Phenomenological Meaning Research Articles

The spatial ontologies of interstitial spaces: Insights from Belfast’s “interfaces” and the spatialization of the in-betweenness

ABSTRACT Cities are composed of a varied array of interstices that are often observed as a network of undeveloped, vacant, or leftover spaces and infrastructures. Such conditions, however, little speak on the multifaceted nature of interstitial spaces as in-between domains that can be morphologically heterogeneous, functionally active, and socially constructed; something that expands on the multiple ontologies of interstitiality beyond being vacant, empty, or inert. While acknowledged around their development potentials or as elements of segregation, the physicality of interstices obscures their evolving spatiality between conflict and divide, relationality, and acceptance. This spatiality becomes plausible in post-conflict cities—such as Belfast—where interstitiality takes the form of “interfaces”: complex in-between areas that articulate divided Catholic/Nationalist and Protestant/Unionist communities throughout peacebuilding politics. By taking a phenomenological approach, the spatiality and meanings of Belfast interfaces are scrutinised to find that Belfast interfaces speak on multiple ontologies linked to (i) their evolving spatiality, (ii) their constructed meanings, and (iii) their naturalisation as daily-life transitions that draw on emerging forms of safety, identity, memory, integration, segregation and futurity. Belfast interfaces take the ontological turn of the in-betweenness towards suggesting that the staging of spaces as promoting togetherness can be more illusionary than concrete.

조손가정 조부모 전담양육 경험의 특징에 대한 질적 연구

In this study, the difficulties experienced by grandparents actively raising their grandchildren were examined in the field, and the characteristics of their experience raising grandchildren were qualitatively analyzed. For this study, we interviewed five grandmothers or grandfathers raising elementary school-age grandchildren for more than two years in the Chungcheongnam-do region. Through a phenomenological study, the themes and meanings of parenting experiences that emerged in the process of grandparents actively raising their grandchildren were revealed in detail. As a result of the analysis, the experience of grandparents actively raising their grandchildren is largely divided into two categories: ‘care experience’ and ‘internal experience’. Three themes were derived from the ‘care experience’ revealed in the grandparents’ experience: ‘care related to food, clothing, and shelter,’ ‘growth care,’ and ‘time management guidance.’ Three themes were derived from the ‘internal experience’ of grandparents in the study: ‘feelings toward grandchildren and children (parents of grandchildren),’ ‘feelings toward oneself,’ and ‘will and reward for raising grandchildren.’

Implementation of Religious Culture and Its Implications for Students' Religious Development in Junior High School 10 Bandung

This research aims to describe the development of students' religion at SMP Negeri 10 Bandung. This research was motivated by the large number of immoral cases committed by the younger generation, such as drug cases, free sex, and so on. These various problems cannot be solved, but by returning to religious teachings, one way is by making religious education more effective in schools, one of which is through religious culture. This research is a type of qualitative research. The research approach used is phenomenological (meaning of existence). The informants for this research consisted of the school principal, all Islamic religious education teachers, several teachers other than Islamic religious education teachers, and students. The results of the research show that the implementation of student religious formation through religious culture at SMP Negeri 10 Bandung has gone well and is programmed, and carried out by the school as a complete educational institution with lessons related to the development of religious culture in schools and community activities carried out by Rohis (Islamic Spirituality) as an extracurricular activity at a special shade school. This success can be achieved because of the efforts of the principal and the support of the entire school community by showing commitment, each of which occurs together and supports each other.

DEFORESTATION ISSUE CONSTRUCTION FROM THE TAKNALAWE’ EPIC OFDAYAKKAYAAN WEST KALIMANTAN

Takna' Lawe' is an oral tradition of the Kayaan people. Lii' Long and Ding Ngo wrote down this oral tradition in a book entitled Poetry Lawe'. The epic Takna' Lawe' is famous for the story of heroism and love from the figure of Lawe'. Apart from this story, there are also signs from the Takna' Lawe epic which constructs the issue of deforestation. This study is focused on the interpretation of the signs in the episode "Hingaan Stuck in Beraan". This episode is found in the book Poetry Lawe', which was rewritten in prose in Indonesian. The purpose of this research is to reveal the meaning behind the story in the hope that people will become aware of the dangers of deforestation that are currently happening in Kalimantan. This study uses qualitative methods with Paul Ricoeur's hermeneutical approach. The analysis is carried out through the stages of semantic meaning, phenomenological meaning, and ontological meaning to produce a new contextual meaning. The results of the research show that there is a meaning that leads to the issue of deforestation, namely exploitation and destruction of forests, the anger of nature, and disasters for natural destroyers, including actions against ancestral teachings.

Ф. М. Достоевский и Ж.-Л. Марион: память в свете понятия conversio

This article attempts to apply the concepts of “conversion” and “memoria” to Dostoevsky's poetics and, in particular, to his use of the “sudden memory” technique. These concepts are adopted from the analysis of the “Confession” of St. Augustine, conducted by the Catholic theologian and phenomenologist Jean-Luc Marion. It is revealed that Augustine's “conversion” should be understood in two senses: institutionally, as an entry into the Church, and phenomenologically, as a turn to the Church. It is indicated that the first meaning presupposes rootedness in tradition and psychological integrity, while the second meaning presupposes psychological duality and the experience of loss of identity. It is the phenomenological meaning that is relevant for Dostoevsky's prose: the author substantiates that it was conceptualized by Bakhtin in the concept of a “threshold situation”. In view of this, the use of phenomenological methods to clarify the path of remembrance in Dostoevsky's works is argued. With the involvement of historical-literary works and the use of philosophical methods, the key concept of Dostoevsky's poetics “suddenly” is analyzed. It is proved, firstly, that the obsessive break in the narrative, which is designated by the writer by the specified concept of “suddenly”, precedes the transformation of the personality of the characters, the “change of mind” they experience; secondly, that although the “threshold situation” and the possibility of “change of mind” are available to every hero of Dostoevsky, not all of them come to the possibility of genuine conversion, that is, to entering the Church. The author comes to the conclusion that the gap between the two stages of “conversion” is due to 1) the tradition in which this or that hero exists and 2) his own capabilities of remembrance.

PHENOMENOLOGY OF THE EPOCH AND ONTOLOGY OF THE SPIRIT IN THE POEM OF BENJAMIN TRONIN “HOSTAGES”

The article is devoted to the research of the phenomenological field of the poem by Benjamin Tronin “Hostages”. This literary work is a worthy example of modern literature, it meets the needs and requirements of the present time and develops the traditions already established in Russian literature. The study revealed that the poem has deep phenomenological meanings that create its multidimensionality. The poem presents four global plans. On the surface of the text is an epochal plan, it creates the plot of the work. Describing Soviet and post-Soviet times, the author gives key symbols and images of the Soviet and post-Soviet eras in which the main character of the poem lives. They are revealed by the author through the fate of the characters of the work, revealing first the social plan of interpersonal relations, and then the personal plan of the individual consciousness of the main hero of the poem. The protagonist comes forward with his fate and feelings. It is his consciousness, which is pure meaning formation, that forms the conceptual picture of the world in a work and creates the phenomenological space of the epoch, recognizable by the reader. The last and deepest plan is the ontological plan. It shows how lonely the protagonist, abandoned by all, is. However, the loneliness of the hero is not related to the understanding of his interpersonal relationships, but to the understanding of his existence. He feels very far from God. Gradually transcending the historical aspect of the age, revealing the social and personal aspects, he comes to the ontological aspect - the basis of his existence. At the end of the research, it was concluded that the author presents the poetic phenomenology of the spirit. This is realized in an attempt to reveal in the subjective perception of man the objective state of the epoch, which in turn consists not of time, but of human destinies, one of which is the fate of the protagonist.

Phenomenological Approaches In Religious Studies

Phenomenology of religion is a development movement in thought and research where researchers try to understand humans and classify phenomena specifically including religious phenomena. The purpose of this study is to study and analyze in depth related to phenomenological approaches in religious studies.this research is a review literature research using descriptive methods. Data collection is carried out by means of record, listen and record techniques. The research steps carried out include collecting data, reducing data, and analyzing data to describe phenomenological approaches in religious studies. The results of this study show that Phenomenology and then Religious Phenomenology is a new approach in conducting studies of religion, although theologically and methodologically religious phenomenology is still a debate among religious scientists, this approach is able to explore the deeper meaning of a religious phenomenology, in addition to being able to be a middle ground for philosophical and theological approaches in revealing religious phenomena. Approaches in religious studies that separate religion from the sacred, transcendent, hefty forces liberate religion from theology, and religious phenomenology has its context in this regard.

School operational Assistance Funds and Grants

This study discusses the use of school operational assistance funds and grants in improving the quality of religious education institutions in West Kalimantan. The research used is qualitative research, as for the purpose of qualitative research to understand the object under study in depth and naturally. The approach used is phenomenological approach and descriptive analysis. The meaning of Phenomenology is knowledge that is visible or refers to physical phenomena. The results of this study showed that most respondents felt the use of school operational assistance funds (BOS) and grants. It seems that the government's policy has been going well and transparently. The use of BOS Funds and Grants comes from the Government in the form of land expansion and receives direct assistance from school operational assistance. This also takes place with the quality assurance of Religious Education Institutions. Related to Quality Assurance, Religious Education Institutions at least began to get their welfare such as Benefits, Incentives, Decent Honors and the existence of Transportation money.

ФЕНОМЕН ВІЙНИ: ТОЧКА БАЧЕННЯ МАТЕРІАЛІСТИЧНОЇ ФЕНОМЕНОЛОГІЇ

The article is devoted to the postphenomenological approach to the study of war as primarily a world phenomenon, anthropological patterns and moral and legal codes. The foundations of the proposed materialistіс phenomenology have three main points. First, existential topography acts as a leading descriptive method which is based on the triple unity of spatiality, bodility and otherness. Secondly, the visibility of the phenomenon is captured by its imagery, which has three situational aspects – givenness, performance practices, marking contours. Thirdly, phenomenality has two asymmetrically connected sides – available, which ensures meeting and assimilation in the approach, and the reverse, which marks the contours of the visible in the invisibility of the distant. The materialistic character of phenomenology means that the emphasis is on the world as an existential media that has its own bodily organized agent network. The description of the war phenomenon offered in this article stops only at the first step – the discovery of givens to testify to a phenomenological point of view, but with the prospect of further description. War manifests itself as a deforming topos compression that leads to bodily practices of concealment. Deformation is the result of homogenizing control over the topos diversity of existence through the invasion of radical otherness that carried out by the artificial corporeality of weapons and the dominant corporeality of the military. In a situation of war, otherness, instead of receding into the invisible, which ensures the absolute difference of the world order, turns into a positive approximation of indistinction, monstrosity. The world stops reporting on the order of life.

알코올중독자가 경험하는 갈망에 관한 현상학적 연구

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to reveal the phenomenological meaning and experience of alcohol craving experienced by alcoholics through qualitative research. Methods: From November 8, 2020 to October 10, 2022, in-depth interviews were conducted with four recovering alcoholics within two years of a single week who were diagnosed with alcoholism in the past and had been hospitalized for alcoholism problems. The data were analyzed using phenomenological qualitative research methods. Results: The alcohol craving experienced by alcoholics worked in connection with the life of alcoholics. Alcohol intensity was not entirely determined by external factors, but varied by the individual's internal state and circumstances surrounding the individual, and cravings were found to be classified into when control and intervention were possible. Also, the power to neutralize alcohol cravings was a warm 'self-compassion' mind. Conclusion: This study presented a new perspective on alcohol craving, and based on this perspective, the necessity of developing an alcohol addiction prevention program and a recurrence prevention program was presented. In addition, the basis for emphasizing the necessity of complete abstinence in health education services for preventing alcohol and preventing recurrence in the community was presented.

The political ecology of slavery: Edmund Ruffin and the simbi of South Carolina

ABSTRACT In the early months of 1843, Edmund Ruffin began a geological tour of South Carolina to survey the landscape and the current state of plantation farming across the region. Commissioned by governor James Hammond, Ruffin’s survey aimed to diagnose the decline in plantation productivity in the state. In the diary that he kept during his tour, Ruffin describes stories of nature spirits called “simbi,” whom enslaved and indigenous inhabitants believed guarded limestone springs in the south-east of the state. This paper argues that in the accounts of simbi, which are embedded in a geological survey that aims to increase the efficiency of resource extraction, Ruffin’s reader glimpses a competing geology composed of stratified historical, environmental, and phenomenological meanings. The paper recontextualizes simbi in order to suggest how truly destabilizing a simbi metaphysics is to Ruffin’s own ecological project. By drawing on a rich body of recent religious studies of the African diaspora, the paper suggests possible ecological claims being made in these simbi stories, and that these claims are deeply rooted in knowledge about land use, sustainability, inheritance, and privatization that unsettle the plantation system. The paper aims, in other words, to more thoroughly perceive the network of relationships between enslaved persons, the fountains, spirits, the dead, and the African continent co-present with Ruffin’s geology. It also examines the interpenetration of Ruffin’s political and geo-agricultural writings in order to illustrate how he grounds his racial politics in his understanding of ecology.

Концепт отсеченной головы (экзистенция, вещь, троп)

The content and plot potential of the concept of a severed or severed head is ambiguous. It determines the ontological and existential meanings of works. Its mortal semantics is expressed in marking social cataclysm (N. Gumilyov, G. Ivanov, N. Klyuev), philosopheme (M. Bulgakov), tragic foreboding (M. Tsvetaeva), optical deformation (V. Khodasevich), hallucinations (Yu. Odarchenko ) and its implementation by the stigmatist (A. Green), the absurdity of life (A. Vvedensky), violent manipulation (A. Belyaev), self-consciousness (I. Bunin, V. Pelevin). The specificity of canonical and apocryphal interpretations of the beheading of John the Baptist is noted. It is pointed out that decapitation is conditional on both supernatural forces and the will of a mortal. The question is raised about the boundary in the image of the dissociation of the character and his bipolar state. Artistic tools are revealed in the description of emotions, actions of the character, his self-identification before and after decapitation. Emphasis is placed on the variability of the artistic specificity of the concept of a severed head from farcical poetics to naturalistic imagery and symbolization. The plot, narrative, psychological, compositional role of the image of a severed head in a number of works is determined. The phenomenological meaning of the image of the bowl-skull as an expression of historical memory (A. Pushkin, N. Gumilyov, S. Yesenin) and the existence of an individual (M. Zenkevich) is considered.

“You want to know that you’re safe”: Experiences of risk, restriction and resilience online among people with an intellectual disability

People with intellectual and developmental disabilities remain more digital excluded than many other groups within society. Perceived vulnerability of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities by those providing support may increase their digital exclusion and the digital divide. Few studies have considered online risk from the perspective of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Online risks have previously been classified as contact, conduct and content but little is known about how adults with intellectual disabilities experience these specific risks. Underpinned by post-postivist and phenomenological epistemologies, perceptions and meanings of online risks for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities were gathered. Individual interviews were conducted with thirteen adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities who all identified themselves as self advocates. Interview discussions considered online risk experiences of being online and using social media. Data were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis. Overarching themes of risk experiences, awareness and support to manage salient risks, and developing independence and resilience through online participation were identified. Accounts also identified concerns around online risks and carer gatekeeping as potential instrumental factors in digital exclusion, such exclusion was considered detrimental to wellbeing. Adults with intellectual disabilities with low support needs appeared more able to manage online risk than may be presupposed by a vulnerability-focused perspective. The importance of utilising language salient to the person when discussing risk was also highlighted. Experiential learning to better understand and manage salient online risks appears a way forward for both research and practice.

“Here is Looking at You”

In this article, we propose to reconceptualize phenomenology in a relational way. Instead of taking subjective consciousness as the starting point for the constitution of meaning, we consider meaning (as well as subjects and subjectivities) as something that is produced in social relations, or more precisely, in communicative actions. In order to explore how this works we empirically study mutual gaze as a critical case. At first sight, the reciprocity that arises when two subjects look into each other’s eyes and perceive how they look and are being looked at reciprocally seems to be “pure,” i.e. free of any mediation by language, gestures or other objectivations. It turns out, however, that mutual gaze unfolds, albeit highly ambivalently and fluidly, as an “object in time”. In contrast to non‑subjectivist approaches, we argue that we need some sort of subjectivity to understand phenomena such as mutual gaze. However, we also need to understand its embeddedness in cultures as well as in social relations. This is what Relational Phenomenology means.

Response of pile groups in layered soil to dynamic lateral loads

This paper presents an analytical solution that provides the dynamic response of laterally-loaded pile groups with an arbitrary number of piles installed in layered soil. The solution allows modelling robustly pile-to-pile interaction effects via a new stress-based interaction factor, that considers the fact that soil displacements along the periphery of large-diameter piles of a group subjected to lateral loads will not be in-phase. Layered soil conditions are introduced in the solution by modelling wave propagation in the soil surrounding the piles with the popular plane-strain model and considering soil as viscoelastic material. These idealisations greatly simplify the formulation, at no expense of accuracy when considering loading of relatively stiff piles under serviceability conditions. The solution provides the Winkler modulus for each pile in the group as function of problem parameters that have direct phenomenological meaning, and allows direct calculation of the horizontal impedance of the entire pile group. The presentation concludes with results of a parametric analysis, to demonstrate the effect of considering layered soil conditions and the cross-sectional dimensions of the piles on the response of the group.

Experimental Phenomenology as Personalized Health Intervention: A Case Illustration

Experimental phenomenology is the investigation of phenomenological practices and their effects. To engage in a phenomenological practice means to focus attention on aspects of one’s experiences (e.g., sense impressions or body sensations) while adopting a specific kind of attitude (e.g., an explorative attitude) according to some set of instructions. The basic assumption is that the regulation of attention and attitudes involved in such practices may have effects on people’s health and quality of life. The present paper describes the basic principles of experimental phenomenology as an approach to personalized health interventions and illustrates these principles with a case, where a mindful embodiment practice was constructed for an individual suffering from insomnia due to early morning awakenings. The results are discussed in terms of the importance of personalization, the ambition to formulate general conclusions about the effects of phenomenological practices, and the need for measurements not only before and after treatment but also during the treatment process.

The Experience of Place in the Annual Festival Held in an Amazigh Village in Southern Tunisia

The phenomenological meaning of place argued by Yi-Fu Tuan and Edward Relph involves multiple disciplines, including religious studies. Based on the idea of experience of place, the study examines the structural contrast between the inner village and the outside suburbs. Focusing on the representation of the contrast of places in the festival of southern Tunisia, it also discusses the inner and the outer experience of the human existence that such contrast implies. In this regard, interviews with the local people in the village and observation of rituals and festivals were implemented. The traditional rituals designate the contrast of the human realm and the untamed nature, which has been shaped by environmental and historical factors. Their ambivalent ontological orientations toward usefulness/controllability and toward sacredness/uncontrollability are reconciled by the experience of the festival. The dynamism of the inside and the outside in the form of olives, a bride, or a palanquin enables people to realize the source of new lives and experience the essential meaning of generation. In spite of recent political and exhibitionistic tendencies, the Mahrajān represents the universal structure of festivals in which arbitrariness is periodically broken down by introducing the external sacredness into the inner human realm.

Exploring the phenomenological meanings of assessment in physical education through primary teachers’ lived experiences

ABSTRACT Background Although assessment in physical education (PE) is a complex pedagogical work that is strongly influenced by primary teachers, few studies have focused on their lived experiences in the continuum between past instances of receiving assessments as PE students and current instances of conducting assessments as primary PE teachers. Purpose This study explored the phenomenological meanings of assessment in PE based on primary teachers’ lived experiences of being assessed as PE students in the past and those of assessing as primary PE teachers in the present. The specific research questions included: ‘What is it like to be assessed as PE students’ and ‘What is it like to assess as primary PE teachers?’ Methods ‘Phenomenology of practice’ (van Manen 2016b. Phenomenology of Practice: Meaning-Giving Methods in Phenomenological Research and Writing: Developing Qualitative Inquiry. Abingdon: Routledge) was applied to capture the primary teachers’ lived experiences, with a focus on their histories and current experiences of receiving and conducting PE assessments. Participants included a total of five primary teachers (two males and three females). Relevant information was collected through two semi-structured interviews and lived experiential writings. All obtained data were analysed and coded through a two-step process, including (a) an elucidation of life-world existentials (i.e. lived body, lived space, lived time, and lived relation) and (b) a thematic analysis that was conducted with the NVivo 12 software. Findings Based on participant responses, past lived experiences of being assessed as PE students were categorised into the following components: (a) trembling body, (b) stage forcing bodily monologue, (c) in the twinkling of an eye, and (d) Big Brother is watching me. On the other hand, current lived experiences of assessing as primary PE teachers were categorised into the following components: (a) cloning past PE teacher’s body, (b) shift from joyful playground to rigid court, (c) incompatible time like oil and water, and (d) compassionate encounters. Discussion We found that the phenomenological meaning behind primary teachers’ lived experiences of being assessed as PE students in the past was ‘side-lining their own bodies and learning’, while the meaning of assessing as primary PE teachers in the present was ‘groping in the dark while flashing back to the past’. Although assessment illiteracy persisted from the past to present, primary teachers constantly revised and modified their current PE assessment practices in consideration of individual student attributes and needs. Conclusions From a phenomenological perspective, PE assessments were nuanced and complex practices, in which primary teachers worked as agents for advancing PE assessments from a dialectical standpoint. This involved two continua, including the past–present and theory–practice.

Uncertainty evaluation and correlation analysis of single-particle energies in phenomenological nuclear mean field: an investigation into propagating uncertainties for independent model parameters

Based on the Monte Carlo approach and conventional error analysis theory, taking the heaviest doubly magic nucleus $$^{208}\hbox {Pb}$$ as an example, we first evaluate the propagated uncertainties of universal potential parameters for three typical types of single-particle energy in the phenomenological Woods–Saxon mean field. Accepting the Woods–Saxon modeling with uncorrelated model parameters, we found that the standard deviations of single-particle energy obtained through the Monte Carlo simulation and the error propagation rules are in good agreement. It seems that the energy uncertainty of the single-particle levels regularly evoluate with certain quantum numbers to a large extent for the given parameter uncertainties. Further, the correlation properties of the single-particle levels within the domain of input parameter uncertainties are statistically analyzed, for example, with the aid of Pearson’s correlation coefficients. It was found that a positive, negative, or unrelated relationship may appear between two selected single-particle levels, which will be extremely helpful for evaluating the theoretical uncertainty related to the single-particle levels (e.g., K isomer) in nuclear structural calculations.

International clinical placement – Experiences of nursing students’ cultural, personal and professional development; a qualitative study

The purpose was to capture the experiences of cultural, personal and professional development during International Clinical Placement (ICP) among nursing students from three European countries.The paper presents findings based on the analysis of 23 reflections written by students immediately after returning from their ICP. The design builds on a qualitative study using a phenomenological approach and meaning condensation inspired by Kirsti Malterud.The analysis revealed four themes: Communication and barriers to be overcome, Culture as a serious business, Personal and professional achievements and Challenges and the importance of preceptorship.The ICP impacted on the participants’ personal as well as professional way of understanding themselves as students and future nurses. A profound difference was seen between the achieved learning outcomes of participants completing an ICP in a high- or low–income country, respectively. Language barriers, the local culture and different nursing cultures were often challenging and pushed participants out of their comfort zone. All participants developed their cultural understanding in accordance with the Papadopoulos, Tilki and Taylor Model for Developing Cultural Competence. Findings indicate that educational institutions should establish well-planned exchange opportunities that adopt a two-way reciprocal (Erasmus) exchange programmes and be aware of the value of an appointed preceptor in the host country.