Phil Brown Research Articles

Institutional Quality and Income Distribution

Institutional Quality and Income Distribution

Some Sociological Alternatives to Human Capital Theory and their Implications for Research on Post‐compulsory Education and Training [1

In contrast to human capital theory, a sociological theory of participation in education and training (ET) tries to take into account all of the factors which influence the dispositions of various groups towards ET. Ideal types of orientations towards ET can be generated within this theory and we offer some examples of such ideal types derived from studies of participation in post‐compulsory ET. In one ideal type, based on research in South Wales, individuals do not recognise utility in ET prior to employment and prefer to avoid it. This leaves the onus for the development of skills and knowledge on employers who will insist on very little but firm‐specific training. This ideal type may also be useful in an investigation of the social and cultural influences on patterns of ET elsewhere in the UK. We describe further ideal types and suggest that the ET that most closely resembles investment in human capital actually depends upon behaviour which is quite unlike the rational egoism envisaged by human capital theory. Conversely, behaviour which looks more like the behaviour of rational egoists is unlikely to produce what is generally meant when ET is described as investment in human capital. Further (historical) research in South Wales suggests that it is possible for cultural change to bring about change in the prevalent orientations to ET in a relatively short space of time, but policies designed to increase our investment in human capital without the benefit of the insights derived from a sociological theory are unlikely to achieve their stated objectives. [1] This article arises from work funded by ESRC grant no. L123251041. We are grateful to all those who have commented on various versions of this article but especially to John Furlong, Hugh Lauder, Francis Green, Phil Hodkinson, Phil Brown and Andy Green. Any errors occurring in this article are of course the responsibility of the authors

Mechanical Bloom Thinning as a Means to Reduce Hand Labor Needed to Thin Peaches

A Phil Brown Corporation, hydraulic operated rope thinner was evaluated in 1995 and 1997 to determine performance for bloom thinning under Alabama peach growing conditions. Using detailed pruned trees in 1995, the rope thinner removed 55% and 57% of the blooms from two double pass treatments and 42% from single pass. Thinning was 9% to 31% higher in the upper one-half of the fruiting zone. In 1997, nondetail pruned trees were used and ground speed was evaluated. Percent blooms removed by single pass were 28, 23, and 22 for 1.6, 3.2, and 4.8 km·h-1, respectively. Double pass clockwise removed 38% of the blooms at 3.2 km·h-1. Greatest time saving for follow-up hand thinning was 15 minutes per tree with double pass over hand-thinned only.

The Educational Benefits to Middle School Students Participating in a Student/Scientist Project

The Forest Watch Project developed by Barry Rock, a research scientist at the University of New Hampshire, and high school Biology teacher, Phil Brown, was generated in response to a real need in our communities to bring authentic science into the classrooms of our potential future researchers and expand the amount of data available to a worthwhile monitoring project. For the Middle School classroom teacher, Forest Watch has provided a vehicle with which to incorporate national and state standards throughout the seventh and eighth grade curriculum. It has provided teachers with the academic and material support to accomplish this. For students, the advantages are innumerable. Not only does the inquiry approach of the project give students the opportunity to solve problems, but they are also able to apply those skills to other situations. They are linked with other students throughout the New England region, comparing data and continuing in the program through high school. Students realize that research science is a long term process that requires patience and skill at all levels. Perhaps, for me, the most important advantage is the ability of the project to offer students the opportunity to affect their future. In doing this bit of real science, students feel as though they are being a proactive participant of their future. A final advantage of programs like Forest Watch is that they provide valuable data to research scientists participating in the student scientist partnership (SSP). Student measurements and sample collections provide access to data from a wide area that would not otherwise be available. "Wow!" "Neat!" "Can I see my house?" "Where's the road that the school is on?" "What do the colors mean?" "How far can I zoom in?" These are some of the enthusiastic questions seventh and eighth graders in Gilmanton raised when introduced to a Landsat satellite image of their community as part of the Forest Watch Program. This is the fifth year that Gilmanton has been actively involved in the program. Forest Watch has provided for us a longterm research/inuiry based approach to teaching Science at the Middle School level.

Books of Note

Abstract Toxic Nation: The Fight to Save Our Communities from Chemical Contamination by Fred Setterberg and Lonny Shavelson; John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1993; 302 pp., $22.95 cloth Reviewed by Phil Brown. Compass and Gyroscope: Integrating Science and Politics for the Environment by Kai N. Lee; Island Press, Washington, D.C., 1993; xii +244 pp., $24.95 cloth Reviewed by William C. Clark. Papers on International Environmental Negotiation, vol. 3 edited by Lawrence E. Susskind, William R. Moomaw, and Adil Najam; The Program on Negotiation at Harvard Law School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1993; 257pp., $15.00 paper Reviewed by Edith Brown Weiss. The Pesticide Question: Environment, Economics and Ethics edited by David Pimentel and Hugh Lehman; Routledge, Chapman and Hall, New York and London, 1993; 441 pp., $45.00 cloth Reviewed by Pierre Crosson.

No Safe Place: Toxic Waste, Leukemia, and Community Action, Phil Brown and Edwin J. Mikkelson. 1990. University of California, Berkeley, CA. $24.95

No Safe Place: Toxic Waste, Leukemia, and Community Action, Phil Brown and Edwin J. Mikkelson. 1990. University of California, Berkeley, CA. $24.95

Phil Brown, The transfer of care. Psychiatric deinstitutionalization and its afiermath, London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1985, 8vo, pp. xvi, 275, £19.95.

Phil Brown, The transfer of care. Psychiatric deinstitutionalization and its afiermath, London, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1985, 8vo, pp. xvi, 275, £19.95.

Transinstitutionalization, not Deinstitutionalization

Originally published in Contemporary Psychology: APA Review of Books, 1987, Vol 32(11), 974. Reviews the book, The Transfer of Care: Psychiatric Deinstitutionalization and its Aftermath by Phil Brown (1985). The author's plan of the text is well articulated. At the close of his opening chapter, “Current Problems and General Progress,” he lays out the Plan of the Book, itemizing the theme of each of the following eight chapters. In just two paragraphs, Brown ably summarizes the rationale for the title of his text, his theory, and the impact of the problems of mental health care delivery on patients and society. Even though this has largely centered around a new public-private alliance, it is a transfer of power and authority to a private sector which is less accountable to government and public scrutiny. Some of these transfers of care have been intended, while others have been wholly or largely unintended. The Transfer of Care will provide a comprehensive analysis of these phenomena. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)

The Transfer of Care: Psychiatric Deinstitutionalization and Its Aftermath—by Phil Brown; Routledge & Kegan Paul, London, 1985, 275 pages, $22.50

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article ArticleNo AccessThe Transfer of Care: Psychiatric Deinstitutionalization and Its Aftermath—by Phil Brown; Routledge & Kegan Paul, London, 1985, 275 pages, $22.50Jeffry J. AndresenJeffry J. AndresenSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:1 Apr 2006https://doi.org/10.1176/ps.37.10.1055-aAboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail "The Transfer of Care: Psychiatric Deinstitutionalization and Its Aftermath—by Phil Brown; Routledge & Kegan Paul, London, 1985, 275 pages, $22.50." Psychiatric Services, 37(10), pp. 1055-a–1056 Access content To read the fulltext, please use one of the options below to sign in or purchase access. Personal login Institutional Login Sign in via OpenAthens Purchase Save for later Item saved, go to cart PPV Articles - Psychiatric Services $35.00 Add to cart PPV Articles - Psychiatric Services Checkout Please login/register if you wish to pair your device and check access availability. Not a subscriber? Subscribe Now / Learn More PsychiatryOnline subscription options offer access to the DSM-5 library, books, journals, CME, and patient resources. This all-in-one virtual library provides psychiatrists and mental health professionals with key resources for diagnosis, treatment, research, and professional development. Need more help? PsychiatryOnline Customer Service may be reached by emailing [email protected] or by calling 800-368-5777 (in the U.S.) or 703-907-7322 (outside the U.S.). FiguresReferencesCited byDetailsCited byNone Volume 37Issue 10 October 1986Pages 1055-a-1056 Metrics PDF download History Published online 1 April 2006 Published in print 1 October 1986

Book Reviews : Mental Health Care and Social Policy by Phil Brown. Published by Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1985. Price: £12.95. Paper cover. Pp 416. ISBN: 0-7102-0472-8

Book Reviews : Mental Health Care and Social Policy by Phil Brown. Published by Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1985. Price: £12.95. Paper cover. Pp 416. ISBN: 0-7102-0472-8

Public policy failure in deinstitutionalization: A response to critics

Journal of Community PsychologyVolume 10, Issue 1 p. 90-94 Article Public policy failure in deinstitutionalization: A response to critics Phil Brown, Corresponding Author Phil Brown Brown UniversityDepartment of Sociology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912Search for more papers by this author Phil Brown, Corresponding Author Phil Brown Brown UniversityDepartment of Sociology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912Search for more papers by this author First published: January 1982 https://doi.org/10.1002/1520-6629(198201)10:1<90::AID-JCOP2290100117>3.0.CO;2-BAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume10, Issue1January 1982Pages 90-94 RelatedInformation