Inversion Phenomenon Research Articles

Структура вопросительного предложения с именным подлежащим во французском языке в диахронном аспекте

The article is focused on the study of interrogative sentences with a nominal subject in the French language in terms of structural criteria in a diachronic aspect. The purpose of this study is to reveal the features of the so-called complex inversion in interrogative sentences. Special attention is paid to terminological problems. Pronominal reprise is recognized by the authors as the most correct term for an interrogative construction with a nominal subject duplicated by a personal pronoun. The lack of uniformity in terminology indicates a multidimensional nature of the inversion phenomenon in the French language. For instance, in addition to interrogative sentences, it can be used in other contexts: in simple declarative sentences after certain adverbs, in subordinate clauses after some conjunctions, in exclamatory sentences, etc. The authors highlight and describe the characteristic features of interrogative sentences with a nominal subject in terms of diachrony. Pronominal reprise appears in interrogative constructions as early as in the 16th century, mainly in general questions, subsequently extending to special questions. In the 16th – 17th centuries, the subject did not regularly precede the verb; the same applied to interrogative words, which could be placed both to the left and to the right of the subject. In sentences with a nominal subject, reprise was not the only possible structural option. The following were also used: direct word order, construction question word + est-ce que, and simple inversion. The authors come to the conclusion that pronominal reprise had finally replaced simple inversion of the nominal subject in general questions in French by the end of the 17th century.

Studies on the Inversion Phenomenon of Physical Properties Observed in the Huagang Formation Reservoir in the Xihu Sag Based on the Water-Rock Reaction Experiments

Studies on the Inversion Phenomenon of Physical Properties Observed in the Huagang Formation Reservoir in the Xihu Sag Based on the Water-Rock Reaction Experiments

Study of signature inversion in 123,125I using Particle Rotor Model calculations

The phenomenon of signature inversion in positive parity yrast states of 123,125I nuclei has been studied using the Particle Rotor Model (PRM) calculations. The experimentally observed signature inversion is well reproduced from the PRM calculations. The change in the value of a triaxial parameter [Formula: see text] was observed after the inversion. The PRM calculations were also used to describe the reduced transition probabilities. The derived change in the value of “[Formula: see text]” (in Lund convention) after inversion is interpreted as the change in nuclear shape from near triaxial to tending towards noncollective oblate.

Seasonal oceanographic phenomenon promotes hitchhiking among the plankton in a coastal marine ecosystem: A tropical perspective

Epibiosis among plankton communities and the role of environmental forcing therein are discussed in this study. We hypothesized that a sub-surface thermal inversion phenomenon and associated hydrographical changes during winter monsoon promoted group/species-specific epibiosis among the plankton in the western Bay of Bengal. Plankton samples were collected from discrete depths along five transects placed perpendicular to the coast. Water column profiling revealed thermal inversion below the mixed layer depth along three southern transects (APB, APV and APK) and its absence along the two northern transects (ODP and ODG). Multivariate analysis revealed a significant difference in hydrographical properties between these areas. The warmer, highly saline waters of the thermal inversion layer, sandwiched at 10–20 m, between the colder, less saline waters of surface and bottom, supported higher density and diversity of epibionts on copepods and diatoms. The density of epibionts and intensity of epibiosis were significantly lower outside the thermal inversion layer and in the northern transects. Epibionts preferred copepods over diatoms and carnivorous/omnivorous copepods over herbivorous copepods of comparable size. These results suggest that hydrographical variability associated with thermal inversion during winter monsoon support epibiosis among the plankton in the coastal waters of the western Bay of Bengal (BoB). The present investigation is the first-ever study from a coastal marine ecosystem connecting hydrographical features with epibiosis among the plankton. Further studies are warranted to explore the higher frequency of epibiosis in the thermal inversion layer, the nutrient preference and indicator properties of epibionts, and their ecological role in the coastal and open ocean ecosystems.

Calculation of Electric Fields in HVDC Cables: Comparison of Different Models

This paper presents a comparison of different models used for calculations of electric field distributions in HVDC cable insulation. Calculated electric field and space charge distributions for a loaded 320 kV HVDC cable are compared with the experimental characteristics reported in the literature. Additionally, for selected models, a sensitivity of the results to variations of the model parameters is analyzed. It is noticed that the calculations utilizing the empirical expressions for the field and temperature dependent electric conductivities (Le., macroscopic approach) allowed for predicting so-called field inversion phenomena under DC stresses. It is found, however, that such models are not capable of predicting the magnitudes of the maximum field stress and polarity of the accumulated space charges accurately. Models based on bipolar charge transport (i.e., microscopic approach) in addition to the effects described by the macroscopic models, predict the experimentally observed accumulation of homo- and hetero-charge in the insulation reasonably well. It is concluded that the microscopic approach has been used with proper descriptions of the rates and parameters of physical processes of the transport, generation and losses of charged species in the bulk of the insulation, as well as of its interfaces, provides convincing electric field estimations for HVDC cables. Because of the uncertainty in model parameters, the accuracy of DC field calculations is less than the high accuracy of AC calculations for HVAC cables that we are used to.

Controlling factors of carbonate cement and its influence on oil-water distribution of the Neogene Shawan Formation in the northern Chepaizi area, Junggar Basin, NW China

The distribution of physical property of the Neogene Shawan Formation(N1s) in the north of Chepaizi area (Abbreviated as “Chebei area”) is characterized by “double peak”, which is mainly related to carbonate cements in the reservoirs. It is observed that the large amounts of early carbonate cements are present in thin sections, which are inhomogeneously filled in some primary intergranular pores and caused strong heterogeneity of the reservoir. On the basis of convent calculate of carbonate cement in core, AxioVision image analysis with multiple times and multiple fields of view was used to supplement the calculation of carbonate cement content, and the relative error compared with the core measurement result was −0.14, which effectively compensated for the lack of core measurement data points. The content of carbonate cement has been characterized by “higher in the north area and lower in the south area” on the plane. The carbonate cement is formed in closed diagenetic environment with good sealing ability and water body stagnated alternately. The closed diagenetic environment of the Shawan formation in Chebei area primed the environmental foundation for the growth of carbonate cements, and the abundant Ca2+ in the formation water primed the material foundation for the growth of carbonate cements. The difference in Ca2+ content in formation water determines the distribution difference of carbonate cements, and the diagenetic environment is the controlling factor for the development of carbonate cements. The complex oil-water distribution in the study area is principally related to the carbonate cementation. The super heavy oil with high viscosity cannot enter the low porosity and permeability reservoir with tough cementation, which is prone to the phenomenon of oil-water inversion.

Sign inversion phenomenon of voltage-induced tunnel magnetocapacitance

Tunnel magnetocapacitance (TMC) in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) has recently attracted interest due to unique properties, such as large magnetic response, thermal stability, and robustness to the bias voltage. In this Letter, we report the sign inversion phenomenon of TMC observed with frequency modulation and dc voltage application to MgO-based MTJs at room temperature. A negative TMC is observed in the frequency region of about kHz due to the appearance of spin capacitance. By applying a dc voltage (a few hundred mV) in this frequency region, the spin flip is promoted in the parallel configuration of MTJs. This results in the observation of the sign inversion of TMC from negative to positive. These physical pictures can be well explained by the calculation based on the modified Debye-Fröhlich model. Our research offers a deeper understanding of AC spin transports, DC spin accumulation, equilibrium and non-equilibrium spin dynamics.

Using sentiment analysis to predict opinion inversion in Tweets of political communication

Social media networks have become an essential tool for sharing information in political discourse. Recent studies examining opinion diffusion have highlighted that some users may invert a message's content before disseminating it, propagating a contrasting view relative to that of the original author. Using politically-oriented discourse related to Israel with focus on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, we explored this Opinion Inversion (O.I.) phenomenon. From a corpus of approximately 716,000 relevant Tweets, we identified 7147 Source–Quote pairs. These Source–Quote pairs accounted for 69% of the total volume of the corpus. Using a Random Forest model based on the Natural Language Processing features of the Source text and user attributes, we could predict whether a Source will undergo O.I. upon retweet with an ROC-AUC of 0.83. We found that roughly 80% of the factors that explain O.I. are associated with the original message's sentiment towards the conflict. In addition, we identified pairs comprised of Quotes related to the domain while their Sources were unrelated to the domain. These Quotes, which accounted for 14% of the Source–Quote pairs, maintained similar sentiment levels as the Source. Our case study underscores that O.I. plays an important role in political communication on social media. Nevertheless, O.I. can be predicted in advance using simple artificial intelligence tools and that prediction might be used to optimize content propagation.

Temporal and spatial evolution characteristics and driving mechanism of urban-rural inversion of population aging in China

The phenomenon of urban-rural inversion population aging is a severe issue faced by China in building a well-off society in an all-round way. Using GIS spatial clustering and multiple stepwise regression models, this paper analyzes the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics and driving mechanism of urban-rural inversion of population aging in China on a provincial scale. The results show that: 1) In terms of time series evolution, with the continuous higher level of China’s population aging, the phenomenon of urban-rural inversion is becoming more and more obvious. 2) In terms of spatial pattern evolution, from 1995 to 2018, the spatial agglomeration intensity of urban-rural inversion showed an inverted U-shaped change trend of “low—high—low”. It first appeared in the Eastern coastal areas, then gradually expanded to the Central and Western regions, and finally evolved into a national common phenomenon. 3) In terms of driving mechanism, there is a complex multi-dimensional and nonlinear interaction mechanism behind the phenomenon of population aging and urban-rural inversion. Among them, population and economic factors are the main driving factors of this phenomenon. For the western provinces with underdeveloped economy, serious population outflow and high level of rural aging, the phenomenon of “old and poor” in rural areas has become a key challenge in the implementation of strategies such as rural revitalization and targeted poverty alleviation.

Double Phase Inversion of Pickering Emulsion Induced by Magnesium Hydroxide Nanosheets Adsorbed with Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate.

Surfactants are often used as a cooperation stabilizer with solid particles for increasing the efficiency of Pickering emulsion. Accordingly, the effects of interaction between surfactants and solid particles on stabilizing Pickering emulsions have been attracting great attention. In this study, magnesium hydroxide (MH) nanosheets adsorbed with different amounts of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactants were designed and used to stabilize paraffin-water emulsions. Using SDS-adsorbed MH nanosheets as a stabilizer, the phenomenon of double phase inversion was found for Pickering emulsion. Pickering emulsion was inverted initially from O/W to W/O at about 0.022 mmol/g of the adsorption amount of SDS on the MH nanosheets, and subsequently back to O/W at about 2.312 mmol/g. The first phase inversion was because of the increased hydrophobicity of modified MH nanosheets, where SDS molecules were monolayer-adsorbed on the MH nanosheets surface. The second phase inversion occurred due to the bilayer adsorption of SDS on MH nanosheets, which converted the modified MH nanosheets hydrophilic again. These results are of great importance to understanding the double phase inversion of Pickering emulsions with the addition of surfactants and finding prospective applications in fields such as reversible drilling fluids and oil extraction.

Influence of Ta/Al ratio on the microstructure and creep property of a Ru-containing Ni-based single-crystal superalloy

Two alloys with different Ta and Al contents were applied to study the influence of Ta/Al ratio on the microstructural evolution and creep deformation under high temperature. The increase of Ta/Al ratio made the γ/γ′ lattice misfit more negative and enhanced the volume fraction of γ′ phase, which produced cubic and small γ′ phase in the initial microstructures. These initial tiny γ′ phases impeded the dislocations movement and delayed the course of complete rafted γ′ phase during the origination of creep deformation, which prolonged the time of the primary creep stage. Moreover, the increase of Ta/Al ratio and addition of Ru produced the denser and stable dislocation networks, the high APB energy and better solution strengthening, which hindered the climbing and sliding of dislocations, and restrained the formation of superdislocations in the γ′ precipitate. The second creep stage was extended, and the minimum creep rate was reduced. Hence, the increase of whole creep life of the alloy containing high Ta/Al ratio was attributed to the prolongation of the primary and second creep stages, and the low minimum creep rate. The appearance of the topological inversion phenomenon during the tertiary creep stage was the primary cause for the sudden increase of the creep strain rate of the alloy containing low Ta/Al ratio. However, the high creep strain rate of the alloy containing high Ta/Al ratio during the tertiary creep stage was related to the occurrence and extending of the cracks near the voids. Both alloys would lose efficacy within 20 h–30 h.

Changes in mortality, life expectancy and the rate of aging in the XX century: possible causes

Introduction. The rapid aging of the world and Russian population and the associated medical, demographic, and socioeconomic problems determine the increased interest in the issue of aging. Aim and objectives. to study the features and causes of changes in age-related mortality, life expectancy (LE), and aging in Russia in the second half of the XX century compared to other countries. Material and methods. We used the Human Mortality Database survival tables to estimate the expected and maximum life expectancy. The aging rate was calculated using the Gompertz-Makeham formula and the increment of total mortality. Graphs were built using Microsoft Office Excel’s standard tools and the computer program Aging of Populations developed by us. Results. Until the middle of the XX century, significant aging rate changes did not accompany a sharp increase in Le. Later with a relatively small increase in LE, it decreases sharply. Deceleration of aging was observed for all studied countries (from 12 to 36 for different available historical periods) for all studied parameters and progresses to the end of the studied period. For Russia, the decline in the aging rate that began simultaneously 7 with other countries in 1960-1970's slows down and is restored only by 2000. Discussion. Improvements in living conditions and health outcomes lead to an increase in the proportion of the elderly population structure. However, these same processes reduce the rate of individual aging. Improving medical and social care for retired people reduces their mortality rate. Still, it produces a phenomenon of delayed mortality in later ages (the phenomenon of inversion of centenarians’ total mortality - from reduced to increased). Nevertheless, the use of the mortality rate increment indicator shows that the decline in the aging rate for centenarians persists. Conclusion. The identified trends in mortality are useful for developing areas of preventive and socio-medical impact on the population’s health.

Quantum scheme of dissipative two qubits in a squeezed field: Entanglement and Fisher information

A clear relationship between the quantum version of Fisher information and the bipartite system entanglement has been explored recently. Known existing results for some quantum systems having strongly nonlocal correlations are still limited. In this paper, based on the interaction between a two-qubit and squeezed field, we investigate the correlation between the dynamical behavior of qubit-qubit entanglement and the quantum Fisher information (QFI). We focus on the effect of a number of photon multiplicity, low and high squeezing regime of the field on the dynamics of the QFI and entanglement quantifier. We show how the QFI and entanglement quantifier can be affected by the number of photon multiplicity and squeeze parameter during the time evolution of cases of absence and presence of dissipation effect. Our results exhibit the correlation between the entanglement quantifiers and the QFI with respect to the appearance of collapse and revival phenomena of the atomic inversion.

Online Social Network Information Dissemination Integrating Overconfidence and Evolutionary Game Theory

Public opinion inversion and other nonlinear phenomena often occur during online social network information dissemination (OSNID) in modern society. To explore the influence of overconfidence on OSNID, we develop a multi-agent simulation model integrating overconfidence and evolutionary games, as previous research has scarcely paid any attention to irrational behavior in information dissemination. This integrated paradigm provides an effective tool for managers to control the spread of OSNID and reduce the harm caused by rumors. The theoretical model is constructed from the perspective of an evolutionary game and, combined with overconfidence theory, three overconfidence scenarios are designed: benefit overconfidence, cost overconfidence, and both benefit and cost overconfidence. Then, a multi-agent simulation model of OSNID under different overconfidence scenarios is realized. The proposed simulation model exhibited better performance (e.g., faster diffusion speed) than the traditional Bass model; its performance was also validated by comparison with real-world cases. The results demonstrate that (1) with increasing benefit overconfidence, the convergence speed of OSNID will be accelerated, and the user group will reach stability at a faster speed. (2) With increasing cost overconfidence, the user's decision will change from adopting dominant to tit-for-tat, and the adoption ratio will gradually decrease. (3) Compared with overconfidence in earnings, overconfidence in costs is more conducive to improving stability. This study attempts to provide new ideas for OSNID and attempts to propose an integration framework for behavioral theory and simulation methods.

Bouncing-to-wetting transition of water droplets impacting soft solids.

Soft surfaces impacted by liquid droplets trap more air underneath than their rigid counterparts. The extended lifetime of the air film not only facilitates bouncing behaviours of the impacting droplets but also increases the possibility of interactions between the air film itself and the air cavity formed inside the droplets by capillary waves. Such interactions may cause rupture of the trapped air film by a so-called dimple inversion phenomenon and suppress bouncing. In this work, we systematically investigate the relationship between air cavity collapse and air film rupture for water droplets impacting soft, hydrophobic surfaces. By constructing a bouncing-to-wetting phase diagram based on the rupturing dynamics of the trapped air film, we observe that the regime in which air film rupture is induced by dimple inversion consistently separates the bouncing regime and the one in which wetting is caused by random rupture. We also found that air film rupture by dimple inversion in-turn affects both the collapsing dynamics of the air cavity and the resulting high-speed jet. We then provide a detailed characterisation of the collapsing dynamics of the air cavity and subsequent jetting.

The Power Of The Mysterious Inversion In Literary Books

Language is a great blessing given to humanity, literary devices that make the language shiny, colorful, meaningful, an inversion literary device that enhances clarity with formality and emphasis, its importance and important functions, types, uses and the Uzbek writer Tahir Malik skillfully used inversion in "Samum" and skillfully interpreted the words of the inversion phenomenon in the work and skillfully conveyed it to the reader, and words in literary books the features of magic enhancement, translation studies on inversion, and their importance are covered in detail in this article.

The effect of air pollution on drivers' safety performance.

Numerous studies have determined the adverse effects of air pollution on the health, welfare, and comfort of humans. More recently, the effects of air pollution on cognitive performance of humans are also focused. However, as a group in direct exposure to air pollution, drivers are rarely studied. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of air pollution on the performance of drivers. Their performance is evaluated by observing the number of recorded accidents. The effect of pollutant concentration (primarily PM2.5) on the number of accidents is investigated in a case study in Tehran. The temperature inversion phenomenon is used as an instrumental variable in a two-stage least squares method. The results indicate that temperature inversion had a significant positive correlation with the concentration of pollutants. Considering temperature inversion as an instrumental variable for these pollutants, it is observed that 1 μg/m3 increase in concentration of PM2.5, increased the number of accidents approximately by 4% in 1 day, for the range of parameters studied. No significant relationship was observed regarding the effect of NO2 and CO on accidents during the study period.

The Tippedisk: a Tippetop Without Rotational Symmetry

The aim of this paper is to introduce the tippedisk to the theoretical mechanics community as a new mechanical-mathematical archetype for friction induced instability phenomena. We discuss the modeling and simulation of the tippedisk, which is an inhomogeneous disk showing an inversion phenomenon similar but more complicated than the tippetop. In particular, several models with different levels of abstraction, parameterizations and force laws are introduced. Moreover, the numerical simulations are compared qualitatively with recordings from a high-speed camera. Unlike the tippetop, the tippedisk has no rotational symmetry, which greatly complicates the three-dimensional nonlinear kinematics. The governing differential equations, which are presented here in full detail, describe all relevant physical effects and serve as a starting point for further research.

Surface connection between the Ionian Sea and different areas of the Mediterranean derived from drifter data

The surface connection between the Ionian Sea (central Mediterranean Sea) and the surrounding areas is studied by looking at the statistical properties of 1632 near-surface Lagrangian trajectories. The choice of the area is due to the key role in the dynamics of the Mediterranean Sea and to the geographical distribution of data. The Lagrangian drifter data were taken from the OGS Mediterranean drifter database, which gathers drifter data collected in the Mediterranean Sea from various institutions and countries between 1986 and 2016. The database has proved to be sufficiently complete, but the spatial and temporal data coverage are less satisfactory in the case of selection of a specific study area and temporal range. The strategy used in this work aims to limiting the problem of data coverage by choosing many target boxes around the study area, choice based on drifter trajectories, current patterns and areas of interest. The pseudo-eulerian analysis obtained from all trajectories passing through the Ionian Sea show the main dynamic structure present in the central Mediterranean Sea (e.g. Atlantic Ionian Stream, Mid Ionian Jet, etc.).On the other hand, the data density decreases progressively toward the eastern and western sectors of the Mediterranean. The highest connection was observed with the Strait of Sicily, Eastern Ionian and Adriatic Sea, with connection percentages 30%, 25% and 16% respectively. The transit times between the Ionian Sea and these target boxes are about 20–50 days. The Ionian Sea is characterized by phenomena of inversion of the basin surface circulation, from cyclonic to anti-cyclonic, over a ten-year timescale, the so-called Adriatic-Ionian Bimodal Oscillating System (BiOS, e.g. Gačić et al., 2010; Gačić et al., 2011). An application of the “target box methodology” has been used to describe how the cyclic variability of the dynamic surface currents generates an equally cyclical fluctuation of the connectivity between the Ionian Sea and the surrounding areas during the BiOS phases.

Mechanisms and conditions that affect phase inversion processes: A review

AbstractThe phenomenon of phase inversion occurs in liquid‐liquid dispersions found in a variety of chemical engineering fields. From simple oil‐water mixtures to complex polymeric systems, the operating variables that affect this physical phenomenon are discussed in this work. The contribution on this matter by a large number of researchers is critically assessed, outlining both coherent and conflicting results. A detailed review of the mechanisms by which phase inversion takes place is also provided. While this subject has been studied for the past 50 years, this multivariate nonlinear process is not yet comprehensively understood, and this review article aims to describe the conclusions so far reached to provide insight for future research.