Interpretation Of Quantum Mechanics Research Articles

Quantum Determinism and the Akashic Field: Exploring Synchronicity and Human Limitations in Accessing Universal Laws

This paper explores the hypothesis that quantum mechanics’ apparent randomness conceals a deterministic structure governed by immutable laws. Drawing on metaphysical concepts such as the Akashic Field and Carl Jung’s synchronicity, it proposes that quantum uncertainty may reflect human limitations in understanding, rather than genuine indeterminism. Synchronicities may reveal glimpses of a pre-ordained cosmic order, much like accessing information from the Akashic record. We introduce a connection between quantum physics and metaphysical traditions to challenge conventional interpretations of quantum mechanics and human free will, advocating for a more interconnected and deterministic universe.

Empiricism and Realism Reconciled in Agazzi’s Conception of Scientific Objectivity

Evandro Agazzi has shown the possibility of a reconciliation between logical empiricism and realism through the proposal of his conception of scientific objectivity, which replaces the notion of entity with that of object, conceived as a structured set of properties. This conception, on the one hand, has been developed from a more empiricist perspective, according to which the reality of the object is shifted to one of its predictable properties, and on the other hand, has produced his fruitful criticism of the orthodox interpretation of quantum mechanics and his demand for a realist interpretation based on the introduction of new non-classical concepts.

Stochastic bra-ket interpretation of quantum mechanics

Abstract The stochastic nature of quantum mechanics is more naturally reflected in a bilinear two-process representation of density matrices rather than in squared wave functions. This proposition comes with a remarkable change of the entanglement mechanism: entanglement effects do not originate from superpositions of wave functions, but they result from the bilinear structure of density matrices. Quantum interference appears as a multiplicative phenomenon rather than an additive superposition mechanism. We propose two general requirements such that the bilinear representation of density matrices is given in terms of two uniquely defined, identically distributed, Markovian stochastic jump processes. These general ideas are illustrated for the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen and double-slit experiments. The expression of the stochastic nature of quantum mechanics in terms of random variables rather than their probability distributions facilitates an ontological viewpoint and leads us to a bra-ket interpretation of quantum mechanics.

Does fine-tuning support the existence of a multiverse?

Abstract In the context of the probabilistic fine-tuning argument for the existence of a divine designer, appeals to the existence of a multiverse have often seemed ad hoc. The situation is rather different though if there is independent evidence from physics for a multiverse. This paper argues that the fate of the fine-tuning argument depends on open questions in fundamental physics and cosmology. It also argues that the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics opens up new routes to undercutting the force of the fine-tuning argument.

A human in a multi-world interpretation of quantum mechanics

A human in a multi-world interpretation of quantum mechanics

Epistemic–Pragmatist Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics: A Comparative Assessment

Epistemic–Pragmatist Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics: A Comparative Assessment

(Pseudo-)Synthetic BRST quantisation of the bosonic string and the higher quantum origin of dualities

In this article I am arguing in favour of the hypothesis that the origin of gauge and string dualities in general can be found in a higher-categorical interpretation of basic quantum mechanics. It is interesting to observe that the Galilei group has a non-trivial cohomology, while the Lorentz/Poincare group has trivial cohomology. When we constructed quantum mechanics, we noticed the non-trivial cohomology structure of the Galilei group and hence, we required for a proper quantisation procedure that would be compatible with the symmetry group of our theory, to go to a central extension of the Galilei group universal covering by co-cycle. This would be the Bargmann group. However, Nature didn’t choose this path. Instead in nature, the Galilei group is not realised, while the Lorentz group is. The fact that the Galilei group has topological obstructions leads to a central charge, the mass, and a superselection rule, required to implement the Galilei symmetry, that forbids transitions between states of different mass. The topological structure of the Lorentz group however lacks such an obstruction, and hence allows for transitions between states of different mass. The connectivity structure of the Lorentz group as opposed to that of the Galilei group can be interpreted in the sense of an ER=EPR duality for the topological space associated to group cohomology. In string theory we started with the Witt algebra, and due to similar quantisation issues, we employed the central extension by co-cycle to obtain the Virasoro algebra. This is a unique extension for orientation preserving diffeomorphisms on a circle, but there is no reason to believe that, at the high energy domain in physics where this would apply, we do not have a totally different structure altogether and the degrees of freedom present there would require something vastly more general and global.

Optical and supramolecular properties of cyclometalated palladium nanostructures with tumor targeting properties in living mice: a quantum mechanics interpretation.

The recent discovery that metallophilic interactions between cyclometalated palladium supramolecular nanostructures - with efficient tumour accumulation rate in a skin melanoma model - maintain excellent photodynamic properties even in a hypoxic microenvironment has inspired the present study focused on the theoretical predictions of optical properties of the bis-cyclometalated palladium compound in different contexts. More specifically, structural and UV/Vis absorption properties of both monomeric and dimeric forms of this anticancer drug are well reproduced with a Time-Dependent Density Functional Theoretical (TD-DFT) approach based on Exchange-Correlation (XC) hybrid functionals in conjunction with conductor-like and polarization solvation effects. A further novelty is represented by a fine investigation of the supramolecular interactions between the different subunits of the drug via dispersion force correction andQuantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM). This contribution while supporting the photoexcitation properties derived in laboratory following the self-assembly of monomeric units when passing from dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to a H2O/DMSO mixture at 298K, shed some light on the nature of the chemical interactions modulating the formation of nano-size aggregates.

Spin-orbit correlations in the nucleon in the large- Nc limit

We study the twist-3 spin-orbit correlations of quarks described by the nucleon matrix elements of the parity-odd rank-2 tensor QCD operator (the parity-odd partner of the QCD energy-momentum tensor). Our treatment is based on the effective dynamics emerging from the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry and the mean-field picture of the nucleon in the large-Nc limit. The twist-3 QCD operators are converted to effective operators, in which the QCD interactions are replaced by spin-flavor-dependent chiral interactions of the quarks with the pion field. We compute the nucleon matrix elements of the twist-3 effective operators and discuss the role of the chiral interactions in the spin-orbit correlations. We derive the first-quantized representation in the mean-field picture and develop a quantum-mechanical interpretation. The chiral interactions give rise to new spin-orbit couplings and qualitatively change the correlations compared to the quark model picture. We also derive the twist-3 matrix elements in the topological soliton picture where the quarks are integrated out (skyrmion). The methods used here can be extended to other QCD operators describing higher-twist nucleon structure and generalized parton distributions. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

On testimony in scenarios with Wigner and Friend

The paper constructs a semi-formal language suited to the analysis of Wigner’s Friend scenarios: it represents an epistemic notion of rational beliefs and perspectives, to accommodate the insights of perspectival interpretations of quantum mechanics. The language is then used to analyze a paradox put forward by Frauchiger and Renner (Nat Commun, 9(1):3711, 2018). Their argument is presented as a semi-formal derivation with specified rules of reasoning. These rules bear an affinity to some of the cherished tenets of epistemology and we argue that they are valid (one universally, and the other in experimental contexts). Since our proof is a reductio, it leaves a choice which premises are responsible for a contradiction. Our first choice is a step that appears incorrect from the point of view of the universal unitary evolution as well as the view that every measurement induces a collapse of a measured system’s state. Our second choice, brought to view by the paper’s attention to perspectives and epistemology, points to a step reporting the transmission of beliefs (testimony) about measurement results. We argue that testimony is not licensed by quantum mechanical formalism; we discuss some recent attempts to save the cogency of testimony in the context of quantum measurements.

Quantum Mechanics and Inclusive Materialism

Since its inception, the intricate mathematical formalism of quantum mechanics has empowered physicists to describe and predict specific physical events known as quantum processes. However, this success in probabilistic predictions has been accompanied by a profound challenge in the ontological interpretation of the theory. This interpretative complexity stems from two key aspects. Firstly, quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory that, so far, is not derivable from any more basic scientific theory. Secondly, it delves into a realm of invisible phenomena that often contradicts our intuitive and commonsensical notions of matter and causality. Despite its notorious difficulties of interpretation, the most widely accepted set of views of quantum phenomena has been known as the Copenhagen interpretation since the beginning of quantum mechanics. According to these views, the correct ontological interpretation of quantum mechanics is incompatible with ontological realism in general and with philosophical materialism in particular. Anti-realist and anti-materialist interpretations of quantum matter have survived until today. This paper discusses these perspectives, arguing that materialistic interpretations of quantum mechanics are compatible with its mathematical formalism, while anti-realist and anti-materialist views are based on wrong philosophical assumptions. However, although physicalism provides a better explanation for quantum phenomena than idealism, its downward reductionism prevents it from accounting for more complex forms of matter, such as biological or sociocultural systems. Thus, the paper argues that neither physicalism nor idealism can explain the universe. I propose then a non-reductionistic form of materialism called inclusive materialism. The conclusion is that the acknowledgment of the qualitative irreducibility of ontological emergent levels above the purely physical one does not deny philosophical materialism but enriches it.

Defending the quantum reconstruction program

The program of reconstructing quantum theory based on information-theoretic principles enjoys much popularity in the foundations of physics. Surprisingly, this endeavor has only received very little attention in philosophy. Here I argue that this should change. This is because, on the one hand, reconstructions can help us to better understand quantum mechanics, and, on the other hand, reconstructions are themselves in need of interpretation. My overall objective, thus, is to motivate the reconstruction program and to show why philosophers should care. My specific aims are threefold. (i) Clarify the relationship between reconstructing and interpreting quantum mechanics, (ii) show how the informational reconstruction of quantum theory puts pressure on standard realist interpretations, (iii) defend the quantum reconstruction program against possible objections.

Alternate worlds

Two new science-fiction TV series – Constellation and Dark Matter – reveal the problem of using the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics as a fictional device, say Robert P Crease and Jennifer Carter.

Interpretation of quantum theory in a cosmological perspective

We reconsider the problem of the interpretation of the quantum theory (QT) in the perspective of the entire universe and of the Bohr's idea that the classical language is the language of our experience and QT acquires a meaning only with a reference to it. We distinguish a classical or macroscopic state, and a quantum or microscopic one that is perceived only through the modifications that it induces in the first. The macroscopic state is specified by a set of variables, a classical energy–momentum tensor and conserved currents, which are supposed to have always a well-defined value. The microscopic state and dynamics are expressed by the usual QT formalism. For the macroscopic variables, a basic distribution of probability is postulated in terms of quantum operators and a statistical operator, what replace the usual probability rule of QT. For the universe, a variance of the ΛCDM model with Ω=1\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\Omega = 1$$\\end{document} is assumed, one inflaton, a Goldstone type potential, initial time at t=-∞\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$t = - \\infty$$\\end{document}, expectation values of all fundamental fields vanishing for t→-∞\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$t \ o - \\infty$$\\end{document}. The scalar fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background is correctly explained, but the absence of the tensor fluctuations remains not understood. This seems to suggest that gravity is a pure classical phenomenon what perhaps could be accommodated in our framework.

Quantum ontology and intuitions

Quantum ontology and intuitions

Many Worlds and Moral Responsibility

ABSTRACT Moral responsibility is integral to most forms of theism. Yet its coherence as a concept is contingent upon the fulfilment of certain metaphysical conditions. In this paper I argue that (1) the continued existence of the self, and (2) freedom of will and action, are necessary conditions for moral responsibility, particularly within a theistic context. I then argue that the Everett Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics (or, the Many Worlds Interpretation) throws these assumptions into question in new and interesting ways.

Taxonomy for physics beyond quantum mechanics

We propose terminology to classify interpretations of quantum mechanics and models that modify or complete quantum mechanics. Our focus is on models which have previously been referred to as superdeterministic (strong or weak), retrocausal (with or without signalling, dynamical or non-dynamical), future-input-dependent, atemporal and all-at-once, not always with the same meaning or context. Sometimes, these models are assumed to be deterministic, sometimes not, the word deterministic has been given different meanings, and different notions of causality have been used when classifying them. This has created much confusion in the literature, and we hope that the terms proposed here will help to clarify the nomenclature. The general model framework that we will propose may also be useful to classify other interpretations and modifications of quantum mechanics. This document grew out of the discussions at the 2022 Bonn Workshop on Superdeterminism and Retrocausality.

Development of the Stochastic Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics by E. Nelson. Derivation of the Schrödinger-Euler-Poisson Equations

Development of the Stochastic Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics by E. Nelson. Derivation of the Schrödinger-Euler-Poisson Equations

A short report on a probability-based interpretation of quantum mechanics

Abstract This study calls attention to the current state of the probability (P) domain which presents weak points at the mathematical level and more significant flaws at the application level. Popper noticed how fundamental issues raised in quantum mechanics (QM) directly derive from unresolved probabilistic questions. Endless philosophical debates create more problems than solutions, so the author of this research suggests going directly to the root of the issues and searching for the probability theory which formalizes the multifold nature of P. This study offers a brief overview of the structural theory of probability, recently published in a book, and applies it to QM in order to show its completeness. The whole probability-based interpretation of QM goes beyond the limits of a paper and these pages condense a few aspects of this theoretical scheme. The double slit experiment is used to corroborate the theorems presented here.

Photoluminescence Quenching Upon Growth of Metal Nanoparticles: Quantum-Mechanical Views.

In dictating the optical processes in metal nanoparticles, for instance, quantum nature of free electrons is significantly dominant and plays very crucial roles at the level of nanoscale dimensions of materials. As consequences of the quantum-confinement effects on the conduction electrons, surface-plasmon resonance induced optical absorption and light emission properties of metal nanoparticles are found to be strongly dependent on physical dimensions of the nanomaterials. In addition, surface-confined acoustic vibration (phonon) modes have been experimentally observed to depend on the sizes of the metal nanoparticles. Also, interestingly, tuning of the surface-plasmon resonance condition is found to enhance the intensity of the acoustic Raman modes in metal nanoparticles. The study highlights the role of plasmon-phonon coupling in Co metal nanoparticles embedded in a silica-glass. In the research field of nanosciences and nanotechnologies, extraordinary behaviour and properties of nanoscale matters are investigated. In this context, interesting studies have been discussed in this review article to elaborate optical, chemical and photoluminescence properties of nanoscale Ag metal particles. Subtle detection of optical phenomena associated with the excited many-body electronic processes in the metal nanoparticles, for example, are very interesting but definitely challenging. Here we make an attempt to find out how the thermal growth of Ag metal nanoparticles in a glass matrix snuffs out the light emission from the samples? Quantum mechanical interpretations of the underlying processes about the quenching of photoluminescence phenomena with the growth of the metal nanoparticles will help to fine tune the optical properties of plasmonic systems as well as to harness potential applications of the nanomaterials.