Phonological Perspective Research Articles

THE PHONOLOGICAL AND PHONETIC STUDY OF EMPHATIC PITCH RANGE BY CHINESE EFL LEARNERS

In producing second language (L2) speech, L2 learners tend to deviate from its norms, resulting in foreign-accented speech. Pitch range plays a crucial role in the perception of foreign-accented speech. This study aims to investigate the production of emphatic pitch range in English by Chinese Learners of English as a foreign language (EFL) from both the phonological and phonetic perspectives. There were seven native English speakers and fourteen Chinese EFL learners participating in this study. They were required to read the second part of eighteen dialogue pairs loudly. Through linguistic measures of the recordings, the study found significant differences in three pitch range types between the native English speakers and the learners in the phonological perspective, which might be influenced by Chinese prosody. However, no significant differences were found in the phonetic perspective, which might be impacted by the learners’ native language. In addition, English proficiency did not influence the learners’ performance in the phonological and phonetic perspectives. This may be attributed to the homogeneity among the learners and the effect of their native language. Lastly, focus position significantly influenced the phonological performance of the learners in five pitch range types, which may be explained by multiple factors. However, the effect of focus position on the learners’ phonetic performance was limited to two pitch range types, which may be explained by the principle of least effort.

The process of vowel harmony in Kurdish language in the framework of Autosegmental phonology

This study discusses the vowels harmony in Kurdish language. Vowel harmony like assimilation process is a very common process in most languages of the world. This process is studied by most phonological theories, such as generative phonology, autosegmental phonology as well as optimality theory. We examine this process from the perspective of autosegmental phonology in this paper. Therefore, we can say that the aim of this study is to investigate the process of vowel harmony in Kurdish language from the perspective of autosegmental phonology. The methodology of this study is to analyze the content of the articles and collect the data with appropriate samples. Autosegmental theory is one of the theories in the field of phonology and was first emerged by Goldsmith as an independent field of generative phonology. In 1976, along with the study of rhyme languages, he introduced autosegmental phonology and then it was published in tonal languages. This theory is actually a field or part of production phonology.

Phonological substitution patterns in Yemeni Ibbi Arabic child speech: a markedness and natural phonology perspective

Phonological substitution patterns in Yemeni Ibbi Arabic child speech: a markedness and natural phonology perspective

Common Pronunciation Errors among Vietnamese Learners of English from Phonological Perspectives

This study investigates the phonological challenges encountered by Vietnamese learners of English and explores the strategies employed to address these challenges. A mixed-methods approach was employed, comprising a quantitative survey administered to 152 participants and semi-structured interviews conducted with a subset of 7 participants. Quantitative analysis of survey data revealed perceived difficulty levels for various phonological aspects of English pronunciation, with reconciling spelling and pronunciation emerging as the most challenging aspect. Qualitative interviews provided deeper insights into learners' experiences, highlighting additional phonological challenges such as distinguishing between vowel sounds and mastering intonation patterns. Participants reported employing a range of strategies, including regular practice, utilization of resources, and participation in interactive learning experiences, to address pronunciation difficulties. The implications of this research are twofold. Firstly, it contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the complexities surrounding English pronunciation learning among Vietnamese learners. Secondly, the identified strategies offer valuable insights for language teaching and support. Educators can tailor their teaching approaches to address the specific phonological challenges highlighted in this study, fostering more effective English pronunciation acquisition among Vietnamese learners. Additionally, the findings underscore the importance of providing diverse learning resources and opportunities for interactive practice to enhance pronunciation skills. These implications not only enrich our understanding of language acquisition processes but also have practical implications for educators, curriculum developers, and language learners alike.

The Characteristics of Korean Artists in Pronouncing English Words on Korean Reality Shows: A Generative Phonology Perspective

The Characteristics of Korean Artists in Pronouncing English Words on Korean Reality Shows: A Generative Phonology Perspective

TAHLILUL AKHTHA’ FI MAHAROTI AL-KALAM BI AL-LUGHAH AL-ARABIYAH LITHULLABI MA’HADI SIRAJU AL-THALIBIN AL-ISLAMI

This research is motivated by the issues related to the low ability of students in pronouncing letters, words, or sentences in Arabic, especially for beginner learners, to prevent future errors that may hinder the learning process. This study aims to analyze students' errors in reading Arabic texts from a phonological perspective. It is a qualitative research with a descriptive research design. The results of this research are as follows. Firstly, the phonological error forms in Arabic speaking skills among students of the Siraaj Al-Thalibin Islamic boarding school include errors in throat consonant groups (?????) and tongue groups (??????); vowel errors such as vowel deletion, vowel substitution, and long-short vowel errors; diphthong errors; double consonant errors (????); and assimilation errors (??). Secondly, the factors causing errors in Arabic language speaking skills include linguistic and non-linguistic factors. Non-linguistic factors such as low interest and motivation in language learning, and lack of application of the Arabic language.

Research on College English Intonation Teaching from the Perspective of Prosodic Phonology

Research on College English Intonation Teaching from the Perspective of Prosodic Phonology

The Role of Prosodic Features in Conversational Interaction : Hard Talk a Case Study

This study aims to look into the relationships between prosodic features from phonological perspective and interactional relationships and sequence organization from conversation analysis (CA) view. There are specific prosodic cues that speakers employ to signal to one another when it is their turn to talk in any speech situation. These cues serve as signs to let other people know when it is the speaker's turn to talk. It is important to demonstrate that some prosodic patterns indicate the end or continuation of a turn. Prosodic orientation, such as intonation and tone patterns, are hypothesized to reveal information about participants' matching and non-matching of a prior turn. The consistent use of the same pitch height indicates that there is agreement among the participants on a specific situation. PRAAT, a computer program is used for doing acoustic analysis to conduct the prosodic analysis following Ladefoged’s model. It is supposed that when the speaker makes a low pitch, he is no more interested in the topic raised or no more excited, but when there is a high pitch that means there is more to be added and some significant issues can be shown However, prosodic orientation is obviously used in political interviews in a manner similar to that of ordinary speech. As well as Political interviews commonly employ pauses, interrupted speech, and reasoning, some of which show a particular orientation to the preceding turns.

The Role of Prosodic Features in Conversational Interaction : Hard Talk a Case Study

This study aims to look into the relationships between prosodic features from phonological perspective and interactional relationships and sequence organization from conversation analysis (CA) view. There are specific prosodic cues that speakers employ to signal to one another when it is their turn to talk in any speech situation. These cues serve as signs to let other people know when it is the speaker's turn to talk. It is important to demonstrate that some prosodic patterns indicate the end or continuation of a turn. Prosodic orientation, such as intonation and tone patterns, are hypothesized to reveal information about participants' matching and non-matching of a prior turn. The consistent use of the same pitch height indicates that there is agreement among the participants on a specific situation. PRAAT, a computer program is used for doing acoustic analysis to conduct the prosodic analysis following Ladefoged’s model. It is supposed that when the speaker makes a low pitch, he is no more interested in the topic raised or no more excited, but when there is a high pitch that means there is more to be added and some significant issues can be shown However, prosodic orientation is obviously used in political interviews in a manner similar to that of ordinary speech. As well as Political interviews commonly employ pauses, interrupted speech, and reasoning, some of which show a particular orientation to the preceding turns

A segmental analysis of the Japanese negation verb variation: A phonological perspective

Within the field of Japanese linguistics, the topics on segmental analysis of verb variation have rarely been studied from the phonological perspective. On the other hand, verb modifications have been frequently observed to occur in oral communication. This study addresses a segmental analysis within the variation of Japanese negation verb from the phonological standpoint. It employed a qualitative descriptive approach with the data gathered from the Japanese animated series Orange (Hamasaki Nakayama, 2016). Excerpts of the data were in the form of conversation fragments, which were analyzed using the articulatory phonetic identity technique. The analysis resulted in five found variations: -nai, -nnai, -nee, -nnee, and -ai deletion. The presence of sounds in the phonological environment caused phonological variation, which affected the internal structure of the verb. As a result, the phonological rules are applied to showcase the phonological process in the verb. It was also found that segmental processing does not necessarily reduce the amount of mora in verbs. Segmental processes, on the other hand, can change the mora structure without reducing the mora. Additionally, the current study shows vowel coalescence associated with the male speech in Japanese.

Phonological Inclusion, and Exclusion, Regarding South African English in the Online OED

This article approaches the subject of inclusivity and diversity from a phonological perspective, as applied to the online Oxford English Dictionary (OED). Specifically, the pronunciation guide within the OED entry for South African English (SAE) is investigated. On the one hand, that the OED provides a list of World Englishes is a step forward in terms of diversity, avoiding the linguistic hegemony of British and American English, for example. On the other hand, the pronunciation guide for SAE relies on a rather singular variety — that reflective of white South Africans. Moreover, the OED pronunciation guides for all varieties of English reflect "educated urban speakers of standard English". Therefore, the pronunciation guide is exclusive regarding race and class, and thus additional varieties of SAE are not represented. As such, while the OED, as a trusted source, has made efforts to address linguistic diversity, more work needs to be done in this area. Keywords: pronunciation, accent, White South African English, great trichotomy, exclusivity, language attitudes

Buddhism Initial Dissemination in China: a study of the cross-cultural communication strategies

This study examines the versions of Buddhism Initial Dissemination in China. Chinese and foreign scholars focused on the time, path and truth or fiction of this issue from the perspective of documentation, history and phonology. As a unique model of foreign religious culture localization, the version research of Buddhism Initial Dissemination in China was ignored. According to this study, the version development of the topic, as communication textual content, is expressive of the gradual maturity and evolution of communication strategies in the process of Buddhism Chinization, localization in China. The universal significance of this study is that the discrimination of Buddhism communication strategies provides reference and guidance for Intercultural Communication Strategy.

Afazia în contextul multilingv: Abordare din perspectivă psiholingvistică

To begin with, the first sign depicted on people with aphasia is a language disorder, acquired after a damage to the central nervous. The existing studies in this area explain the roots of aphasia throughout a medical and phonological perspective, while the psycholinguistic approach is considerably more narrowed. Taking into consideration the increasing number of people who are speaking more than one language and who are at risk of developing a medical condition that can lead to aphasia and other associated communication deficiencies, it is critical for speech-language pathologists to assess the situation from different angles, particularly to incorporate medical, linguistic and psycholinguistic viewpoints. The aim of this article is emphasizing the main approaches which are being addressed in explanation of language production and understanding how bilingual persons are affected by aphasia, whereas a complex and multilingual approach is crucial to be taken into consideration during the intervention.

Phonological features of Caijia that are notable from a diachronic perspective

Abstract This study sets out several phonological features in Caijia that are notable from a diachronic point of view. The Caijia language is an endangered language spoken in northwestern Guìzhōu, China. It was first formally documented in the early 1980s and is generally viewed as a Sinitic language. Some aspects of Caijia phonology are noteworthy from the perspective of historical phonology. There exist features which cannot be accounted for in terms of Middle Chinese (MC), such as the retention of the contrast between Old Chinese (OC) T-type and L-type onsets in words with d- or dr- in Middle Chinese. Moreover, Caijia also demonstrates features which are observed or preserved in Middle Chinese, but absent in mainstream modern Sinitic varieties, including the retention of bilabial stops in words with initials Fēi/Fū/Fèng. This study will also explore the implications certain phonological features have for the classification of Caijia in the Sinitic clade and examine the relationship between Caijia and Bai.

Protracted phonological development of a Portuguese six-year-old from the perspective of nonlinear phonology

ABSTRACT 1 1 is also available in European Portuguese. As a contribution to a special issue with individual profiles in protracted phonological development (PPD), we present a European Portuguese-speaking six-year-old, “Vicente”. By age six years, Portuguese-learning children have generally mastered most of the phonology. However, Vicente showed severe persisting PPD, which was negatively impacting his general socialisation. Although word length and stress often matched the adult targets as did many consonants and vowels, consonants were restricted in distribution and sequences. Consonant clusters showed a particularly high proportion of reduction. A constraints-based nonlinear phonological analysis led to a proposed intervention plan to address needs across the phonological hierarchy in the context of his greater need for enhanced socialisation: starting with the more attainable new word positions and sequences for consonants in his inventory, before addressing a major need for new word structure (clusters) and minor needs for segmental development (additional coronals).

Complexity and sequence constraints in a Granada Spanish-speaking four-year-old with protracted phonological development

ABSTRACT This article describes the phonology of a Granada Spanish-speaking 4-year-old boy with Protracted Phonological Development (PPD) from the perspective of constraint-based nonlinear phonology. Although he had acquired basic word structure and a near-complete repertoire of vowels and consonants, he had difficulties producing more complex word structures (multisyllabic words, clusters, diphthongs) and producing sequences of consonant manner and place features across vowels. The analysis outlines his strengths and needs in phonological development, and proposes an intervention plan to address constraints on complexity and sequences.

Consonant Epenthesis in Greek Child Speech: A Phonological Perspective

In this paper a less well-studied process is discussed, namely, segmental insertion in child language. The main question of the study is why children use consonant epenthesis in their speech. Our assumptions are based on picture naming and spontaneous speech collected from four monolingual Greek-speaking children varying in age from 1;6.26 to 2;10.9. Their data reveal that it is a systematic process which helps them simplify their speech by forming unmarked structures (Oller, 1974). The position of the epenthetic segment as well as its quality are also examined. We observe that an epenthetic consonant is inserted at the left or right edge of the word in order for an unmarked CV syllable to emerge. In a few cases with cluster simplification, a consonant is inserted to the syllable that does not contain the cluster in order to maintain in number all the segments of the adult’s form. Further, the epenthetic segment, which arises in one of the two edges of the word, constitutes a full copy of a consonant located at the other edge. This interaction seems to support the view that edgemost syllables are psycholinguistically prominent positions (e.g., Pater, 1997, Smith, 2002) and children tend to pay more attention to them (Slobin, 1973). For the analysis of children’s tokens, Optimality Theory is adopted (Prince & Smolensky, 1993) and how this model can account for all the properties presented in consonant epenthesis is explained.

KEINDAHAN BUNYI AL-QUR’AN

This study presents an analysis of the application of phonological studies to the beauty of the sound contained in surah al-Fatihah. The focus of this research is on the beauty, harmonization, and musicalization of the Qur'an surah al-Fatihah. Surah al-Fatihah was chosen because it has a unique and interesting language style to be discussed from a phonological perspective. This study uses the theory of phonology, rhythmic and musicality of the Qur'an, as well as the theory of the beauty of sound. This study aims to identify the beauty of the sound of the Qur'an surah al-Fatihah and find out how the process of its formation. The results of this study are the beauty of the sound of Surah al-Fatihah in the form of a combination of vowels and consonants, long and short vowels, consonants, final sound harmony, and the structure of word choice. With the harmonization in the form of harmony of long and short vowel patterns, consonants, punctuation marks, proximity of makhraj, and also the suitability of the pattern of the sound of verse one with the verse will be the reason how the beauty of the sound is formed. The sound of the Qur'an can be said to be beautiful because it is expressed properly and correctly in accordance with the rules of how to read the Qur'an.

The CARE approach to incorporating undergraduate research in the phonetics/phonology classroom

We introduce a pedagogical initiative, which we call collaborative active learning research-based education (CARE), for incorporating authentic research into the undergraduate classroom. CARE is founded on a broad base of pedagogical scholarship, which we summarize. We propose that there are numerous benefits to engaging students in research at the undergraduate level in the phonetics/phonology classroom, provided that the integration of research is done in a pedagogically sound manner. We describe an initiative carried out in the Spring 2019 semester, in which students in combined phonetics/phonology classes carried out acoustic and ultrasound studies of vowel-to-vowel coarticulation while simultaneously investigating vowel harmony from a phonological perspective. We propose that the CARE approach to developing a course-based undergraduate research experience is one way to integrate laboratory phonology into the undergraduate curriculum.

표준 중국어 모음 체계의 음운학적 고찰

This study is about the Mandarin phonological vowel inventory. There are different opinions on how many vowels exist in Mandarin, since their standards are different according to approaches. All the surface representations are treated in phonetic approach, while phonological approach considers underlying representations as phonemes. This study focuses on the underlying representations of Mandarin vowel system, and is divided into 5 chapters. Chapter 1 is an introduction, and Chapter 2 is literature review. Researchers usually show 22 Mandarin consonants, but their suggestions on the number of Mandarin vowels are various. They show as few as 5 vowels and as many as 14 vowels. Usually researchers, who analyze with phonetic approach, suggest more vowels, while researchers, using phonological perspective, suggest fewer vowels. In Chapter 3, in order to state Mandarin speakers’ intuition, this study conducted a survey, which asked Mandarin speakers’ self-cognition on the several tricky vowels. Based on the results of the survey, this study suggests 8 Mandarin vowel phonemes such as /i/, /y/, /e/, /ɨ/, /a/, /u/, /ɤ/ and /o/ in Chapter 4. High mid vowel /ɨ/ appears as [ɿ], when it comes with [ts, tsʰ, s] in a syllable, and appears as [ʅ], when it comes with [tʂ, tʂʰ, ʂ]. Mid front vowel /e/ is realized as [ɛ] behind medial vowels, and mid back vowel /ɤ/ is realized as [ə] before nasal consonants. Low vowel /a/ has [+back] before [u] and [ŋ], which has [+back]. Thus, this study shows 12 Mandarin vowels such as [i], [y], [e], [ɛ], [ɿ], [ʅ], [ə], [a], [ɑ], [u], [ɤ], and [o] as surface representations, and also provides rational analyses on the allophones with phonological rules. Lastly, Chapter 5 is the conclusion.