Phone Use Research Articles

Contextualizing family planning messages for the BornFyne-PNMS digital platform in Cameroon: a community-based approach

BackgroundFamily planning (FP) is crucial for reducing maternal and infant mortality and morbidity, particularly through the prevention of unsafe abortions resulting from unwanted pregnancies. Despite Cameroon’s commitment to increasing the adoption of modern FP strategies, rural and poor populations still exhibit low demand due to limited access to healthcare services. This study documents the approach in developing family planning messages for the BornFyne prenatal management system as a platform to improve family planning awareness and enhance uptake.MethodThis is a mixed-methods study that employed the Health Belief Model (HBM). The study included a cross-sectional survey and focus group discussions in four districts of Cameroon. The survey explored household perspectives of FP and the use of mobile phone. Focus group discussions involved women, men, and community health workers to gain in-depth insights. Thematic analysis using themes from the HBM guided the analysis, focusing on perceived benefits, barriers, and cues to action.ResultsThe survey included 3,288 responses. Thematic analysis of focus group discussions highlighted knowledge gaps and areas requiring additional information. Identified gaps informed the development of targeted FP messages aligned with BornFyne objectives and the Health Belief Model. Results revealed that most respondents recognized the benefits of FP but faced knowledge barriers related to side effects, cultural influences, and communication challenges between partners. Focus group discussions further highlighted the need for education targeting both men and women, dispelling misconceptions, and addressing adolescent and youths’ ignorance. The study emphasized the importance of tailored messaging for specific demographic groups and culture.ConclusionDeveloping effective FP intervention messages requires a nuanced understanding of community perspectives. The BornFyne-PNMS family planning feature, informed by the Health Belief Model, addresses knowledge gaps by delivering educational messages in local dialects via mobile phones. The study’s findings underscore the importance of community-based approaches to contextualizing and developing FP content targeting specific populations to generate tailored messages to promote awareness, acceptance, and informed decision-making. The contextualized and validated messages are uploaded into the BornFyne-family planning feature.

Classifying the Cognitive Performance of Drivers While Talking on Hands-Free Mobile Phone Based on Innovative Sensors and Intelligent Approach

The use of mobile phones while driving is restricted to hands-free mode. But even in the hands-free mode, the use of mobile phones while driving causes cognitive distraction due to the diverted attention of the driver. By employing innovative machine-learning approaches to drivers’ physiological signals, namely electroencephalogram (EEG), heart rate (HR), and blood pressure (BP), the impact of talking on hands-free mobile phones in real time has been investigated in this study. The cognitive impact was measured using EEG, HR, and BP data. The authors developed an intelligent model that classified the cognitive performance of drivers using physiological signals that were measured while drivers were driving and reverse bay parking in real time and talking on hands-free mobile phones, considering all driver ages as a complete cohort. Participants completed two numerical tasks varying in difficulty while driving and reverse bay parking. The results show that when participants did the hard tasks, their theta and lower alpha EEG frequency bands increased and exceeded those when they did the easy tasks. The results also show that the BP and HR under phone condition were higher than the BP and HR under no-phone condition. Participants’ cognitive performance was classified using a feedforward neural network, and 97% accuracy was achieved. According to qualitative results, participants experienced significant cognitive impacts during the task completion.

Location, location, location! An application of situational action theory to phone use while driving in different environments

Situational action theory (SAT) is a comprehensive theory that explains offending behaviour from the context of the interaction between interpersonal factors, such as morals, self-control, and habits, with situational factors, such as environmental risk and social conditions. Illegal hand-held mobile phone use while driving (MPUWD), a prevalent and risky road behaviour, has yet to be examined under the SAT framework. Therefore, by utilising SAT, this exploratory study sought to investigate the interpersonal and situational factors preceding hand-held MPUWD in three distinct road environments (highways, built-up areas and stopped-at-traffic lights). To achieve this, Queensland drivers aged over 18 who owned a mobile phone (N = 821, Mage = 41.7 years, SD = 20.9 years) were invited to complete an online survey. Repeated measures ANOVAs demonstrated significant mean differences for participants’ perceived risks associated with MPUWD and subsequent likelihood of offending across the three environments, with traffic lights being more conducive to MPUWD behaviours. Three hierarchical multiple linear regressions also revealed that age, attitude, risk of judgement, and self-control were significant predictors of MPUWD across all environments, while the results for gender, risk of injury and risk of being apprehended varied across the different driving contexts. Together, these factors explained 38.5–39.6 % of the variance in the perceived likelihood of illegally engaging in MPUWD. Overall, the findings indicated that the application of SAT has predictive utility in determining MPUWD engagement and can provide a more comprehensive framework for approaching and intervening in MPUWD behaviour.

Driven to distraction: A systematic literature review on the role of the driving context in mobile phone use

Mobile phone use is one of the most frequent causes of distraction among drivers. While there have been a significant number of studies that have examined individuals’ intentions to use a mobile phone while driving, the influence of individuals’ in-situ judgement of driving conditions has received considerably less attention. The aim of this investigation was to provide a systematic understanding of how factors associated with the driving context and environment influence a driver’s decision to engage in mobile phone use while driving. Following a systematic classification scheme, 41 research articles from the years 2011 to 2020 were reviewed and synthesised to identify the contextual determinants of mobile phone distraction. Overall, the findings provided support for the role that contextual features play in influencing individuals’ mobile phone use engagement. This finding was particularly the case in instances where mobile phone tasks required relatively high cognitive and physical demands on an individual, such as texting and/or reading mails. The findings also indicated that as contextual complexity increases, mobile phone use decreases as well. A deeper understanding of the relationship between contextual factors and phone use while driving may aid in the design of more efficient driver support systems and the development of distraction-sensitive road design guides. This understanding can also assist in the identification of mobile phone use hotspots and the improvement of law enforcement and educational strategies to prevent the behaviour.

Effect of Smart Phone addiction on Social Maturity

Mobile phone use has become a significant global issue due to the prevalence of smartphones. Various studies have delved into the connection between mobile phone usage and academic achievements, yet the findings have been inconclusive. Technology has undeniably simplified our lives, offering gadgets that streamline tasks, provide entertainment, offer information, and even serve as companions. Devices such as mobile phones and iPads are a blessing in many ways, but they also have the potential to bring about feelings of unhappiness and discontent. It's nothing new for us to compare our lives with others. However, mobile phones and social media sites have made it worse. We are all aware that social media can often distort reality and exaggerate the truth. While smartphone use shows a moderate association with stress and anxiety, the severity of depression and anxiety is notably linked to excessive smartphone usage. Now the world is full of technology, we are engaged to show everything on social networking sites, conscious about their online social group. Where we exist, where we want to exist this feeling was slowly invisible. Therefore, researcher want to know is pupil teacher also have smartphone addiction. Then we want to see the effect on social maturity of pupil teacher is smartphone addiction positively or negatively affect social maturity. In this study shown that low, moderate and high level of smartphones has a significant impact on the social maturity.

Impact of Online gaming on Academic Performance of Pokhara University Business Students in Kathmandu Valley

This study examines the impact of online gaming on the academic performance of Pokhara university business students in Kathmandu Valley. Academic performance of business students is the dependent variable. The selected independent variables are online games, social media network, time spent on social media, mobile phones, friends and people connection and internet addictions. The primary source of data is used to assess the opinions of the respondents regarding the impact of online gaming on academic performance of Pokhara university business students in Kathmandu Valley. The study is based on primary data with 123 respondents. To achieve the purpose of the study, structured questionnaire is prepared. The correlation coefficients and regression models are estimated to test the significance and importance of online gaming on academic performance of Pokhara university business students in Kathmandu Valley. The study showed that online gaming has a positive impact on academic performance of business student indicating that playing informative online gaming leads to increase in the level of academic performance of business students. Likewise, the result also revealed that social media network has a positive impact on academic performance of business students. It means that use social media network helps in improving student’s academic performance. Moreover, time spent on social media has a positive impact on academic performance of business students indicating that more the time students spent on social media for the purpose, better would be the academic performance of the students. Moreover, mobile phones has a positive impact on academic performance of business students. It indicates that use of mobile phones helps in improving academic performance of business students. Further, the result shows that friends and people connection has a positive impact on academic performance of business students which means that connecting with friends and people through social media helps students to improve their academic performance.

Information Needs as a Correlate of the Study Behaviour of University Undergraduates in Southwest Nigeria and the Conceptualisation of Study in the Digital Age

The study investigated the extent to which information needs influence the study behaviour of Library and Information Science undergraduates of the University of Ibadan and Tai Solarin University of Education. Survey research design of the correlational type was adopted. The total population summed up to 1,368. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to determine the sample size. In the first stage, purposive sampling technique was adopted to select the two universities while the second stage involved the stratification of the students based on their level of study. A random selection of a sample of 20% of the students was made thereafter. This gave a sample size of 274. It was found that the students needed information to write research project, prepare for examination and test, for course work and assignment, to enhance their lecture notes, derive information for health and wellness, leisure and general awareness. Furthermore, the students were found to study majorly between 1-2 hours daily and made use of lecturers’ handouts, lecture notes and textbooks as resources during study. Majority of them were found to use personal timetable to guide their study. A positive relationship was found between the students’ information needs and their study behaviour, but the effect of information needs on the study behaviour of the students was not significant. Consequently, it was recommended that governments should provide adequate funds in order to enable the procurement of high quality, current and adequate information sources that will meet the students’ information needs. It was also advised that they should be provided with reliable and sustainable ICT infrastructure and empowered to develop their ICT skills to enhance their use of online and electronic resources while studying, and with that improve electronic learning practices; as study could no longer be conceived as reading and assimilating information in prints only. It was further suggested that all distractions to study should be checked, especially, the use of mobile phones, except the said phones are being used for teaching and learning purposes during lecture and study hours.

Daily smartphone use predicts parent depressive symptoms, but parents' perceptions of responsiveness to their child moderate this effect.

Smartphone use during caregiving has become increasingly common, especially around infants and very young children, and this use around young children has been linked with lower quality and quantity of parent-child interaction, with potential implications for child behavior, and parent-child attachment. To understand drivers and consequences of parent phone use, we were interested in the daily associations between parent phone use and depressed mood, as well as the potential for parent perceptions of their responsiveness toward their infant to alter the association between parent phone use and mood. In the present study, we explored associations between day-to-day changes in parent smartphone use (objectively-measured via passive sensing) around their infant, depressed mood, and parent perceptions of their responsiveness to their infants among a sample of 264 parents across eight days. We utilized multilevel modeling to examine these within-person daily associations. Objectively-measured parent smartphone use during time around their infant was significantly associated with depressed mood on a daily basis. Interestingly, this was not true on days when parents perceived themselves to be more responsive to their infant. These results suggest that parent judgements and perceptions of their parenting behavior may impact the potential link between parent phone use and parent mood. This is the first study utilizing intensive daily data to examine how parent perceptions may alter the felt effects of phone use on their parenting. Future work examining potential impacts of smartphone use on parenting should consider the effects of both actual use and perceptions about that use.

The relationship between smartphone usage position, pain, smartphone addiction, and hand function.

The hand is the most frequently used part of the body during daily life activities. Any musculoskeletal problem that may occur in the hand can lead to loss of function. This study examined the relationship between the wrist and elbow position adapted during smartphone use, pain and discomfort, smartphone addiction, and hand function. Pain and discomfort were evaluated with the visual analog scale, wrist and elbow angle during phone use were evaluated with a universal goniometer, smartphone addiction was evaluated with the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version, and functional status of the hand was evaluated with the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire. A total of 120 university students (female: n= 60), with an average age of 22.71 ± 2.7years, were included in this cross-sectional study. A relationship was found between the angle of the wrist and elbow during smartphone use and pain/discomfort (r= 0.692, p= 0.001), smartphone addiction (r= 0.575, p= 0.001), and hand function parameters (r= 0.20-0.55, p⩽ 0.05). Due to the increased use of smartphones in today's environment, a preventive program should be developed in which texting for extended periods is avoided, along with frequent breaks to rest the hands, and stretching exercises for the upper extremities during rest.

Human activity recognition using smart phone for physical activity analysis

Human Activity Recognition (HAR) is an active research area that is useful in many applications, such as elderly people monitoring, health parameter analysis, fall detection, video surveillance, etc. There are many challenges in HAR, such as generalized feature extraction, varying background and illumination, etc. The sensor based and image based are two major approaches in HAR. Image based is complex and can be used in the monitoring area only.The sensor based appraches are not user friendly as an individuals need to wear the sensors on the body which is not comfortable. The use of smart phones for HAR is increasing due to advancements in machine learning algorithms. We have proposed a convolutional neural network model for the classification of activities of daily leaving (ADLs) performed by 30 individuals carrying a smartphone. The model consists of two and three dense layers, respectively. We trained the model using 7352 unique samples from the database. We obtained the highest accuracy of 95.02% when testing the result on 2947 samples with 15 epochs. The accuracy and loss plotted is shown in fig 5 a to d which indicates the proper traing of the model. The model is neither overfitted nor underfitted. The hyper-parameter tuning helped in increasing the accuracy. The classification of the physical activities can be and useful inferences can be obtained by analyzing the activities and its time. This will useful in generating the health related alerts to an individual for the activities.

INTERACTION OF SEX AND SEXUAL MATURATION WITH MOBILE AND SCREEN TIME IN ADOLESCENTS

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of time spent in cell phone and screen time in adolescents moderated by physical activity level. Methods: A study with a representative sample of 772 adolescents (52.6% female) with a mean age of 16.63 ± 0.69 years selected in a sampling process by multiple stages. The cell phone and screen time were auto reported. Poisson regression analyzes verified the associations. Results: Were observed associations between nutritional status and cell phone use by insufficiently active adolescents (PR: 1.433; CI95%: 1.123 - 1.829; p = 0.004). Female (PR: 0.728; CI95%: 0.621 - 0.853; p = 0.001) and female sex*pubertal interaction (PR: 0.768; CI 95%: 0.637 - 0.925; p = 0.005) and female sex*post pubert (PR: 0.709; CI95%: 0.522 - 0.963; p = 0.028) with screen time in insufficiently active activities. Female sex (PR: 0.713; CI95%: 0.536 - 0.967; p = 0.029) and female sex*pubertal interaction term (PR: 0.622; CI 95%: 0.464 - 0.944; p = 0.023) with screen time on sufficiently active. Conclusions: physical activity level may moderate the relationship of overweight/obese adolescents with cell phone use. Females seem to be the main factor related to screen time.

The Impact of Smartphone Usage Patterns on Health and Other Aspects of Life Post-Covid Pandemic

Smartphone usage is still increasing worldwide. Life seems impossible without them as almost all activities are performed through these gadgets. Many studies have demonstrated the pattern of smartphone usage before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in teenagers and students. To observe the smartphone usage pattern and its impact on various aspects of life post-pandemic, an online survey was conducted through a questionnaire covering the demography, pattern of smartphone usage, and impact of smartphones on health, social life, and family life. The results were analysed statistically. A total of 528 responses from people, mostly from north India, with a mean age of 33.60±11.50 years, were collected, and 54.7% were residing in nuclear families. Occupation-wise, the maximum number of participants was professionals (32.4%), followed by 25.2% of students. Many young children (36.3%) also had their own smartphones. People agreed that phone usage caused poor academic performance (59.6%) and obsession with online shopping (44.3 %). Significant association(p<0.05) was observed between smartphone usage and increased BMI, physical symptoms (finger/hand pain, back pain, general fatigue, vertigo, lack of physical activity), and psychological symptoms (craving for phone use, nomophobia, poor quality sleep). Post Covid, smartphone usage increased among all age groups. Overuse of smartphones is a double-edged sword and may cause physical as well as psychological ailments. It is important to raise awareness about the mindful use of smartphones by setting boundaries and finding ways to do that.

Use of Personal Cell Phones by Nurses is Barrier to Effective Nursing Care in Hospitals: A Qualitative Research

Using cell phones by nurses can affect the quality of care. This study aimed to explore the consequences of using cell phones by nurses in hospitals. A qualitative approach was used. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Nursing staff, patients, and their relatives participated in this study. Categories of “emotionless care,” “neglect in care,” “impaired professional behavior” and a main theme of “Personal cell phone is a barrier to effective nursing care” extracted. Using cell phone during work could jeopardize patients’ safety and ruins the nursing profession image. It is necessary to formulate guidelines on how to use cell phones in hospitals.

Nighttime Phone Use and Past Exposure to Cyberbullying and Their Impact on Sleep and Psychological Wellbeing in Australian Children Aged 7 to 19 Years

Background: Cyberbullying and nighttime phone use are independently detrimental to sleep and psychological wellbeing, but whether in combination they might be more disruptive remains unknown. Methods: Students aged 7–19 years (N = 53,734) completed a survey measuring sleep duration, nighttime phone use, cyberbullying, and psychological distress. Results: Across stratification variables of gender (F/M) and age group (primary/secondary-school-aged children), bivariate ordered probit regression revealed that being cyberbullied and nighttime phone use were independent predictors of both increased psychological distress and obtaining <8 h sleep. Nighttime phone use was observed to moderate the relationship between cyberbullying and sleep in both primary- and secondary-school-aged girls and boys and, likewise, between cyberbullying and psychological distress, especially in secondary-school-aged boys. Notably, the moderation effect was such that the impact of nighttime phone use was lower in children who were compared with those who were not cyberbullied. This may be a ceiling effect due to the high number of cyberbullied children reporting shortened sleep and higher levels of psychological distress. Discussion: The present findings point to a possible role of nighttime phone use as a moderator of the effect of cyberbullying on sleep and psychological wellbeing. There is a need for future studies to better explore more directly the effects of cyberbullying during the nighttime.

Linking Self-Esteem to Problematic Mobile Phone Use: A Moderated Mediation Model of Fear of Missing Out and Ruminative Subtypes.

Low self-esteem has been identified as a risk factor for problematic mobile phone use (PMPU). However, the magnitude of self-esteem's effect on PMPU varied across different studies. Drawing on the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution model and the response styles theory, this study developed a moderated mediation model to investigate the mediating role of fear of missing out (FoMO) and the moderating roles of ruminative subtypes (i.e., brooding and reflection) in the relationship between self-esteem and PMPU. We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 806 undergraduate students (Mage = 19.35 years, SD = 1.18) using the convenience sampling method. Results showed that self-esteem was negatively associated with PMPU. Mediation analysis revealed that the association between self-esteem and PMPU was mediated by FoMO. Furthermore, moderated mediation analyses revealed that the mediating effect of FoMO was moderated by both brooding and reflection, such that the indirect effect became stronger for individuals with higher levels of brooding/reflection. These findings add to previous research by shedding light on how (i.e., mediation) and under what conditions (i.e., moderation) self-esteem is associated with PMPU and have implications for early prevention and intervention of individual PMPU.

Not daily, sometimes not ever - mixed methods exploration of the contemporary relevance of tasks contained in extended activities of daily living scales.

Assessment of functional status is an integral part of older adult healthcare and research. Therefore, it is essential that tools to capture function are contextually appropriate. Many tools designed to evaluate extended Activities of Daily Living (eADLs) were developed decades ago. Our aim was to explore which eADL tasks are commonly performed by older adults and map these tasks to popular eADL scales, seeking stakeholder perspectives to inform recommendations on scale content. Online survey with quantitative questions and free text followed-by semi-structured interviews. Older adults (≥60-years), carers and health, social care and voluntary/community professionals. We extracted eADL tasks from existing scales to develop a survey on frequency of performance, with space for additional comment. The survey was disseminated via Join Dementia Research and other clinical and professional networks. Online semi-structured interviews were undertaken with thematic analysis of verbatim transcripts. From 2244 online survey responses, 87% came from older people and two-thirds of respondents were female. Some eADL tasks were never performed by many participants. Tasks not part of existing tools included online banking and mobile phone use. From fifteen interviews, a recurring theme was that technological and societal changes have altered daily tasks. Commonly used eADL scales contain obsolete tasks and omit tasks older people consider part of their everyday lives. There is a need to work collaboratively to update eADL tools to reflect the priorities and activities of older people to ensure these remain valid measures for use in practice and research. To complement this abstract, a video abstract is available online. A more detailed video-based summary of the content is also available as supplemental material.

Exposure to Radiofrequency Induces Synaptic Dysfunction in Cortical Neurons Causing Learning and Memory Alteration in Early Postnatal Mice.

The widespread use of wireless communication devices has necessitated unavoidable exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF). In particular, increasing RF-EMF exposure among children is primarily driven by mobile phone use. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of 1850 MHz RF-EMF exposure at a specific absorption rate of 4.0 W/kg on cortical neurons in mice at postnatal day 28. The results indicated a significant reduction in the number of mushroom-shaped dendritic spines in the prefrontal cortex after daily exposure for 4 weeks. Additionally, prolonged RF-EMF exposure over 9 days led to a gradual decrease in postsynaptic density 95 puncta and inhibited neurite outgrowth in developing cortical neurons. Moreover, the expression levels of genes associated with synapse formation, such as synaptic cell adhesion molecules and cyclin-dependent kinase 5, were reduced in the cerebral cortexes of RF-EMF-exposed mice. Behavioral assessments using the Morris water maze revealed altered spatial learning and memory after the 4-week exposure period. These findings underscore the potential of RF-EMF exposure during childhood to disrupt synaptic function in the cerebral cortex, thereby affecting the developmental stages of the nervous system and potentially influencing later cognitive function.

Közúti közlekedési balesetben megsérült gyalogosok számának csökkentési lehetőségei

Összefoglalás. A közlekedési balesetekben sérült személyek, valamint a baleset miatti anyagi károk jelentős mértékű társadalmi-gazdasági veszteségértéket képviselnek. Kutatásommal célom a közlekedés biztonságosabbá tételéhez szükséges kulcsterületek feltárása és a lehetséges potenciális beavatkozási területek meghatározása volt. Munkám során a 2016–2020 közötti közlekedési balesetek adatait elemeztem leíró statisztikai módszerrel. Megállapítottam, hogy a leginkább kritikus pont a gyalogosok közlekedése. Azokban a balesetekben, ahol volt gyalogos sérült, a balesetek két okcsoportja dominál: gyalogosok hibája (34,3%), valamint a járművezetők gyalogosok részére történő elsőbbségadásának elmaradása (38,1%). Az eredmények lehetőséget adnak a további célirányos vizsgálatokra, valamint a hatékony beavatkozásokra. Summary. Transport is an essential part of everybody lives. The aim of transport users is to make their journeys without accidents in the shortest possible time, while optimising their individual resources and inputs. The number of people injured in road traffic accidents with personal injury and the material damage caused by a significant socio-economic loss. By preventing accidents, it is clear that the costs and resources spent on road accidents can be reduced. Therefore, I started my research by determining the share of road user groups in the number of accidents, the number of people injured and the amount of economic loss value associated with accidents. I analysed road accidents between 2016 and 2020. By the accident analysis, I found that among vulnerable road users, the proportion of pedestrians and cyclists injured was extremely high. Injuries in these two transport modes accounted for more than half of the injuries in cars. By calculating the loss value, I found that the damage to the national economy caused by pedestrian injuries was significant. In my research, by analysing the causes of accidents, I found that in accidents where there was a pedestrian injured, two groups of causes dominate: pedestrian error (34.3%) and drivers not giving priority to pedestrians (38.1%). Examining the accident data, it was evident that the number of pedestrian accidents due to pedestrian error is very high, so I continued my research in the area of other activities of pedestrians while walking. I measured pedestrians in 10 locations in Budapest. During the measurements, I recorded and analysed data of 11536 persons. The average rate of distraction was 54.3%, which means that one in two pedestrians is doing some other activity while walking. The most frequent activity was talking to another pedestrian (29.8%), but phone use (15.7%) and head/earphone use (13.5%) were also very significant. My research results so far show that if we want to improve pedestrian safety, we need to reduce accidents caused by pedestrians’ own fault and increase drivers’ willingness to give priority to pedestrians. My research plans also include investigating ways to reduce pedestrian errors, increasing pedestrian awareness and examining pedestrian-driver interactions in more depth. I already have results in this area, but my aim is to identify target areas (including human, infrastructure, vehicle field) for my research that can be implemented in practice, thus helping to improve pedestrian safety and road safety.

The Effect of Perceived Stress on Insomnia Symptoms Among College Students: A Moderated Mediation Model.

College students' insomnia symptoms is a topic of growing interest and studies have begun to explore the factors that influence college students' insomnia symptoms. This study investigated the relationship between perceived stress and college students' insomnia symptoms, as well as the chain mediating roles of fear of missing out and mobile phone dependence, and the moderating roles of environmental sensitivity. In this study, 748 college students (M = 20.59, SD = 2.65) as a sample for cross-sectional study. The Perceived Stress Questionnaire, Brief Fear of Missing Out Scale, Self-Rating Questionnaire for Adolescent Problematic Mobile Phone Use, Athens Insomnia Scale and Highly Sensitive Child Scale were used. (1) Perceived stress significantly positively predicts the insomnia symptoms of college students; (2) Fear of missing out and mobile phone dependence play a chain mediating role between perceived stress and the insomnia symptoms of college students; (3) environmental sensitivity moderated the pathways of mobile phone dependence on insomnia symptoms. We revealed the underlying mechanisms between perceived stress and insomnia symptoms. The findings highlight the importance of interventions for fear of missing out and mobile phone dependence, as well as the role of environmental sensitivity in influencing insomnia symptoms.

Effect of Electromagnetic Radiation Induced DRY EYE Conditions in Human Eye

Purpose-The aim of this study is to determine the impact of dry eye induced due to electromagnetic radiation produced during use of digital screen. Methodology- The project was held through camping and OPD work during the clinical posting in Haryana and New Delhi. The invitation to participate in the camping was done through social media, hoarding and pamphlet. Data collection was done in Microsoft excel sheet basis on age group. To detect dry eye in patents eye few test was done such as shimmer test, TBUT test, by slit lamp examination few things were observed which was essential to detect dry eye such as Conjunctival Congestion, Meibomitis Dots, and Corneal shine. After all this the statistical analysis was done. Result- The EMR affected individuals were excessively used mobile phones, laptops, tablets, and PCs. According to this data, 60% of child experiences mild dry eye, 66.6% of young experiences moderate dry eye, 74 % of adult experiences serve dry eye. The test results of the present investigative study suggest that all the test results were significant at p < 0.05. Conclusion- The result of the study suggests that excess use of mobile phones, tablets, laptop, and computer leads to dry eye among the patients specially having working hours more than or at least 8-10 hours.