Data Analysis Phase Research Articles

Analisis Penerapan Profil Pelajar Pancasila dalam Pembentukan Karakter Peserta Didik di SDN 23 Talang Babungo

According to the Pancasila Student Profile Project, one of the primary features of the Merdeka curriculum is the autonomy of students in cultivating their character and soft skills. Through extracurricular and intracurricular activities that emphasize developing students' character in their everyday lives, the school culture implements the Pancasila student profile. The purpose of this study is to ascertain how the Pancasila student profile is used to help students at SDN 23 Talang Babungo develop their character. This research employs a qualitative methodology. Direct observation of grade V students and in-depth interviews with the principal, instructors, and students were used to gather data. Techniques for gathering data include documentation, interviews, and observation. Data reduction, data presentation, and verification were the phases of descriptive and interpretative data analysis. The study's findings demonstrate that using the Pancasila student profile enables students to incorporate Pancasila ideals into their daily lives, boosting their motivation, engagement, and critical thinking abilities. Additionally, education fosters the development of social skills in kids, such collaboration and environmental awareness. Teachers must consistently adopt techniques with diverse innovations to tackle the issues that occur in the school. This will ensure that the Pancasila student profile is implemented easily and that the aim of building students' character

Conscious and Correct Use of Biostatistical Methods in Medical Researches: From Planning to Reporting the Results - Part II

In this part of the review, statistical tests utilized to examine hypotheses regarding population parameters on a representative sample, which forms the fundamentals of inferential statistics are discussed. The selection of an appropriate statistical test by verifying its assumptions and interpreting the results objectively is crucial for obtaining accurate conclusions. Understanding the terms related to type I and type II errors, p-value, power of the study, effect size, and confidence interval will contribute to the correct interpretation of both the results obtained from statistical tests in scientific research and the findings of articles read from the literature. In addition to univariate tests, the three most commonly employed multiple regression models are also addressed to control for the effect of potential confounding factors and other independent variables utilized in the study. Statistical computing has become much more accessible in recent times, with researchers having access to freeware packages or web applications to perform basic and advanced statistical analyses. Researchers frequently focus on the calculation of statistical tests used in data analysis, whereas, understanding the rationale behind statistical methods should be the primary goal. Therefore, this review emphasizes the logic of selecting appropriate statistical methods and interpreting the results rather than mathematical calculations. It is essential to recognize that biostatistical principles should be considered not only in the data analysis phase but also in all phases of research, from planning to report writing. It should be note that, no statistical analysis method can correct erroneous data obtained from a poorly designed study.

Epigenetics Embedding of Oral Feeding Skill Development in Preterm Infants: A Study Protocol.

Preterm infants face challenges to feed orally, which may lead to failure to thrive. Oral feeding skill development requires intact neurobehaviors. Early life stress results in DNA methylation of NR3C1 and HSD11B2, which may disrupt neurobehaviors. Yet, the extent to which early life stress impairs oral feeding skill development and the biomechanism whereby this occurs remains unknown. Our team is conducting an NIH funded study (K23NR019847, 2022-2024) to address this knowledge gap. To describe an ongoing study protocol to determine the extent to which early life stress, reflected by DNA methylation of NR3C1 and HSD11B2 promoter regions, compromises oral feeding skill development. This protocol employs a longitudinal prospective cohort study. Preterm infants born between 26 and 34weeks gestational age have been enrolled. We evaluate early life stress, DNA methylation, cortisol reactivity, neurobehaviors, and oral feeding skill development during neonatal intensive care unit hospitalization and at 2-week post-discharge. To date, we have enrolled 70 infants. We have completed the data collection. Currently, we are in the data analysis phase of the study, and expect to disseminate the findings in 2025. The findings from this study will serve as a foundation for future clinical and scientific inquiries that support oral feeding and nutrition, reduce post-discharge feeding difficulties and lifelong risk of maladaptive feeding behaviors and poor health outcomes. Findings from this study will also provide further support for the implementation of interventions to minimize stress in the vulnerable preterm infant population.

Does workplace ostracism lead to knowledge hiding? Modeling workplace withdrawal as a mediator and authentic leadership as a moderator

Given the dearth of information on why, how, and when workplace ostracism affects targets’ knowledge hiding behavior, the present study examines the effect of workplace ostracism on knowledge hiding with workplace withdrawal as a mediator and authentic leadership as a moderator. A two-phase mixed method research design was used where the quantitative phase of data collection and analysis was followed by the qualitative phase. In the quantitative phase, the hypothesized model was tested using a three-wave time-lagged multi- study (Study 1: hotels and Study 2: banks) design for better generalizability. The findings of the quantitative survey were validated qualitatively using case study method in Study 3. The results demonstrated a significant positive influence of workplace ostracism on knowledge hiding behaviors, and workplace withdrawal was found to mediate this relationship. The results also provided support for the moderated mediation model by establishing the buffering effect of authentic leadership on the direct and indirect relationship between workplace ostracism and knowledge hiding through workplace withdrawal. This study makes important theoretical contributions to workplace mistreatment literature and incentivizes practicing managers to address the issue of workplace ostracism by providing empirical evidence on its undesirable negative consequences.

Innovative Benchmarking of Offshore Wind O&M Strategies via AIS Data Analysis

Abstract By analyzing AIS data, this study provides independent insights into the diverse logistic concepts deployed by wind farm operators. The benchmarking framework developed herein facilitates the evaluation of logistic efficiency, resilience, and sustainability, thereby contributing to the identification of best practices in offshore wind operations and maintenance (O&M) logistics. The methodology encompasses data collection, preprocessing, and analysis phases. By providing a transparent and data-driven mechanism for benchmarking offshore wind O&M logistics, this study aids in the identification of inefficiencies and the formulation of strategies to enhance logistic operations. The results indicate significant variations in logistic efficiency across different offshore wind farms (OWF), suggesting that the adoption of best practices could lead to substantial improvements.

A Descriptive Study on Students’ Difficulties in Learning Vocabulary at the Eighth Grade of SMP Negeri 5 Natar

Vocabulary is one of the components of mastering English as a foreign language. Before students study English skills, they should learn about vocabulary as the first step. Based on the preliminary research, showed that the students still faced difficulties in learning vocabulary namely not knowing the meaning of words, not knowing how to pronounce words, and the written words and how to pronounce the words are not the same. This research only focused on students' difficulties in learning vocabulary and factors that cause students' difficulties in learning vocabulary. Descriptive qualitative research design was employed in this research. Purposive sampling was used in this research. The eighth grade of E was taken as a sample because they had lower scores in vocabulary than other classes. The researcher used questionnaires and interviews to collect the data. The questionnaire was used to find out students’ difficulties in learning vocabulary and the interview was used to find out the factors that cause students’ difficulties in learning vocabulary. The three major phases of data analysis are data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. After analyzing the data, the results of the questionnaire showed that there were three difficulties for students in learning vocabulary. The difficulty faced by the students in learning vocabulary was the pronunciation, grammar, and meaning. Based on the students’ interviews, there are three difficulties factors in learning vocabulary. The difficulty factors faced by the students in learning vocabulary was students reluctant to open dictionaries, students less motivation, and students have difficulty concentrating

Determinant Models of Sharia Financial Literacy Muslim Students in Indonesia: A Multidimensional Approach

The Sharia financial institutions in Indonesia, especially the city of Medan, are growing and continuing to compete with the existing conventional finance institutions. This should be combined with public knowledge of the sharia financial institutions. Therefore, there is a need for education toward the financial literature of sharia for the whole layer of society, from parents to children. This research aims to find out the determination factor of the financial literature of sharia in muslim students in indonesia. The dependent variables used in this study are parent income, student learning achievements, information and religious sources with sharia financial literacy as independent variables. Sampling in this study uses purposive sampling. The population in this study was the muslim students who were in the Medan city, Indonesia. The study used a quantitative approach where primary data was obtained through the dissemination of the questionnaire, with the total sample of 180 people. The study was tested for validity and reliability. The data is then analyzed with double regression. All phases of testing and data analysis are carried out with the help of SPSS. The results of this study stated that the variable learning performance and information sources have a significant influence on the financial literacy of muslim students in the city of Medan, Indonesia. Income and religious variables do not affect student financial literacy. This is seen from the t-test with a significance value > 0.05.

Integrating the SDGs into the agenda of an Argentine university

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore the incorporation of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) at the National University of Moreno (Universidad Nacional de Moreno, UNM, in Spanish), focusing on teaching and research activities, encountering difficulties from primary and secondary information sources, to integrate the SDGs, and contribute with actions for their incorporation into teaching and learning processes and research, in a newly established university.Design/methodology/approachTo describe the implementation of the SDGs, an empirical study was conducted using a mixed methodology for data collection. Data collected from the survey were combined with information from the UNM project database for the period 2017–2022. Non-parametric methods were used to analyse both sets of data.FindingsThis study provides an initial overview of SDG implementation at UNM, allowing the identification of constraints and challenges to scale up contributions to the SDGs at UNM, as well as the generation of relevant action lines in the interaction with university's authorities.Research limitations/implicationsConducting studies through questionnaires has limitations, similar to other cases analysed. To increase the validity of the data, prior consultations were carried out. In addition, the database of research projects was used to identify the application of the SDGs in research. However, an approximation of the current situation could be obtained.Practical implicationsParticular importance was given to the challenges encountered during the data analysis phase in relation to capacity building needs. This enabled a set of actions to be defined to bring the SDGs closer to the UNM.Originality/valueAlthough the paper used methodologies already proposed by other authors, such as survey collection, its value lies in demonstrating the possibility of using them to analyse whether the SDGs are integrated into teaching and research activities in a recently founded university, where the SDGs are integrated into its principles. The analysis also complements the survey results with information from project databases, which has not yet been analysed in the literature. Based on the results, activities are designed so that the SDGs could begin to guide teaching and research activities.

Inequitable Community Reciprocity in the Kalomba Tradition in Indonesia

This research aims to analyze and describe the unequal social reciprocity in the kalomba tradition, the implications and sustainability of the kalomba tradition. This research was conducted in Tanah Towa Village, Kajang District, Bulukumba Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Tanah Towa Village was chosen because the kalomba tradition is still strongly maintained and implemented as a traditional obligation and this tradition is specifically found in Kajang District. This research uses a qualitative approach with an ethnographic strategy. Data collection techniques through interviews, observation and documentation as well as the use of field notes (field log). Data sources, in the form of person, place and paper. The person group consists of: (i) elements of village government, (ii) administrators of village community institutions; and (iii) community elements who are directly involved in the Kalomba traditional procession, including community leaders, religious leaders, traditional leaders, and residents who live outside the village, but still have kinship relations with the residents of Tanah Towa Village. Place group through observation by looking closely at the traditional Kalomba procession and specifically observing the Massolo tradition. Paper group by tracing documents, such as Kalomba party permits, records of the number of invitations, records of attendees, records of costs for holding the Kalomba, records of the number of passolo. Data analysis was carried out through the Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) Software Program, to assist during the data processing and analysis phases as well as writing research reports. The research results show that unequal exchange occurs because there is competition to give passolo more than what has been received before, especially passolo from close family because they want to get praise and increase their social status in society. Passolo which exceeds tens of millions of rupiah has psychological, social, economic and cultural implications. However, the Kalomba tradition remains sustainable because it is a traditional obligation, social solidarity and mutual help within the village community.

The Caring Process in Patients with Covid-19: A Grounded Theory Study.

The care process involves essential tasks of assisting, supporting, and facilitating nursing activities to meet the comprehensive needs of patients. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global infectious disease that has caused a pandemic. Nurses play a crucial role in caring for and treating patients with COVID-19. This study aims to explain the care process in patients with COVID-19. A qualitative study using the grounded theory method was conducted from 2021 to 2022. Eleven nurses providing care to hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were purposively selected from the COVID wards of Shariati Hospital in Tehran, Iran. Data were collected through in-depth semistructured interviews and observation. Data analysis was conducted using the approach developed by Corbin and Strauss (2008). The data analysis phase identified a main theme of "protection and support in the shadow of uncertainty" along with five main categories and ten subcategories. The main categories included "encountering life-threatening crisis", "maintaining safety", "improving the patient's physical health", "encouraging", and "feeling satisfied despite the burden of care". Nurses aimed to improve the physical and psychological conditions of patients with COVID-19 by implementing a comprehensive care plan. The five main categories identified can be considered the primary approach to nursing care in the COVID-19 crisis. Additionally, the nurses' experiences can help establish the necessary infrastructure for care and education during other potential health crises.

Multi-Business Policy Model for The Economic Development: A Case of Communities around Forests in Indonesia

This research attempts to investigate, assess and test the key factor influencing the economic growth of communities around forests in Indonesia. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, integrating both qualitative and quantitative techniques. Qualitative data was gathered through in-depth interviews with managers of Indonesian forest management firms, complemented by observations and documentation. The subsequent phases of data analysis involved data reduction, visualization, and verification. Quantitative data were gathered via a survey questionnaire completed by 100 managers of Indonesian forest management organizations, which were then analyzed using partial least squares (PLS). The research identified several qualitative factors that are necessary for the communities surrounding forests in Indonesia, including a multi-business policy and sustainable forest management. The quantitative research results prove that Multi Business Policy positively affects Economic Development of Community around Forests, Multi Business Policy positively affects Sustainable Forest Management, Sustainable Forest Management positively affects Economic Development of Community around Forests, and Sustainable Forest Management mediates the relationship between Multi Business Policy to Economic Development of Community around Forests. Policies and regulations regarding market certainty and sales of the results of multi-community businesses are needed which are guaranteed by the government.

Developing a Tool for Assessing Perceived Parental Socialization of Emotions in Adolescents and Young Adults.

Parenting practices have been described as the practices employed by a parent and the parent-child communication, with the focus on raising a child in the best possible manner while instilling cultural,ethical, and personal values. One similar yet different construct that holds significance in the development of a child is parental socialization of emotion. Parental socialization of emotion is the interaction between the parents and child regarding the emotional experience of the child. This has been considered an essential marker of the development of the emotional and social competence of an individual. There are several scales in the aspect of parenting practices. However, scales for parental socialization of emotionespecially considering the perception of adolescents and young adults have yet to fully be explored. The aim of the study is to establish a comprehensive tool that enables the measurement of perceived parental socialization of emotion (PPSE). The process of tool construction, data collection, and analysis was done in five phases that included reviewing existing tools and identification of domains (Phase 1); generation of an item pool (Phase 2); content validity, face validity, and inter-rater reliability (Phase 3); finalization of the tool for data collection (Phase 4); and data collection and analysis (Phase 5). The study for tool construction included participants from ages 13-28 years representing adolescents and young adults from schools and colleges located in New Delhi, India, as well as Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India. The research designused was a cross-sectional design, and the data were collected through purposive sampling, including males (N = 337) and females (N = 424). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to check the factorability and for item reduction. The results aided in reducing the number of items from 160 to 46 including the process of content validity, inter-rater reliability, item-total statistic, and factor loading of EFA. The factors above the eigenvalue of 3 were retained whileitems above the factor loading of 0.50 were taken into consideration. A good Cronbach's alpha coefficientof 0.88 for the overall tool was established, with 0.89, 0.84, and 0.87 for the domains Awareness, Acceptance, and Coaching, respectively. The scale constructed includes both the positive and negative emotions of an individual and tries to understand the perspective of the receiver of the parenting practice. The study helps in understanding the phenomenon of PPSE, which might also aid in creating awareness regarding efficient parenting practices.

Reflections on the Collaborative Story Analysis Method to Understand Qualitative Perspectives of Indigenous Syringe Services Program Clients

Many scholars have cautioned that the use of Western research methods is problematic in studies with Indigenous communities given colonialist histories that have exploited Indigenous populations. One solution has been to utilize a Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) approach to enhance equity in research partnerships. Employing a CBPR approach, however, does not necessitate the inclusion of Indigenous Research Methods, an additional step that can further benefit studies with their explicit alignment with Indigenous worldviews and values. In a CBPR project aiming to understand Indigenous harm reduction clients' perspectives of barriers and facilitators to opioid use disorder treatment, our research group assembled a multidisciplinary qualitative data analysis team that included diverse tribal community members and academics. Sparse literature was available to guide the use of Indigenous Research Methods for the qualitative data analysis phase of the research. To address this gap, the aims of this process paper are: (1) to describe the implementation of the Collaborative Story Analysis method, and (2) in the Indigenous tradition of honoring and sharing stories, describe our analysis team's experiences and perceptions of implementing this Indigenous Research Method. Through a series of process discussions, the analysis team found that applying the Collaborative Story Analysis method: (1) honored relationships and story, (2) strengthened the depth of analysis, and (3) exhibited tensions when working in a dominant Western culture. Through sharing our team's experiences, the aspiration is that others can use these insights in their own consideration and implementation of an Indigenous Research Method for qualitative data analysis.

Examining the Relationship Between Individual Innovativeness and Positive Future Expectation Levels of Physical Education Teacher Candidates

This study aimed to examine the effect of teacher candidates' individual innovativeness levels on their positive future expectations. A total of 412 teacher candidates, 194 women and 218 men, studying at sports science faculties of universities in Ankara, participated in the research. “Personal Information Form”, “Individual Innovativeness Scale” and “Positive Future Expectation Scale” were used in the data collection process. During the data analysis phase, Independent Samples T test, One Way ANOVA analysis, Pearson correlation analysis and Multiple Linear Regression Analysis were used in the SPSS 25.0 program. The research found that the individual innovativeness levels and positive future expectations of the teacher candidates were above the medium level. It was found that the individual innovativeness levels and positive expectations of teacher candidates differ according to the type of university (public, private) and the class they study in (p <0.05). It was observed that there was a positive relationship between the individual innovativeness level and positive future expectation among the teacher candidates participating in the research (p<0.05), and it was also determined that the individual innovativeness level positively affected the positive future expectation (pz0.05). As a result, it can be said that the high level of individual innovativeness in teacher candidates is a factor that increases positive future expectations.

Investigating college students' green food consumption intentions in China: integrating the Theory of Planned Behavior and Norm Activation Theory

IntroductionThe global trend toward consuming green food is on the rise. College students, as the future consumer base, have sparked significant interest in their inclination toward consuming environmentally-friendly foods. This paper integrates the Theory of Planned Behavior with the Norm Activation Theory to investigate the factors influencing college students' propensity to choose green foods, establishing a comprehensive model.MethodsThis study utilized online and paper questionnaires for data collection, distributing them among college students and receiving 350 valid responses. In the data analysis phase, SPSS was employed for statistical data analysis, including descriptive statistics and regression analysis, while AMOS was used for structural equation modeling.Results and discussionThe data analysis results indicate that subjective norms, behavioral attitudes, and individual norms have a significant positive influence on college students' inclination to purchase green food. Purchase intention is indirectly influenced by personal norms and behavioral attitudes through perceptions of consequences. Responsibility attribution indirectly impacts purchase intention of green food through personal norms. Personal norms are indirectly influenced by responsibility attribution through perceptions of consequences.

A Comprehensive Study of Walmart Sales Predictions Using Time Series Analysis

This article presents a comprehensive study of sales predictions using time series analysis, focusing on a case study of Walmart sales data. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of various time series forecasting techniques in predicting weekly sales data for Walmart stores. Leveraging a dataset from Kaggle comprising weekly sales data from various Walmart stores around the United States, this study explores the effectiveness of time series analysis in forecasting future sales trends. Various time series analysis techniques, including Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Seasonal Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA), Prophet, Exponential Smoothing, and Gaussian Processes, are applied to model and forecast Walmart sales data. By comparing the performance of these models, the study seeks to identify the most accurate and reliable methods for forecasting retail sales, thereby providing valuable insights for improving sales predictions in the retail sector. The study includes an extensive exploratory data analysis (EDA) phase to preprocess the data, detect outliers, and visualize sales trends over time. Additionally, the article discusses the partitioning of data into training and testing sets for model evaluation. Performance metrics such as Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) are utilized to compare the accuracy of different time series models. The results indicate that Gaussian Processes outperform other models in terms of accuracy, with an RMSE of 34,116.09 and an MAE of 25,495.72, significantly lower than the other models evaluated. For comparison, ARIMA and SARIMA models both yielded an RMSE of 555,502.2 and an MAE of 462,767.3, while the Prophet model showed an RMSE of 567,509.2 and an MAE of 474,990.8. Exponential Smoothing also performed well with an RMSE of 555,081.7 and an MAE of 464,110.5. These findings suggest the potential of Gaussian Processes for accurate sales forecasting. However, the study also highlights the strengths and weaknesses of each forecasting methodology, emphasizing the need for further research to refine existing techniques and explore novel modeling approaches. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of time series analysis in retail sales forecasting and provides insights for improving future forecasting endeavors.

Development of Interactive Learning Media Using the Lectora Application to Enhance Student’s Critical and Creative Thinking Skills

The Development of Interactive Learning Media in the 2013 Curriculum is a government effort to ensure that students have 21st-century skills. The goal of the conducted research is to develop valid interactive learning media on the topic of Newton's Law of Gravity. A field study revealed that students' critical and creative thinking skills in Newton's Law of Gravity were still low. Therefore, the existing problem was addressed by producing a product in the form of integrated learning media that fostered critical and creative thinking skills for high school students. The research conducted followed the Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, which was reduced to the Implementation stage. Three Physics lecturers from the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Education at State University of Padang (UNP) were involved in this research as validators, along with six Physics teachers from Padang City as practitioners. Validity test sheets were used as the data collection instrument in this research. During the data analysis phase, instrument validation and product validation were performed using the V Aiken Model Technique. The research results showed that the validated development instrument for the product category was valid. The average validity test score for the product was 0.79, which falls into the valid category. Therefore, it can be concluded that the interactive learning media developed in this study is considered valid.

The quality of qualitative research

In this contribution, we discuss criteria for the quality of qualitative research. We consider reliability and validity as specifications of the comprehensive requirement for ‘intersubjective replicability’, with which qualitative research...

Challenges and potential of quasi-experimental studies in cognitive linguistics applied to language teaching and learning

Abstract This review study focuses on the challenges faced when conducting effects-of-instruction research in Applied Cognitive Linguistics. It offers an overview of relevant research that has sought to demonstrate the effectiveness of a cognitive-based approach to second language (L2) pedagogy and provides illustrations from previous work in L2 Spanish by the author and colleagues of some of the factors that can influence findings in quasi-experimental research. More specifically, the study addresses some of the difficulties encountered in the design of materials and assessment tests, during the pedagogical intervention and the data collection and data analysis phases. These include choice of assessment, test effects, sample size, withdrawal, and time-on-task, among others. Along with these methodological issues, a discussion of possible solutions as well as pedagogical and methodological implications are discussed.

Towards an understanding of the digital transformation of facility management in healthcare: perspectives from practice

PurposeFacility management (FM) in healthcare is an organisational function that provides non-medical activities, ensuring operational functionality of critical health infrastructure. FM leaders are under pressure to implement the digital transformation, confronted with a highly complex and challenging operational environment. However, the current scope and understanding of the digital transformation in FM is rather limited, with a strong focus on technology. This perspective is inadequate to realise a digital transformation in healthcare organisations and requires a new framework. To ensure the practical applicability, a clearer depiction on how FM practitioners in the field, currently understand the digital transformation, is necessary.Design/methodology/approachA sequential exploratory mixed-methods design was chosen with a qualitative data collection and quantitative data analysis phase. A total of 23 semi-structured research interviews with professionals from FM in healthcare in Switzerland were carried out. Topic modeling was used to analyse, identify and cluster topics.FindingsIn total, nine distinct digital transformation topics were generated: ‘addressing future organisational and people needs’, ‘end-user-oriented processes’, ‘digitalisation management vs. digital tools’, ‘major organisational change’, ‘information exchange and work culture’, ‘digital systems’, ‘pressure’, ‘company-wide strategy’ and ‘management support and communication involving non-medical support services’. The findings indicate that FM practitioners perceive the digital transformation beyond the purely technological viewpoint, although they lack the know-how and instruments necessary to implement the digital transformation.Originality/valueThis study employs an innovative research design, resulting in foundational insights on how FM in healthcare perceives the digital transformation. As such, the study expands the notion on what the digital transformation means for the FM field.