Phenomenon Of Code-switching Research Articles

Determinante e doppio determinante nel code-switching arabo-italiano

This article explores the phenomenon of code-switching, specifically focusing on bilingual Arabic-Italian determiner phrases which consist of a determiner, such as an article or a demonstrative, followed by a noun phrase as a complement. The data examined were selected from a corpus of Arabic-Italian spontaneous speech with the aim of (1) comparing and describing the characteristics and differences of the determiner systems of the two languages; (2) illustrating the features of code-switching in determiner phrases and the various types found in the collected data; and (3) studying the mutual influence of the two languages in contact contexts. The data analysis revealed two types of code-switching: switching at the beginning of a determiner phrase, where both the determiner and its complement are in the same language, and switching within a determiner phrase, where the determiner and the head noun are from different languages. This latter category also includes determiner phrases with double determiners, which will be analyzed in detail in this article to discuss the features of this linguistic structure in Arabic-Italian bilingual phrases.

Language Attitudes and Educational Implications A Study of Code-Switching Among College-Level Bilingual Students in Karachi

The prime objective is to explore the language attitudes of students in Karachi, Pakistan, in the context of bilingual education using Urdu and English as mediums of instruction; particularly, the study delves into how code-switching phenomenon between Urdu and English influences students' attitudes during English-based subject classes at the college level. Additionally, the study examines how these language attitudes impact students' academic performance. To gather inclusive insights, a mixed-method approach was employed for data collection. The gathered data underwent analysis to distinguish the variations in students' language attitudes towards each medium of instruction. Furthermore, the study assesses how these attitudes potentially affect the learning of English-based subjects at the college level. The findings reflect that learners strongly preferred code-switching because they felt it helped them better comprehend difficult subjects and they could perform better academically. Although students appreciated being able to communicate in English, they thought bilingual education was more beneficial to learning. To improve student engagement and learning outcomes, the study recommends that educational institutions implement controlled code-switching as a component of their instructional technique, maintaining a balance between English and Urdu.

Code Switching Preferences and Necessities in EFL Learners

This study examines why EFL learners in Indonesia often switch between their English to native language when talking, primarily their reasons to do so whether itsnecessities or preferences. The research method is done through a systematic literature review from numerous previous studies of journal and thesis that are found in Google Scholar using search engine Publish or Perish 8.The results obtained are fascinatingly diverse from their own reasons to their environment, for example habits, shyness, and following today’s social trends.The findings emphasize the complexity of EFL learners' code-switching. This article aims to provide valuable insights into the linguistic phenomenon of Code-Switching. This information is intended to be useful for both language educators and learners alike, and has suggestions such as Vocabulary Enchancement Strategies, Awareness and Education etc.

THE UTILIZATION OF CODE-SWITCHING AMONG STUDENTS IN THE ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

This study aimed to investigate and analyze the application of code-switching by students enrolled in the English Department. The research employed a quantitative descriptive methodology, utilizing a questionnaire to collect data from students who actively incorporated code-switching in their daily interactions on campus. Results indicated that students in the English Department employed code-switching in various communication contexts, including informal class conversations, campus interactions, and social engagements beyond the campus boundaries. The primary motives behind the use of code-switching were identified as the need for self-expression, enhanced comprehension, and adaptation to social and cultural settings. Furthermore, the research findings highlighted that the prevalent code-switching pattern involved shifts between English and Indonesian languages, particularly emphasizing the use of specific phrases or words lacking direct equivalents in the target language. This research contributes to a more profound comprehension of the code-switching phenomenon among English Department students, shedding light on its implications in social, cultural, and educational domains. Recommendations derived from this study emphasize the importance of adopting a more creative approach to language learning that accommodates the diverse linguistic backgrounds of students.

TYPES OF CODE-SWITCHING FOUND ON NANA MIRDAD'S VIDEO BLOGS

The phenomenon of code-switching is often found in daily conversations by bilingual and multilingual families. One of the bilingual families in Indonesia is the Nana Mirdad family. In Nana Mirdad’s daily life, she often does code-switching on her video blogs. Therefore, this study aims to determine the types of code-switching found in Nana Mirdad’s video blogs on her YouTube Channel called The White's Family. This study used a descriptive qualitative method to analyze the data, and the theory of Poplack (1980) and Romaine (1995) was used in this study. Based on the result of this study, the researcher found 123 data on the types of code-switching on Nana Mirdad's video blogs. The dominant type of code-switching found on Nana Mirdad’s video blogs on her YouTube Channel is Intra-sentential switching with occurrences of 56%.

Switching the Script: Unveiling the Linguistic Dance of Code-Switching in Nigerian Online Skits

This journal article presents an in-depth investigation into the intricate phenomenon of code-switching in Nigerian online comic skits, a burgeoning genre of digital entertainment. Within Nigeria, a nation characterized by linguistic and cultural diversity, online comic skits have emerged as a potent medium for creative expression, social commentary, and cultural representation. This research delves into the analysis of the different roles and types of code-switching employed by content creators in these skits, elucidating their linguistic, sociocultural, and comedic dimensions. Conducting a descriptive qualitative analysis, Poplack's (1980) Model of Types of Code-Switching and a functional model adapted from Hoffmann (1991) and Appel and Muysken (2005) were applied. Five skits, selected based on substantial viewership and the popularity of content creators, formed the core of this study. Our findings indicate that all three types of code-switching are prevalent in the skits, with inter-sentential switching being the most frequent. Additionally, the seven functions of code-switching manifest in the skits, with the referential function emerging as the most frequent. The primary use of code-switching in these skits revolves around fostering humor, expressing strong emotions, and portraying the educational status of the characters.

Exploring Code Switching in Boy William’s YouTube Interview with Maudy Ayunda

This study explores the phenomenon of code-switching in the YouTube video “Maudy Ayunda Sempat Merasa Insecure Saat Berada di Stanford” uploaded by Boy William. The analysis focuses on the types of code switching employed in the conversation between the interviewer (Boy William) and the interviewee (Maudy Ayunda). The data were collected from the announcers utterances by (1) downloading the video (2) watching the related video repeatedly (3) taking notes on the dialogue that contains code switching, and (4) classifying. The writer using descriptive qualitative method. The theoretical framework, drawing from Hoffman (1991) and Grosjean (1982), provides the types and the reasons of code switching. The results of the analysis showed four types of code switching with the most shown namely Establishing Continuity frequency 18 with 43,9 %, while the least is Inter-sentential Switches frequency 4 with 9,7%.

ArzEn-LLM: Code-Switched Egyptian Arabic-English Translation and Speech Recognition Using LLMs

Motivated by the widespread increase in the phenomenon of code-switching between Egyptian Arabic and English in recent times, this paper explores the intricacies of machine translation (MT) and automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems, focusing on translating code-switched Egyptian Arabic-English to either English or Egyptian Arabic. Our goal is to present the methodologies employed in developing these systems, utilizing large language models such as LLama and Gemma. In the field of ASR, we explore the utilization of the Whisper model for code-switched Egyptian Arabic recognition, detailing our experimental procedures including data preprocessing and training techniques. Through the implementation of a consecutive speech-to-text translation system that integrates ASR with MT, we aim to overcome challenges posed by limited resources and the unique characteristics of the Egyptian Arabic dialect. Evaluation against established metrics showcases promising results, with our methodologies yielding a significant improvement of 56% in English translation over the state-of-the-art and 9.3% in Arabic translation. Since code-switching is deeply inherent in spoken languages, it is crucial that ASR systems can effectively handle this phenomenon. This capability is crucial for enabling seamless interaction in various domains, including business negotiations, cultural exchanges, and academic discourse. Our models and code are available as open-source resources.1,2.

Code-switching among bilingual ethnic-adyghe community in the black sea region

This study focuses on the linguistic phenomenon of code-switching (CS) in the bilingual Ethnic-Adyghe community in the Black Sea region of Turkey. Specifically, this paper aims to analyze the types of CS and the factors that influence CS in different situational conversations, with a focus on Ethnic Adyghe individuals. The study utilizes a qualitative research design, using a purposive sample type of 10 Ethnic Adyghe individuals living in Samsun, Turkey. This study favors the use of informal settings to gather data from various linguistic contexts and analyze the frequency of CS. The findings indicate that participants used intra-sentential CS the most (59.9%). One major reason for that was the lack of vocabulary in Adyghe, leading participants to switch to Turkish to fill the lexical gap and effectively communicate their thoughts. Moreover, a total of 14 factors were identified. These factors encompassed aspects such as proficiency, social norms, cultural identity, vocabulary limitations, and communication effectiveness. The identification of these factors contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the complex dynamics of code-switching within the bilingual Ethnic-Adyghe community.

Impact of gender on frequency of code-switching in Snapchat advertisements

Abstract Although the phenomenon of code-switching has been a subject of interest to sociolinguists since the 1970s, to date, little research has been conducted on the impact of gender on the frequency of code-switching, especially in oral communication. The current study is an attempt to bridge this gap by comparing code-switching instances in Snapchat advertisements made by 40 Saudi influencers (20 males and 20 females) who roughly belong to the same age group. The first 100 words made by each advertiser were included in the 4,000-word corpus. Although the female sample produced more instances of code-switching (n = 60) than males (n = 42), the hypothesis that there is a significant difference between males and females in the frequency of code-switching was rejected because the difference was not statistically significant either in the number of instances (p value = 0.116) or in the number of English words (p value = 0.149).

Exploring multilingual Code-Switching in Malaysia through We-Media Perspectives

With the continuous development of globalization, the close contact of multiple languages has promoted the emergence of a large number of code-switching phenomena. Malaysia has the characteristics of multi-ethnic, multi-cultural and multi religious integration, which determines the phenomenon of multilingual culture in Malaysia. Malaysians use many languages to communicate. Therefore, multilingual code switching has become a unique language communication mode in Malaysia. Starting from the actual situation in Malaysia, this paper uses the video "the way Chinese speak Chinese in Malaysia" from YouTube We-Media as the research object. This paper analyzes the phenomenon of multilingual code switching in the video, analyzes and interprets its causes, so as to make a comprehensive summary of the social language phenomenon in Malaysia.

Translanguaging Practices in Tertiary Context EFL Classrooms in Indonesia

The phenomenon of code-switching, or translanguaging, has evolved within the field of linguistics, particularly in the context of bilingualism. Researchers have explored the use of the first language (L1) in second language (L2) classrooms from various perspective. This study explores students’ attitudes toward using L1 in EFL classrooms and its relationship with translanguaging characteristics, frequency, and factors including proficiency levels and gender. Based on Poplack’s (1980) theory, the study examines how highly language proficient bilinguals engage in translanguaging. This study involves 49 participants from an Indonesian EFL program using a survey-based research design. Data collection methods encompass Likert Scale surveys and open-ended questionnaires. The result reveals that students had positive attitudes toward translanguaging, considering it a natural practice for bilinguals that should be allowed in L2 classrooms. However, the study found that the students showing neutral perceptions that the practice of translanguaging did indicate the students’ lack of linguistics proficiency and gender. This led to the meaning that the statements were true without being influenced with the participants' subjectivity. This study also proves the hypothesis which stated that bilinguals who are highly proficient in both languages (L1 and L2) are generally better at translanguaging.Keywords: EFL classroom; translanguaging; correlation; L1; L2.

Functions of Code-switching in the Egyptian EFL Settings

The main objective of this paper is to explore the alternation between languages, or what is recognized as the code-switching (CS) phenomenon among English language instructors in Egyptian universities. This is conducted by investigating the various purposes that might urge university instructors to code-switch between English and Arabic in their class interactions. This study, therefore, probes the extent to which code-switching is dexterously used in classroom discourse to communicate particular conversational and educational purposes pertinent to the teaching and learning process. Data are taken from 10 classes taught by five university teachers (two classes each) at the English Department, Cairo University. Data are collected through audio recordings of teachers' interactions in the class, and extracts from the participants' speeches are transliterated and analyzed. There are two overarching research questions in this study: first, do Egyptian university teachers of English code-switch? Second, what are the functions of teachers’ code-switching in classroom interaction? Findings indicate that there are instances of code-switching in the discourse of all five participants at varying levels. Findings also reveal a variety of conversational and educational purposes triggering code-switching by the participants. Despite the fact that the findings revealed in this paper are solely thought to be relevant to CS among English language instructors in Egyptian universities, they can be further applied to other classroom discourses and in other EFL settings.

Code-switching as a natural phenomenon among learners of foreign languages

Code-switching has long been regarded as a detrimental effect of being able to speak more than one foreign language. It is a widely accepted fact that the simultaneous acquisition of two or more foreign languages will make students code-switch more often compared to those learning only one foreign language at a time. Contrary to the common misconception that bi- or multilingualism through instruction would be any different in contrast to bi- or multilingualism acquired at home, bi- or multilinguals’ languages “act” similarly regardless of how they have been acquired. Code-switching can impede and aid foreign language learning at the same time. If code-switching is considered a phenomenon that should be avoided, some EFL teachers tend to make conscious steps to help students discard their code-switches. However, if code-switching is treated as it is, merely a natural phenomenon occurring to multilinguals, then, instead of needing to fix it, it can simply be observed. On the one hand, this study summarises some general findings about code-switching, which can also be observed among students born into monolingual families. The second part of the study is a linguistic analysis of a German L2 – English L3 code-switching phenomenon among Hungarian learners of English. Thethird part of this paper is an educational outlook highlighting the challenges faced by learners, especially young multilinguals.

Code-Switching in the Puella ID YouTube Channel by Cinta Laura

The phenomenon of code-switching is increasingly widespread due to the impact of social media such as YouTube, whose creators are bilingual. This study aims to identify the types of code-switching on Puella ID Youtube Channel by Cinta Laura and analyze the reason why the host and the speaker use code-switching in their conversation. In order to identify codeswitching, this research applied the theories proposed by Poplack (1980) as cited in Romaine (1989) to classify the types of Code-Switching and the second theory analysis of the reason for code-switching proposed by Hoffmann (1991). This study used the descriptive qualitative method. The end result of this research represented three types of code-switching and six out of seven reasons for code-switching were found. The dominant type that heaves in sight in this research is intra-sentential switching. Six reasons for codeswitching were found. The very dominant reason is the intention of clarifying the speech content for the interlocutor. The expression of the utterance is something used to point out something or also to lead up to connect between sentences or words so that it can easily be realized by the other person.

Marcatori discursivi în context bilingv. Considerații privind uzul marcatorilor concesivi oricum, anyway și polyubomu

The aim of this paper is to analyse, from a socio pragmatic standpoint, two pairs of discourse markers in the context of language contact: Ro. oricum and Eng. anyway in Romanian spoken in Romania, and Ro. oricum and Ru. p o lyubomu in the Romanian variety spoken in the Republic of Moldova. The study focuses on the pragmatic values that anyway and po lyubomu have both in Romanian and in their source language, values that are compared with the pragmatic functions of thei r Rom anian counterpart oricum . The study aimed to determine whether po lyubomu and anyway , as borrowed discourse markers, convey the same pragmatic functions in the recipient language as they do in their source language. Moreover, we tried to explain why Roma nian speakers (bilingual or monolingual), both in Moldova and in Romania, choose borrowed discourse markers over their Romanian counterpart. It is often stated that discourse markers are susceptible to borrowing because they are peripheral, optional, multi functional, oral. Borrowed markers contrast with their linguistic environment being more salient than native markers. The use of anyway in Romanian is an element of code switching phenomenon and might be explained in terms of conversational strategies , whi le Ru. po lyubomu is a borrowed element undergoing formal and functional adaptation.

The Effect of Language Competence on the Functions of English-Arabic Code-Switching among Iraqi Students

The current study investigates the bilingual phenomenon of codeswitching by Iraqi Arabic students at the University of Memphis. Casual topics of conversations by three participants, selected purposively with varying competence of English and Arabic, were recorded. Notes were taken to analyze why and when speakers codeswitch from English to Arabic and vice versa. In light of the models proposed by Auer (2002) and Appel and Muysken (2006), the study attempts to examine the effect of competence of any of the languages spoken on the variety of functions and direction of code-switching. In addition to the functions established by the aforementioned models, it is found that bilinguals generally often code-switch to the language of better competence to change subject, exclude other speakers, or show solidarity. Meanwhile, bilinguals may switch to the language of less competence to communicate humoristic gestures, among other purposes.

Co-constructing devices in narrative sequences of multilingual preschool children

Abstract The following paper aims at analysing co-constructing devices used in adult-child narrative interaction both in the first and in the second language. In order to build a “common ground” for communication and comprehension, adult speakers often need to rely on supporting strategies that provide the child with narrative, grammatical and lexical help. When investigating speakers in multilingual settings, these devices become even more crucial. The present study is based on a corpus which contains data from six multilingual children at preschool age from the Ladin valleys in South Tyrol. The analysis outlines both the adults’ devices used to support the child as well as the children’s self-adopted strategies to enable the interaction to be performed. As far as the adult part is concerned, the focus is put on initiating, replying and expanding devices. Children’s devices, instead, are mainly influenced by the multilingual setting they are involved in. In this sense code-mixing and code-switching phenomena emerge as main strategies.

The Phenomenon Of Code Switching And Code Mixing In English Learning Classroom

The diversity of languages in Indonesia has sundry errors such as gaps, errors in interpreting other languages, and others. It means, it also applies when in the process of learning foreign languages at school, especially English. Thus, learning English is difficult to build a positive spirit in learning, making students active and responsive in the learning process. Therefore, this study focuses on examining the types of code-switching and code-mixing in learning English in schools. This study uses a qualitative paradigm, using a descriptive case study type of research. Therefore, the researcher sets the goal to describe the data as it occurs in the phenomenon under study. This study is the occurrence of code-switching and code-mixing events in learning English at school. In this study, the researcher used guided semi structured interviewed as a data collection technique. The data from this study was analyzed based on the steps used, namely identifying the data, classifying the data, and describing the data according to the research objectives. The results of this study are the determinants of code-switching and code-mixing from teachers or students. Then, there are types of each between code-mixing and code-switching.

Code-Switching Done by Cinta Laura in “Mang Saswi Jatuh Cinta ke Cinta Laura Ini Talkshow”

The purpose of this study is to identify the types and reasons for Code-switching in the Youtube channel Ini Talkshow on the program Net TV. This study is concerned with the Codeswitching phenomenon involving the Indonesian-English language that was found in Cinta Laura's speech during channel on the program Net TV. The quantitative and qualitative methods were used in this study. Apple and Muysken's theory (1987:118) is referred to in the study of data to analyze the type of Code-switching, and Hoffman's theory (1991) is referred to analyze the reasons for code-switching. It is done formally and informally to show the product of the analysis. There are found intra-sentential 10 data, inter-sentential 2 data, and tag switching 1 data. The reason for Code-switching are found in talking about a particular topic 25%%, quoting somebody else 10%, showing empathy about something 20%, interjection (inserting sentence fillers or sentence connector) 10%, repetition used for clarification 10%, expressing group identity 10%, and intention of clarifying the speech content for the interlocutor 10%.