Phoneme Addition Research Articles

Analisis Kesalahan Fonologi Membaca Teks Bahasa Arab Pada Siswi Kelas VII MTs Putri Ma’arif Ponorogo

This study aims to describe the forms of phonological errors, phonological error factors, and solutions to phonological errors in reading Arabic texts in class VII students of MTs Putri Ma'arif Ponorogo. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study type of research. Methods of data collection is done by using the method of observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out by going through the stages of data reduction, data display, and data verification or drawing conclusions. Data validity test was carried out using the triangulation method. The results of this study indicate that (1) the form of phonological errors in reading Arabic texts is in the form of phoneme changes, phoneme subtraction, and phoneme addition. (2) the factors that cause phonological errors are the background of the students before entering MTs, the lack of interest in learning Arabic, the lack of concentration of students when learning takes place in class, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, and whether or not the students often read the Al-Qur'an at home. (3) the solution given by the teacher to deal with phonological errors is to provide more material to children who are lacking in mastering reading skills, prepare facilities and infrastructure that have not been fulfilled as learning support, provide motivation about the importance of learning Arabic, and emphasize learning on their own at school House.

ANALISIS KESALAHAN FONOLOGI PADA FILM BAHASA SANTRI “INTHIQ RASMIYYATAN” DAN RELEVANSINYA TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB

<p style="text-align: justify;"><em>This research aims to find out the various forms of phonological errors that occur in the Arabic language film entitled Inthiq Rasmiyyatan and the causes of these phonological errors. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with data obtained from the conversations of the cast of the santri language film Inthiq Rasmiyyatan. This research uses data collection techniques in the form of listening and recording techniques. Then, the data that has been obtained is analyzed using the error analysis technique or correct analysis. The results of this study reveal that 3 types of phonological errors occur in the conversations of the cast of the film, including phoneme replacement, phoneme reduction, and phoneme addition. The phonological errors occur due to the presence of Arabic phonemes that are almost similar or the influence of first language acquisition. The results of this study can be used as a reference for teachers in conducting learning activities and for Arabic learners in learning and using the language. This is done so that teachers and learners of Arabic can pay more attention to the pattern of the release of language sounds in words, phrases, and clauses. Thus, teachers and learners can pronounce each phoneme correctly in speaking Arabic daily.</em></p>

Exploring auditory recognition: Native Japanese listeners' perception of frequent and infrequent English words in noise with varied phonological neighborhood densities

Native Japanese listeners identified English words embedded in noise (SNR + 6dB) produced by native American English and Japanese speakers. The identical word list used in our previous study (Nozawa and Wayland 2023) was employed. Listeners responded by typing the words they heard. The findings revealed no discernible impacts of phonological neighborhood density, possibly due to the small vocabulary size limiting competition from other words. However, frequent words exhibited greater precision in recognition compared to infrequent words. Despite the introduction of noise, the overall accuracy of responses did not experience a substantial impact. Nevertheless, specific words like “class” and “club,” initially nearly perfect in accuracy without noise, dropped to 0% accuracy. Most errors included phoneme substitution rather than phoneme addition or deletion, and in / CVC/ words, the onset consonant was identified substantially better than the vowel and the coda consonant. Initial consonant clusters, such as /br/, / kl/, and /pl/, were frequently perceived as /l/ or /r/, leading to the initial stops or fricatives being missed. Errors encompassed the substitution of phonemes with others that are not typically perceptually assimilated into the same native language (L1) categories, which would not be revealed through predefined multiple-choice identification or discrimination tasks.

INTERFERENSI BAHASA MELAYU MALAYSIA DALAM BERBAHASA INDONESIA MANTAN TKI DI DUSUN TANAH EJA KABUPATEN BULUKUMBA

This study aims to: (1) describe the phonological interference form of speech of former migrant workers in Tanah Eja Hamlet, Bulukumba Regency; and (2) describe the form of semantic interference of former migrant workers' speech in Tanah Eja hamlet, Bulukumba Regency. This type of research is qualitative research. This research was conducted in Tanah Eja hamlet, Bulukumba Regency, South Sulawesi. The focus of this research and the limitations of this research include tuturain kaita that experience interference, then studied in the semaintic category that is only related to lexical meaning. As for the phonological category, three types of phonological interference will be focused, namely phonological interference, phoneme changes, phoneme addition, and phoneme reduction / removal interference. The source of this research data was obtained by dairi haisil waiwaincairai laingsung maintain TKI in Tainaih Ejai Kaibupaiten Bulukumba hamlet. Data collection techniques through interview techniques, voice recording techniques, listening techniques and recording techniques. The research instrument consists of the main instrument is the researcher himself and supporting instruments include voice recorders, respondent biodata questionnaires, and interference data tables.The results revealed that from the results of direct interview research 15 respondents contained a total of 35 words phonological interference. The most abundant and frequent data is the category of changes in vowel phonemes in the middle of words. In addition, respondents were shown to experience semantic interference by obtaining 15 forms of conversation and 28 types of words that experienced interference, this conversation was quoted during structured and semi-structured interviews of former migrant workers in Tanah Eja hamlet.

Proses Morfofonemik pada Bahasa Jawa Kabupaten Bengkalis

This research discusses morphophonemic phenomena in the Javanese language in Bengkalis with a focus on sound changes that occur at the morpheme level. Morphophonemics, as a linguistic study that explores the relationship between morphemes (minimal meaning units) and phonemes (minimal sound units), is a theoretical basis for describing morphemic sound changes in Javanese. This study used a descriptive qualitative method. Research data was obtained from the results of Javanese speech by speakers. Research data was obtained from the results of data collection techniques using the listen, speak, note method. The data analysis technique is carried out through the following stages: 1) observing research data; 2) Transcription of research data; 3) Translating research data; 4) Classifying research data; 5) Analyzing changes in nasal meaning according to theory; 6) Draw conclusions from the research results. The research results show that the Javanese language on the island of Bengkalis experiences several morphophonemic phenomena, including changes in phonemes, addition of phonemes, and deletion of sounds at the morpheme level. If the prefix (N-) meets the phoneme /p/ it will change to /m/. Likewise with the prefixes (Sa-) and (Pa-), if they meet the initial phoneme of a vowel, the phoneme /a/ will disappear. Concrete examples are given to illustrate sound changes that occur in various morphemic contexts.

The Changing of ‘Sor Singgih Basa’ in Balinese Root Based on the Internal Modification: Morpho-Phonology Study

This research investigates the relationship between phonology and morphology in influencing the changing Balinese speech level, namely ‘singgih’ (high) and ‘sor’ (low). The analysis focuses on utilizing the internal modification of a formal morphological element (root) in Balinese that creates a pattern of alternation apophony for vowel and consonant mutation, which lead to the transformation of speech level. Qualitative data analysis, including internal structure diagrams and observation, is used to analyze the data. There are 54 words found in the data findings using the documentation method from Balinese dictionary. The analysis results are (1) the alternate vowels and the mutation of consonant distinguished the level of the word without changing the meaning; (2) most of the alternation vowels change from [+low, +back] vowel into [+high] vowel, namely umlaut process; (3) the consonant mutation corresponds with the phonological sets of the consonant in initial position or phoneme addition in the middle position. Thus, this study has enriched and enlarged the linguistics documentation for the umlaut and ablaut existence in the Austronesian language.

A Comparative Linguistic Study on Ambai, Ansus, Menawi and Biak Languages in Papua

This study is historical-comparative linguistic research of the languages of indigenous peoples in Saireri Bay, Papua province, namely the Ambai, Ansus, Menawi, and Biak languages. These languages are classified as non-Austronesian languages (SIL, 2000) and are hypothesized to be closely related. This study aims to find accurate evidence to reveal the genetic relationship level between these four languages. The study's data consisted of the Swadesh list's 200 basic words. The method applied in this study is a comparative method, supported by observation, interview, and documentation techniques. Based on the lexicostatistics technique, it was found that the quantitative evidence indicated that the highest related cognates reach 47% and the lower-level reach 38%, based on the lexicostatistics from the Swedish’s 200 basic vocabularies. The percentage of the related vocabulary is higher than in the other languages in the regency. The qualitative evidence found is the exclusive shared phonological and lexical innovation, strengthening the quantitative evidence. The innovation that phoneme PAAMB *j turns into/z/and/d/, *h turns into/O/on Biak. Besides that, metathesis, omission, and phoneme addition. In addition, after the reconstruction, the phoneme system of Proto-language Ansus-Ambai-Menawi and Biak (PAAMB) with segmental phonemes is five vowels and 15 consonant phonemes. The vowels of PAAMB are *i, *e, *a, *o, and *u, which have complete distribution, and the consonants that are (1) consonants that have complete distribution *p, *m, *h, (2) consonants that have distribution in the initial and middle of words *b, *w, *f, *t, *d, *n, *s *r, *j, *k, *g, *y, dan *h.

Waseda Boys’ Phonological Interference of Indonesian Food Names In Nihongo Mantappu Vlogs

Interference is a mistake generally made by second language learners because they are influenced by their first language ability. Meanwhile, phonological interference is a mistake that occurs at the sound level due to changes in phonemes influenced by knowledge of the sound system in the first language. This paper discusses the errors of second language learners in understanding the sound changes that occur in the language they are learning. This study aims to describe the forms and factors that cause phonological interference committed by “Tes Wasedaboys Tulis Nama Makanan Indonesia! Ngakak Banget!”. The method used in the research is descriptive qualitative method with the theory referring to Weinrich's interference theory (1953). The data collection method used is the listening method with free listening technique. Based on the analysis that has been done, the form of phonological interference that occurs in the YouTube video on the Nihongo Mantappu channel entitled “Tes Wasedaboys Tulis Nama Makanan Indonesia! Ngakak Banget!” is divided into 2 classifications, namely 9 data of vowel phoneme interference and 8 data of consonant phoneme interference. Each interference is divided based on the addition of phonemes as much as 3 data, based on phoneme changes as much as 7 data, and based on phoneme reduction as much as 7 data. The factors that cause phonological interference are (1) bilingualism of speech participants which amounted to 3 data, (2) differences in vowel sounds and writing methods which amounted to 11 data, (3) carrying the mother tongue which amounted to 3 data.

BENTUK PERUBAHAN FONOLOGIS DALAM BERKOMUNIKASI VIA WHATSAPP MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MAKASSAR

Forms of Phonological Changes in Communicating Via Whatsapp Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar Students. This study aims to describe the form of phoneme changes, addition of phonemes, and omission of phonemes for students of the Muhammadiyah University of Makassar, especially the 2017 Indonesian Language and Literature Education Study Program when communicating via WhatsApp. This research is descriptive qualitative. The results showed that the form of phonological changes that occurred included: phoneme changes (a) vowel phoneme /ai/ to /e/. (b) the phoneme /u/ becomes /o/. Error adding phonemes (a) adding phonemes /g/.(b) addition of the phoneme /t/. (c) addition of the phoneme /h/. Phoneme omission error (a) omission of phoneme /h/. (b) omission of the vowel phoneme /a/.

MANDARIN INTERFERENCE IN INDONESIAN LANGUAGE OF CHINESE COMMUNITY IN MAKASSAR CITY

Interference is a language phenomenon that often occurs in Indonesian Languagelingual societies. This study reveals the Mandarin language interference that occurs in Indonesian speech in the Chinese community of Makassar City. This study concerns the main problem, namely how the form of interference that occurs in the Chinese community of Makassar City. The analyzed interference includes phonological, morphological, and syntactic interference. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Data collection was done by direct observation, interviews, notes, and documentation. The presentation of the data results is done by collecting data, reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study found that the phonological interference includes the addition of phonemes, changes in phonemes, and the release of phonemes. Likewise, there are two forms of morphological interference, namely lexical interference and reduplication. And syntactic interference occurs in the SKPO sentence structure pattern, the SKP sentence structure pattern (adverb of place), the SKP sentence structure pattern (adverb of time), and the question sentence pattern.

Language Change and Social Context in Mass and Social Media

Wardhaugh in Chaer and Agustina distinguishes two types of language change: internal and external change. Internal changes occur from within the language itself, such as phonological, morphological, or syntactic changes. External changes occur due to outside influences, such as borrowing or absorption of vocabulary, the addition of phonemes from other languages and so on. The purpose of this research is (1) to analyse the language change that can be found in mass media and social media. (2) to analyse the social context that can be found in mass media and social media. The method used in this research is the qualitative method. The data was taken from Padang Express newspaper and Facebook. From the analysis there are so many languages change that can be found in mass and social media. Many people change the language when they used it in mass and social media.

Reading Predictors in Croatian

Phonological awareness (PA), rapid automatised naming (RAN) and working memory (WM) are considered to be the most important factors supporting reading development. However, their relative importance varies across orthographies and age. The goal of this study was to examine reading predictors in Croatian, a language with highly transparent orthography, after three years of formal reading instruction. The study included 80 participants (mean age: 10.07 years). Reading rate and accuracy were measured using lists of words and pseudowords, and PA was measured using phoneme deletion, phoneme addition and spoonerism tasks. RAN was measured using naming of colours, and WM was measured using the WM standardised measure of digit span (WISC-IV-HR) and pseudoword repetition. In order to find the best predictors of reading rate and accuracy for both words and pseudowords, three-stage hierarchical multiple regression was conducted. The results showed that in highly transparent language when reading is automatised, RAN is the most significant predictor of both reading rate and accuracy. Although this study did not show dissociation between the predictors supporting reading speed and reading accuracy, it confirmed the importance of PA as a suppressor variable for RAN in predicting pseudowords reading time.

A Case Study of Variety of Alay Language toward Shemale in Pucuk

This study aims to describe the vocabulary, sound changes and factors influence the use of the Alay language by shemale in Pucuk. This research was conducted in Pucuk with the subjects were shemale in Pucuk. Data showed 67 obtained Alay language vocabularies used by shemale in Pucuk. Vocabulary structure and sound changes in Alay language among shemale in Pucuk are addition of phonemes, omission of phonemes, shortening, use of other terms, replacement of letters, combinations of capital and lowercase letters, combinations of letters and numbers, combinations of letters, numbers, symbols, and abbreviations. The factors that influence the use of Alay language vocabulary by shemale in Pucuk are Alay language is considered a medium of expression, a factor that arises from within a shemale aims to be pampered was that a sense of eager to be noticed, the language used seems more slang and modern, For shemale, Alay language can understand their condition, they are more comfortable using the Alay language. It is modern and fun language to use as a trick and attraction for their own, and surroundings, such as friends, television.

Interferences Of English-Japanese Language In The Covid-19 Pandemic

Interference is the use of other language elements by individual bilingual languages. Several researchers have researched interference, but no one has examined the interference with Covid-19 as an object. This study aims to describe the forms of English language phonological, morphological, and syntactic interference to the Japanese language. This study used a qualitative descriptive research method, with data sources in the form of vocabulary or terms during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results of this study indicated that the phonological interference forms found are phoneme addition, phoneme insertion, and phoneme substitution, which are caused by differences in syllables. The morphological and syntax interference in the form of compound words and phrases caused by differences in the class of terms that form between the two languages.

Perubahan Fonologis Bahasa Gaul dalam Percakapan Whatsapp Kelompok Siswa Kelas 9 MTs Muhammadiyah 05 Kemusu

The study entitled "Phonological Changes in Slang in Conversations Whatsapp Groups of 9th Grade Students Muhammadiyah 05 Kemusu” aims to analyze the field of phonological studies in slang. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method that produces descriptive data in the form of written or oral words from people and observable behavior. The data source of this research is the form of Whatsapp group chat. The object in this study is slang. The subjects chosen are 9th grade students of MTs Muhammadiyah 05 Kemusu. The data analysis technique uses data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The results of the study show that (a) there is a form of slang; (b) there are 50 forms of slang which are transcribed in phonetic and phonemic forms; (c) there are 9 phonological traits in slang which are classified based on changes in consonant phoneme, vocal, mixed, combination of phonemes, anaphylaxis or phoneme addition, contraction or shortening, acronym, metathesis, and diphthongized or semivowel; and (d) the causes of the use of slang language are friendship, prestige, age, gender, and technological development

ANALISIS PENGUCAPAN DAN PEMBENTUKAN KATA KEANUAGL DALAM INSTA STORY SELEBGRAM

The speech of language by someone is idiosyncratic or distinctive. Using a qualitative descriptive method, this study analyzed Keanuagl's pronunciation of the Insta Story Selebgram (ISS). Research data, in the form of words spoken by Keanuagl, were collected using the observation, note and record method. Data were analyzed by prescriptive analytic, meaning that they were compared with what should have been spoken. The results of the research data analysis are presented informally. This study found that phonological deviations were often carried out in the pronunciation or pronunciation performed by Keanuagl in the ISS. Some of the phoneme pronouncements done by Keanuagl do not match the proper pronunciation of the phonemes. In his speech, Keanuagl often performs phoneme removal, phoneme addition, and phoneme exchange.

Development of Indonesian Stemming Algorithms through Modification of Grouping, Sequencing and Removing of Affixes Based on Morphophonemic

Text documents stored on the system in an unstructured form, so that the information inside cannot be extracted directly. To be able to extract it, it takes text processing which is first carried out initial processing (preprocessing text) to convert text documents into more structured by selecting words that used as indexes. The smaller the index value, the more text documents are recognized on the system and the information is more easily extracted. The size of the index determined by the number of groups of words formed. To avoid forming many groups of words, then each word is changed to become a basic word first before grouping. The process of changing of affix word into a basic word using certain rules is called stemming. This research aims to produce a new Indonesian stemming algorithm named UG18 Stemmer algorithm, which can reduce or eliminate stemming errors such as over-stemming and under-stemming on existing stemming algorithms including the Enhanced Confix Stripping (ECS) Stemmer algorithm and the New Enhanced Confix Stripping (NECS) stemming algorithm. The method used is the morphophonemic process approach, which sees affixes as bound morphemes that experience phoneme changes, phoneme addition, and phoneme removal. The three processes are mapped, and Finite State Automata was made to obtain new affixed groups, sequences and new deletion methods that form the basis of the development of the UG18 Stemmer algorithm. This algorithm developed not using a list of decapitation rules used in pre-existing algorithms. Decapitation rules replaced with morphophonemic based elimination rules. Based on the evaluation results and testing of the UG18 Stemmer algorithm, it has a lower error rate compared to the results of stemming using NESC Stemmer. The result can be seen from the randomized test of 2500 word using Relevance Judgment validated by Indonesian language experts, from 1.48% over-stemming and 16.69% under-stemming using the NECS stemmer algorithm down to 0.12% overstemming and 0% understemming using the UG18 algorithm stemmer. Also, the UG18 Stemmer algorithm can improve the speed performance process in the information retrieval-based document similarity measurement application of 45.47% compared to using the ECS stemmer algorithm.

Analisis Kontrastif Proses Morfofonologi Bahasa Jawa dan Bahasa Arab

Mastery of a foreign language is very important. The increasingly close relations between nations requires the availability of foreign language skills to meet communication needs. Moreover, there are often difficulties or difficulties experienced by foreign language learners with a mother tongue background who have a language system that is not the same as a foreign language system. The purpose of knowing the process morfofonemik in the Java Language and the Arabic language. Types of library research or library research, which takes a data source in the literature. This study includes the type of qualitative research. The research explained the data and then analyzed systematically. The results and findings of the study that the process of morphophonology in the Java language occur because of the appearance of phonemes, pelesapan phonemes, leaching phonemes and shifting phonemes. Whereas in Arabic occurs phonemeal dissolution, phoneme changes, the addition of phonemes and shifting phonemes. The equation of the process morfofonemik between the two languages, namely the same-the same happened phoneme dissolution, while the difference is in the Arabic language does not occur appearance and leaching phonemes as in the language of Java. Implications this study has contributed to the ease of learning in the mastery of foreign languages by learners of a foreign language, namely Arabic.

RAGAM BAHASA PADA TUTURAN PEDAGANG IKAN KABUPATEN DEMAK DITINJAU DARI KAJIAN FONOLOGI

Indonesian people have so many tribes that various language are used. It happens for many cultures growing around citizens. Various language used by fishmongers also have unique varieties that could be distinguished from other sellers. It could be seen when they sell their goods. Language variety viewed from phonology aspect could interpret phoneme addition, reduction or change. Fishmongers� speech in Demak market have their own unique characteristics. These varieties were the attractions of this research. Purpose of this research was to describe fishmongers� speech in Demak Regency based on phonologic study. The used method was qualitative description method which do not need numbers. Data needed by this research were in forms of words, phrases, sentences and speeches of fishmongers in Demak Regency. Result of the study described language variety as viewed from phonologic study. There were phoneme change (to make buyers clearly heard what fish was being offered), phoneme reduction (to make sellers quickly delivered speech to offer their fish to buyers), and phoneme addition (to ease fishmongers to deliver speech) so that fishmongers� aim to sell their fish could be accepted by the buyers.

INTERFERENSI BAHASA MBOJO DALAM TUTURAN BAHASA INDONESIA SISWA KELAS VII SMPN 4 BOLO, BIMA

This study was initiated by language problems spoken by students of SMPN 4 Bolo, Bima. The study aimed to determine level of interference of native language (Mbojo Language) on Indonesian. This study used descriptive qualitative approach. Subject of this study were students and teachers of SMPN 4 Bolo. Data were collected using observation and interview. The study discovered that interference of Mbojo language into bahasa Indonesia occurred in: pronunciation and diction. pronunciations (sound) in speech included: errors of pronunciation, i.e. changes of phonemes, phoneme disappearance, addition of phonemes, and, pausing pause in a group of words and also interference in sentence level. Interference on diction appeared in the use of vocabulary, phrase and diction.