Philosophical Understanding Research Articles

Responses to Trisokkas, Torsen and McManus

Trisokkas raises two objections to my defence of Heidegger's claim against Hegel. Heidegger's claim is that Hegel had dogmatically assumed the priority of ‘logic’ in any inquiry into the meaning of being, thus inheriting the metaphysical tradition's dual assumptions that what must be said to matter most of all in our attempt understand our place in the world and a possible reconciliation with the world is the knowability of being. Everything else can only matter if the world is first of all available as knowable. The claim is not that Hegel cannot develop a ‘science of logic’ or, to use Hegelian shorthand, that Being cannot be understood as Concept. The issue is the status of the Logic, what significance it has in our attempt to understand ourselves and the meaning of being in general. Ultimately Hegel counts as the culmination of the metaphysical tradition because he believes, citing Aristotle, that ‘nous rules the world’, that everything is primordially available to us as rationally available, explicable. This means that even the meaning of the being of human history, sociality, religion and art is as expressions of reason, even as modes of rationality. Trisokkas objects that it is question-begging to saddle Hegel with a question that he is not, in the Science of Logic at least, attempting to answer. He puts this by saying that Hegel is simply not addressing the question of the status or significance of the Logic, that he has not ‘chosen’ to raise any question about what matters to human beings or to Hegel himself, but has chosen an inquiry into being. (‘Mattering is irrelevant at the beginning of Hegel's Logic.’ ‘All being is taken to be, is simply being.’) According to Trisokkas the Logic is simply an inquiry into being's possible determinacy. Trisokkas's second objection is a classic Hegelian objection, the one he himself raised against Schelling. He alleges that any philosophical understanding, even of the nondiscursive sources of meaningfulness, must itself be discursive in some way, as in Heidegger's own analysis or as in my book, and he cites this as evidence against the priority, at least for philosophy, of a nondiscursive attunement to significances. Mattering is a concept and our account of its significance must remain conceptual, not itself ‘poetic’.

THE PHILOSOPHY OF FREEDOM AND ITS LIMITS: UKRAINIAN EXPERIENCE OF DEMOCRATIC DEVELOPMENT

The purpose of this research is a philosophical reflection on the category of freedom in the context of Ukraine’s democratic development, with a focus on its limits in light of current political and social challenges, particularly war and crises. The study analyzes the historical stages of the concept of freedom in Ukraine, the legal and ethical constraints placed on it, and the existential dimension of responsibility tied to individual choice. The research methods include critical analysis of philosophical and political works, synthesis of approaches from different philosophical schools (particularly liberalism and existentialism), comparative analysis of freedom and responsibility concepts, and systematic analysis of the legal and ethical challenges facing modern Ukrainian society. The results of the study reveal that the concept of freedom in Ukraine has specific historical features, related to the ongoing struggle for national independence, and dynamically changes under the influence of external threats and internal political processes. It is determined that the limits of freedom are shaped not only by legal norms but also by ethical and societal factors that actively shape Ukrainian public discourse. Special attention is given to the existential dimension of freedom as responsibility, which manifests in complex moral choices in the context of war. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the combination of historical, legal, and existentialist approaches to understanding freedom in the context of Ukrainian democratic development, providing deeper insights into the relationship between freedom and responsibility during periods of social crises. The theoretical significance of the work lies in expanding the philosophical understanding of the category of freedom within the Ukrainian context, its interaction with legal and ethical norms, which is essential for further research in political philosophy and law.

Parmenides as a Thinker of Fate

Although some ancient sources relate Parmenides to the religious doctrine of fate, this concept is not usually prominent in the scholarly presentation of the Eleatic thinker. Here, we offer a tentative interpretation of the notion of necessity in Parmenides’ poem, as a peculiar philosophical understanding of the presence of fate in reality. Necessity, divinised by Parmenides, implies that all things are bound together by the chains of fate. Therefore, his philosophical proposal consists in understanding this unity of reality originated by the connexion of fatal necessity. However, this presence of fate in all things is not bad news, but also means that everything is connected by Love.

Mr. Tumbles’ Maya and the Multiplicity of Personas: Leveraging Illusion and Reality in Educational Game Design for SEN Language Learners

Educational research for Special Educational Needs (SEN) students has increasingly recognised the necessity for tailored approaches that accommodate diverse learning needs. Despite advancements, there remains a significant gap in the development of digital interventions, particularly video games, that cater to the language acquisition and communicative needs of SEN learners. This study explores how psychological paradigms from the popular children's television show ‘Mr. Tumble’ (made specifically for children with special educational needs) can inform the creation of language learning video games. By analysing the use of ‘Makaton’ a multimodal communication tool that combines signs, symbols, and speech the study highlights the potential of integrating similar techniques into game design to enhance accessibility and engagement for SEN learners. The philosophical understanding of Maya, which emphasises the illusory nature of multiplicity, serves as a theoretical framework to understand how a single character can embody multiple roles within a game, providing a consistent yet diverse learning experience. This approach not only aids in language comprehension but also fosters emotional and social development through relatable Non-Player Characters (NPCs) designed to interact meaningfully with learners. The study posits that incorporating these elements can create immersive, emotionally resonant educational experiences and the development of parasocial relationship between the learner and the digital intervention, that better meet the needs of SEN students, ultimately leading to more inclusive and effective language learning environments. Children simultaneously navigate multiple roles and perspectives, each reflecting a different aspect of reality in make-believe play. The critical importance of integrating this cognitive theoretical framework similar to that into the design of NPCs in educational video games is highlighted in this research. The paper argues that the paradigms of ‘multiplicity of mirrors’, when effectively incorporated into NPC design, can reflect different aspects of language, culture, and social interaction, offering learners a more immersive and multifaceted learning experience.

Philosophical understanding of interpersonal conflicts in professional activities

Philosophical understanding of interpersonal conflicts in professional activities

The Infl uence of Trickster Behavior in the Media Space on the Dynamics of Cultural Industries

The trend of media consumption in recent years has been the sharp interest of the mass audience in communication and entertainment. This practice can also be traced in the dynamics of the development of cultural industries, where the emergence of new words (“blog”, “podcast”, “hashtag”, etc.) is noted. This indicates that the media continues to play a huge role in the production and preferences of certain cultural products. Under the infl uence of mediatization, there is a steady demand for behavioral models that, based on humor, irony or deception, contribute to changing the existing order. One of these models is trickster behavior. Such actions in the society of impressions are perceived as a form of entertainment. The purpose of this article is to attempt a philosophical understanding of such transformations in public consciousness and media consumption in the context of cultural and economic dynamics. My thesis is that the trickster, who is a universal archetypal fi gure immersed in a socio-cultural context, plays an important role both in mythology and in religion, culture, media, economics, and politics. It serves as a unifying principle in the process of forming the social memory of peoples, exposing the negative qualities of man and society, showing the level of existing values and morality. Sociocultural, semiotic, historiosophical, communicative and psychoanalytic approaches have been applied to the study of trickster behavior. As a result of the research, manipulative tactics used by tricksters in the media space have been identifi ed, which make it possible to implement a strategy of theatricality: in behavior and speech on the verge of “norm – outrageousness”, an unconventional vision of the situation, a reaction to the challenges of social reality, the introduction of new cultural mythologies into public consciousness. The infl uence of their actions on the formation of sociocultural stereotypes is noted. The study expands the understanding of trickster behavior through the prism of established trends in media consumption and reproduction of cultural products (movies, games, blogs, performances by media personalities, etc.). The relevance of the trickster model of behavior is justifi ed by the digitalization and mediatization of the space of human existence. Keywords: trickster, trickster behavior, cultural industries, archetype, cultural mythologies

Scientific heritage of Ippolit Vasilievich Davydovsky: issues of gerontology in the light of general pathology

Ippolit Vasilyevich Davydovsky is an outstanding pathologist, academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, professor, who made a tremendous contribution to the creation of the basic postulates of modern pathological anatomy. He chose the study of gerontology as one of the areas of his scientific interests. This topic is quite relevant today since gerontology is beginning to become a separate medical specialtyin domestic medicine. The authors analyze the aspects disclosed in the monograph “Gerontology”, as well as the ideas presented in other works on the issues described above. An overview of the main theories and provisions that were proposed by I.V. Davydovsky during the development of his scientific career is provided. The importance of a comprehensive study of gerontology, which is inextricably linked with other branches of medicine, is emphasized. The natural philosophical understanding of the aging process is considered. The problem of atherosclerosis in geriatrics is described separately. In addition to gerontology, the article provides examples of other fundamental works by I.V. Davydovsky: a textbook on general human pathology, which focuses on the inseparability of pathomorphology and pathophysiology as components of one discipline; a monograph dedicated to organopathology, which provides a generalized understanding of the pathogenesis of diseases of the human body. Thus, the scientist sought to dialogue with clinicians in his published works, thereby promoting the clinical-anatomical direction. The view of the community of pathologists on the scientific activity of I.V. Davydovsky, one of the brightest representatives of his specialty, is interesting.

ABU RAYHON BERUNIY QARASHLARINING FALSAFIY TAFAKKUR RIVOJLANISHIDAGI AHAMIYATI

This article is devoted to the important role of the ontological and epistemological views and teachings of Abu Rayhan Beruni, the great thinker of the Renaissance in Central Asia, in the philosophical understanding of the rings in the society of that time.

25 YEARS OF THE NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION POLICY (PNEA): A CASE STUDY ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF FORMAL ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION IN THE DAILY SCHOOL LIFE OF 120 PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF CABO FRIO, RJ

Objective: The objective of this study is to carry out a critical analysis of the National Environmental Education Policy based on a Case Study with 120 Teachers who are in the classroom, in Public Schools of the Education Network in the Municipality of Cabo Frio, RJ, Brazil. Theoretical Reference: There are several theories and authors who research and write about EA. Historically, it can be said that the first person studied to describe and teach about AE was Raquel Carson, in her book “Silecious Spring” where she described the problems caused by pesticides. Subsequently, there were several international meetings that gave rise to treaties and guidelines on the predatory way in which man deals with the environment in his capitalist model of production. Among the multilateral documents signed by Brazil is the EA Treaty. Currently, we have in practice the EAF resulting from philosophical understandings arising from Federal Law No. 9,795/99 “the EA law”. In contrast to the traditional EA model, our main source of analysis is the theories of “Critical EA”, aimed at building knowledge, awareness, critical cognitions and autonomy of people in relation to their interaction with environmental goods in a sustainable and sustainable way. perennial. Method: The methodology adopted for this research comprises exploratory field research. The technique used in the research was the “Case Study”. The quantitative method was used in the analysis of data obtained from the application of the field research instrument, namely: the questionnaire. Being applied to this statistical analysis. Each proposed question generated a table and a graph where the statistical percentages of the responses of the Teachers who answered the questionnaire are presented. A quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results was then carried out. Results and Discussion: The results obtained confirm the hypotheses raised, as they demonstrate a lack in the training of undergraduates in undergraduate courses in relation to the EA theme, as well as an incipient and ineffective practice of formal EA in the daily lives of the Teachers surveyed. Implications of the Research: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are visible given the demonstration of a reality of the researched that is replicated throughout the education network of the researched municipality and possibly of Public School Teachers throughout the State of RJ. Originality/Value: This study significantly contributes to enriching the theory and practice of EAF, as it portrays the current scenario of teaching practice in relation to EAF in municipal schools with actuality and truth, demonstrating the obstacles, flaws and ways to be taken to make a constitutional right effective, namely the right to EA.

Hans Jonas’s image theory

ABSTRACT This essay explores Jonas’s multifaceted and rich enquiries into the notion of image. In particular, it argues that reflecting on the “image” helps Jonas clarify the unique condition of human existence, where the twine of thought and being reveals a paradoxical (and yet crucial) relationship between time and eternity, change and permanence, immanence and transcendence. The employ of the interpretative device provided by the image enables a nuanced understanding of the human complexity which goes beyond the partial and reductive descriptions of relativistic immanentism, on the one hand, and immutable transcendence, on the other. By commenting upon its anthropological, aesthetic, and ethical significance, we propose that the study of Jonas’s thoughts on the image not only offers valuable insights into the philosophical understanding of such a fascinating object, but also sheds a new and interesting light on the unity of his oeuvre.

Ecological motivation for cultural and philosophical understanding of color categorization

Ecological motivation for cultural and philosophical understanding of color categorization

СОЦІАЛЬНА ВІДПОВІДАЛЬНІСТЬ МІФОЛОГІЇ В РЕКЛАМІ

The issues of mythologization of consciousness in our time are considered, which is associated with crisis conditions of life, when a person cannot, on the basis of rationalism, explain changes in the existence of society and appeals to irrational factors, including myths and archetypes. This phenomenon is actively used for the purpose of influence in various fields, including advertising, which determines the purpose of this study - to carry out a philosophical and psychological understanding of the use of images of myths and archetypes in the field of advertisingThe study raises the problems of balancing the components of the rational, real and mythological in the field of advertising; influence on the formation of consumer consciousness; social responsibility of advertising. Based on a study of the use of images of myths and archetypes in advertising, it is shown that the effectiveness of using symbols designed by advertising creators is determined by the fact that the mythological worldview is a type of a person’s syncretic view of the world, when for him there are no fundamental differences between the image created under the influence of myth-making, and objective reality.Therefore, information conveyed by images of myths and archetypes is easily perceived, as if it seems simplified and designed for irrational perception, symbolic modeling of existence. It is concluded that appealing to myths and archetypes in advertising makes it possible to set value orientations, sets of sociocultural norms, appeal to social memory and collective experience, model a system of values, approve certain models of behavior, which actualizes the issue of social responsibility of mythogenesis.

THE INFLUENCE OF MYTHOLOGY ON MODERN SOCIAL AND MARKET COMMUNICATIONS

The problems of the influence of the second generation of myths on the consciousness of man and society are considered. The study is conditioned by the growing influence of the latest political and social myths, which are created on the basis of archetypes that formed the cultural foundations of modern civilisations. Crisis situations in society, when individuals in society are unable to explain the events taking place from the point of view of reason, intensify irrational factors in the interpretation of existence, which actualises the appeal to the philosophical understanding of modern mythogenesis.The study shows that the creators of second-generation myths (newer myths that use the archetypes of first-generation myths) can have a different impact on society. By creating social myths, they can either help an individual to identify with a particular culture, social group, etc., contribute to unifying society, stabilising it and mobilising people’s efforts to achieve common goals, or lead to intolerance towards other groups in society. Destructive myth-making can be used by certain groups to destabilise and divide society.Based on a study of the impact of modern myth-making on the consciousness of individuals and society, the author concludes that the destructive influence of second-generation myths can only be countered if individuals are better acquainted with the history, culture, customs and traditions of other nations, which will allow them to rationally explain the content of myths. A philosophical understanding of the content of myths helps to be critical of their content, to understand the hidden meanings of their symbols, and to recognise in whose interests certain views and concepts are imposed.

Problems of philosophical and ethical understanding of criminal acts of a person

Problems of philosophical and ethical understanding of criminal acts of a person

The heroism as a philosophical and sociological concept in spatio-temporal dimension

The article presents the results of an interdisciplinary study of heroism, in which philosophers and sociologists took part. The study consists of two stages — a theoretical understanding of heroism and an empirical pilot study of heroism in the assessment of Russians. This article is devoted to the coverage of the first, theoretical stage of the study. It presents a semiotic analysis of heroism from the point of view of the concept of the chronotope in Western European and Asian cultures, and deduces the constants of the national semantics of the hero, heroism and the heroic. The dynamics of changing the meanings of the heroic, deed and feat is traced. The sociological part, continuing the philosophical understanding of heroism within the framework of the chronotope concept, considers the phenomenon of heroism through a social relationship, following N.K. Mikhailovsky vector. To comprehend the relationship between the hero and the crowd, such sociological approaches as creative and relational theories of social action are used, the provisions of P. Donati’s relational sociology are used.

The Implications of Attunement and Understanding on Heidegger’s Viewpoint in Education

Heidegger in attunement and understanding quests genuine Dasein who disclosed to the world authentically. Definitely, Heidegger’s genuine Dasein is distant from Descartes subject and not considering its relationship with the world and people base on subject- object relationship. It is aware of its worldliness and its understanding of it, therefore cannot consider itself superior than other race and people or like the modern man cannot consider itself a model for others. Thus, it is possible to establish human relationships that are no longer based on the subject-object relationship. Hence, in this essay, these basic existentialia of human being studied and its educational implications are examined. As a philosophical research, attunement and understanding from Heidegger’s viewpoint are declared, and then in educational context some guidelines such as attention to students’ mood, interest, understanding, and interpreting are inferred for policy makers and for an effective curriculum. Moreover, drawing hermeneutical cycle of understanding the importance of students’ preconceptions is raised. Elaborating the process of evaluating and the worlds involved in learning canalso help teachers to be more fair and effective which are discussed in the paper.

Phenomenology and the Concept of Consciousness

Purpose: The general objective of the study was to explore phenomenology and the concept of consciousness. Methodology: The study adopted a desktop research methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library. Findings: The findings reveal that there exists a contextual and methodological gap relating to phenomenology and the concept of consciousness. Preliminary empirical review revealed a complex relationship between subjective experience and cognitive and neural mechanisms. It demonstrated that phenomenology, focusing on first-person perspectives and intentionality, offers a robust framework for understanding consciousness as an active, embodied engagement with the world. The integration of phenomenological insights with cognitive science and neuroscience provided a comprehensive view, correlating subjective reports with neural activity. This approach proved valuable in clinical settings, enhancing mental health interventions by focusing on individual experiences. The study highlighted the promise of ongoing interdisciplinary research to advance both scientific and philosophical understandings of consciousness. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The Theory of Intentionality, Embodies Cognition Theory and Global Workspace Theory may be used to anchor future studies on phenomenology and the concept of consciousness. The study recommended further development of theoretical frameworks integrating phenomenology with cognitive neuroscience, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary research collaborations. It suggested incorporating phenomenological approaches into mental health practices to enhance patient-centered care and advocated for training healthcare professionals in these methods. The study also advised policymakers to integrate phenomenological findings into mental health policies and prioritize funding for programs that recognize subjective experiences. Lastly, it highlighted the need for future research to explore long-term effects, cultural factors, and new neuroimaging techniques to advance the understanding of consciousness.

Philosophical understanding of Russian-language poetry of Central Asia and the East

Introduction: The cultures of Central Asia have been intertwined with Russian culture for many centuries. Many Russian-speaking poets of this region have left a serious contribution to the development of several cultures at the same time. Objectives: The aim of this study is to identify the main philosophical meanings and contexts that unite the creative heritage of Russian-speaking poets of Central Asia and the Far East.Methods: To achieve this goal, the historical method, comparative method, and hermeneutic analysis are used. The authors of the article also refer to the concept of archetypes, introduced into literary studies from the psychoanalytical approach.Results: In the course of the study, it is determined that many Russian-speaking poets of these regions adopted the Asian cultural code, in connection with which the themes of “the call of the Motherland”, “metaphysics of the Great Steppe”, “Eastern City”, nomadic way of life, as well as a special, close to Asian, perception of time and eternity appear in their texts. These archetypes were added to Russian culture mainly under the influence of Eastern trends and the activities of emigrant and bilingual poets.Conclusions: The study contributes to the study of Russian-language poetry, as well as the poetic field of Central Asia and the Far East. It also touches upon the theme of the peculiarities of the formation of the writer’s identity in a bilingual environment and the theme of the dialogue of cultures, interethnic exchange of cultural code

Philosophical and practical understanding of the quality of medical education in the Russian Federation: analysis of the opinions of students and practicing doctors

Introduction. The transformation of higher medical education, caused by the rapid development of medical technologies and growing social demands on the healthcare system, requires research into students’ ideas about quality education, their assessments and expectations, since students’ understanding of the learning process can have a significant impact on the development of student motivation and medical professionalism. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current system of higher medical education in the Russian Federation based on survey data from senior students, residents, and practicing doctors. Materials and methods. The survey involved 350 respondents (senior students, residents, practicing physicians) mainly from Moscow medical higher education institutions. Statistical analysis was carried out using the software StatTech v. 3.0.4. Methods of mathematical statistics: U-Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, χ2 -Pearson tests. Results. It was revealed that only 52% of respondents consider the amount of theoretical knowledge acquired at a higher education institution under a specialty program to be sufficient. Students and graduates of the pediatric faculty more often consider the amount of theoretical training sufficient compared to respondents from the medical and dental faculties (p < 0.001). Only half of the respondents are satisfied with the quality of the education received. Students and graduates of the Faculty of Pediatrics more often stated that they use the knowledge and skills acquired during practical training in their professional activities (p < 0.001). Students and graduates of medical faculties of non-core Moscow universities and Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov are most satisfied with the amount of theoretical knowledge received within the framework of the specialty program compared to students and graduates of other higher education institutions (p < 0.001). Conclusion. The results of this study may be valuable for government agencies that determine strategies for the development of higher medical education in Russia, as well as for university leaders who plan targets for the development of educational activities with an emphasis on involving students in the educational process.

Digital mind and human consciousness: integration of digital technology in shaping learning experiences

Introduction. As education evolves in the digital age, integrating technology into teaching and learning has become pivotal. This digital transformation carries profound implications for youth experiences and cognition warranting extensive research. This study aimed to elucidate the impact of embedded digital technologies and online tools on learning experiences and consciousness among Kazakhstani and Turkish youth. Specifically, it sought to examine the relationship between key variables and interpret the findings through robust philosophical frameworks spanning critical theory to pragmatism. Study participants and methods. The study surveyed 90 bachelor's and master's students from reputable Kazakhstani and Turkish universities, examining the relationship between digital integration, online tools, learning experiences and human consciousness. Quantitative analysis entailed correlation and regression techniques. Robust philosophical frameworks spanning critical theory to axiology anchored the investigation. The results. Strong positive correlations emerged between all variables – learning experiences, online tools, digital integration and human consciousness (range of r = 0.660 to 0.834). This tight alignment implies technology integration fundamentally transforms education by enabling more interactive, creative and personalized learning. Likewise, extensive online tool use strongly associates with peer collaboration, global awareness and analytical thinking, suggesting enhanced cognition. However, ethical risks around misinformation and critical analysis diminishment must be addressed. Regression analysis further evidenced the significant positive impact of digitalization on consciousness (p < 0.001), underscoring its promise. Yet equitable governance is essential to ensure prudent oversight alongside optimization. Overall, given judicious and ethical implementation, embedded digital tools demonstrate immense potential to enrich diverse student experiences and minds. Conclusions. This pioneering analysis enriches philosophical understanding of how embedded digital tools are transforming youth learning and minds. The robust correlations substantiate prevailing assumptions that judicious technology integration fundamentally expands interactive, creative education opportunities aligned with students' needs and interests. The findings also reinforce sociocultural notions of peer socialization in virtual environments catalyzing enriched consciousness. However, risks around misinformation and critical analysis diminishment temper techno-utopian visions, compelling context-attuned governance frameworks. Key contributions include illuminating these complex dynamics and ethical dimensions within Muslim-majority nations. Overall, the research carries profound practical implications for pedagogical digital competence models, assessment mechanisms, and proactive policies prioritizing equitable access and ethical digital literacy. As education evolves for digital native generations, optimizing technology’s merits while mitigating its risks remains an imperative, multifaceted challenge.