Philosophical Perspective Research Articles

Educational Thought of Islamic Philosophers Perspective of Islamic Philosophy of Education

The true goal of education is to increase human competency, which is achieved through the application of different information and skills that humans themselves require. The goal of education is to support students' human potential development. Education is seen by Indonesians as the country's battle. History has demonstrated that ties and exchanges with the Islamic civilization, which is presently undergoing growth, are inextricably linked to the highs and lows of education. With the rise of Islamic education ideas, this is undeniable. History reveals that the Abbasid period, which reached its zenith, is when Islamic educational philosophy started to take shape. The idea of education, which includes children's education, educational objectives, and educational principles, was first articulated by Al-Qabisi.It is impossible to learn about other objects that have a higher ontological status, namely immaterial reality, without the presence of the five senses, according to Ikhwan As-Shafa. Only the five senses are capable of perceiving objects in the form of material-physical reality that are present in space and time. metaphysical. The As-Shafa Brotherhood's profound admiration of the senses demonstrates the significant influence of Aristotelianism in their epistemological thought. In this regard, they even venture to promise that, provided all circumstances are met, there will be no errors made by the senses.

Rock and China: From Cui Jian to Second Hand Rose

Whether its mainland Chinas Hao Fang or Taiwans Zhang Tiezhi, they are both committed to constructing a resistance narrative to describe the rise and development of rock music. [1] Zhang Tiezhi believes that the emergence of rock music in mainland China has already carried the banner of enlightenment. [2] He also mentioned that rock music, together with poetry, films, the documentary River Elegy, and the book series Toward the Future, collectively constituted the enlightenment power of the chaotic era. [2] However, as part of the cultural mosaic of mainland China in the 1980s, how was rock music shaped, reconstructed, and utilized in the power system of commerce, culture, and politics? How does rock music interact and create tension with other cultural phenomena? With the tremendous changes in Chinese society in the 21st century, facing different historical contexts, has Chinese rock music also undergone changes? Unfortunately, Zhang did not delve into these questions seriously, and at the same time, mainland Chinese rock musicians have not included these questions in their thinking. This paper selects Cui Jian and the Second Hand Rose band as representatives of Chinese rock music in different periods. Through the theoretical perspectives of political philosophy, sociology, and history, it analyzes their lyrical texts and historical backgrounds, delving into Cui Jians unique understanding of revolution and capitalism as a rock superstar of the 1980s, and how this understanding has shaped the unique sensory structure of Chinese rock musicians. At the same time, this paper aims to provide some insights for the future development of Chinese rock music.

MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DALAM PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA: PERSPEKTIF FILSAFAT DAN ADVERSITY QUOTIENT

This study aims to explain critical thinking skills in solving mathematics problems using a philosophical perspective, especially from Progressive Education Theory and Adversity Quotient. The research method used is a literature study by utilising primary data in the form of books, online journals, and seminars that discuss critical thinking skills, problem solving, John Dewey's Progressive Education Theory, and Adversity Quotient. The results of data analysis show that critical thinking skills have a central role in dealing with mathematical problems. John Dewey's Progressive Education Theory can be a guide for teachers in choosing learning models that encourage students' active involvement in the learning process in the classroom. Meanwhile, Adversity Quotient has a positive influence on critical thinking ability.

Faces of Evil: A Philosophical Inquiry into the Igbo-African Understanding

The concept of evil is a complex and multifaceted idea that has been debated and studied by philosophers, theologians, and anthropologists for centuries. In the Igbo-African worldview, evil is understood through a tripartite framework consisting of the metaphysical, ethical, and moral dimensions. This paper provides a philosophical examination of these three dimensions of evil in the Igbo-African worldview. The metaphysical dimension explores the origins and nature of evil as a force in the world. The ethical dimension examines the moral responsibility of individuals for their actions and the consequences that arise from those actions. Finally, the moral dimension explores the role of society and community in shaping our understanding of good and evil. Through a careful examination of these three dimensions, this paper offers a comprehensive philosophical perspective on evil in the Igbo-African worldview.

Neo-humanism and the Modern World: A Philosophical Perspective through the Lens of Philip Roth's Everyman

Everyman by Philip Roth is a realistic work that covers the life of an unnamed Jewish American from childhood to adulthood in a bildungsroman style, slowly revealing mundaneness in every element of life and potentially being related to "Everyman" who exists in the world. An individual's self-centered focus and an abundance of ideas that examine his very existence and the proportion of significance he has had in the lives of those around him relate to the exciting phases of life that parallel the universal narrative of marriage, divorce, betrayal, sex, regret, emptiness, introspection, anxiety, ageing illness, and death. Everyman by Philip Roth makes many allusions to the memories and experiences of immigrants. It speaks to people who live lives torn between the past and the present, between freedom and religion, and between finding transcendence through humanism rather than via faith in God. It also talks on the ideological conflicts that have developed between dads and sons as a result of contemporary upheavals. The potential conclusion of the study is that modern humanism is founded on this through negation in the creation and consumption of texts, on the notion that human civilization is not monolithic but rather multifaceted and dynamic, meaning that understanding it requires a long gaze through immense time and the novel perspectives of modernity.

Ubuntu leadership as a predictor of employee engagement: A South African study

Orientation: Ubuntu leadership is increasingly being promoted as a suitable leadership philosophy for South African workplaces, necessitating further exploration of its application and outcomes.Research purpose: This study thus investigates Ubuntu leadership as a predictor of employee engagement (EE) in the South African context, considering ethnicity, age and tenure as moderating variables.Motivation for the study: The necessity to study perceptions of Ubuntu leadership and its influence of EE lies in the need to understand how this culturally rooted leadership style can enhance organisational performance, employee well-being and inclusivity in diverse workplaces.Research approach/design and method: The study adhered to a positivist philosophical perspective, employing a descriptive research design with a quantitative approach. Data were collected from 193 South African participants through a self-administered online questionnaire.Main findings: The study findings indicated that the practice of Ubuntu leadership, as perceived by employees, significantly predicted EE.Practical/managerial implications: Organisational leaders and managers hold a crucial role in shaping the workplace environment, and their acknowledgment of Ubuntu leadership’s fundamental principles, such as fostering authentic relationships, empathy, collaboration and respect, has the potential to boost EE.Contribution/value-add: The research outcomes offer valuable insights into how Ubuntu leadership can enhance EE and provide proactive measures for its implementation

SEM for exploring pragmatism applied to context of business decision making

Pragmatism, as a philosophical perspective, emphasizes practical consequences and real-world outcomes in decision-making processes. In the context of business, pragmatism advocates for solutions that are not only theoretically sound but also feasible and effective in practice. This approach underscores the importance of flexibility, adaptability, and responsiveness to changing circumstances. In essence, pragmatism encourages decision-makers to prioritize results over rigid adherence to preconceived notions or theoretical constructs. SEM provides a methodological framework that aligns well with the principles of pragmatism. By allowing for the simultaneous examination of multiple relationships and variables, SEM enables researchers and decision-makers to construct comprehensive models that capture the complexity of real-world scenarios. Moreover, SEM facilitates the integration of both observed and latent variables, thereby accommodating the nuanced and multifaceted nature of business phenomena. IBM SPSS Amos software aids in conducting structural equation modeling, facilitating the application of standard multivariate techniques such as correlation analysis and covariance analysis. These three constructs are established through the use of questionnaires. A positive correlation indicates a more robust relationship. A company is deliberating between two manufacturing processes for a new product line. Decision-making in manufacturing, especially when choosing between two manufacturing processes for a new product line, is intricate and involves various factors.

Teaching religious stories in lower primary school: a Norwegian case study of 8-year-old students’ perception of the Moses narratives

ABSTRACT This study investigates the instruction of religious stories of Judaism at the primary school level in a Norwegian educational setting, with a focus on the perceptions of 8-year-old students regarding narratives about Moses. By integrating classroom observations and student interviews, it examines the teacher’s pedagogical approach in instruction and how this influences students’ perceptions. In addition, it explores student’s ability to engage and express themselves independently in encounter with the stories. Theoretical perspectives of philosophy of language, particularly Bakhtin and Taylor, are employed to analyse students’ expressions and perceptions. The findings are situated within the broader context of international research on teaching religious stories in elementary education. International literature highlights the pedagogical benefits of using stories to engage students in critical thinking and foster an understanding of religious narratives. The article aims to contribute to a nuanced understanding of how the youngest students navigate and interpret religious instructional material as well as their comprehension of the reasons for learning about Moses. Overall, this study contributes to a comprehension on how the youngest students engage with religious narratives and sheds light on teacher’s pedagogical approaches in RE instruction at the lower primary level.

AESTHETICS OF JACKAL’S JUDGEMENTS IN THE FOLKTALES OF TRIBAL COMMUNITIES OF JHARKHAND

Aesthetics, the philosophical perspective that guides the interpretation of an art or its elements for beauty and taste, is not as a simple tool as it appears to be, and its complexity rests on its association with multiple principles and concerns. As located by Immanuel Kant in his The Critique of Judgement Kant (1790/1928), the presence of faculty of judgement consists two parts: ‘critique of aesthetic judgement and critique of teleological judgement,’ and there is a discussion on the ‘aesthetic purposiveness’ in judgement which is presented immediately after the discussion on the ‘logical purposiveness’ in the introduction. In handling the aesthetics of art, it is not merely an expression of the feeling or the sense of taste; rather it is a judgement ascribed to it. Teleology, on the other hand, moves on the regulative or heuristic path in achieving a goal or purpose of the object Bird (2023). However, this article moves away from the core philosophical dialogue on the nature of aesthetics to evolve a framework for contemplating the aesthetics associated with the presence of animal characters in the folktales of judicial/judgement belonging to the tribal communities of Jharkhand. A few judgement tales are taken for this study, not with any specific reason, but these tales have been identified as a matter of convenience in addressing a strong message that is constructed using the popular animal motifs that are quite common and particular to tribal communities in the state. By employing literary tools in delineating and portraying the animal characters as folk motifs and their aesthetic representations to effectively construct and convey the notion of moral judgement on the narrative events that are conditioned with the narrative requirements as per the narrative programme, this article attempts contemporize the dialogue on the moral and ethical attributes as well as to signify the existence of oral tradition with greater responsibility for human beings with amusement as a mere camouflage technique.

Hope Springs Eternal: Political Engagement in a Post-Anarchist Utopia

ABSTRACT Post-anarchism poses a profound challenge to the fundamental tenets of traditional anarchism, particularly its veneration of science and reason, its overarching narrative of human emancipation, and its reliance on a sanguine conception of innate human goodness. However, this challenge inadvertently erodes the utopian aspirations inherent in traditional anarchism, leaving a conspicuous absence of a tangible alternative. Yet, a sense of utopia remains integral to the impetus for political engagement. This article seeks to address the implicit quandary of political engagement within post-anarchism by examining the works of Max Stirner through the lens of existentialism. By juxtaposing Stirner’s notions of involuntary egoism, ownness, the un-man, and insurrection with the philosophical perspectives of Sartre, Camus, and De Beauvoir, we discover that, despite its anti-political inclination, post-anarchism finds solace in the tragic and ceaseless nomadic pursuit of societal amelioration.

Negative Alienation of Artificial Intelligence and Its Solution

In the era of artificial intelligence, the negative alienation of artificial intelligence has become increasingly prominent, which has delayed the development of human beings to a certain extent. The main reason is that human beings gradually ignore their own subjective initiative and lack rational understanding of human civilization, which is a problem that human beings need to face and solve. From the perspective of philosophy, to overcome the negative alienation of artificial intelligence, it is necessary to clarify the dominant position of human beings and rationally understand human civilization, so as to better promote the harmonious development of human beings and artificial intelligence, nature and society.

Problems of Islamic education: Analysis of philosophical perspectives

This research explores educational issues in the context of the study of Islamic educational philosophy. Involving classical traditions to modern adaptations, this philosophical reflection details the conflict between traditional values and the demands of the times. The challenges are not only conceptual, but also practical, such as aligning religious teachings with modern educational needs. This research method uses an educational qualitative approach through literature study to explain problems in the study of Islamic educational philosophy. The discussion includes the basic ideas, objectives, functions and urgency of Islamic educational philosophy, as well as the concept of education in madrasas. Solutions to the problem include strengthening the curriculum, policy direction for madrasa development, and scientific integration. In closing, the issues of ontology, epistemology and axiology in Islamic education are studied, describing the dynamics of Divine and Human values as well as educational methods from the perspective of Islamic educational philosophy.

유아 STEAM교육과 비주얼 리터러시 활동 연계의 교육적 함의

Objectives The purpose of this study is to explore the need for visual literacy education in the field of early childhood education and to present the educational implications about linking early childhood STEAM education and visual literacy activities.
 Methods For this purpose, domestic and foreign academic journal papers, theses, research reports, and books related to visual literacy and STEAM education were analyzed. Through this, the social background of visual literacy and the concept of its components were understood, and the meaning of the link with early childhood visual literacy activities and STEAM education was explored.
 Results First, the concepts of visual literacy presented by various scholars were organized, the components were compared and analyzed, and the components were classified into six categories. Second, it has been confirmed that visual literacy education for young children in Korea is still at a basic level, and that visual literacy education is included in the school curriculum as part of media education in countries such as Australia, the United Kingdom, and Germany. Third, the need to provide visual literacy education from early childhood was confirmed, and the possibility of improving educational effectiveness through linking early childhood STEAM education and visual literacy activities was explored.
 Conclusions Through this study, the need for visual literacy education to proceed from early childhood was revealed, and the educational implications of visual literacy in early childhood education were presented from a philosophical and educational perspective. In addition, the educational meaning of linking early childhood STEAM education and visual literacy activities was presented from a social and educational perspective. This is meaningful in that it can contribute to cultivating the core competencies of convergence talent required in the future society.

Recipes for Happiness: Conversations on Happiness and Well-being in the School Environment

Background: Since ancient times, the debate around happiness has been present in philosophical reflections. In the face of an increasingly complex society, impacted by several crisis, the need and urgency to debate conceptualizations of happiness and well-being is evident, and educational institutions may play a relevant role in this process. Objective: Considering philosophical and current psychological perspectives on well-being, this paper seeks to analyze children’s perceptions of happiness through the analysis of an anthology of recipes for happiness created by elementary school children in a public school in Brazil. Methodology: A qualitative analysis was carried out based on the content of 15 recipes for happiness, produced by 6th grade students at a federal public school in Brazil. Content analysis was conducted associating the thematic categories of the article “children’s conceptualizations of happiness” with the ingredients of the recipes for happiness. Results: Among the corpus of recipes analyzed in the study, positive feelings were present in 86.7% of the recipes, followed by positive self (66.7%), then friendship (46.7%), and leisure (33.3%). Conclusion: The results demonstrate writing recipes for happiness can be considered an effective intervention to articulate the debate about well-being in the school environment. Furthermore, understanding children's perceptions of happiness can be important data for developing well-being policies in schools.

Ontological relativity and conceptual analysis as theoretical frameworks for epistemic injustice: Exploring applications

AbstractThis article introduces a novel theoretical framework for addressing epistemic injustice—a phenomenon where certain groups or individuals are systematically excluded from knowledge creation and dissemination processes—by employing ontological relativity and conceptual analysis. “Ontological relativity” refers to a philosophical perspective that posits our understanding of reality as being shaped by our toolbox of concepts, categories, language, and social practices; “conceptual analysis” is a method of inquiry that involves the rigorous examination and deconstruction of a particular concept or set of concepts in order to uncover their constituent elements, relationships, and underlying assumptions. To exemplify the effectiveness of the ontology‐based approach, two paradigmatic applications are explored: (a) educational practices and (b) clinical practice and access to health care. Through the presentation of these applications and the step‐by‐step illustration of the applied methodology, the aim of the article is to showcase the efficacy of ontology in tackling epistemic injustices, suggesting innovative paths for future research in this domain.

Aesthetic Discussion of Music Art from Philosophical Perspective

"Chinese music" is a grand concept, only from a point of view cannot fully understand its essence and value. Using cultural philosophy to deeply analyze the birth and development track of Chinese music art is based on a new way of thinking to interpret the art form. Throughout the development history of music aesthetics at home and abroad, philosophical speculation in music aesthetics has always been the theoretical basis for academic circles to focus on. Starting from the objective mechanism of music development, the epistemology and methodology of philosophy have always been the foundation of the development of music aesthetics. Since then, music, aesthetics and philosophy have been closely related to each other, forming a self-adapting paradigm system.

Beyond an anthropocentric view of praxis: towards education for planetary well-being

A number of philosophical perspectives, such as deep ecology, posthumanism, and new materialisms, to name a few, have challenged the deep-rooted anthropocentric assumptions about human exceptionalism. Yet these non-anthropocentric perspectives must still find a place for human action; they require clear conceptualisations of human action and agency. It is generally acknowledged that human beings have a weighty moral responsibility for correcting the current global ecological crisis. For more than two millennia, theories of praxis supplied conceptualisations of action for the good of humankind. In this paper, we argue that the non-anthropocentric perspectives can be substantially extended and enhanced by a new theory of transformative praxis that breaks through the anthropocentric limit imposed by the notion of ‘the good for humankind’ to embrace collective human action for planetary well-being. We call this approach a praxis orientation to environmental education.

Classroom communities for everyone

As people with power in schools, teachers and administrators make instructional decisions that shape opportunities in classrooms for students to learn. Educators’ words and actions, especially related to the treatment of students and their ideas, are foundational for creating equitable learning communities in our classrooms and schools. David Stroupe, Lindsay Berk, and Anna Kramer examine the creation and growth of learning communities through a particular lens of inequity: epistemic injustice. Briefly, epistemic injustice is a philosophical perspective that deals with inequities associated with knowledge and knowledge production practices. The authors provide concrete examples from two classrooms in which the teachers actively disrupt epistemic injustice.

Philosophical Perspectives on Galen of Pergamum. Four Case-Studies on Human Nature and the Relation between Body and Soul by Robert Vinkesteijn (review)

Philosophical Perspectives on Galen of Pergamum. Four Case-Studies on Human Nature and the Relation between Body and Soul by Robert Vinkesteijn (review)

Chongzhen Calendar Reform from the Perspective of Philosophy of Engineering

Chongzhen Calendar Reform from the Perspective of Philosophy of Engineering