Phenomenological Meaning Research Articles

Abused women's vulnerability in daily life and in contact with psychiatric care: In the light of a caring science perspective.

The aim of the study is to deepen the understanding of abused women's vulnerability in relation to how the abuse and encounters with health care professionals affect life. A further aim is to highlight abused women's vulnerability with a caring science perspective. Experience of abuse has consequences for the mental health of women and girls. Abused women may experience health care as unsupportive, and as a result, often chose not to disclose their experiences of abuse. The results of two qualitative empirical studies were analysed along with a phenomenological meaning analysis in accordance with the methodological principles of Reflective Lifeworld Research. Living one's life with experiences of abuse implies vulnerability, which can prevent abused women from achieving good health. This vulnerability results from insecurity regarding identity, along with the sense that one could have been a different individual if it were not for the abuse and thereby have a more fair chance in life. Being cared for within general psychiatric care could further increase this vulnerability. The healthcare professional's ability to care for the women who have experienced abuse leads to either an encounter of trust or else further suffering for the women. A lifeworld-oriented caring science perspective as a foundation for care can contribute to care for abused women which reaches the existential dimensions of their vulnerability and vulnerable life situation. It is evident that healthcare professionals should deepen their understanding of how abused women live, within a general psychiatric context. This study enables a deeper understanding of abused women's vulnerability in relation to how the abuse and encounters with healthcare professionals affect life.

FENOMENOLOJİ VE MEDYA OKURYAZARLIĞI

Is phenomenology a movement or concept? Is it a research method in human science? Different approaches have been introduced with the term of phenomenology, even it has been named as movement.It is commonly understood in either of two ways: as a disciplinary field in philosophy, or as a movement. In phenomenologist's point of view, “Phenomenology is the theory of experiences in general, inclusive of all matters, whether real or intentional, given in experiences, and evidently discoverable in them Phenomenology demands that we seek to discover the world as it is experienced by those involved in it. It is about the nature of human experience and the meaning that people attach to their experiences. The axis of phenomenology is discussion about conscious, the conscious which becomes manifest in mind without any median and prejudice. Media literacy is a gate for this conscious and maybe we can say that considering circumstances of contemporary life in third millennium and modern society that are ensuring concept of media literacy, without media literacy this conscious is distorted. In this regards, the research paper attempts to analyse the term of phenomenology and its relation to media literacy. In this regards, what is discussed in this study is as follows: ‘What is the meaning of Phenomenology’, ‘What is the position of the term?’, ‘Who are the most important researchers on this field?’, What is the usibility of the topic’, ‘To what extend has the phenomenology been used by media literacy?’

A phenomenological Meaning on the proposition ‘mind is principle’ of Wang Shouren

A phenomenological Meaning on the proposition ‘mind is principle’ of Wang Shouren

Project of fundamental ontology: transformation or overcoming phenomenology?

In his paper the author considers the issue of phenomenological destruction in the works by M. Heidegger, which was finalized in Heidegger’s fundamental book «Being and Time». The dynamics of Heidegger’s methodological search is presented, beginning from his lecture courses in the 1920s. It is shown that practical (primary) experience is gained owing to description of experience of Christian life in the Letters of Paul the Apostle. Heidegger modifies his own methodology then in the Phenomenological interpretations of Aristotle. The main phenomenon in the above work changes its nature: it exists in the concealed way rather than is directly given and phenomenological destruction is therefore modified to some extent. In The Hermeneutics of Facticity Heidegger’s methodological position is further developed. For now facticity means the existential nature of “our own existence here”, whereas the term Dasein itself completely replaces a rather unclear concept of life. In «Being and Time» Heidegger eventually re-interprets all the main concepts: phenomenology, ontology and hermeneutics to the extent that at different stages of his work he totally discards them. And a subsequent explication of the concept of phenomenon radically transforms the project of phenomenological research itself: the first phenomenon mainly conceals itself rather than reveals. According to the author of the paper, such research method can be named in different ways (destruction, hermeneutics etc.), but naming it a phenomenological method means assigning to the terms of phenomenology and phenomenological the meanings alien to them.

Writing the in-between spaces: Discovering Hermeneutic-Phenomenological seeing in Dadaabi Refugee Camp, Kenya

In this paper, I explore my journey of discovering the meaning of pedagogy and phenomenology as a research methodology while doing my master’s thesis. Like new researchers in any field, we have a journey that we travel which is often marked with uncertainty and a lack of clarity, especially with regard to methodological considerations. I describe what seeing pedagogy entails for me as I write phenomenologically. I also outline the difficulties and tensions present as I weave my way into writing. I use personal examples of struggles that I encountered in the writing process that are characteristic of phenomenological methodology.

Caring potentials in the shadows of power, correction, and discipline—Forensic psychiatric care in the light of the work of Michel Foucault

The aim of this article is to shed light on contemporary forensic psychiatric care through a philosophical examination of the empirical results from two lifeworld phenomenological studies from the perspective of patients and carers, by using the French philosopher Michel Foucault's historical–philosophical work. Both empirical studies were conducted in a forensic psychiatric setting. The essential results of the two empirical studies were reexamined in a phenomenological meaning analysis to form a new general structure in accordance with the methodological principles of Reflective Lifeworld Research. This general structure shows how the caring on the forensic psychiatric wards appears to be contradictory, in that it is characterized by an unreflective (non-)caring attitude and contributes to an inconsistent and insecure existence. The caring appears to have a corrective approach and thus lacks a clear caring structure, a basic caring approach that patients in forensic psychiatric services have a great need of. To gain a greater understanding of forensic psychiatric caring, the new empirical results were further examined in the light of Foucault's historical–philosophical work. The philosophical examination is presented in terms of the three meaning constituents: Caring as correction and discipline, The existence of power, and Structures and culture in care. The philosophical examination illustrates new meaning nuances of the corrective and disciplinary nature of forensic psychiatric care, its power, and how this is materialized in caring, and what this does to the patients. The examination reveals embedded difficulties in forensic psychiatric care and highlights a need to revisit the aim of such care.

“The garden of love's decay”: the suburban garden as eco-poetic space in South Africa

Alan Mabin recently noted that “Suburbs have been a silent presence in the widely disseminated ‘models’ of the apartheid city. [H]ow the suburbs happened is assumed rather than understood.” Many suburbs, including the famously well-treed northern suburbs of Johannesburg and, indeed, the historically white suburbs of Grahamstown, do not fit the American or Australian stereotype; their uses and meanings prove to be extremely patchy and variable in practice. Susan Parnell and Mabin have thus been arguing for a break away from what they perceive as methods “bound by racial fetishism” that have obscured many dimensions of urbanisation from view. The ecology of the small garden offers one such break. Increasingly, urbanisation studies are environmental or ecological in their approach, yet even here the garden for a long time has scarcely featured. This article makes a move towards filling that gap. Against the background of urbanisation studies both in South Africa and elsewhere, outlining the multi-layered cultural histories of the suburban garden, the article focuses on the poetry of Don Maclennan from a broadly ecocritical perspective. Such literatures, it is suggested, provide crucial insights into the phenomenological meanings of gardens at the individual emotional level.

Ontologies et phenomenologies du corps politique: les voies de l’analogie. En chemin avec Claude Lefort.

This paper focuses on the analogy between the body and the political body, and presents the problem that is still – for our political time – this very analogy. It is done, at first, by following and developing the original work of the French political thinker Claude Lefort, who changed the terms and even the meaning of political phenomenology itself. Yet, if Claude Lefort’s inheritance has to be increased in phenomenology, his thought also reveals a strange paradox which opens with it a critical confrontation that a second article will fully develop, and that is here synthesized: indeed, the analogy of the political body is at the same time what in its very refusal unifies contemporary political philosophies – dismissing the analogy either as the language of another age of politics or as the language of the totalitarian wish of reincorporation –, and what nevertheless continues to resist implicitly in all these political writings, even if it is at times under the mask of the complicated lexicon of some Flesh of the social. By coming back to the concept of Flesh itself and its origin in the thought of M. Merleau-Ponty, the end of the article opens a confrontation between the political phenomenology renewed by Claude Lefort and our own attempt to phenomenologically reform the analogy of the political body.

Struggling for a normal life: Work as an individual self-care management strategy among persons living with non-malignant chronic pain

A significant part of the population suffers from non-malignant chronic pain that is not treated by pain specialists. No successful long-term treatment exists. The patients have to deal with their condition in collaboration with health personnel establishing treatment programmes under uncertain circumstances with few guidelines. Thus, there is a strong need for knowledge on how patients with chronic non-malignant pain manage their condition. The aim of the study was to explore how patients with chronic non-malignant pain deal with their condition. Twenty patients with chronic non-malignant pain (aged 26-63 in year 2006) told in an open-ended interview situation, how they lived with and dealt with their condition. The interviews were analysed within a phenomenological meaning condensation framework. For all patients the pain was as an integrated part of their life that required huge efforts to cope with. Typically, the patients experienced loneliness, fear of stigmatization and despair because of their unpredictable condition, and they wanted to come back to a normalized daily life, first and foremost by getting back to paid work. In general, the patients developed individual strategies that were influenced by their local contexts and life situation as well as the pain itself. This may be interpreted in line with Bourdieu's notions of habitus, strategies and social capital.

Translating a national grand narrative into a personal biographies

This article examines the connection between grand narratives and the creative ways that individuals translate them into personal biographies through a case study of a boarding school for gifted disadvantaged youth in Israel. To test the state’s grand narrative, I performed a content analysis of minutes of governmental protocols as well as organizational reports at the time the boarding school was established. The state grand narrative stresses the rescue of Jews from Arab countries by the leaders of the state and the linear Oriental-to-Occidental cultural development that these Jews must undergo in order to survive in modern life. To examine the question of how the grand narrative is translated into personal biographies, sixty graduates of the boarding school and thirty-two siblings who did not attend the boarding school were interviewed. The findings demonstrate that the graduates of the boarding school translated the grand narrative into a special narrative configuration known as the alternative biography, a concept that addresses the lifeworlds that, in the subjects’ judgment, might have characterized their lives under different circumstances. Further, the structure of this narrative points to one explicit alternative biography, that of the sibling who did not attend the boarding school. The disscusion chapter explores the phenomenological meanings of this singular narrative configuration.

Phenomenological Meanings of Death in Martin Heidegger's Ontology and Death Education

Phenomenological Meanings of Death in Martin Heidegger's Ontology and Death Education

New Phenomenological Model of Hot Mean Flow Stress

Abstract Based on the measurement of roll forces during the laboratory hot rolling of flat samples graded in thickness, the new phenomenological type of mean flow stress model was developed and applied on plain-carbon and HSLA steels. The obtained models describe with a very good accuracy the hot deformation resistance characteristics in the temperature range 1123 to 1463 K, large effective strain, and strain rate in the useful range of approximately 10 to 100 s−1. Difficulty in the mathematical description of the influence of temperature on mean flow stress in the wide range of temperature by a single equation was solved by introducing another constant in the temperature member of the conventional model. The newly proposed model solves by phenomenological means a frequent problem of heteroscedasticity of relative deviations between the calculated and experimental values of mean flow stress values depending on temperature. It becomes more reliable from the viewpoint of the operational application, e.g. fast prediction of mean flow stress values and power/force parameters necessary in the steering systems of hot rolling mills.

Baseball Players, Organizational Communication, and Cultural Diversity: Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Minor-League Clubhouses

As baseball attracts players from more and more cultures, players are called on to function in an increasingly diverse environment. Scholars of baseball and culture have been following these changes from various perspectives. Several presentations at the Nineteenth Annual NINE Spring Training Conference on the Historical and Sociological Impact of Baseball, for example, looked at the roles of owners, media, league officials, and governments in promoting or stifling diversity in baseball. (1) One presentation, however, alluded to players' approaches to diversity: Ila Borders described how her on-field performance improved following her move to a culturally diverse minor-league team. She attributed much of her improvement to the communication among team members, which she characterized as supporting and embracing cultural differences. (2) Her story was thought-provoking and leads to a number of questions. What aspects of being in a multicultural context influence communications among team members? What significance does cultural identification hold for professional baseball players? In what ways might culture affect performance? In an initial effort to address questions such as these, prior interviews with culturally identified minor-league players were analyzed and results were interpreted with reference to relevant and instructive approaches from the field of organizational communication. METHODS To explore what culture means to players, thirty-seven minor-league players were interviewed during the 2011 season. Of the thirty-seven players interviewed, six were playing Class AAA ball, eleven were playing Class AA ball, an additional player was interviewed twice--at both the AA and AAA levels--and nineteen were playing Class A Short Season ball. They included seventeen Jewish players, fifteen African American players, and three Spanish-speaking players born in the United States--two additional players, native speakers of neither Spanish nor English, were born outside the United States. The predominance of Jewish and African American interviewees reflects the original goals of the study: to understand the phenomenological meanings of cultural identification in baseball among members of two minorities, one visible (African American), one not (Jewish). During the course of the interviews, and in light of Ila Borders's story, players' comments suggested a different research question: How do players react to cultural diversity within their teams? To help address this question, data from interviews with an additional thirty Spanish-speaking minor-league players were also included in the analysis. These latter interviews were conducted in Spanish during the 2009 and 2010 seasons as part of a separate study. (3) Semistructured interviews were conducted with players individually, with the exception of three two-player interviews and one three-player interview that included two players who had previously been interviewed separately. Indeed, four of the thirty-seven players were interviewed on two separate occasions. All players were at least eighteen years old, and all were informed that (a) the researcher was affiliated with a college and not with any team or league, (b) participation was voluntary, and (c) no information would be shared that could identify a particular player or team. The inferred trustworthiness of responses is also based on observations that players were accessible and generous with their time and expressed interest in the research; many actually thanked the researcher for addressing the topic of culture in minor-league baseball. Many players requested contact information to obtain a copy of the results or additional information related to cultural identification. In addition, it was possible to observe a number of the players' interactions with other culturally-diverse teammates, and thus to validate their statements. Players gave their consent to have the interviews audio recorded. …

A partially self-consistent phenomenological nuclear mean field

A version of a partially self-consistent phenomenological mean field of a nucleus that considers the effect of nucleon density polarization due to particle-hole interaction is proposed. Allowing for this effect enables us to fit the calculated charge radius of the nucleus and the energies of isobaric analog resonance to the corresponding observed magnitudes without using any additional parameters.

A APLICAÇÃO DA FENOMENOLOGIA NOS ESTUDOS ORGANIZACIONAIS NO BRASIL

<p>Este trabalho tem o objetivo de apresentar um entendimento a respeito de como o método fenomenológico vem sendo utilizado em pesquisas no campo dos estudos organizacionais. Para isso, foram analisadas pesquisas que utilizaram a fenomenologia, buscando compreender e descrever a sua utilização, as características semelhantes entre os temas estudados, as queixas e dificuldades relatadas pelos pesquisadores, os objetos de estudo e as técnicas de pesquisa, entre outros fatores. Os artigos selecionados são provenientes de trabalhos científicos utilizados na pesquisa feita por Silveira, Fischer e Olivier (2010), que realizaram um mapeamento de artigos em Administração sobre a Fenomenologia e sobre sua aplicação como método de pesquisa. Para fins de atualização desta pesquisa, foram mapeados outros artigos publicados posteriormente nos mesmos eventos e periódicos. Pôde-se evidenciar que a abordagem fenomenológica ou o método fenomenológico tem alcance epistemológico consistente e significativo para aplicação ao estudo dos mais variados problemas no campo dos estudos organizacionais. Além disso, esse tipo de estudo buscou contribuir para a melhor assimilação do significado da fenomenologia, a compreensão de como se deu sua passagem do método filosófico para o método de pesquisa e, assim, entrever seu potencial de adoção em estudos organizacionais.<br /><br /></p>

Family gauge bosons with an inverted mass hierarchy

A model that gives family gauge bosons with an inverted mass hierarchy is proposed, stimulated by Suminoʼs cancellation mechanism for the QED radiative correction to the charged lepton masses. The Sumino mechanism cannot straightforwardly be applied to SUSY models because of the nonrenormalization theorem. In this Letter, an alternative model which is applicable to a SUSY model is proposed. It is essential that family gauge boson masses m(Aij) in this model is given by an inverted mass hierarchy m(Aii)∝1/mei, in contrast to m(Aii)∝mei in the original Sumino model. Phenomenological meaning of the model is also investigated. In particular, we notice a deviation from the e–μ universality in the tau decays.

The problem of the right access and the formal indication

Abstract The problem of the right access and the formal indication. The phenomenological hermeneutics of facticity, Heidegger’s first philosophical program, cannot be understood from the usual idea that opposes hermeneutical ontology to the primacy of method; On the contrary, its fundamental problem is that of the “right access” to factical life. The importance of this problem contains a mutual implication between the subject (factical life) and the method. It is concerned with the determination of the original Gegebenheit of factical life and with the modes of its apprehension. This paper aims at explaining the status and function of the specific phenomenological means required by this problem.

Technology in Rehabilitation: Ethical and Curricular Implications for Physical Therapist Education

Background and Purpose. In recent years, the development of assistive technologies in rehabilitation has outpaced considered ethical reflection about their application. The use of assistive technologies raises both ethical issues and values conflicts in terms of education, accessibility, and patient/client preferred values, beliefs, and goals. The purpose of this position paper is two fold: (1) to discuss the various aspects of assistive technology (AT) in terms of patient/client care, ethics and values conflicts, and influential factors, and (2) examine curricular implications and applications with patient/client care in physical therapy professional education. Position and Rationale. Due to the many factors influencing AT use, clinicians and students need to think carefully and deeply about the interface of certain technologies for patients/clients with chronic conditions. The ethical principles of autonomy, social justice, and the phenomenological meaning of AT for patients/clients and their families must be taken into account by rehabilitation professionals. With recent technological advances of AT, the authors consider the need for faculty to explore, within the curricula, the ethical implications of technological applications for patient/client care and the integration of AT into PT education programs. Discussion and Conclusions. Several national organizations and governmental agencies have begun to address the numerous aspects of AT utility, access, and denial. Emerging clinical research continues to promote the clinical and environmental impact of AT for provider care and patient/client rehabilitation. Yet, in the 21st century, not all AT access is equal or desired in patient/client populations. As educators prepare health care providers for the 21st century in the United States, the time has come to re-examine implications of contemporary AT for physical therapy education, focusing on the issues of ethical and social justice. The authors address the need for expanded interprofessional collaboration to ensure the full spectrum of ethical use and safe application of assistive technology in patient/client rehabilitation. Keywords: Ethics, Physical therapy education, Assistive technology, Interprofessional education. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Introduction The Winter 201 1 special issue of the Journal of Physical Therapy Education reminds us how assistive technologies have helped patients with disabilities gain more independence and improve quality of life. Assistive technology (AT) is denned as devices and product systems that assist persons with disabilities with the performance of therapy, daily tasks, and activities 1(p59) (see Appendix for a guide to acronyms). Technologies range from no technologies (no tech) to low-level technologies (low tech) to highly complex technologies (high tech). High tech has evolved in recent years to include robotics,2 telemedicine,3 virtual reality,4 computer interface brain waves,5 deep brain stimulation,6 and implantation of microchips to assist in both recovery and improved function in individuals with disabilities.7 Assistive technology compliance and use is influenced by a combination of (Figure) social, economic, ethical, and cultural factors. Rehabilitation providers should be aware of these many influences, including how their own values guide and influence patients/ clients and caregivers in complex decisions regarding the utility of AT. As technology becomes more complex, so do the ethical issues associated with AT use. Rehabilitation professionals and educators must consider ethical issues and socio-cultural factors associated with AT. The complexity of high tech requires rehabilitation educators to carefully instruct future rehabilitation professionals how to critically assess ethical issues associated with AT and AT decision-making. Purpose The purpose of this position paper is two-fold. First, we explore the associated ethics, agencies, and guidelines related to AT. …

REVIVING CHRISTIAN HUMANISM: SCIENCE AND RELIGION*

Abstract. A possible consequence of the dialogue between science and religion is a revived religious humanism—a firmer grasp of the historical and phenomenological meanings of the great world religions correlated with the more accurate explanations of the rhythms of nature that natural science can provide. The first great expressions of religious humanism in the West emerged when Jewish, Christian, and Islamic scholars sat in the same libraries in Spain and Sicily, studying and translating the lost manuscripts of Aristotle in the ninth and tenth centuries to understand his ethics, epistemology, and psychobiology. In our day, the science‐religion dialogue—exemplified by interaction among psychology, spirituality, and psychotherapy—will best support such a revival if guided by the philosophical resources of critical hermeneutics (sometimes called hermeneutical realism) supplemented by William James's brand of phenomenology and pragmatism. Here, I develop primarily the contributions of Paul Ricoeur to hermeneutic realism and his unique ability to find a place for the natural sciences within hermeneutic phenomenology in his formula of understanding‐explanation‐understanding.

An Algorithm for Optimally Fitting a Wiener Model

The purpose of this work is to present a new methodology for fitting Wiener networks to datasets with a large number of variables. Wiener networks have the ability to model a wide range of data types, and their structures can yield parameters with phenomenological meaning. There are several challenges to fitting such a model: model stiffness, the nonlinear nature of a Wiener network, possible overfitting, and the large number of parameters inherent with large input sets. This work describes a methodology to overcome these challenges by using several iterative algorithms under supervised learning and fitting subsets of the parameters at a time. This methodology is applied to Wiener networks that are used to predict blood glucose concentrations. The predictions of validation sets from models fit to four subjects using this methodology yielded a higher correlation between observed and predicted observations than other algorithms, including the Gauss‐Newton and Levenberg‐Marquardt algorithms.