photo-Fenton Catalytic Performance Research Articles

Highly efficient degradation and detoxification of antibiotics over C–Dots/siderite heteroaggregates in photo-Fenton systems: The crucial role of C–Dots

The substantial presence of antibiotics in aquatic environments remains as a critical environmental issue that needs to be urgently addressed. In this study, mimetics of C–Dots/siderite heteroaggregates (CSI) were studied in a visible-light-responsive Fenton system as a platform for the degradation of antibiotics in contaminated water. By virtue of the excellent electron transfer of C–Dots, the sustained conversion cycles of Fe(II) → Fe(III) → Fe(II) in CSI were greatly accelerated, and meanwhile the H2O2 utilization was enhanced. The optimized CSI–3 nanocomposite displayed a prominent degradation efficiency towards a series of tetracycline analogs at ppb levels. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicated the excellent photo-Fenton catalytic performance of CSI originated from the increased d-band center and electron density, which considerably improves the utilization of H2O2. Both experimental and theoretical studies revealed that the correlated toxicity of degradation intermediates was significantly decreased. Additionally, a continuous flow device integrating the CSI photo-Fenton system maintained a high degradation efficiency after long-term treatment of simulated chlortetracycline wastewater. The presented work thereby confirms a spontaneous remediation process for the decontamination and detoxification of persistent organic pollutants under the action of heteroaggregates formed by engineered nanoparticles and natural minerals.

Enhanced Photo-Fenton Catalytic Performance toward Acid Orange II by FeOCl/CdS Quantum Dot Composites: Density Functional Theory Calculations and Mechanistic Insights

Enhanced Photo-Fenton Catalytic Performance toward Acid Orange II by FeOCl/CdS Quantum Dot Composites: Density Functional Theory Calculations and Mechanistic Insights

Construction of an interpenetrating manganese residue-derived FeC2O4/CuC2O4 composite with enhanced charge transfer in photo-Fenton reactions via mechanical activation pre-anchoring strategy

The low rates of charge separation and migration and the pronounced photo-corrosion of FeC2O4 significantly limit its environmental applications. Strengthening the charge transfer rate by constructing a tight bimetallic interface is an attractive method. Herein, a novel interpenetrating manganese residue (MR)-derived FeC2O4/CuC2O4 (MAMR-FeCuOx) composite with intimate interface was constructed via mechanical activation (MA) pre-anchoring and liquid-phase deposition-photo-reduction strategy, and was used as a photo-Fenton catalyst for efficient degradation of oxytetracycline (OTC) under visible light irradiation. The Cu2+ was uniformly dispersed and anchored on the surface of MR after MA pretreatment and an interpenetrating structure was formed through the liquid-phase deposition-photo-reduction process. MAMR-FeCuOx displayed excellent photo-Fenton catalytic performance and stability with a 99% OTC removal rate within 10 min, which is 20.87 times higher than that of FeC2O4, and maintained over 96% OTC removal rate even after ten consecutive cycles. These enhanced catalytic performances and stability can be attributed to the formation of an interpenetrating structure with the intimate interface between FeC2O4 and CuC2O4 induced by MA pretreatment, which promoted electronic interactions between Fe and Cu for effectively reducing the charge transfer barriers. This improved the utilization rate of visible light, the interface electron migration, and the separation efficiency of photogenerated charge carriers. This study provides new insights into the valorization of solid waste and the development of stable and efficient FeC2O4-based catalysts.

Ultrathin CuNi2Al-LDH nanosheets with enhanced electron transfer for visible-light-driven photo-fenton-like water decontamination

The Cu-based photo-Fenton-like process stands out as a promising technology for water decontamination, but its catalytic efficiency for refractory organic pollutants removal still suffers from shortage of Cu(I) supply in the activation of H2O2. Herein, we, for the first time, developed ultrathin nanosheets of Cu(I)-enrich CuNi2Al layered double hydroxides (CuNi2Al-LDH) with fast electron transfer rate to achieve superior visible-light-driven photo-Fenton catalytic performance. In the brucite-like sheets of LDH, the electron donation effect of Ni enabled the electron transfer from Ni to Cu, resulting in generation of 62.9 % Cu(I) content, which provided abundant Cu(I) active sites for Fenton-like reaction. Notably, the coexistence of Ni and Cu ions in the nanosheets significantly enhanced the visible-light harvesting ability by d-d transitions, thereby boosting the production of photogenerated carriers. More importantly, the Ni sites with excellent electroactivity served as electron-transfer mediators to remarkably promote the photogenerated carriers charge separation and photogenerated electrons transfer, leading to nearly 20 times improvement in the photocurrent density of CuNi2Al-LDH in comparison to the Ni-free LDH, which greatly expedited the Cu(II)/Cu(I) cycle and promoted H2O2 activation. Benefiting from these advantages, CuNi2Al-LDH could degrade 100 % of phenol, tetracycline (TC) and dyes within 30 min at room temperature through the synergy effect of photocatalysis and Fenton oxidation, and the reactive oxygen species •OH, •O2− and 1O2 contributed 44.2 %, 12.9 % and 37.7 % to the degradation of pollutants, respectively. This study provides an ingenious strategy to the rational design of on-demand multifunctional catalysts for advanced water remediation.

Efficiently removal of tetracycline via synergistic photocatalysis with Fenton reaction with biochar/FeOOH

The combination of photocatalysis and the Fenton reaction has been recognized as a promising technology for the removal of antibiotics from wastewater. In this study, the growth of magnetic recyclable FeOOH nanoneedles on the surface of biochar (BC) was realized by carbonization and hydrothermal two step method for efficient treatment of antibiotic wastewater. The introduction of BC not only increases the light absorption performance but also accelerates the transfer and separation efficiency of the interface photogenerated charge, further improving the photocatalytic performance. BC/FeOOH displayed enhanced photocatalytic activity compared with BC or FeOOH. Importantly, BC/FeOOH demonstrated promoted photo-Fenton catalytic performance, achieving 92 % of TC degradation rate in presence of H2O2 under the visible light irradiation with 90 min, compared to the photocatalytic efficiency of BC/FeOOH (70 % of TC) without H2O2, attributing to the presence of H2O2 promoted the recycling of Fe3+/Fe2+. Moreover, the O2− and h+ were found to be the important active species, and the potential degradation mechanism and pathway were investigated. Furthermore, magnetic BC/FeOOH demonstrated remarkable reusability and excellent cycling capability. The present study offers valuable insights into the development of a photocatalysis-Fenton synergy system for the effective decontamination of antibiotic wastewater.

Effects of Cobalt Salt Precursors on the Characteristics and photo-Fenton Catalytic Performance of Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles Synthesized by the Solvothermal Method

Effects of Cobalt Salt Precursors on the Characteristics and photo-Fenton Catalytic Performance of Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles Synthesized by the Solvothermal Method

Promoting photo-fenton catalytic performance of novel NiZrO3-type perovskite: Optimization with response surface methodology

Perovskite type NiZrO3 photocatalysts were synthesized by ball-mill technique and used for tetracycline (TC) degradation. NiZrO3 milled for 6 h (NiZrO3-6h) had significant-99 % photo-Fenton catalytic activity on TC removal It was determined that the characteristic peaks of NiZrO3 with XRD, spherical shaped structures with SEM, no organic peaks in the structure with FTIR, band gap of 4.40 eV with DRS and stable colloids with zeta potential. Response surface methodology (RSM) including Box-Behnken design (BBD) was applied to examine H2O2, Fe2+ and initial TC concentration effects on degradation and it was observed that H2O2 concentration had the highest effect on TC degradation. The photocatalytic efficacy of NiZrO3 could still eliminate 78 % of initial antibiotic molecules after eight-cycle. The application potential for Photo-Fenton assisted NiZrO3-6h was also observed in the degradation of other organic pollutants such as drugs (salicylic acid, ciprofloxacin, ampicillin) and dye (methylene blue, rhodamine-b, orange-II, malachite green, crystal violet). It suggests that the mechanochemically synthesized NiZrO3-6h perovskite could be suitable for its effective use in the photo-Fenton catalytic system.

Construction of g-C3N4/Fe-MOFs Type-Ⅱ heterojunction promotes photo-Fenton degradation of doxycycline

A type-II heterojunction photo-Fenton catalyst g-C3N4/Fe-MOFs was synthesized with the utilization of waste PET by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma. The coupling of Fe-MOFs enhanced the visible-light absorption regions of g-C3N4, and induced the formation of type-II heterojunction, which inhibited the recombination of photo-generated electrons and holes. g-C3N4/Fe-MOFs exhibited a much higher photo-Fenton catalytic performance, which was 4.42 and 3.30 times higher than that of g-C3N4 and Fe-MOFs for the degradation of doxycycline (DOX), respectively. The enhanced photo-Fenton catalytic performance could be attributed to the synergistic electron transfer interface between g-C3N4 and Fe-MOFs, thus inhibiting the recombination of photo-generated electrons and holes. The possible mechanism of photo-Fenton degradation of DOX with g-C3N4/Fe-MOFs was proposed based on the radical trapping experiments, as well as the characterization of EPR and Mott-Schottky. This research could provide an efficient and green method for the utilization of waste PET and the treatment of antibiotic wastewater.

Magnetically recyclable 1 T-2 H MoS2/Fe3O4 hybrids with photothermal-promoted photo-Fenton catalytic performance

The transition metal sulfide MoS2 has attracted great interest from the scientific community as an excellent co-catalyst for promoting Fe2+/Fe3+ cycling in advanced oxidation processes to enhance the efficiency of H2O2 decomposition. A photothermal-enhanced photo-Fenton pollutant degradation strategy was proposed. Hybrids of magnetically recyclable Fe3O4 fabricated 1 T-2 H MoS2 (1 T-2 H MoS2 @Fe3O4) with excellent photothermal conversion efficiency were fabricated to overcome the limitations of relatively low catalytic activity and cycling stability in Fenton reaction. XRD, Raman, TEM and hysteresis loop were employed to evaluate the heterogeneous phase 1 T-2 H MoS2 nanoflowers as well as the magnetic property. The 1 T-2 H MoS2 @Fe3O4 hybrids with excellent photothermal conversion efficiency not only enhance the reaction temperature of the Fenton reaction occurring on the material surface, but also demonstrate an effective interfacial photothermal water evaporation efficiency. Due to the synergistic effect of photocatalysis and photo-Fenton catalytic reaction, a quick degradation of simulated pollution were achieved in 5 mins with 98.3% degradation, which could be further improved to 99% due to the photothermal promoting reaction. The 1 T-2 H MoS2 @Fe3O4 hybrids exhibit good magnetic recyclability, cyclic stability and photothermal performance, which endow it a wide potential application in the field of environmental remediation and the field of water evaporation at the photothermal interface, etc.

Water strider inspired floating solar evaporator with high salt-resistant ability for desalination of contaminated seawater

Solar-driven interface desalination (SDIE) is a low-energy-cost method to address freshwater and energy crises. Unfortunately, not only salt accumulation but also current seawater desalination seriously impairs steam generation and limits long-term use of the evaporator. Moreover, the pathogens and organic contamination severely threatens the production of drinkable water. Herein, we constructed a salt-resistant solar evaporator based on hierarchical FeS2/TiO2 nanotube arrays (FeS2-TNTs) with an assembled Ti mesh. Inspired by the floating feature of water striders, a hydrophobic coating was constructed at the four corners of the mesh, and the gap created by the microstructure offered a unique salt excretion pathway and addressed the salt accumulation challenge. The resulting self-floating mesh achieved a high evaporation rate of 1.05 kg m−2 h−1 in 20 wt% NaCl solution and stably applied for more than 20 days without salt accumulation under 1-sun irradiation. In addition, because of excellent photo-Fenton catalytic performance of FeS2/TiO2 heterostructure, the evaporator effectively removed more than 90% of organic pollutants, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs), dyes, antibiotics, and pesticides in 30 min and inactivate 107 CFU mL−1 of Escherichia coli (E. coli) within 20 min in a simulated seawater without salt accumulation under 1 sun. The salt-resistant evaporator is easily scalable and tailorable, providing a promising solar desalination device for water purification with a low energy cost.

Synthesis of magnetic MFe2O4@PC (M = Fe, Cu, Co, and Mn) composites and application of heterogeneous photo-Fenton efficient removal of metronidazole under visible light

Nanoscale magnetic spinel ferrite composites with the general formula MFe2O4@PC (M = Fe, Cu, Co, and Mn; PC = biochar) were prepared by a facile impregnation and pretreatment method. MFe2O4@PC particles were deliberated by X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller adsorption–desorption isotherm (BET), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Vibrating Sample Magnetometer. The results showed that MFe2O4 coating, which is evenly distributed on the surface of HNO3-pretreated biochar, can provide more active sites to enable MFe2O4@PC to be activated by visible light. The XRD confirmed that the crystallite sizes of MFe2O4 ranged from 10.0 to 27.9 nm. With the help of surface-OH, PCoF has a rapid adsorption performance on metronidazole (MNZ) and can degrade 99% of MNZ within 20 minutes at an optimal pH of 3.0. Meanwhile, the PCuF composites showed excellent photo-Fenton catalytic performance for the degradation of MNZ under neutral pH conditions, and 96.0% of MNZ (300 mg/L) could be removed within 120 min. This study confirmed OH is the main reactant, while O2− and h+ contributed to the degradation of MNZ during photocatalysis. MFe2O4@PC composite can be separated easily by an external magnetic field. The synthesized PCoF was reused for 5 cycles and it was clear that it had no significant loss, indicating its excellent ability to remove MNZ from wastewater.

CuNCs-MOFs with hydrogen bonding sites: H2O-induced emission-enhanced phosphorescence-fluorescence conversion and high photo-Fenton catalytic performance

Clusters-based metal–organic frameworks (CMOFs) obtained through supramolecular interactions between clusters are expected to be a promising class of materials with interesting properties and attractiveness. Herein, CuNCs protected by AMT (3-amino-1,2,4-triazole-5-thiol) ligands were synthesized, which coordinated with Zn2+ to form a nanosheet CuNCs-MOFs structure, resulting in AIE and enhanced photoluminescence (QY = 1.1 %). Upon aging in H2O, H2O molecules are inserted into S-CuNCs by the hydrogen bond to support 3D microflowers structures, and weak phosphorescence conver to strong fluorescence (28.9 %), simultaneously. After drying, H2O molecules are released by F-CuNCs, which is labled with V-CuNCs, and then easily combined with H2O2, which can be catalyzed to OH by Cu+. Under UV irradiation, CuNCs-MOFs generate photogenerated electrons and holes. As-obtained electrons react with H2O2 to generate more OH, and then catalyze dyes. The remaining holes will also receive electrons given by the dyes. Under the irradiation of Xe lamp, the common three dyes, MB, MO, RB and antibiotic, tetracycline, can be completely degraded within 30 min. Furthermore, under the sunlight, the mixture of dyes and antibiotics also can be completely degraded after 100 min. V-CuNCs show excellent photo-Fenton catalytic performance and have the bright photocatalytic prospects in waste water.

Optimization of Photo-Fenton Catalyst Preparation Based Bamboo Carbon Fiber by Response Surface Methodology

In this paper, the residue from bamboo factory has been used to design photo-Fenton catalyst, which has the advantages of low cost and magnetic recycling. The photo-Fenton catalytic performance of the biocarbon-based catalyst was excellent and its optimal preparation process was also explored by response surface methodology. First, bamboo-carbon fiber was selected as the photo-Fenton catalyst carrier. Subsequently, the surface of the carbon fiber was modified, with which dopamine, nano-Fe3O4 and nano-TiO2 were successively loaded by hydrothermal method. After examined single factor tests, four factors including dopamine concentration, ferric chloride mass, P25 titanium dioxide mass and liquid-solid ratio were selected to the characteristic values. The degradation efficiency of photo-Fenton catalyst to methylene blue (MB) solution was treated as the response value. After the analysis of the response surface optimization, it was showed that the significance sequence of the selected 4 factors in terms of the MB degradation efficiency was arranged as following: dopamine concentration > liquid-solid ratio > P25 titanium dioxide quality > ferric chloride quality. The optimal process parameters of fiber-carbon catalyst were affirmed as following: the 1.7 mg/mL concentration of dopamine, the 1.2 g mass of ferric chloride, the 0.2 g mass of P25 titanium dioxide and the liquid-solid ratio of 170 mL/g. The experiment-measured average MB degradation efficiency performed by the optimized catalyst was 99.3%, which was nearly similar to the model-predicted value of 98.9%. It showed that the prediction model and response surface model were accurate and reliable. The results from response surface optimization could provide a good reference to design bamboo-based Fenton-like catalyst with excellent catalytic performance.

Synthesis of rod-like PANI/α-Fe2O3composite catalysts with excellent photo-Fenton catalytic performance

Rod-like PANI/α-Fe2O3composite catalysts were synthesized by constructing heterojunctions, which enhanced α-Fe2O3photogenerated carrier separation efficiency and photo-Fenton performance.

Photo-Fenton catalytic and photocatalytic performance of FeWO4 nanorods prepared at different pH

Different sizes of FeWO4 nanorods were prepared employing a hydrothermal approach, solely by altering the pH of the precursor solution. The FeWO4 nanorods prepared at pH = 7 (FeWO4-7) were shorter than those prepared at pH = 2 (FeWO4-2). Compared with FeWO4-2, FeWO4-7 had bigger specific surface area, stronger visible-light-absorbing ability (smaller bandgap), and higher photogenerated charge separation and transfer efficiencies. Accordingly, FeWO4-7 exhibited much superior activity than FeWO4-2 in both photo-Fenton catalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) and photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) under visible-light (λ > 420 nm) irradiation. The photo-Fenton catalytic and photocatalytic efficiencies of FeWO4-7 were about 8.5 and 2.9 times those of FeWO4-2, respectively. Furthermore, FeWO4-7 was reusable and fairly stable in both the photo-Fenton catalytic and photocatalytic applications. This study would be useful for guiding the hydrothermal preparation of high-efficiency visible-light-active FeWO4 photo-Fenton catalyst and photocatalyst, and the pH-modulated microstructural control method may be applicable to synthesize semiconductor nanomaterials with varied microstructures.

Fe doped Bi2O2S nanosheets for improved organic pollutants photo-Fenton degradation and CO2 photoreduction

Photo-Fenton reaction is regarded as an effective method for removing organic pollutants in wastewater. Herein, the Fe doped Bi2O2S nanosheets were synthesized for tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) photo-Fenton degradation. The optimized Fe doped Bi2O2S (2mol%Fe-BOS) achieves greatly enhanced TCH photo-Fenton degradation efficiency up to 81.01% with respect to the pure BOS (21.33%) under visible light irradiation. The enhanced photo-Fenton catalytic performance of Fe-BOS was mainly attributed to the photoinduced electrons can be quickly migrated to Fe3+ to generate Fe2+, which boost the electron transfer capacity, and hydroxyl radicals (OH) were quickly produced via the reaction between Fe2+ and H2O2. Meanwhile, the 2mol%Fe-BOS displays relatively higher CO2-to-CH4 conversion activity. Additionally, a possible catalytic reaction mechanism over Fe-BOS system is proposed based on the radical quenching, electron spin resonance (ESR) analysis and Density functional theory (DFT) calculation. This work demonstrates that the introduction of Fe3+ is a promising strategy to design of efficient Bi2O2S-based photocatalysts for H2O2 activation and solar-to-fuel conversion.

Functional partition of Fe and Ti co-doped g-C3N4 for photo-Fenton degradation of oxytetracycline: Performance, mechanism, and DFT study

In this study, we synthesized Fe and Ti co-doped graphitic carbon nitride (FTCN) with high catalytic ability by a two-step calcination method. The photoelectrochemical results indicated that FTCN possessed a reduced bandgap and promoted photocarrier transfer efficiency, which enables FTCN excellent performance on oxytetracycline (OTC) degradation (90 % within 10 min). The main reactive oxygen species and the intermediates of OTC in the photo-Fenton process were obtained. Experimental data and density functional theory (DFT) were combined to explore the mechanism in depth. Interestingly, it was found that Fe and Ti respectively act as the main activation centers of H2O2 and O2, while few oxygen-containing metal active sites participate in the activation process. The synergistic effect of bimetallic doping plays a significant role in enhancing the photo-Fenton catalytic performance. Hopefully, a new approach to design highly efficient multifunctional catalysts or dual single-atom catalysts can be developed.

Enhanced visible light photo-Fenton catalysis by lanthanum-doping BiFeO3 for norfloxacin degradation

Efficient photo-Fenton removal of antibiotic effluent is a widely followed and significant attempt to deal with the growing environmental pollution. In this study, BiFeO3 and lanthanum doped BiFeO3 catalysts were synthesized via one-step hydrothermal method as hydrogen peroxide activator for mineralization of norfloxacin (NOR). Various characterization measurements were used to verify La was successfully doped into the lattice of perovskite and investigated the effect of La doping molar ratio on BiFeO3 through the characterization of the morphology and physicochemical properties. The degradation experiment and reaction rate constants showed that the La-doped BiFeO3 particle exhibited superior photo-Fenton catalytic performance to undoped BiFeO3. Especially, the degradation efficiency of 15% La-doped BiFeO3 could reach up to 84.94%. And the first order kinetic constant of optimized conditions was 0.01638 min−1, which was about 6.9 times than that of undoped BiFeO3.The influence of pH, oxidizer content and catalyst dosage in photo-Fenton reaction were investigated detailedly. Besides, the synthetic catalyst possessed favorable stability and reusability with little metal leaching after many cycles of use. Radical scavenger experiments and electron spin resonance tests were carried out to conclude that the ·OH and holes were regarded as the dominate active species in the catalytic process. The narrow band gap and excellent electron transfer efficiency were the key factors for La-doped BiFeO3 to have high catalytic efficiency in the photo-Fenton system. Current works demonstrated the great promise of La-doped BiFeO3 in the elimination of antibiotic organics.

Preparation of three-dimensional ordered macroporous Ag/LaFeO3 and heterogeneous photo-Fenton degradation of penicillin G potassium

ABSTRACT 3DOMLaFeO3 was prepared by template method combined with sol-gel method using monodisperse polystyrene (PS) microspheres as template, and Ag/3DOMLaFeO3 perovskite catalyst was prepared by impregnation method combined with sodium borohydride reduction method. The catalysts were characterised by means of TG, XRD, SEM, BET, XPS, UV-vis DRS, etc. The photo-Fenton catalytic performance, stability and catalytic reaction mechanism of Ag/3DOMLaFeO3 were studied with penicillin G potassium (PEN G) as the model pollutant. The results indicated that the as-prepared Ag/3DOMLaFeO3 exhibited a three-dimensional ordered macroporous (3DOM) structure, and the light capture and mass transfer were enhanced through abundant pores and large specific surface area. Based on the surface plasmon resonance effect (SPR), Ag loading enhanced the absorption of the material in the visible light region, and inhibited the recombination of photogenerated carriers, which improved the photocatalytic performance of 3DOMLaFeO3 under visible light. Under the conditions of hydrogen peroxide dosage of 1.5 mL·L−1, initial pH of 5, PEN G initial concentration of 100 mg·L−1, catalyst dosage of 300 mg·L−1, xenon lamp irradiation, the degration ratio of PEN G and the removal rate of TOC reached 99.99% and 85.45% within 120 min, respectively. In addition, it had a wide range of pH application, excellent stability and practical application value. The quenching experiment and ESR test showed that ·OH and ·O2 − were the reasons for high catalytic degradation. The least square method was used to fit the experimental data, and the results displayed that the degradation of PEN G was approximately in line with the first-order kinetic reaction.

Superior photo-Fenton activity toward tetracycline degradation by 2D α-Fe2O3 anchored on 2D g-C3N4: S-scheme heterojunction mechanism and accelerated Fe3+/Fe2+ cycle

Photo-Fenton advanced oxidation process has received intense attention since it can exert the synergistic effect of photocatalysis and Fenton reaction. Herein, 2D/2D α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 S-scheme heterojunctions were successfully fabricated and applied in photo-Fenton degrading tetracycline hydrochloride (TC). The crystalline phases, morphologies, microstructures, textural structures and optical properties of as-prepared heterojunctions were thoroughly characterized. By comparison and optimizing, the 5.26 wt% 2D/2D α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 heterojunction exhibited the best photo-Fenton catalytic activity for TC degradation. The outstanding photo-Fenton catalytic performance could be ascribed to the efficient separation and utilization of photogenerated charges by an S-scheme transfer route, as well as accelerating the cycle of Fe3+/Fe2+. The active species trapping tests, photoluminescence (PL) spectra, electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were implemented, which not only evidenced that the hydroxyl radicals (·OH), superoxide radicals (·O2-) and holes (h+) were all involved in the photo-Fenton reaction, but also further corroborated the S-scheme charge transfer mechanism. Additionally, the possible degradation pathways of TC were reasonably proposed by the high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analytic results. This current work provided an insight into the construction of 2D/2D S-scheme heterojunction photo-Fenton catalysts for environment remediation.