Transfer Of Photogenerated Carriers Research Articles

Novel S-scheme loofah biochar/MoS2/g-C3N4 heterojunctions with efficient photogenerated carrier separation and transfer capability: Effect, mechanism and application

Novel S-scheme loofah biochar/MoS2/g-C3N4 heterojunctions with efficient photogenerated carrier separation and transfer capability: Effect, mechanism and application

Piezoelectric polarization-induced photogenerated carriers transfer coupled with active electron transport Z-scheme heterojunction synergistic optimization of BiFeO3/CdS composite photocatalysts for hydrogen production

Piezoelectric polarization-induced photogenerated carriers transfer coupled with active electron transport Z-scheme heterojunction synergistic optimization of BiFeO3/CdS composite photocatalysts for hydrogen production

Cell‐Tailored Multi‐Chamber Cd5(PO4)3Cl/CdO Mesocrystals Hetero‐Superstructure Toward Promoting Charge Transfer for Enhanced Photocatalytic H2 Evolution

AbstractElaborate mesocrystal superstructures assembled by nanocrystals enable the photocatalysts to effectively transfer photo‐generated charges over long‐distance. Especially, the hetero superstructure can facilely adjust the bandgaps to promote the separation of electron–hole pairs and enhance photocatalytic activity. Herein, a unique bio‐derived mesocrystal superstructures with multi‐chamber network is developed tactfully using the yeast cells with multi‐ascopore as templates obtained by sexual reproduction way. Specifically, the natural phosphorus and oxygen species derived from the yeast are tactfully exploited during the synthetic process of Cd5(PO4)3Cl/CdO hetero‐superstructure. The transient surface photovoltage and the time‐resolved transient photoluminescence (PL) result indicate that the well‐defined orientation of the mesocrystal contributes to enhancing photogenerated carriers transfer efficiency and reducing the recombination of electron–hole pairs. The hetero‐superstructures exhibit an excellent solar H2 releasing activity (18.71 mmol·g−1·h−1) and a high quantum yield of 28.27% at wavelength of 380 nm. The design of hetero‐superstructure with multi‐chamber by means of the inner interlaced network and microelements of the organisms introduces a new clue to construct functional materials with hierarchical structures for solar fuel conversion.

Efficient photo-assisted reduction of Cr(VI) via activated carbon mediated Z-scheme FeS2/α-FeOOH/C heterojunction: Focusing on molecular oxygen fate and synergetic reduction mechanism

Herein, pyrite (FeS2), goethite (α-FeOOH) and activated carbon (C) were combined to construct FeS2/α-FeOOH/C composites with C mediated Z-scheme heterojunction for efficient photo-assisted Cr(VI) reduction. Characterization tests indicated the strong interaction via Fe-O-C and C-S-C, the increased amount of crystal defects and surface oxygenic functional groups, and the decreased agglomeration degree during combination strengthened electron transport and visible light conversion efficiency, resulting in synergistic effect for enhanced Cr(VI) removal. Additionally, C mediated Z-scheme heterojunction with lower resistance facilitated the transfer and separation efficiency of photo-generated carriers, further accelerating Cr(VI) reduction. Consequently, almost 100 % of Cr(VI) was reduced via FeS2/α-FeOOH/C in 60 min, 4 times that of pristine FeS2. Quenching, EPR and control experiments confirmed photocatalysis made more contribution than single reductive reagents (FeS2) in Cr(VI) reduction. The specific contribution rate of reductive species like e−, Fe2+, S22− and •O2− in this complicated system was firstly detailedly demonstrated and •O2− played a predominant role under oxic condition. Meanwhile, oxidative species like H2O2, 1O2 and •OH ascribed to DO activation or photo-generated h+ preferred to reacted with Fe2+ and S22− with higher reducibility and-only delayed Cr(VI) reduction rate. Hence, the final total Cr(VI) removal efficiency and generated Cr(III) kept stable in oxic solution.

Construction of g-C3N4/Ti3C2/α-Fe2O3 ternary composite: Synergistic enhancement of photocatalytic performance by Schottky junction/Z-scheme heterojunction-structure and wide light absorption range

Semiconductor materials for photocatalysis have been extensively researched in recent years due to their commendable stability and non-toxicity. However, the practical applications of these materials are constrained by their inherent characteristics, such as the rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers and the limited range of light absorption. In this paper, a simple method combining calcination and solvothermal was used to prepare a novel ternary composite material of g-C3N4/Ti3C2/α-Fe2O3. A series of photoelectrochemical tests showed that the ternary composite had excellent photogenerated carrier transfer, separation ability, and a wide range of light absorption. The photocatalytic performance was evaluated using the organic pollutant Methylene blue, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as experimental targets. The results indicated that it degraded 50.69 % of the Methylene blue and killed 99.22 % of Staphylococcus aureus and 98.05 % of Escherichia coli within the specified time, demonstrating effective photocatalytic degradation and antibacterial properties. The superior photocatalytic performance is attributed to the effective combination of the highly conductive Ti3C2 material, the semiconductor α-Fe2O3 with a wide light absorption range, and g-C3N4, coupled with the well-matched Z-type heterojunction and Schottky junction within the composite. This research can offer insights for the future development and application of environmentally friendly photocatalytic semiconductor materials.

Enhancing photo-generated carriers transfer of K-C3N4/UiO-66-NH2 with Er doping for efficient photocatalytic oxidation of furfural to furoic acid

Biomass-derived platform molecules, such as furfural, are abundant and renewable feedstock for valuable chemical production. It is critical to synthesize highly efficient photocatalysts for selective oxidation under visible light. The Er@K-C3N4/UiO-66-NH2 catalyst was synthesized using a straight-forward hydrothermal technique, and exhibited exceptional efficiency in the photocatalytic oxidation of furfural to furoic acid. The catalyst was thoroughly characterized, confirming the effective adjustment of the band gap energy of Er@K-C3N4/UiO-66-NH2. Upon the optimized reaction conditions, the conversion rate of furfural reached 89.3%, with a corresponding yield of furoic acid at 79.8%. The primary reactive oxygen species was identified as ·O− 2 from ESR spectra and scavenger tests. The incorporation of Er and K into the catalyst enhanced the photogenerated carriers transfer rate, hence increasing the separating efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. This study expands the potential applications of rare earth element doped g-C3N4 in the photocatalytic selective oxidation of furfurans.

A Novel BiOBr/CAU-17 Composite with Enhanced Photo-Catalytic Performance for Dye Degradation and Removal of Tetracycline Antibiotic Under Visible Light.

In order to improve the low specific surface area and high recombinant light generation carriers of BiOBr, loading BiOBr onto suitable Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) is an effective strategy to unleash its efficient visible light response and intrinsic catalytic activity. In this study, using classic MOF CAU-17 as a precursor, using a straightforward co-precipitation technique, four BiOBr/CAU-17 composites with distinct MOF contents values BCAU-1, BCAU-2, BC, AU-3, and BCAU-4 were created, and their photo-catalytic characteristics were examined. The BCAU-2 composite exhibited much higher photo-catalytic degradation efficiency for Rhodamine B (RhB) and Tetracycline (TC) than the pristine materials, counter compositions, and early reported materials. XRD, SEM, TEM, XPS, and EDX results revealed the strong synergistic photo-catalytic effect of BiOBr and CAU-17. The photocatalytic degradation of TC was significantly enhanced by the BiOBr bimetal modification, with the 2 wt.% BiOBr/CAU-17 nanocomposite achieving an 87.2 % degradation of TC and 82 % Total Organic Carbon (TOC) removal within 60 min. The high photo-degradation efficiency of BCAU-2 composite should be attributed to the efficient transfer of photo-generated carriers at interfaces and the synergistic effect between BiOBr/CAU-17. Furthermore, the experiments on the capture of the active species proved that the main active free radicals involved in the degradation of RhB and TC are attributed to the photo-induced holes h+ and ⋅ O2 - under visible light. The catalyst's efficacy is corroborated by the outcomes of photoluminescence spectroscopy and photo current response. This study offers a new understanding for the design of green synthesis schemes for photo-catalytic dye degradation and removal of certain antibiotics from the aquatic environment.

ZnO@In2O3 Core-Shell Heterojunctions Constructed With ZIF-8 and MIL-68 (In) for Improving Photogenerated Carrier Transfer Process.

The realization of fast carrier transport can effectively enhance photocatalytic performance. A core-shell structure of ZnO and In2O3 is successfully constructed by using MIL-68 (In) and ZIF-8 as a substrate, forming a heterojunction. This MOF-derived core-shell heterojunction inherits the advantages of ZIF-8, with pores facilitating carriers transfer to the surface for reactions and a large specific surface area providing more active sites. This Z-scheme heterojunction of ZnO and In2O3 can effectively separate and improve the utilization of photogenerated carriers. The well-designed interface of the core-shell structure achieves the rapid transfer of photogenerated carriers. The photocatalytic degradation capability of ZnO@ In2O3 is enhanced by the synergistic effect of Z-scheme heterojunction and core-shell structure. This work provides insight into the investigation of constructing core-shell heterojunctions.

Improved photocatalytic activation of PMS using Co-doped g-C3N4 composites for effective degradation of tetracycline: Catalyst performance, photogenerated carrier transfer and degradation mechanism

Photocatalytic coupled SO4•- based advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOPs) are considered as an advanced wastewater treatment technology for degrading pollutants. In this work, Co-doped g-C3N4 (CCN) photocatalysts were successfully designed for activation of permonosulfate (PMS) under visible light to efficiently degrade tetracycline (TC). The CCN photocatalyst exhibited enhanced degradation efficiency, removing 95.9 % of TC within 20 min, with a much higher degradation rate constant (0.1354 min-1) than that of the photocatalytic system (0.0090 min-1) and the SR-AOPs system (0.0538 min-1). The separation and transport properties of photogenerated carriers were probed with the assistance of measurements including surface photovoltage and photoluminescence. The results showed that the introduction of Co promoted the effective separation of photogenerated charges in CCN, which accelerated the Co3+/2+ cycle and realized the efficient activation of PMS. Overall, this study provides a new strategy for the development of efficient photocatalytic activation of PMS for rapid degradation of organic pollutants.

Enhancing photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance for D-π-A conjugated polymers based on the perylene diimide

Efficient photocatalysts rely on constructing heterostructure with reasonable configuration. In this study, a novel conjugated polymer with a D-π-A structure was fabricated from polycondensation of perylene diimide and dibenzothiophene sulfone through the suzuki coupling reaction, during which the biphenyl was incorporated as a π-bridge. The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance of these copolymers were optimized by introducing different mass fractions of π-bridges via adjusting the additions of biphenyls The optimized PyBpDBSO-5 copolymer, with 17 wt.% perylene diimide and 5 wt% biphenyl, obtained photocatalytic hydrogen productivity of 48.54mmol/h g−1 under visible light without adding Pt as cocatalyst, which is 146.1 % improvement compared to the poly(dibenzothiophene-S,S-dioxide) (PDBTSO, 19.72mmol/h g−1). Based on the analysis of physical and chemical properties, electrochemical testing, the significant advantages of D-π-A configuration in promoting light absorption, photogenerated carriers transfer and separation was confirmed, which was further rationalized by the larger co-planarity of the polymer based on DFT calculations. This study provides inspiration about construction of conjugated organic polymer catalyst towards efficient photocatalysts.

Precisely Regulating Asymmetric Charge Distribution by Single-Atom Central Doped Ag-Based Series Clusters for Enhanced Photoreduction of CO2 to Alcohol Fuels.

High efficiently photocatalytic CO2 reduction (CO2RR) into liquid fuels in pure water system remains challenged. Iron polyphthalocyanine (FePPc) with strong light harvesting, unique Fe-N4 structure, abundant pores, and good stability could serve as a promising catalyst for CO2 photoreduction. To further improve the catalytic efficiency, herein, symmetry-breaking Fe sites are constructed by coupling with atomically precise M1Ag24 (M=Ag, Au, Pt) series clusters. Especially, the introduction of Pt1Ag24 causes the most asymmetric charge distribution of Fe in FePPc (followed by Au1Ag24 and Ag25), leading to the favorable CO2 adsorption and activation. In addition, Pt1Ag24-FePPc exhibits the most effective photogenerated carriers transfer and separation. As a result, Pt1Ag24-FePPc shows the methanol/ethanol yield of 48.55/32.97 μmol·gcat-1·h-1 in H2O-CO2 system under visible light irradiation, ~ 1.65/1.25-fold, 1.83/1.37-fold, and 3.6/1.61-fold higher than that of Au1Ag24-FePPc, Ag25-FePPc, and FePPc, respectively. This work provides a concept for precisely construction and regulation symmetry-breaking sites of cluster-based catalysts for effective CO2 conversion.

Precisely Regulating Asymmetric Charge Distribution by Single‐Atom Central Doped Ag‐Based Series Clusters for Enhanced Photoreduction of CO2 to Alcohol Fuels

AbstractHigh efficiently photocatalytic CO2 reduction (CO2RR) into liquid fuels in pure water system remains challenged. Iron polyphthalocyanine (FePPc) with strong light harvesting, unique Fe‐N4 structure, abundant pores, and good stability could serve as a promising catalyst for CO2 photoreduction. To further improve the catalytic efficiency, herein, symmetry‐breaking Fe sites are constructed by coupling with atomically precise M1Ag24 (M=Ag, Au, Pt) series clusters. Especially, the introduction of Pt1Ag24 causes the most asymmetric charge distribution of Fe in FePPc (followed by Au1Ag24 and Ag25), leading to the favorable CO2 adsorption and activation. In addition, Pt1Ag24‐FePPc exhibits the most effective photogenerated carriers transfer and separation. As a result, Pt1Ag24‐FePPc shows the methanol/ethanol yield of 48.55/32.97 μmol ⋅ gcat−1 ⋅ h−1 in H2O‐CO2 system under visible light irradiation, ~1.65/1.25‐fold, 1.83/1.37‐fold, and 3.60/1.61‐fold higher than that of Au1Ag24‐FePPc, Ag25‐FePPc, and FePPc, respectively. This work provides a concept for precisely construction and regulation symmetry‐breaking sites of cluster‐based catalysts for effective CO2 conversion.

Donor polarization engineering of conjugated microporous polymers to boost exciton dissociation for photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline

The misuse and inevitable release of antibiotics can cause significant harm to both human health and the environment, and the use of polymeric semiconductors for photodegradation of antibiotics in aqueous environments is one of the most effective strategies to alleviate the current dilemma. Nevertheless, the inherently high exciton binding energy (Eb) and low photogenerated carrier transfer efficiency for most photocatalysts results in unsatisfactory photodegradation performance. Hence, this work proposes a donor polarization strategy to regulate the exciton dissociation of conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) by minimizing their Eb. Results exhibited that the introduction of the strong donor unit 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) not only reduces the Eb and effectively promotes exciton dissociation, but also broadens the visible light absorption of CMP. Among them, EdtTz-CMP with the lowest Eb (99 meV) delivered an efficiency of 94.6% in photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline (TC) with in 90 min, significantly higher than those of its analogues. This work provides a viable approach to design CMPs by tuning the intrinsic dipole of the donor for efficient environmental purification.

Solution-processed quantum dot short-wavelength infrared photodetectors via integrating 2D MXenes into electron transport layer

Solution-processed quantum dots (QDs) have attracted intensive attention in short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) photodetectors due to their excellent optical properties and tunable size-dependent bandgap. However, the intrinsic defects of the widely used ZnO electron-transport layer (ETL) and the inappropriate band alignment at the interface between the ETL and photoactive QDs inevitably impact the optoelectronic performance of the photodetector. Herein, a high-performance self-powered SWIR photodetector is developed by using 2D Ti3C2 MXenes to passivate the defects of ZnO ETL and to tailor the band alignment at the interface of the ETL/photoactive layer through interface engineering. As a result, the SWIR photodetectors demonstrate the ultra-high light-to-dark current (Ilight/Idark) ratio of ∼ 105 and the low dark current density of 8.33 × 10-4 mA/cm2, and the high specific detectivity (D*) of 1.99 × 1011 Jones at 0 V. By the systematic characterizations, it is proofed that 2D MXene can efficiently passivate defects in ZnO and optimize the alignment of energy levels between the ETL and photoactive layer, which will suppress the recombination of electrons and holes and eventually promote photogenerated carrier transfer at the interface and thus improve device performance. This work revealed that the high-performance solution-processed QD based SWIR photodetector enabled by interface engineering will promote the development of optoelectronic devices in the future.

Insights on the efficiency and contribution of single active species in photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline: Priority attack active sites, intermediate products and their toxicity evaluation

Photocatalysis has been proven to be an excellent technology for treating antibiotic wastewater, but the impact of each active species involved in the process on antibiotic degradation is still unclear. Therefore, the S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst Ti3C2/g-C3N4/TiO2 was successfully synthesized using melamine and Ti3C2 as precursors by a one-step calcination method using mechanical stirring and ultrasound assistance. Its formation mechanism was studied in detail through multiple characterizations and work function calculations. The heterojunction photocatalyst not only enabled it to retain active species with strong oxidation and reduction abilities, but also significantly promoted the separation and transfer of photo-generated carriers, exhibiting an excellent degradation efficiency of 94.19 % for tetracycline (TC) within 120 min. Importantly, the priority attack sites, degradation pathways, degradation intermediates and their ecological toxicity of TC under the action of each single active species (·O2−, h+, ·OH) were first positively explored and evaluated through design experiments, Fukui function theory calculations, HPLC-MS, Escherichia coli toxicity experiments, and ECOSAR program. The results indicated that the preferred attack sites of ·O2− on TC were O20, C7, C11, O21, and N25 atoms with high f+ value. The toxicity of intermediates produced by ·O2− was also lower than those produced by h+ and ·OH.

Anchoring Pt single atoms on specific nitrogen vacancies of carbon nitride to accelerate photogenerated carrier transfer

The anchoring sites of metal single atoms are closely related to photogenerated carrier dynamics and surface reactions. Achieving smooth photogenerated charge transfer through precise design of single-atom anchoring sites is an effective strategy to enhance the activity of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. In this study, Pt single atoms were loaded onto ultra-thin carbon nitride with two-coordination nitrogen vacancies (VN2c-UCN-Pt) and ultra-thin carbon nitride with three-coordination nitrogen vacancies (VN3c-UCN-Pt). This paper investigated the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance and photogenerated carrier behavior of Pt single atoms at different anchoring sites. Surface photovoltage measurements indicated that VN2c-UCN-Pt exhibits a superior carrier separation efficiency compared to VN3c-UCN-Pt. More importantly, the surface photovoltage signal under the presence of H2O molecules revealed a significant decrease. Theoretical calculations suggest that VN2c-UCN-Pt exhibits superior capabilities in adsorbing and activating H2O molecules. Consequently, the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution efficiency of VN2c-UCN-Pt reaches 1774 µmol g−1h−1, which is 1.8 times that of VN3c-UCN-Pt with the same Pt loading. This work emphasized the structure–activity relationship between single-atom anchoring sites and photocatalytic activity, providing a new perspective for designing precisely dispersed single-atom sites to achieve efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

In situ loading of Ag2MoO4 nanoparticles onto oxygen-doped porous g-C3N4 for enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution

Photogenerated carriers transfer and separation from the substance itself to produce spatial isolated electron-hole pairs is crucial for the utilization of composite photocatalysts in the field of photocatalytic hydrogen (H2) evolution. Herein, novel oxygen-doped porous graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) micro-sheets decorated with Ag2MoO4 have been fabricated by a facile calcination method followed by in situ deposition strategy. The physicochemical properties of the obtained Ag2MoO4/OC3N4 composites were characterized via SEM, TEM, EDS, XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, XPS, UV–vis DRS, PL, transient photocurrent response, and EIS, as well as DFT calculation. In addition, the effects of Ag2MoO4 content, type of scavengers, pH value of reaction solution and dosage of scavenger on photocatalytic H2 production were investigated. The results show that the modification of ammonium acetate thermal polymerization with urea could enhance the porosity of g-C3N4 and its specific surface area. The Ag2MoO4 nanoparticles are highly dispersed on the OC3N4 surface, reducing the charge transfer resistance at their interfaces. The OC3N4 photocatalyst achieves H2 yield of 8629.11 μmol/g over 2 h, which is about 1.46 times higher than that of C3N4. The H2 production amount over the optimal Ag2MoO4/OC3N4 composite photocatalyst (50 mg) is further enhanced to 16619 μmol/g, which is 1.93 and 180 times higher than that of OC3N4 and Ag2MoO4, respectively. The S-scheme charge transfer mechanism of Ag2MoO4/OC3N4 is proposed based on the DFT calculation. This work provides a facile and easy strategy to develop g–C3N4–based photocatalysts through adjusting chemical composition and photocatalytic properties.

BiVO4 photoanode modified with FeOOH cocatalyst for visible-light-driven photoelectrocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants

Photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) could effectively and gently treat wastewater. Nonetheless, catalysts face the pronounced tendency of sluggish photogenerated carrier transfer and carrier recombination. In this paper, we herein fabricate FeOOH/BiVO4 photoanode through the incorporation of a cocatalyst FeOOH onto the BiVO4 surface. This modified photoanode demonstrated improved performance when coupled with peroxomonosulfate (PMS) for the purpose of oxidizing tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) within the PEC system. In the presence of 0.3 mM PMS, the degradation efficiency of TCH increased from 65 % to 88 % within 60 min. The effects of PMS concentration, applied voltage and TCH concentration on the decomposition were studied in detail. Through free radical scavenging experiments, it was found that SO4•-, h+ and ·OH played an important role in TCH degradation. In addition, the FeOOH/BiVO4 with PMS activation in the PEC system also could be capable of dealing with some more organic pollutants (antibiotics and dyes) and achieving good degradation effect. More importantly, TCH degradation rate by FeOOH/BiVO4 photoanode is still over 80 % after five cycles of reuse. This work provides a promising approach for the synthesis of novel photoanodes in the PEC systems with excellent PEC properties in removing environmental pollutants.

Solar-driven Bi6O5(OH)3(NO3)5(H2O)3/Bi2WO6 heterojunction for efficient degradation of organic pollutants: Insights into adsorption mechanism, charge transfer and degradation pathway

Actualizing controllable construction of efficient heterojunction nanocomposites remains a challenge in the field of photocatalytic water remediation, which can be got over through exploiting in-situ attachment approaches between different semiconductors. Based on this, we successfully fabricated a unique separable Z-scheme Bi6O5(OH)3(NO3)5(H2O)3/Bi2WO6 (BON/BW) nanoflowers by an in-situ growth strategy. The profitable photogenerated carriers transfer mediated by Z-scheme heterojunction greatly accelerated the generation of •O2– and •OH. The strong adsorption of 4-nitrophenols (4-NP) with parallel configuration on side Bi2WO6 in BON/BW nanocomposites also provides great convenience for subsequent degradation steps. By optimizing multiple steps in the photocatalytic reaction process, BON/BW showed far superior photodegradation performance compared to single components. The causes and consequences of 4-NP photodegradation were explored through LC-MS tests, theoretical calculations, and toxicity analysis, and a green and safe degradation pathway was proposed. More experiments have confirmed that the synthesized BON/BW composites also have excellent degradation ability against other pollutants under sunlight, demonstrating excellent universality. With any luck, the logical design of heterojunction photocatalysts for effective photocatalytic water remediation should be aided by this study.

Boosting photocatalytic activity in ternary lamellar hierarchical structured ZnFe2O4/polymeric carbon nitride by constructing an electronic bridge

Photocatalytic technology is one of the ideal approaches for clean energy production and environmental pollution control in the future. However, the rapid recombination of photo-generated charge carriers is a bottleneck problem of low solar energy conversion efficiency. Herein, a magnetic ZnFe2O4/Pt/polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) semiconductor catalyst is designed and prepared for high-performance photocatalytic hydrogen production reaction and photocatalytic degradation rate of RhB. It exhibits 339.31 μmol·g−1·h−1 hydrogen production rate and 96.08 % photocatalytic degradation rate of RhB within 120 min under visible light. The introduction of Pt, constructing an electronic bridge, accelerated the transfer of photo-generated carriers, meanwhile, the smaller band gap of the ternary composites enabled the generation of more photo-generated electrons. The internal electric field accelerated the accumulation of electrons and holes in the conduction band of ZnFe2O4 and valence band of PCN, thus photocatalytic activity is greatly enhanced. The electron-hole separation is also improved and the transport of photo-generated electrons is facilitated by the special structure of the heterojunction and the unique morphology of PCN. In addition, the used catalyst can be recovered through magnetic fields, and this magnetic catalytic system has great application prospects in the fields of photocatalytic hydrogen production and pollutant degradation.