Low-level Laser Therapy Research Articles

Selective neural inhibition via photobiomodulation alleviates behavioral hypersensitivity associated with small sensory fiber activation.

Photobiomodulation at higher irradiances has great potential as a pain-alleviating method that selectively inhibits small diameter nerve fibers and corresponding sensory experiences, such as nociception and heat sensation. The longevity and magnitude of these effects as a function of laser irradiation parameters at the nerve was explored. In a rodent chronic pain model (spared nerve injury-SNI), light was applied directly at the sural nerve with four delivery schemes: two irradiance levels (7.64 and 2.55 W/cm2 ) for two durations each, corresponding to either 4.8 or 14.4 J total energy, and the effect on sensory hypersensitivities was evaluated. At emitter irradiances of 7.64 W/cm2 (for 240 s), 2.55 W/cm2 (for 720 s), and 7.64 W/cm2 (for 80 s) the heat hypersensitivity was relieved the day following photobiomodulation (PBM) treatment by 37 ± 8.1% (statistically significant, p < 0.001), 26% ± 6% (p = 0.072), and 28 ± 6.1% (statistically significant, p = 0.032), respectively, and all three treatments reduced the hypersensitivity over the course of the experiment (13 days) at a statistically significant level (mixed-design analysis of variance, p < 0.05). The increases in tissue temperature (5.3 ± 1.0 and 1.3 ± 0.4°C from 33.3°C for the higher and lower power densities, respectively) at the neural target were well below those typically associated with permanent action potential disruption. The data from this study support the use of direct PBM on nerves of interest to reduce sensitivities associated with small-diameter fiber activity.

Histological Assessment of the Effect Laser Irradiation on Full-Thickness Skin Wound Healing in Rabbits Models

Since there is currently no ideal treatment, wound healing impairment is a significant clinical challenge that is the subject of ongoing research into effective wound healing strategies. As a result, it has been demonstrated that low level laser therapy (LLLT), which is used for wound healing, can effectively control both the local and the systemic response. This study was conducted on 24 adult, clinically healthy male rabbits for this purpose. On each animal's back, full-thickness excisional wounds measuring 2 cm x 2 cm were created following sterile skin preparation. The animals were randomly split into two equal groups, each with twelve rabbits. In the group that acts as a control; 5 milliliters of phosphate-buffered saline was used to treat wounds. In the group treated; for the first seven days, the wounds were only treated with (LLLT) at a rate of 5/5 second at 8j/cm2. At the seventh, fourteenth, and 35th days of healing, histopathological biopsies were performed. The control group's histopathology revealed hemorrhage with inflammatory cell infiltration, primarily neutrophils, and congested blood vessels in the gap seven days after surgery. Necrotized neutrophils, hemolysis, and granulation tissue under the dermis were present in the gap at fourteen days. Between the muscle fibers, there was hemolysis. At 35 days, there was irregular proliferation of fibrous connective tissue, and congested blood vessels with mononuclear cell infiltration could be seen in the gap. At seven days, the treated group has completely sloughed the epidermis and a thin crust on the skin's surface with a small incision. In the dermis, there is a lot of infiltration of inflammatory cells, mostly lymphocytes and macrophages. There is also a lot of granulation tissue and a lot of adipose tissue with a lot of thick collagen network. At fourteen days, the epidermis' epithelial layers have healed completely and a keratinized layer is present. In the dermis, a proliferating and thick collagen network, scattered inflammatory cells, and regular fibrosis with hemorrhage and the development of a new B.V. At day 35, look for narrow scar tissue with complete epithelization, a keratinized layer above the epidermis, new vascularization with a lot of regular fibrosis and few regular collagen, new hair follicles, new blood vessels, and scattered macrophages. We concluded that full-thickness wound healing is positively influenced by the use of low level laser therapy (LLLT), which creates a microenvironment favorable to cell growth and differentiation.

Therapeutic efficacy and safety of home-based portable laser irradiation on patients with wrist pain: a single-blinded randomized controlled trial

The purpose of this study is to confirm the effect of small, portable low-level laser therapy (light sources in square configuration: 830 nm GaAs diode 3.2 mW at the center, 4 × 650 nm InGaAIP diodes over the corners) treatment in reducing and enhancing hand function in patients with wrist pain. This study was a prospective, randomized, sham-controlled, and home-based self-therapy trial. A total of thirty subjects with wrist pain were enrolled. All participants received low-level laser therapy on painful area at the wrist. The experimental group (n = 15) received laser stimulation, while the control group (n = 15) received sham stimulation using identical equipment that generated only a red light without the laser output. Both groups self-treated for 30 min a day, 5 days per week for 3 weeks, total of 15 sessions. The primary outcome was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) for wrist pain from 0 (painless) to 10 (extreme pain). The secondary outcomes were measured with patient-rated wrist evaluation (PRWE), grip strength, lateral, palmar, and tip pinch strength. Measures were taken before and after treatment. A total of thirty participants provided outcome data. After the intervention, both groups showed a significant decrease in VAS score, from 4.93 to 3.67 in experimental group, from 5.53 to 4.00 in control group (the experiment group: p = 0.020, the control group: p = 0.003). The experimental group showed a significant improvement in function scale score (p = 0.012), the control group did not. Lateral and pinch strength was significantly improved in the experimental group (p = 0.017) and in the control group (p = 0.034) respectively. There were no side effects in the patients. Medical laser irradiation is a portable and easy-to-use laser irradiator without side effects. Clinical Trial Registration number: KCT0006604.

Photobiomodulation and conditioned medium of adipose-derived stem cells for enhancing wound healing in rats with diabetes: an investigation on the proliferation phase.

This investigation tried to evaluate the combined and solo effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) and conditioned medium derived from human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (h-ASC-CM) on the inflammatory and proliferative phases of an ischemic infected delayed healing wound model (IIDHWM) in rats with type I diabetes mellitus (TIDM). The present investigation consisted of four groups: group 1 served as the control, group 2 treated with h-ASC-CM, group 3 underwent PBM treatment, and group 4 received a combination of h-ASC-CM and PBM. Clinical and laboratory assessments were conducted on days 4 and 8. All treatment groups exhibited significantly higher wound strength than the group 1 (p = 0.000). Groups 4 and 3 demonstrated significantly greater wound strength than group 2 (p = 0.000). Additionally, all therapeutic groups showed reduced methicillin -resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in comparison with group 1 (p = 0.000). While inflammatory reactions, including neutrophil and macrophage counts, were significantly lower in all therapeutic groups rather than group 1 on days 4 and 8 (p < 0.01), groups 4 and 3 exhibited superior results compared to group 2 (p < 0.01). Furthermore, proliferative activities, including fibroblast and new vessel counts, as well as the measurement of new epidermal and dermal layers, were significantly increased in all treatment groups on 4 and 8 days after the surgery (p < 0.001). At the same times, groups 4 and 3 displayed significantly higher proliferative activities compared to group 2 (p < 0.001). The treatment groups exhibited significantly higher mast cell counts and degranulation phenotypes in comparison with the group 1 on day 4 (p < 0.05). The treatment groups showed significantly lower mast cell counts and degranulation phenotypes than group 1 on day 8 (p < 0.05).The combined and individual application of h-ASC-CM and PBM remarkably could accelerate the proliferation phase of wound healing in the IIDHWM for TIDM in rats, as indicated by improved MRSA control, wound strength, and stereological evaluation. Furthermore, the combination of h-ASC-CM and PBM demonstrated better outcomes compared to the individual application of either h-ASC-CM or PBM alone.

Therapeutic Intervention in Lichen Planus Pilar (LPP): Synergy of Low-Level Laser Therapy and Topical Corticosteroid

Therapeutic Intervention in Lichen Planus Pilar (LPP): Synergy of Low-Level Laser Therapy and Topical Corticosteroid

Different Effects of Phototherapy for Rat Glioma during Sleep and Wakefulness.

There is an association between sleep quality and glioma-specific outcomes, including survival. The critical role of sleep in survival among subjects with glioma may be due to sleep-induced activation of brain drainage (BD), that is dramatically suppressed in subjects with glioma. Emerging evidence demonstrates that photobiomodulation (PBM) is an effective technology for both the stimulation of BD and as an add-on therapy for glioma. Emerging evidence suggests that PBM during sleep stimulates BD more strongly than when awake. In this study on male Wistar rats, we clearly demonstrate that the PBM course during sleep vs. when awake more effectively suppresses glioma growth and increases survival compared with the control. The study of the mechanisms of this phenomenon revealed stronger effects of the PBM course in sleeping vs. awake rats on the stimulation of BD and an immune response against glioma, including an increase in the number of CD8+ in glioma cells, activation of apoptosis, and blockage of the proliferation of glioma cells. Our new technology for sleep-phototherapy opens a new strategy to improve the quality of medical care for patients with brain cancer, using promising smart-sleep and non-invasive approaches of glioma treatment.

P533 Photo Biomodulation treatment in patients with Ulcerative Colitis

Abstract Background Current UC treatment options still fall short in both effectiveness and safety. Rectal inflammation may be particularly difficult to treat. Photo-biomodulation (PBM) involves the irradiation of specific non-ionizing, non-thermal light exerting an anti-inflammatory effect. PBM has demonstrated efficacy in various dermatologic and mucosal inflammatory conditions. These observations combined with ex-vivo mucosal healing studies suggest a potential efficacy of this therapy in inflammatory bowel diseases. Therefore, we aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of PBM treatment in UC patients with significant rectal inflammation. Methods The PhotoPill-ProctCare system comprises a rectal tube that delivers therapeutic 850nm, illumination to the rectal mucosa, at ~1 J/cm2. UC patients with clinical and endoscopic evidence of rectal inflammation were enrolled to the study. The rectal device was inserted and activated for 4 minutes. The study included two parts. Part 1 involved 6 treatment sessions over 14 days. Part 2 included up to 6 additional treatments over 6 weeks. Primary endpoint was treatment safety. Secondary endpoints were clinical, biochemical, endoscopic, histologic, and microbiome composition parameters during and following the intervention. Results Five patients were recruited for the part 1 of the study and 6 to part 2. All patients tolerated the treatment well. Two patients reported adverse events related to intervention; these were mild in severity and spontaneously resolved (mild abdominal discomfort up to 2 hours post-treatment). Two unrelated events included COVID infection and URTI. In part 2, two patients dropped out after 6 sessions due to lack of efficacy. Overall, 4/11 patients (36%) achieved clinical remission. Response was observed in 7/11 patients (63%). Mayo score decreased from 7.82±1.4 at baseline, to 4.91±1.93 post treatment (p&amp;lt;0.01). Rectal bleeding sub-score decreased from 1.91±0.61 to 1.09±0.67 (p=0.03), and stool frequency sub-score decreased from 2.09±1 to 1±0.74 (p&amp;lt;0.01) respectively. Mean Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity decreased from 6.75±1.33 to 5.9±1.5 (p=0.02). The number of host (human genome) reads within microbiome samples (likely indicative of shedding of epithelial cells) decreased post-treatment significantly in 4 patients and did not increase significantly in any of the patients. Moreover, several gut bacteria species (e.g. Bacteroides species) and bacterial pathways that are known to be associated with IBD activity, decreased significantly post-treatment. Conclusion This pilot study demonstrated the safety and efficacy of rectal Photo-Biomodulation for induction of response and remission in UC patients. Further studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results.

Near infrared low-level laser effect on electron radiation therapy of non-melanoma human squamous cell cancer: An in-vitro study

PurposeThe aim is to assess the efficacy of combined electron-laser radiation therapy on non-melanoma Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cancer cells in an in-vitro model. Material and methodsThe human SCC cancer line (TSCC-1) was purchased from the Iranian Biological Resources Center (IBRC) and cultured according to the standard protocol. The groups of this study were control; only electron radiation; only Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT); and combined laser-electron radiation. Irradiation with a 980 nm 50 mW laser was performed in a single session with energy doses of 1 and 1.5 J/cm2. Electron radiation was carried out using a Varian accelerator with a radiation dose of 2 and 4 Gy. 24 h after laser treatment of cancer cells, combined electron irradiation was performed. MTT and flow cytometry bioassays were performed and analyzed to check their effectiveness. ResultsThe cell viability assay for irradiation with 980 nm 50 mW NIR laser in a single session with an irradiation time of 20 and 30 s in combination with 2 and 4 Gy electrons showed a significant difference (P-value <0.01). Flow cytometry test of the electron-radiated samples showed that the sum of early and late apoptosis was the highest. However, for the combination of electron-laser radiation of 30 s with 2 and 4 Gy electrons, the maximum percentage of apoptosis and necrosis was obtained close to the electron alone. Except for the control group, the quantitative interval of induced necrosis of all the groups evaluated by electron alone, laser alone, and combined electron laser was almost equivalent. ConclusionsThis study showed that the physical parameters of a 980 nm NIR LLLT might not have a synergy effect on treatment response in combination with an electron ionizing beam on SCC cancer cells. It is critical to consider the effect of light irradiation parameters for combination therapy in more extensive studies.

INTERVENTION OF PHYSIOTHERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF CICATRIC FIBROSIS IN THE POST-SURGERY OF AESTHETIC SURGERY

Fibrosis is a change that occurs in the postoperative period, it is the formation or excessive development of fibrous tissue that occurs after a trauma, presenting itself as a reparative process. Among the main resources used for treatment, there are: Manual Lymphatic Drainage (DLM) and manual massage, kinesiotherapy, US, therapeutic laser, radiofrequency Objective: To search bibliographic references to show benefits of physical therapy in the treatment of Cicatricial Fibrosis in the postoperative period of plastic surgery. Methodology: This is a literature review. Articles (published between 2008 to 2019) researched in the Google Academic, Lilacs and Scielo virtual libraries were used. Results: Eight articles published between 2008 and 2019 were found where all demonstrated the effectiveness of physiotherapy in modulating the inflammatory and scar response, acting in the treatment of cicatricial fibrosis. Conclusion: A thorough evaluation of the tissue by the physiotherapist was perceived to be extremely important in order to choose the most appropriate method for the case, guaranteeing a quick and efficient surgical recovery.

INTERVENTION OF PHYSIOTHERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF CICATRIC FIBROSIS IN THE POST-SURGERY OF AESTHETIC SURGERY

Fibrosis is a change that occurs in the postoperative period, it is the formation or excessive development of fibrous tissue that occurs after a trauma, presenting itself as a reparative process. Among the main resources used for treatment, there are: Manual Lymphatic Drainage (DLM) and manual massage, kinesiotherapy, US, therapeutic laser, radiofrequency Objective: To search bibliographic references to show benefits of physical therapy in the treatment of Cicatricial Fibrosis in the postoperative period of plastic surgery. Methodology: This is a literature review. Articles (published between 2008 to 2019) researched in the Google Academic, Lilacs and Scielo virtual libraries were used. Results: Eight articles published between 2008 and 2019 were found where all demonstrated the effectiveness of physiotherapy in modulating the inflammatory and scar response, acting in the treatment of cicatricial fibrosis. Conclusion: A thorough evaluation of the tissue by the physiotherapist was perceived to be extremely important in order to choose the most appropriate method for the case, guaranteeing a quick and efficient surgical recovery.

Effectiveness of Low-Level Laser Therapy and Pulsed Ultrasound Combined with Exercise for Osteoarthritis of Knee

Background: A slow loss of cartilage, pain, functional impairment, and a decreased quality of life are allcharacteristics of the degenerative inflammatory sickness- osteoarthritis of the knee, which affects the whole joint.Pulsed ultrasound primarily has properties to boost tissue metabolism, improve the extensibility of tissues thatare fibrous, and raise pain thresholds. Laser beams having a wavelength of between 600 and 800 nanometers areproduced by limited laser treatment. It stimulates regeneration and the release of beta-endorphins by increasingprotein synthesis in synovial fluid.Purpose: To find the effectiveness of Low Level Laser Therapy and Pulsed Ultrasound combined with exercise forosteoarthritis of knee.Materials and Methods: Total of 60 participants were selected from ACIAN Ortho clinic. According to inclusionand exclusion criteria, the participants were explained about the treatment safety and written consent wasobtained. The participating subjects were divided into two groups, Low Level Laser Therapy with exercise groupand Pulsed Ultrasound with exercise group. All the subjects underwent pretest measurement with ROM andWOMAC at the beginning of the treatment. Study period : November 2022 to April 2023.Results: Statistical analysis of data showed significant differences not only in the Ultrasound group but also in LowLevel Laser Therapy. The Low Level Laser Therapy Group were significantly higher than the Pulsed Ultrasoundgroup, with a p value of &lt;0.0001Conclusion: Low Level Laser Therapy is more effective than Pulsed Ultrasound for osteoarthritis of knee.

Effectiveness of Low-Level Laser Therapy and Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound in Sensory Recovery in Experimentally Induced Peripheral Nerve Injury Rat Model

Background: Peripheral nerve injuries are known to cause significant functional impairment and diminishedsensory recovery, necessitating the exploration of effective therapeutic interventions.Purpose: The purpose of this research is to find the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and low intensitypulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) sensory recovery in an experimentally induced peripheral nerve injury rat model.Materials and Methods: In this study, 18 adult male wistar rats which are divided into LLLT (n = 6), LIPUS (n = 6),and control (n = 6) groups. All rats underwent a standardized procedure to induce peripheral nerve injury, whilethe control group received sham procedures. Hot-Plate test and Cold-Plate Tests were conducted for pre- andpost-operative evaluation of sensory recovery at POD 7, 14, 21 days.Results: The study’s findings revealed that LLLT exhibited significantly improved sensory recovery compared toLIPUS and control groups on POD 14 and 21, indicating its potential as a promising non-invasive intervention formanaging peripheral nerve injuries (P &lt;0.001).Conclusion: The study recommends that LLLT is more effective when compared with LIPUS in promoting sensoryrecovery and enhancing in a rat model of peripheral nerve injury. Positive outcomes indicate LLLT’s potential asa promising intervention for managing peripheral nerve injuries.

Effectiveness of Low Level Laser Therapy and Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound on Neuropathic Pain among the Experimentally Induced Peripheral Nerve Injury in Rat Model

Background: Peripheral nerve injury creates an impact on the inflammatory process, leading to an elevation inHypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha levels, which contributes to the development and progression of neuropathicpain. An innovative approach to alleviating neuropathic pain involves targeting inflammation.Purpose: This study aims to compare the effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) and Low-Intensity PulsedUltrasound (LIPUS) on neuropathic pain among the experimentally induced peripheral nerve injury in rat model.Methods: Rats with induced sciatic nerve crush injury were randomly divided into three groups: control, LIPUStreatment, and LLLT treatment. Mechanical paw withdrawal threshold analysis was performed before the injuryand from POD 2nd, 7th, 14th, and 21st to assess effectiveness of the treatment.Result: Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) group showing statistically greater improvement on POD 14 and 21compared to both the LIPUS group and the control group in terms of paw withdrawal threshold measurementsamong rats with crush-induced neuropathic pain (P &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: This study found that the use of LLLT has a beneficial effect in the management of neuropathic painand control of analgesia compared to LIPUS by inhibiting the upregulation of HIF-1α synthesis during ischemia,hypoxia, and inflammation. However further studies are recommended to analyze long term results in largersample to control neuropathic pain.

The Efficacy of Low-Level Laser Therapy and Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound on Functional Recovery among Experimentally Induced Peripheral Nerve Injury in Wistar Rats

Background: A variety of etiological factors that lead to peripheral nerve injury include crushing, traction, longfractures in bones, cutting injuries, entrapment neuropathies, infection, inflammation, and tumours of varyingdegrees. LIPUS has a variety of biological effects on tissues, including speeding up the regeneration of soft tissues,and lowering inflammatory reactions. In LLLT, low-level laser light with a wavelength of 808 nm is employed totrigger a biological reaction.Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the functional recovery of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) andlow-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) treating the sciatic nerve in rats.Methods: Using simple random sampling method and the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 18 rats in total werechosen. A mechanical crush will be performed for 30 seconds using haemostatic forceps. The study’s rats weredivided into 3 groups at random: Group A received ultrasound for 21 days; Group B received laser for 21 days;and Group C received no treatment. The toe spread assay was used to assess functional recovery 3 weeks aftersurgery. Result: All three groups are statistically significant (p&lt;0.005) when analysed using one-way ANOVAduring intervention period (7th, 24th, 21st day) but LLLT &amp; UST has shown better improvement in their functionalindex than the control group.Conclusion: According to the study’s findings, LLLT significantly outperforms LIPUS in improving the functionalrecovery of an experimentally induced rat model.

Comparison of Low Level Laser Therapy with Cryostretch and Ultrasound Therapy with Cryostretch among Individuals with Upper Trapizitis

Background: One of two important superficial muscles, the trapezius extends laterally to the scapular spine andlongitudinally from the occipital bone to the lower thoracic vertebrae.Scapulae movement and arm support aretwo of its roles.Purpose: To determine and compare the effect of low level laser therapy with cryostretch and ultrasound therapywith cryostretch in upper trapizitis patient.Materials and Methods: A total of 322 subjects were selected randomly based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.Written informed consent obtained from the participants who met a pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria.History of pain was collected from the patient. In this study, the samples were randomly divided into two groupsand group A had a low level laser therapy with cryostretch and group B had a ultrasound therapy with cryostretch.Treatment was administered for weeks three times a week.Results: The statistical analysis of the data using paired and unpaired t-tests revealed a substantial improvementin the participants who received cryostretch ultrasound therapy.Conclusion: The study concluded that ultrasound therapy with cryostretch was more effective in reducing thepain when compared to low level laser therapy with cryostretch in patient with upper trapizitis.

Efficacy of Therapeutic Ultrasound and Therapeutic Laser Along with Myofascial Release in Reducing Pain and Improving Hand Grip for People with Lateral Epicondylitis

Background: Lateral epicondylitis is a common overuse injury that affects the tendons on the outer side of theelbow. It results from repetitive gripping or wrist extension activities, leading to microtrauma and subsequentinflammation. The condition primarily manifests as pain and reduced grip strength, often affecting dailyactivities and occupational performance. However, limited research directly compares the effectiveness of theseinterventions for lateral epicondylitis.Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of therapeutic ultrasound and therapeutic laser,in conjunction with myofascial trigger release, in reducing pain and improving handgrip strength in individualswith lateral epicondylitis.Methods: Patients willing to participate in the study were screened for inclusion and exclusion criteria taken fromGet well soon physio rehabilitation centre. The total number of subjects (40) are divided into 20 subjects for theexperimental group (Group A), they are given therapeutic ultrasound along with myofascial release . The controlgroup (Group B) consisting of 20 subjects, are low level therapeutic laser along with myofascial release, NPRS andHandheld dynamometer are used as outcomes measure. The entire process was conducted from November 2022to March 2023.Results: The results revealed significant pain reduction and greater improvements in handgrip strength for thetherapeutic laser group compared to the therapeutic ultrasound group. This study showed that the p value isstatistically significant &lt;0.0001.Conclusion: This study concluded that therapeutic laser, when combined with myofascial trigger release,demonstrated superior effectiveness compared to therapeutic ultrasound in the management of lateral epicondylitis.

Effectiveness of Mckenzie Exercises Versus Neural Flossing Technique in Patients with Lumbar Radiculopathy

Background: Lumbar radiculopathy is a term used to describe a range of symptoms that includes pain, tingling,numbness, and weakness that spreads along the pathway of the sciatic nerve. This condition can arise when any ofthe five sciatic spinal nerve roots become compressed or irritated, affecting one or both lower limbs.Purpose: The study is to compare the effectiveness of McKenzie exercises and the neural flossing technique inmanaging lumbar radiculopathy in patients.Methodology: The study recruited 40 participants with lumbar radiculopathy, randomly allocating them to GroupA (McKenzie exercises along with laser therapy) and Group B (neural flossing with low-level laser therapy). Themodified Oswestry Disability Index and Numeric Pain Rating Scale were used to assess outcomes.Results: The results showed that the neural flossing technique (Group B) demonstrated statistically significantimprovements in reducing pain and improving function compared to the McKenzie exercises (Group A) posttreatment.Group B had significantly lower NPRS scores (p &lt; 0.0001) and a higher improvement in MODI scorescompared to Group A.Conclusion: In this study, the neural flossing technique (Group B) showed superior outcomes in managing lumbarradiculopathy compared to McKenzie exercises (Group A). Group B exhibited significantly lower pain levels andgreater improvement in functional disability. These findings suggest that the neural flossing technique may be amore effective treatment option for patients with lumbar radiculopathy.

Effectiveness of low-level Laser Therapy and Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound on Motor Recovery among Experimentally Induced Peripheral Nerve Injury in Wistar Rats

Background: Damage or disease can result in peripheral nerve injury, which is a frequent clinical issue. It frequentlyrenders a person disabled by causing severe sensory loss and motor deficiencies along with pain, tingling, burningand other nagging sensations. A form of ultrasound called Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, which uses far lessenergy than normal ultrasound (3 W/cm2). A biological reaction is triggered by low-level laser light having awavelength of 808nm and a power range of 1-1000 mW.Purpose: The Study is to find out the effect of low-level laser therapy and low intensity pulsed ultrasound onmotor recovery among experimentally induced peripheral nerve injury in Wistar rats.Methods: Eighteen rats were chosen in total, skin hair was removed to expose the sciatic nerve area, and the crushinjury was done by hemostatic forceps for 30 seconds, the group 1 is ultrasound, group 2 is laser and group 3 iscontrol group. The Step Length Ratio (SLR) was used as an outcome measure to assess motor recovery.Result: All three groups are statistically significant (p&lt;0.001) was analysed using one-way ANOVA duringintervention period (7th, 24th, 21st day) but LLLT &amp; UST has shown better improvement in their functional indexthan the control group.Conclusion: According to the results, LLLT has more impact in motor recovery than LIPU also each treatment hassubstantial impact on accelerating nerve regeneration and shortening the recovery time.

Parkinson's Disease and Photobiomodulation: Potential for Treatment.

Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease and is increasing in incidence. The combination of motor and non-motor symptoms makes this a devastating disease for people with Parkinson's disease and their care givers. Parkinson's disease is characterised by mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal death in the substantia nigra, a reduction in dopamine, accumulation of α-synuclein aggregates and neuroinflammation. The microbiome-gut-brain axis is also important in Parkinson's disease, involved in the spread of inflammation and aggregated α-synuclein. The mainstay of Parkinson's disease treatment is dopamine replacement therapy, which can reduce some of the motor signs. There is a need for additional treatment options to supplement available medications. Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a form of light therapy that has been shown to have multiple clinical benefits due to its enhancement of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and the subsequent increase in mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production. PBM also modulates cellular signalling and has been shown to reduce inflammation. Clinically, PBM has been used for decades to improve wound healing, treat pain, reduce swelling and heal deep tissues. Pre-clinical experiments have indicated that PBM has the potential to improve the clinical signs of Parkinson's disease and to provide neuroprotection. This effect is seen whether the PBM is directed to the head of the animal or to other parts of the body (remotely). A small number of clinical trials has given weight to the possibility that using PBM can improve both motor and non-motor clinical signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease and may potentially slow its progression.

Low-level laser therapy alleviates periodontal age-related inflammation in diabetic mice via the GLUT1/mTOR pathway.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic age-related disease that was recently found as a secondary aging pattern regulated by the senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The purpose of this study is to detect the potential efficacy and the specific mechanisms of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) healing of age-related inflammation (known as inflammaging) in diabetic periodontitis. Diabetic periodontitis (DP) mice were established by intraperitoneal streptozotocin (STZ) injection and oral P. gingivalis inoculation. Low-level laser irradiation (810nm, 0.1W, 398mW/cm2, 4J/cm2, 10s) was applied locally around the periodontal lesions every 3days for 2 consecutive weeks. Micro-CT and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stain was analyzed for periodontal soft tissue and alveolar bone. Western blots, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate the protein expression changes on SASP and GLUT1/mTOR pathway. The expression of aging-related factors and SASP including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 were reduced in periodontal tissue of diabetic mice. The inhibitory effect of LLLT on GLUT1/mTOR pathway was observed by detecting the related factors mTOR, p-mTOR, GLUT1, and PKM2. COX, an intracytoplasmic photoreceptor, is a key component of the anti-inflammatory effects of LLLT. After LLLT treatment a significant increase in COX was observed in macrophages in the periodontal lesion. Our findings suggest that LLLT may regulate chronic low-grade inflammation by modulating the GLUT1/mTOR senescence-related pathway, thereby offering a potential treatment for diabetic periodontal diseases.