovoltaic energy game between China and the United States to discuss.

Comparison And Analysis of The Photovoltaic Industry Between China and the US

Nowadays, the world is increasingly recognizing the limitations of non-renewable energy resources such as oil and fossil fuels. The continued reliance on these finite resources poses a significant risk of energy shortage in the future. As a result, there is a growing emphasis on promoting renewable energy sources like wind energy, solar energy, and other non-polluting alternatives. In this article, the focus is on the development of the photovoltaic (PV) industry in China and the United States, with a specific emphasis on photovoltaic energy. The aim of this study is to analyze and compare the current state of the PV industry in both countries, taking into account various factors such as PV power generation, installed PV capacity, and policy support. By conducting a comprehensive assessment of these aspects, the research findings reveal that the PV industry in China has experienced remarkable growth and has surpassed the United States in terms of competitiveness. China has emerged as a global leader in the PV industry, with significant advancements in technology and manufacturing capabilities. The country's PV power generation has witnessed substantial expansion, contributing significantly to its renewable energy targets. Moreover, China's installed PV capacity has experienced rapid growth, supported by favorable government policies and incentives that have stimulated investment and innovation in the sector. In contrast, the United States, while still a prominent player in the PV industry, has faced certain challenges in keeping pace with China's progress.

Development of Chinas Photovoltaic Industry: Stylized Facts, Difficulties, and Prospect

With the target to achieve national carbon emission peak levels by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060, China has diverted a large portion of its resources on the development of renewable energy. As one of the most important domestic renewable energy industries, the photovoltaic industry grows at a rapid pace over the last decade. The essay illustrates the outlook of the photovoltaic industry in China at current in the perspective of industrial achievements and Chinas position in the global market. Through a comprehensive analysis, the challenges of stagnating core technology, imbalance between surging demand and limited supply as well as the dearth of human capital are highlighted. Aiming at a fully-fledged solar energy market in the future, specific suggestions for PV firms and the government will be given. According to the three problems, expansion strategy is advised for firms: expansion of production scale; expansion of recruitment range; and expansion of technology application. Synchronously, the government is proposed supporting policies including fiscal support, academic support and technological support.

Impacts of subsidy reallocation policy on the innovative performance: Empirical evidence from photovoltaic industry in China

Given the fervent debates on the effect of subsidies around the world, this paper examines the relationship between the subsidy reallocation policy and innovative performance of the photovoltaic industry in China. We take the setting as China has announced its climate goal to peak carbon emissions before 2030 and reach carbon neutrality before 2060, which dramatically changes its subsidy policies as to the new energy industry by reallocating financial supports to the industry. By employing a difference-in-difference model, we find that reallocation of government grants improves the innovative performance. Then, we explore the detailed mechanism by which government subsidies may affect innovative performance of the photovoltaic industry and investigates the heterogeneity of industrial links, development stages, ownership attributes and credit environments of the photovoltaic industry.

Can talent policy promote firm innovation: An empirical analysis from solar photovoltaic industry in China

Supported by government policies, the innovation of China’s solar photovoltaic industry has been triggered greatly. As an important part of public policy, various talent policies have been issued to increase support for innovation. Therefore, it is essential to study the relationship between talent policy and firm innovation of Chinese solar photovoltaic industry. However, there is less empirical research on this topic. In this context, this study examined whether talent policy influences firm innovation. To examine the underlying causal mechanism, this study explored the role of human capital quality structure and human capital function structure in the relationship between talent policy and firm innovation. Based on the buffering and bridging mechanism of resource dependence theory, an empirical model of talent policy, human capital structure and firm innovation were conceptualized. Using an unbalanced panel data of 101 listed firms of the solar photovoltaic industry in China from 2008 to 2021, the random effect GLS regression was employed to empirically test the impact of talent policy on firm innovation, the mediating effects of human capital quality structure and human capital function structure, and examined the heterogeneous impact of nature of property rights and R&D intensity on the above relationships. The results show that talent policy can significantly promote firm innovation. Human capital structure plays mediating effects on the relationship between talent policy and firm innovation. Moreover, the talent policy and human capital structure’s effects on firm innovation are more significant in non-state-owned firms and firms with low R&D intensity. This study provides an important reference for promoting firm innovation through human capital structure in the construction of the talent policy.

Analysis and Investment Recommendations of the Photovoltaic Industry in China

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis and recommendations for investment in China's photovoltaic industry. Through policy analysis and supply and demand model analysis, the investment value and prospect of China's PV industry segments were analyzed and the conclusion that the distributed PV industry is supported by policies and the market was found; under the calculation of the corporates’ Beta Assets, the business risks of representative companies were showed and compared. The main findings of the paper are that the distributed PV industry in China has the highest business risk, Jinko Power Technology Co. The industry has high investment value and development prospects, and CHINT Electronic and Impower Technology Limited are good investment targets in the industry.

Research on the Financing Efficiency of listed Companies in China's Photovoltaic Industry

Through sorting out the theory of financing efficiency, the influencing factors and empirical methods of financing efficiency at home and abroad, taking the panel data of 29 listed companies in the photovoltaic industry in China from 2017 to 2021 as the research object, the DEA-Tobit model was used to study the financing efficiency and influencing factors of China's photovoltaic industry. The results show that in recent years, the financing efficiency of listed companies in the domestic photovoltaic industry has fluctuated greatly, and there is a certain downward trend as a whole, and there is still a broad room for improvement; There are significant positive effects on net profit, net profit margin on sales, cost of main business, cash ratio and corporate financing efficiency, while current liabilities and corporate financing efficiency show significant negative effects. Based on this, suggestions are put forward to optimize the scale of listed companies, broaden financing channels, and introduce new financing methods by relevant government departments.

Is the secondary consumption of renewable energy sustainable? Empirical evidence from the photovoltaic industry in China

The vigorous development of renewable energy is an important way to achieve carbon neutrality in China, but the water and electricity consumption of renewable energy in its life cycle is still unclear. This study took the life cycle of photovoltaic (PV) industry as an example, combined the life cycle assessment method, Weibull model and water resources vulnerability index to evaluate the life cycle water and electricity consumptions of PV industry in 31 provinces and cities in China and further analyzed the effects of these consumptions on local resources. The results indicated that the PV industry consumed 7841.08 kg of water and 2580.6 kWh of electricity for 1 kWp. The discarded capacities of China will increase with growing installed capacities and reach nearly 13 GW in 2050, which will lead to significantly increasing usage of water and electricity of PV industry and exert pressure on water and electricity systems. Considering severe situation of water resources in central and northern China and huge demand for electricity in eastern China, the Chinese government should rationally arrange development of PV.

PV industry in China and three Southeast Asia countries: A systematic literature review using PRISMA

One form of renewable energy utilization that has been recognized as environmentally friendly and helps maintain world carbon emissions is Photovoltaic (PV), where global energy companies are starting to move towards PV investment. This study highlights the PV industry condition in China as a giant country in producing PV and three South-East Asia states. Systematic literature review with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) is used as the methodology for collecting data. PICOS (Population, Intervention, Comparator Group, Outcome or Endpoint, Study Design) is used as an approach method for forming questions in searching for data sources. PRISMA diagrams are formulated in a hierarchical form to select potential sources of literature. Finally, this study uses 71 literatures from China, 5 literatures from Indonesia, 9 literatures from Malaysia, and 4 literatures from Vietnam. This finding indicates that with abundant literature discusses China’s PV industry, their PV industry is more advanced compared to three South-East Asia countries, which they are still lack understanding and knowledge of PV especially its industry and their aim for PV industry is still unclear.

The Relative Importance of Determinants of the Solar Photovoltaic Industry in China: Analyses by the Diamond Model and the Analytic Hierarchy Process

Within China’s renewable energy industry, the importance of the solar photovoltaic industry has been increasingly recognized. Many Chinese provinces have adopted various measures to develop the solar photovoltaic industry. This study used the diamond model and the analytic hierarchy process to clarify the relative importance of the determinants of the development of the solar photovoltaic industry. A total of 22 determinants in six categories (i.e., factor condition; demand condition; firm strategy, structure, and rivalry; related and support industries; government; and chance) were analyzed. The results show that besides factor condition, demand condition and firm strategy, structure, and rivalry have also had a strong influence on the development of China’s photovoltaic industry. The findings also indicate that some traditional factors, such as labor costs and acquiring land, are very important to the development of the solar photovoltaic industry. The relative importance of the determinants clarified through this study provides a standard for the actions of policymakers and decision makers.

Path transplantation: How to use the power of irrigation – a case study of the photovoltaic industry in China

AbstractPath transplantation, as an essential type of path creation, brings in external knowledge, technology, skilled individuals, and foreign capital, which enables developing regions to catch up with more developed ones through leap‐forward development. However, most economic geography studies have focused on path branching and diversification of new industries, which are more common in developed regions. This study adjusts the canonical four‐phase framework based on previous studies to analyse the impact of various forces on path transplantation phase by phase. Two main types of forces, “soil conditions” and “irrigation measures,” jointly impact the evolutionary path of transplantation. Their influences vary in different phases. Irrigation measures help in attracting new industry and increasing efficiency of transplantation. However, as new industry grows up and moves to the maturation phase, the impact of irrigation is limited due to increasing rigidification, and soil conditions, especially technological relatedness and innovation, play more important roles. Thus, the best time to intervene is in the embryo and rooting phases and the impacts will be increasingly positive through reinforcement in the irreversible trajectory. This framework is employed to analyse the development of the photovoltaic industry in China. The empirical results prove the importance of irrigation measures, especially government support in the early stages. This provides regions with an opportunity to strategically intervene in path transplantation and promote new industries.

Driving force model to evaluate China's photovoltaic industry: Historical and future trends

The depletion of traditional energy sources and severe environmental pollution are hindrances in meeting the increasing energy demands of the growing global population. Solar photovoltaic (PV) technology has been widely applied in China to replace traditional energy. The factors that affect the development of the PV industry in China are complex. This research sheds light on the development process of the PV industry in China by considering the PV installed capacity as an indicator of industrial development. A quantitative evaluation method was established to assess the PV industry and its influencing factors by developing a driving force model. This model combines the methods of factor quantification and multiple regression analysis by considering demand, market, policy, technology, and enterprise factors. The results show that from 2006 to 2008, policy factors played the most important role accounting for about 50% of the total impact, and since 2009, the impacts of technology and demand factors are more significant in the PV industry from the aspects of supply and demand accounting for 36% and 32%, respectively. The future trends of PV industry are predicted based on the evolution of the influencing factors. If guided by existing policies, the PV installed capacity will stabilize at 403 GW in 2025. The emphasis on energy storage technology in the future will also significantly promote the PV industry enabling it to reach 773 GW, and thereby, reduce about 0.87 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions in that year compared to that with coal-based thermal power generation. This study provides a theoretical basis for multiple factor analysis in the photovoltaic industry and a deeper understanding for policy makers to coordinate the structure of energy generation in China in the future.

Managing production systems with machine learning: a case analysis of Suzhou GCL photovoltaic technology

Production control in the manufacturing industry involves complex circumstances and high demand for timeliness. Unlike traditional production control methods, the approach that integrates machine learning and industrial big data can enable manufacturing industries to dynamically adapt to the changing environment and respond in a timely manner to market changes due to production optimisation and improve economic benefits. In order to explore the relationship between production system optimisation and lean strategic planning based on machine learning and big data, the paper conducts an exploratory case analysis based on Suzhou GCL Photovoltaic Technology, a successful company in the photovoltaic industry in China. We sort and investigate the first-hand interview data and second-hand news and video data, and then use the qualitative research method. Based on the analysis and observation, we find that machine learning has a positive impact on quality management. Data, information, knowledge, intelligence collectively impact the performance of intelligence production systems. Our research provides valuable insights for practitioners to effectively accelerate the transformation to intelligent manufacturing.

The dynamics of inter-firm innovation networks: The case of the photovoltaic industry in China

The innovation network is the frontier of economic geography, although the drivers and the underlying mechanism of the evolution of this innovation network are not clear. This study employs the Exponential Random Graph Model (ERGM) and Stochastic Actor-Oriented Model (SAOM) to analyse the evolution of the drivers and the formation of the innovation network in China's photovoltaic industry, as a case study. Results show that, organizational proximity plays a direct and important role, and innovative actors tend to cooperate with actors in the same group. However, geographic proximity is not the most important influencing factor but indirectly affects the evolution of the innovation network through other proximity (organizational and cognizant). When a distance threshold of 100 km is used, organizational proximity plays a more important role as the geographic distance increases.

State-Permeated Capitalism and the Solar PV Industry in China and India

ABSTRACT Much of the existing business and management research on how ‘state capitalism’ influences industry outcomes focuses on the state as 1) the owner of companies, 2) a provider of key resources, such as financial support, to favoured companies and/or 3) a unitary actor. Whilst some of this literature highlights links between politicians and officials, on the one hand, and individual companies, on the other, it downplays how other political-economic factors, such as the relative importance of existing industries in terms of employment and links between state banks and state-owned companies impact developments within those emerging sectors that the state wishes to promote. Drawing on the ‘state-permeated model’ of capitalism, we undertake a comparative institutional analysis of the development of the solar photovoltaic (PV) industry in China and India. Both states prioritised domestic solar PV manufacturing and innovation; however, China’s industry is much stronger than India’s, reflecting, we argue, 1) the greater ability of China’s central state to co-ordinate other actors and 2) the greater importance of India’s coal industry compared to China’s. We discuss the implications of our work for policy makers and for research, highlighting the need to assess whether state-permeated capitalism is functional or dysfunctional in nuanced ways.

The rapid development of the photovoltaic industry in China and related carbon dioxide abatement costs

There is a consensus within the international community that replacing traditional fossil energy with renewable energy, such as photovoltaic energy, will help mitigate climate change. However, the literature addressing the rapid development issues of the photovoltaic industry and related carbon dioxide abatement costs is limited. China is currently the largest photovoltaic producer and consumer in the world, hence suitable as our research object. In this paper, a fixed effect panel model with provincial panel data during the period 2012–2016 is applied to study the factors that influence China’s photovoltaic industry. The empirical results indicate that carbon dioxide emission mitigation requirements, government subsidies, technological progress, energy substitution, economic growth, and illumination resources promote the development of the photovoltaic industry. We further adapt the cost estimation model to estimate the average carbon dioxide abatement cost of photovoltaic electric power in China at 679.72 yuan/ton in 2015 and 681.88 yuan/ton in 2016. Compared with wind power and biomass energy, photovoltaic electric power is currently less economical for carbon dioxide emission reduction. Moreover, the future carbon dioxide abatement cost is predicted using a scenario analysis at 118.94–259.42 yuan/ton in 2025 and 42.63–171.95 yuan/ton in 2030. Since the carbon dioxide abatement cost in 2030 is in line with the future price level of the carbon trading market, it will be both economical and feasible to use photovoltaic electric power to decrease carbon dioxide emissions in the future.

Analysis of CO2 emission reduction contribution and efficiency of China’s solar photovoltaic industry: Based on Input-output perspective

As one of the most promising renewable energy sources, the amount of solar photovoltaics has reached 104.1 GW in 2018. China not only has the natural advantages of abundant solar energy resources, but the photovoltaic industry under the government’s support has also become the main driving force for global development. Facing the structural adjustment of solar photovoltaic parity online and the important contribution of solar power generation to energy conservation and emission reduction, this paper based on the radial and non-radial comprehensive consideration of EBM (Epsilon-Based Measure) DEA (Data envelopment analysis) model from the input-output perspective on solar photovoltaic industry CO2 emission reduction and efficiency analyze. It is concluded that the total efficiency of the solar photovoltaic industry in China’s six regions shows a growing trend, but the regional differences are obvious. The overall efficiency of the northwest region is superior. Among the index efficiency, CO2 emission reduction efficiency is better than cumulative installed capacity efficiency, solar energy utilization hour efficiency is the lowest, and CO2 emission reduction and cumulative installed capacity efficiency all show a consistent trend. It shows that the efficiency of cumulative installed capacity has a positive impact on CO2 emission reduction, but the efficiency of solar power generation needs to be improved.

An Empirical Study on the Efficiency and Influencing Factors of the Photovoltaic Industry in China and an Analysis of Its Influencing Factors

The photovoltaic (PV) industry in China is still in the early stage of development and is extremely unbalanced; breakthroughs in key technologies are necessary. To achieve high efficiency and sustainable development, it is important to identify the bottleneck of the whole industry chain through the analysis of overall industrial technical efficiency. Based on the current situation of the PV industry, this study builds the data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to respectively evaluate the efficiency of PV devices and power generation in the PV industrial chain. The Tobit model is used to conduct an empirical analysis of the factors affecting the efficiency of the PV industry. The results show that the industrial efficiency of PV devices is at a medium level and that it is necessary to strengthen regulation and awareness at the industrial scale. However, the PV power generation industry as a whole is at a low efficiency level, especially the inadequate technical level, which has a negative impact on the improvement of industrial efficiency. Finally, countermeasures and suggestions at the enterprise and government level are put forward to improve the efficiency of the PV industry in China.

Technology, cost, economic performance of distributed photovoltaic industry in China

As subsidies continue to fall, the technology and cost performance of distributed photovoltaic (PV) determines the progress of its grid parity. Based on the discussion of technology and cost, this paper analyzed the economic performance of China's distributed PV industry by utilizing the two indicators of levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and internal rate of return (IRR). The results show that: firstly, the current external environment is generally conducive to the development of distributed PV, but there are still some constraints. Secondly, with the decrease of unit investment cost, distributed PV can achieve the goal of parity before 2025. Thirdly, distributed PV projects in the three types of solar energy resources all have high IRR, and the economic performance is better for the projects with high proportion of spontaneous self-use. At the end of the paper, policy recommendations are offered as references for the government.