Phenomenological Research Approach Research Articles

Coagulation/Fibrinolysis and Thrombosis in Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Review Based on Up-To-Date Knowledge

The hallmark of this article was to explore the lived experiences of young women during the COVID-19 lockdowns in high-density suburbs in Zimbabwe. Qualitative research design and the hermeneutic phenomenological research approach were utilized.

Hermeneutic Phenomenology Research Approach: A Review of the Continuing Professional Development in the Clinical Speciality of Cardiology

Hermeneutic Phenomenology Research Approach: A Review of the Continuing Professional Development in the Clinical Speciality of Cardiology

Covid-19: Double Tragedy for Women in High-Density Suburbs of Zimbabwe

The hallmark of this article was to explore the lived experiences of young women during the COVID-19 lockdowns in high-density suburbs in Zimbabwe. Qualitative research design and the hermeneutic phenomenological research approach were utilized.

Making a Debut in Teaching: Uncovering Prospective Teachers' First-time Teaching Experiences in Schools

First-time teaching is a transitional phase for novice teachers and it is an exciting experience and challenging task that needs to examine qualitatively. The purpose of the study is to explore prospective teachers' teaching experience as they practically live through teaching in the classroom for the first time in their lives. The phenomenological research approach was employed to explore the lived experience of thirteen teachers who were selected purposively from public and private schools in a district of the province of Punjab, Pakistan. Data were collected by interviewing the participants in an open-ended form of questions. The emergent main themes include debut in the classroom, managing classrooms, providing instructions, supported by cooperative teachers and support from school. The analysis of the themes and sub-themes revealed that prospective teachers experienced teaching quite differently from their expectations. The handling of the teaching situation became both challenging and exciting for them. The results have implications for prospective and novice teachers and educators, school administrators and experts of pre-service teacher programs who can make a plan to improve teaching conditions and enrich teaching experiences in the schools.

Community-Level Factors and HIV Health Among Older People Living With HIV (PLWH) in Alabama, United States: A Qualitative Analysis.

As the number of older people living with HIV (PLWH) is increasing, there is an urgent need for research on community-level factors to better understand the health care needs of this population. In-depth interview transcripts of 20 older PLWH who participated in a community-based participatory research study conducted in Alabama, in the United States, were analyzed through a phenomenological research approach. Results suggest that crime, lack of resources, and social isolation experienced at the community levels were found to be associated with the wellbeing of older PLWH. Moreover, community characteristics may confound older PLWH's comorbid conditions and resultant polypharmacy. An increased understanding of the impact of contextual factors on HIV health can inform more holistic individual- and community-level interventions aimed at addressing barriers to retention or re-engagement in HIV medical care and viral suppression among older PLWH.

Self-Leadership in a Critical Care Outreach Service for Quality Patient Care

The deterioration of patients in general wards could go unnoticed owing to the intermittent monitoring of vital data. The delayed or missed recognition of deteriorating patients results in serious adverse events in general wards. These challenges have resulted in the development of a critical care outreach service. Australia was the first country to establish critical care outreach services in 1990. In South Africa, critical care outreach services were implemented in 2005 at a private hospital in Pretoria. The researcher has noticed certain phenomena supported by literature such as the hesitancy of nurses working in general wards to escalate a patient to a critical care outreach service, and incorrect interpretation of modified early warning scores which could cause delays in patients being referred to outreach nurse experts. In this study, nurses’ (professional, staff and auxiliary nurses) experiences in respect of their self-leadership in critical care outreach services were explored. To this end, a qualitative phenomenological research approach was followed. Focus groups were held with the nurses (all nurse categories) working in a South African private hospital which provides critical care outreach services. It is recommended that nurses be granted access to training sessions, workshops and information to provide appropriate nursing care. Nurses should be encouraged to focus on the positive outcomes of providing nursing care and to “applaud themselves mentally” when they have successfully assisted or cared for their patients. Nurses also need to identify and correct negative assumptions about their competence.

THE MOTHERHOOD EXPERIENCES OF WOMEN EMPLOYEES: AN INTERPRETIVE FIELD STUDY IN TURKEY

Motherhood is an extensive research topic that can be seen in different disciplines. Problems arising from motherhood are the main research questions of this research. Social constructivism has been chosen as a philosophical basis of the research in order to understand subjective motherhood experiences of female employees through their self- expressions. Phenomenological research approach has been chosen with qualitative research design. Participants of this study consist of 33 working mothers with 0-6 years old children in Turkey. For sampling method, snowball sampling method was used as a purposive sampling strategy. Qualitative data is gathered by using an unstructured interview form with 13 questions. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis method. According to research findings, the first priority of working mothers is motherhood. Keeping a balance between motherhood and work is a real challenge for working mothers. Working mothers experience various problems at workplace. Keywords: Motherhood, working mothers, women employees, gender, Turkey

Fostering Archive Awareness at Art Museums in South Africa

The purpose of this article is to emphasise the importance of exhibiting archival records in art museum spaces as a knowledge development and information dissemination stance. The article also draws attention to the limitations that are encountered in fostering the public programming of archives through digital technology in art museums. The 2013 Revised White Paper on Arts, Culture and Heritage states that cultural and creative industries should ensure that as many South Africans as possible have access to arts, culture, and heritage offerings, and this includes archival records. However, art museum archives continue to be exclusionist and often act as historical, social, and information barriers for end users. This qualitative study accentuates the importance of physical and remote public programming activities for art museums and art galleries. The study followed a phenomenological research approach and explored the experiences and perceptions of art museum end users in relation to the adequacy of archive public programming. The findings suggest that exhibiting archival holdings at art museums can create awareness among audiences and expose such audiences to cultural history through the archival exhibits, which could be shared externally through digital media.

Potential of Hospital Fraud in the Indonesia National Health Insurance Era (A Descriptive Phenomenological Research)

Results of the Public Research Anti Corruption Clearing House The Corruption Eradication Commission submitted on December 2, 2016 that until mid-2015 there was a potential of 175,774 hospital claims of fraud that had been detected with a value of Rp. 440 M. In 2016 found an indication of 1 million fictitious claims from the hospital with a value of Rp. 2 trillion. The potential for fraud in hospitals in the era of National Health Insurance (NHI) in Indonesia will have an impact on health financing inefficiencies and at the same time a threat to the sustainability of the NHI program which is expected to reach Universal Health Coverage in 2019. This phenomenological study aims to explore understanding and meaning of the concept of fraud for parties who has had the potential to commit fraud at the hospital. The research method used qualitative research with a Descriptive Phenomenology Research approach. The informants were officers who served patients in administrative and medical matters and the hospital management was selected by purposive sampling. The focus of the study was the experience felt by informants in running the NHI program and how knowledge and attitudes of informants towards the phenomenon of fraud in hospitals. The results achieved in this phenomenological research were in the form of a reflection of the implementation of NHI in hospitals, especially relating to the phenomenon of potential fraud reflected in the knowledge and attitudes of the hospital about fraud and a description of the occurrence of fraud in the hospital. This is the basis for researchers to formulate indicators of potential fraud that still needs to be tested in a larger population.

Organizational and environmental contexts affecting school principals' distributed leadership practices.

The aim of this study is to determine the organizational and environmental contexts that affect the distributed leadership behaviours of school principals working in primary schools in Turkey. A phenomenological research approach has been adopted and data was collected via semi-structured interviews conducted with 15 primary school principals. Maximum variation sampling strategy is used in recruiting participants and the collected data was analysed using content analysis. The results suggested that legislations, school culture, parents’ and students’ culture, national culture, and centralized and bureaucratic structure affect the attitude school principals distribute the leadership in schools. School principals generally do not want to share leadership with teachers or parents. While the justification about teachers is based on their reluctance to take responsibility or the negative competition between them, the justification for parents is based on the potential of parents' leadership to be a threat towards social justice at school. In addition, the law puts more responsibility on school principals, pushing them to become the leader of the school. However, school principals do not have as much authority as responsibility at schools. Thus, the hierarchical structure that intensifies the power in the center will provide more effective control over the school.

Doctoral Students’ Transition to the Academic Culture of Foreign Universities: Setting the Stage for PhD

International doctoral students’ journey towards their PhD studies begins with finding an appropriate research supervisor and making a transition to the academic environment in a foreign university. The successful academic transition eventually determines the success of doctoral students. The present study aims to examine doctoral students’ experiences of searching for a supervisor, seeking their colleagues’ support for integration into the university and to describe their experiences of shifting to a relatively different field of study. Thirteen Pakistani doctoral students were purposively selected to explore their lived experiences of making the transition to Austrian universities. The Phenomenological research approach guided the present study. The data collected through interviewing the participants was thematically analyzed that lead to the emergence of the themes; finding a supportive supervisor, developing a research proposal, support for transition and transition to a different field. The themes revealed that it was hard and by chance to get a supportive supervisor while being in another country. Doctoral students’ colleagues supported them to explore the institutional environment that helped them integrate into the university. Nevertheless, shifting to a relatively different field of research was challenging and slowed down the process of transition. The research has implications for prospective doctoral students for adequate preparation before entering into a foreign university.

"My Eyes Have Nothing to Do With How My Legs Move": Individuals With Visual Impairments' Experiences With Learning to Run.

The purpose of this study was to describe the reflections of adults with visual impairments about learning to run during K-12 physical education. An interpretative phenomenological analysis research approach was used, and eight adults (age 22-35years) with visual impairments served as participants. Primary data sources were semistructured, audiotaped telephone interviews and reflective interview notes. Based on a thematic data analysis process, two themes were developed: (a)"I wouldn't expect anything better from you": running instruction in physical education and (b)"You look like the guy in the crosswalk signal": making up for the shortcomings of physical education. The narratives portraying these themes highlight the lack of instruction that took place in physical education, and the fact that no running instruction occurred at all. These findings indicate that professionals working with individuals with visual impairments should use instructional strategies that will allow for maximum access to learning fundamental movement skills such as running.

Socialization Experiences of First-Year Adapted Physical Education Teachers With a Master's Degree.

The purpose of this study was to examine the meaning that first-year adapted physical education teachers with a master's degree ascribed to their occupational socialization experiences. An interpretative phenomenological analysis research approach was used, and occupational socialization theory was adopted as the theoretical framework. Five teachers participated in this study. The sources of data were a semistructured focus group interview, semistructured one-to-one interviews, and reflective interview notes. Thematic development involved a three-step analysis process informed by the research approach. Three themes were constructed: (a)interactions with individuals with disabilities and activity experiences, (b)recruitment of adapted physical education teacher education students, and (c)graduate training and initial workplace experiences. The constructed themes provide unique insight into how teachers are socialized into adapted physical education and the meaning they ascribe to various socialization experiences, such as the limited impact that interactions with individuals with disabilities had on the decision to pursue this career.

Living With Diabetes: Perceived Barriers of Adolescents.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disease during infancy and adolescence. Diabetes causes serious coping problems during adolescence because of the need for continuous observation and because of diabetes-related complications. Thus, adolescents must adapt to and effectively manage their diabetes. This study was designed to determine the perceived barriers to home care in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes using the Health Promotion Model. Eighteen adolescents were selected from the qualified patients who applied to a diabetes polyclinic at a training and research hospital in western Turkey. Interview questions were created based on the Health Promotion Model. A phenomenological analysis of the data was conducted using the content analysis method. The barriers that participants identified as negatively impacting their ability to manage their disease effectively were categorized into the three themes of "negative feelings about having diabetes," "personal barriers," and "environmental barriers." The barriers identified included school, friends, family, fear of complications, lack of information, and personal characteristics, among others. This qualitative study enables us to understand what patients feel because the participants explained their difficulties in managing their disease and in maintaining metabolic control. The findings provide an understanding of the subjective experiences of adolescent patients with diabetes. The findings of this study are intended to be helpful in restructuring training in clinics, raising diabetes awareness among teachers and students, socializing diabetic adolescents, and providing family-centered education.

Lived experience of medical veterans transitioning from military service to civilian nursing education

Many veterans take advantage of the educational benefits afforded them after service. As veterans, students in higher education are a special population with subsequent needs. The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experience of medic student veterans attending a full-time Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) program. This study used the hermeneutic phenomenology research approach to explore the lived experiences of student veterans with military medic experience enrolled in a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) program. While our study revealed diverse student experiences among these veterans, common themes included staying true to military training, normal life, and fitting in as a university student. Findings in this study substantiate medic student veterans attending nursing school represent a unique cohort which can benefit from customized services from the university.

Technology Adoption as an Innovation in Entrepreneurial Marketing Dimension Allowing to Improve Micro and Small Businesses’ Performance

Purpose: The study was aimed at determining the technology adoption serving as an entrepreneurial marketing implementation in the business performance of micro and small businesses in Indonesia. Existing research focuses on medium and large-scale companies, while technology adoption as an entrepreneurial marketing implementation has never been applied to micro and small businesses. Approach/Methodology/Design: At the initial stage, this research employed a qualitative research method with a phenomenological research approach in which samples were obtained from several regions in Indonesia. This study used primary data collected from the results of in-depth interviews, questionnaires and literature studies. Findings: The findings challenge the innovation dimension; it is one of the dimensions in entrepreneurial marketing that can improve micro and small businesses’ performance. Practical Implications: Technology in the form of new production facilities and the use of information technology can support the creation of new products leading to the improvement of business performance. Originality/Value: The study are beneficial for the government or other parties in micro and small business empowerment programs in promoting their courage to invest enabling them to improve their business performance and have stronger competitiveness.

Researching Lived Experience in Education: Misunderstood or Missed Opportunity?

Phenomenological research approaches have become increasingly popular in fields such as psychology, nursing, tourism, and health science but remain underrepresented in education research. This is surprising given that education, a discipline founded on attending to, and building upon, the knowledge and experiences of others, can only benefit from the insights and explication of human experience offered by phenomenological research. One reason for its disfavor may be the oft-intimidating philosophy that underpins, and is critical to the application of, phenomenological approaches to research. This article provides an overview of some of the phenomenology’s key philosophical principles. It pays particular attention to transcendental and hermeneutic phenomenology, their key proponents, and tenets and outlines some similarities and differences between these two phenomenological lineages. Efforts to translate the philosophical principles of phenomenology into an approach to research are discussed, and examples of the application of transcendental and hermeneutic phenomenological approaches to education settings are explored. Once described as more a carefully cultivated thoughtfulness than a technique, phenomenology as a methodology is examined in terms of its trustworthiness and its potential to deepen our Understanding (with a capital U) of the experiences of others. This article acts as a theoretical handrail to support researchers’ first steps into this rich philosophical and theoretical terrain with a view to encouraging increased adoption of this approach to research in education settings.

ATTITUDINAL AND MOTIVATIONAL VARIATIONS BETWEEN MALAWIAN AND NIGERIAN IMMIGRANTS WITH REGARD TO THE ACQUISITION OF ISIZULU AND TOWARDS ITS SPEAKERS IN JOHANNESBURG

Ponte Academic JournalOct 2020, Volume 76, Issue 10 ATTITUDINAL AND MOTIVATIONAL VARIATIONS BETWEEN MALAWIAN AND NIGERIAN IMMIGRANTS WITH REGARD TO THE ACQUISITION OF ISIZULU AND TOWARDS ITS SPEAKERS IN JOHANNESBURGAuthor(s): Zilibele Mtumane ,Shoaib MzomaJ. Ponte - Oct 2020 - Volume 76 - Issue 10 doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2020.10.10 Abstract:This paper aims to explore, compare and analyse Malawian and Nigerian immigrants’ attitudes and motivation regarding the acquisition of isiZulu and towards its speakers in Johannesburg. The two central objectives of the article were, first; to determine the types of attitudes and motivations held by each of the two groupings towards isiZulu and its speakers. Second; to establish the underlying reasons for the differences between the two. \r\nBeing investigative and exploratory in nature, the study adopted a phenomenological qualitative research approach, in order to get to the bottom of the problem. The data collected from one-on-one interview method were thematically analysed. Participants’ attitudes were inferred from their responses and reactions to various language learning situations, such as the tendency of the Zulus and black South Africans in general, of insisting to speak isiZulu to black immigrants, regardless of whether the foreign nationals know the language or not. The key finding to emerge from the study was that Malawian nationals harbour more positive attitudes towards isiZulu and its speakers than their Nigerian counterparts. Furthermore, they, Malawian immigrants, were found to be highly motivated to the acquisition of the language than the Nigerians. This was due to differences in the educational levels of the groupings, as well as their differences in the economic activities in the host country. The subheadings of this paper include the introduction, literature review, Methodology, findings and discussion and conclusion. \r\n Download full text:Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution Username Password

Promoting intimate care facilitation in Nursing Education Institutions in South Africa

BackgroundBasic nursing care includes intimate care that requires a nurse and a patient to be in close physical and psychological proximity. The patient's body parts are exposed, and his/her fragile body is seen and touched by a nurse, who is a stranger. The nurse and patient need to establish a relationship based on respect and trust. In South Africa, nursing education institutions use simulation to teach intimate clinical procedures. However, intimate care is not effectively facilitated, and nursing students are not supported when providing such care to diverse patients. PurposeExplore nurse educators’ understanding and experiences of the teaching of intimate care to undergraduate nursing students. MethodA qualitative phenomenology research approach and a social interactionism theory were merged to explore nurse educators' understanding and experiences of teaching intimate care to undergraduate nursing students. Eleven nurse educators working in the selected Nursing Education Institutions in Gauteng Province were purposively sampled. Data were collected using individual in-depth interviews and a focus group. Data were analysed using Moustakas' (1994) phenomenological data analysis method. ResultsFour major themes emerged: the care provided by nurses, facilitation of intimate care, intimate care guidance and support, and intimate care challenges. ConclusionIntimate care should be promoted in NEIs and should form part of the curriculum that promotes caring. It must be facilitated using reality simulation to allow nursing students to experience intimate care realities in a safe environment. This will empower them to be competent, comfortable and confident in providing intimate care to diverse patients.

The lived experiences of healthcare during pregnancy, birth, and three months after in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus

ABSTRACT Being pregnant, giving birth, and becoming a mother the first months after birth, is for women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) a period of difficult challenges. In order to identify their need of support from healthcare, the aim of this study was to describe healthcare during pregnancy, labour, birth, and up to 12 weeks after birth as experienced by Swedish women with T1DM. We used a phenomenological reflective lifeworld research approach, and made 1-2 individual interviews with ten women in late pregnancy and/or 2-3 months after. Transcribed interviews were analysed through focusing on the meanings of the study phenomenon. The results revealed how the diabetes disease, as well as the risks and responsibility that comes with it, become more visible during the period in question, due to a constant monitoring, performed by the woman herself as well as by the healthcare professionals. The essential meaning of the phenomenon is a need to share the burden of risks and responsibilities with healthcare professionals. The complex situation that these women are in, both as experts on their illness and care and in need of care, requires a care that make women feel capable and responsible, but at the same time offers support and relieve them of their responsibility when needed.